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(Re)Interpretacija historije dječije zaštite u Bosni i Hercegovini između dva svjetska rata

Author(s): Sanela Bašic / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 1-2/2014

The aim of this paper is to provide empirical and analytical framework for an understanding and contextualization of politics of child welfare in Bosnia-Herzegovina between the two world wars. Research results show that in normative sense extremely progressive and substantially high quality model of child welfare was in constant contradiction with the lack of financial, administrative and professional capacities for its implementation. Nonetheless, from a historical perspective , it is important to reevaluate the state 's efforts in the area of child welfare emphasizing particularly three legacies resulting from these efforts: first concerns the adoption of legislation on which the child welfare politics was based, second refers to the creation of (public) institutions responsible for the implementation of child welfare at local level and third concerns relationship of complementary between state institutions and private initiatives in the field of child protection based on the assumption that the state could possibly be the main but not the only and exclusive mechanism responsible for the provision of social welfare of citizens.

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1960 sonrasi Türk sağlik personeli politikasi üzerine bir değerlendirme

Author(s): Mehmet Burhanettin Coskun / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 33/2017

When the public administration of countries identified as a social and economic forms of organization is impossible to think outside the health sector of this form of organization. In this area, many spend the majority of national resources and the operation of the human field prevents the medical field and constrained to work. Since the establishment of the Republic was considered to be an essential task of the state health services were encouraged to take public organizations. After the 1960 reform of the health policy issues were on the agenda. Health services, policy-making / implementation in the context of redefining the evaluation in relation to the consequences of experienced conversion and also the transformation of health policy to be discussed with a critical perspective, currently ongoing is important for appropriate evaluation of the discussion. Turkish health personnel to work in the process of globalization in terms of policy, not an example of transformation of the public administration, is considered important by itself in today's public administration studies. Working labor changes in Turkish public administration system will serve to seeing through intensive service sector. The main problem of the health personnel system in Turkey is achieved with a flexible structure, starting from the 1960's.

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A „jó anya” mítosza Magyarországon a reproduktív munka és a piac globális történetének szempontjából

Author(s): Gergely Csányi,Szabina Kerényi / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 24/2018

Based on Foucault’s theory of the soul, as well as the methodological insights of Fernand Braudel and world-systems analysis, in our paper we demonstrate how the myths of the good and the bad mother were created by certain actors during the various cycles of the capitalist world system, and how these myths have been embedded into the logic of capitalistic accumulation. We show how these myths, on the one hand, contributed to securing the unpaid reproductive labour necessitated by accumulation, and on the other hand, supported a new market segment from the 19th century onwards. First we present an outline of the history of the myth of the good mother at the core of the world system, then we summarise the socialist myth of the good mother. Finally, we use empirical examples to illustrate the contemporary Hungarian myth of the good mother.

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A háziasszony és munkája a kapitalizmusban

Author(s): Wally Seccombe / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 24/2018

One of the significant figures of the “domestic-labour debate” in the United States of the 1970s was Wally Seccombe, who was among the firsts to understand the centrality of housewives’ labour to capitalism through Marxist terminology. He consistently applied the value theory of labour to the reproduction of labour itself, challenging both Marxist and bourgeois economic approaches which did not consider domestic labour as a structural part of the capitalist mode of production, and therefore participated in making the labour and position of housewives ‘invisible’. For Seccombe, the fundamental and unsolved duality of domestic labour is that while it constantly creates value through the reproduction of commodified labour, it is not recognized as productive labour since it is not directly related to capital and does not produce surplus value. Therefore, domestic 258 FORDULAT 24 labour is not renumerated by any wage, which has important consequences for the social position, conscience and possibilities of the housewife. Reproductive work necessary for the sustainment of her husband, her children and herself is presented as a natural female obligation and charity, masking the fundamental deception of capitalism that wage is in fact not meant to be for labour, but for the reproduction of the labour force. Domestic labour signifies her total material dependence from her husband and her isolation from the public sphere, which together limit her possibilities to represent her own interests and to take part in collective resistance. Between the industrial and the domestic domain lies therefore the most remarkable fault line of the working class, which turns members of the same household silently against each other and excludes housewives from the sphere of collective organization and struggle.

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A jövedelemegyenlőtlenség mint a gazdasági válság eredete

Author(s): András Pinkasz / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 17/2012

Although the prevailing crisis is directly connected to subprime lending, indirectly institutional and real economic causes lie in its background. In particular, income concentration is one of its most significant reasons. Although there was also significant economic inequality in the United States prior to the Great Depression of 1929, this economic phenomenon as an explanation for the crisis has emerged only in the very recent years. Nevertheless, there has been no agreement in the literature so far about what the real causes of the prevailing turbulent processes and the growing inequality could be. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into these controversies in order to make more understandable the hints and the conflicts in the literature. These controversies are placed in a framework of the creation and the dismantling of the New Deal.

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A magyarországi mentőellátás térbeli hatékonyságjavításának modellezése – egy lehetséges térinformatikai alkalmazás segítségével

Author(s): Titusz Bugya,András Trócsányi,Gábor Pirisi,Szabolcs Ákos Fábián / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 04/2015

Within the framework of the present paper authors introduce a GIS based model, developed in the Institute ofGeography at Pécs University. The model can support decision-makers – primarily in ambulance service – withdata analysis and mapping. The fundamental goal of the development was to provide an easy access tool for theservice, with the help of which they can improve the general response time, the number of settlements and residentswithin the standardised reach of 15 minutes. It can help not only in long- or mid-term planning activities,but as a quick tool it offers support for ad hoc decisions. Both dynamic fleet management and occasional, seasonalspatial reorganisations can be planned carefully on the basis of the GIS application. Based on open source softwareit is a costless investment for any kind of delivery, collection or intervention services.

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A tőke és a gondoskodás ellentmondásai

Author(s): Nancy Fraser / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 24/2018

Nancy Fraser tracks the reconfiguration of the relations of social reproduction under successive regimes of accumulation – “separate spheres”, male breadwinner, dual-income household. Are the exactions of financialized capitalism now serving to undermine its lifeworld?

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ADMINISTRACJA PUBLICZNA NA RZECZ ROZWOJU GOSPODARKI REGIONU – WYBRANE PROBLEMY KSZTAŁTOWANIA WSPÓŁPRACY Z MSP W REGIONIE ŁÓDZKIM

Author(s): Mirella Baranska-Fischer / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 40/2015

The development of each territorial unit is connected with the influence of many factors, among which on the one hand, a vital role plays the effect of public authorities in creation of a proinnovation environment for the market players which are localized within it and on the other hand - for all those who are potentially interested in the allocation of their resources in these particular area. The method and nature of the impact of both governmental and local administrative bodies for the development of the SME sector constitutes a major challenge for local authorities whose support (at various levels of its functioning) is expected by the entrepreneurs. The paper discusses selected issues related to the cooperation of small and medium-sized enterprises within the region of Lodz with public authorities in order to strengthen and/or re-build the potential of the economy within the represented spatial unit.

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Advocated but Sidelined: Health promotion for the elderly in the Netherlands

Author(s): Jelena Arsenijevic,Wim Groot / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Health promotion (HP) in the Netherlands is the responsibility of both the national (the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport) and local governments. Two government organizations are involved in the development, implementation and monitoring of HP: the Dutch Institute of Public Health (RIVM) and The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). Within RIVM, the Center for Healthy Living (Loketgezondleven. nl) has been established. ZonMw subsidizes the Academic Collaborative Centers (ACC) in eight areas which together cover the whole of the Netherlands. ACC centers are responsible for transferring evidence based scientific knowledge into practical activities. Also, health promotion “thematic” institutes such as the TRIMBOS institute (Institute for mental health) and NISB (Dutch Insitute for Sport and Physical Activity), the GGDs (the municipal institutes for public health), general practitioners and work and health professionals (Arbo-coördinators) are actors in HP. There are two laws that regulate the role of HP namely: The Public Health Law (“Wet publieke gezondheid”) (Wpg), and the Social Support Act (Wmo). Funding for HP comes from the central government, local municipalities, health insurance companies and regional care offices. Health insurance companies are mostly responsible for financing indicated and disease related HP. Evidence from Loketgezondleven.nl shows that only few HP are efficient and effective. Because of this both municipalities and insurance companies are reluctant to invest in HP. HP for elderly are mostly financed by public sources and, basic health insurance premiums but also through patient payments.

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Afganli Siğinmacilarin Kimlik Sorunu: Erzurum Örneği

Author(s): Sevil Demiral / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 81/2015

Ülkelerinde yaşadıkları sorunlar nedeniyle Dünya‘nın farklı yerlerine göç etmek zorunda kalan Afganlılardan Türkiye‘ye sığınanlar pek çok ilde yaşam mücadelesi vermektedirler. Ülkemizde her geçen gün sayıları artan Afganlı sığınmacılar bizim için artık göz ardı edilemeyecek önemli bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızda ülkemizdeki bu konukların sığınmacı kimliğiyle burada bulundukları için sığınmacı ve mülteci kavramları arasındaki fark göz önünde tutularak, sığınmacıların aile yapısı, ekonomik durum, eğitim, din, kamusal alanla ilişkileri ve sosyal yaşamlarını belirlemek amacıyla onaltı kişi ile görüşülmüş ve bu görüşmeler analiz edilmiştir. Sığınmacı ve mülteci kavramlarına baktığımızda, bu iki kavramın sık sık birbirlerinin yerine kullanılsa da farklı olgulara işaret ettiklerini görmekteyiz.

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Age as a Determinant of Pensions for Insurance Periods and Old Age in Bulgaria

Author(s): Plamen Yordanov / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2014

Age is one of the qualifying conditions which entitle insured persons to receive cash benefits from insurances for old age. Nevertheless, at this stage, the practice of linking the amount of pensions to the age at which they are awarded is rather limited in pensions insurance practice. The objective of this research is to study the significance of age to the pension insurance systems of EU states and hence propose a mechanism which makes it possible to link the amount of pensions for insurance periods and age in Bulgaria to the average life expectancy afterretirement.

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AİLE ÇATIŞMALARI, NEDENLERİ ve EN YAYGIN ÇÖZÜMLERİ

Author(s): Hüseyin Rehimirad / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 8/2010

Aile ve çiftlerin rastladığı sorunlar, uğradığı zararlar, ailede çatışmamazlıklar ve diğer etkili amiller geçmişten günümüze kadar dikkate alınmış ve incelenmiştir. Şu araştırmanın amacı da evlilik çatışmalarının nedenlerini bulmak gibi sosyolojik bir meselenin çözümüne küçük bir katkıda bulunmaktır.

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Aile İçi Şiddetin Çocuk Üzerindeki Etkisi Konusunda Sosyal Hizmet ve Hukuk Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Rasim Babahanoglu,Sezen Gizem Özdemir / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 2/2016

It is the family’s primary social environment in which care and services that are needed in all phases of development of the individual can be met. At the same time, the tension and conflicts that may arise during the interactions of the individuals in the social environment can cause the behavior of family members to be negatively affected. This study, was carried out to examine students’ views from Department of Social Services and Faculty of Law regarding the effects of domestic violence on children. Thus, demographical information form and semistructured interview form were used for data collection. The study was designed as a qualitative research and interview/individual interview techniques were employed. Population of the study was composed of students from Selçuk University, Department of Social Services and Faculty of Law. Sample of the study was composed of 31 junior and senior students from Department of Social Services (15) and Faculty of Law (16). The students were chosen via random sampling method and in-depthinter views were done. In the stady idea distribution of junior and senior students from Department of Social Work regarding the most basic reason(s) for domestic violence was as follows: “financial difficulty” 47%, “lack of communication” 40%, “traditional and patriarchal family structure” 20%. Idea distribution of junior and senior students from Faculty of Law regarding the most basic reason(s) for domesti cviolence was as follows: “lack of education” 38%, “patriarchal society structure” 19%, “lack of respect, love, andtolerance” 19%. Idea distribution of junior and senior students from Department of Social Workr egarding the effects of domestic violence on children was as follows: “normalising violence and using it in their future lives” 80%, “losing sense of belonging and confidence” 20%, “academic failure” 20%. Idea distribution of junior and senior students from Faculty of Law regarding the effects of domestic violence on children was as follows: “learning and normalising violence” 81%, “psychological trauma” 44%, “having problems adapting to the society” 44%. When the views of the 31 students were evaluated, it was found that although many of students’ views from Department of Social Work and Faculty of Law overlapped, there were some differences. In our society violence may frequently be used as a tool for raising and educating a child. When the child witnesses and/or is exposed to domestic violence, it may take longer than an adult for her/him to get over this trauma and the bitter fruits of this situation might affect the child’s future life directly.

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Aktualne problemy edukacji uczniów z niepełnosprawnością w percepcji nauczycieli w różnych formach kształcenia specjalnego

Author(s): Jolanta Lipinska-Loks / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2015

Education of students with disabilities is a challenge for teachers engaged in various forms of special education. Due to recognizing the limitations and problems connected with education of such a diverse group of students, new solutions are sought.This article compares the higher education systems between China and Ukraine.

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Aktualność działań resocjalizacyjnych ochotniczych hufców pracy w świetle badań świadomości istotnych obowiązków małżeńskich młodzieży OHP

Author(s): Jacek Zielinski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2016

The aim of the present study is to illustrate the adequateness of the activities undertaken by the state institution of Voluntary Labour Corps (VFL – Ochotnicze Hufce Pracy) within the scope of pre¬paring young people taking part in the activities organised by that organisation for social and marital life. The study depicts the history of forming VFL structures, legal foundations of VFL activity, edu¬cational and rehabilitation activities of young people. The final part of the study presents the views of the youth with regard to the institution of marriage, which constitutes for them a life perspective.

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AKTYWIZACJA ZAWODOWA PRZEZ URYNKOWIENIE. LUDZIE DLA INSTYTUCJI CZY INSTYTUCJE DLA LUDZI (NA PRZYKŁADZIE AKTYWIZACJI ZAWODOWEJ NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNYCH ABSOLWENTÓW SZKÓŁ WYŻSZYCH)

Author(s): Ewa Giermanowska,Mariola Raclaw / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Poland is a country with very low labour force participation among people with disabilities. On the one hand, changes are visible in the attitudes and behaviour of people with disabilities, especially students and graduates who aim to have a professional career. On the other hand, one can observe a process of gradual withdrawal of families from caring and active support of the disabled. This situation demands certain compensatory measures such us intensification of engagement of relevant institutions and seeking alternative ways of providing care and support. The Polish system of occupational development services for the disabled is complicated and nontransparent for the beneficiaries. It is also inadequate for the growing professional aspirations of people with disabilities. Employees of support institutions tend to follow long-standing routines and patterns of behaviour defined by formal rules, rather than adjusting to the individual needs of the disabled and the changing labour market. Commercialisation of support institutions, within the framework of the new paradigm of social policy, has contributed to economisation of support institutions by focusing on benefits and profits to the institution, rather than the professional development of disabled people. Thus, we have an unfinished process of labour emancipation of disabled university graduates who cannot satisfy their career aspirations.

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Aktywna polityka społeczna i system wsparcia zawodowego w sektorze społecznym wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością

Author(s): Katarzyna Zielinska-Król / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

The rights of persons with disabilities to participate in social life include the right to employment and participation in labor market. In Poland, the law does not fully implemented and restrictions on professional activation are stuck on both the system and on the side of people with disabilities and employers. Currently in the area of activities for disabled persons waived from the medical model which treats people with disabilities as an object interactions institution for the social approach, recognizing their rights and duties on an equal basis with others. The proposed new − active − social policy model, based on civil rights contrasts with the previous one, in which the indexed needs (social) disabled people and pointed the way to satisfy them. The postulate of professional activation of persons with disabilities refers to activities aimed at strengthening labor market and employment opportunities of individuals. Active social policy (APS) is focused on the activities of public incentives for individuals to enter and remain in the labor market through the development of instruments to increase the capacity of employment and reducing demotivating function termination benefits (support conditional).The aim of the article is to present the most important assumptions of the APS in respect of the activities related to the employment of people with disabilities and also analyze support that group in the area of social economy.

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Aktywna rehabilitacja formą wsparcia w procesie aktywizacji społecznej osób niepełnosprawnych ruchowo

Author(s): Katarzyna Maria Król / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 60/2017

The appearance of the dysfunction affects in a specific way the functioning of the human, his environment, the relationships with others. A physically disabled person needs skills that allow him/her to regain self-reliance, self-esteem. The activities of many institutions aim at providing equal opportunities, working against all of the many forms of discrimination, social and professional included, against physically disabled/handicapped. However, despite the multiple actions undertaken, the social alienation of the people with various motor dysfunctions can be observed. One of the most interesting initiative that meets the needs and expectations of the handicapped/physically disabled people, especially those after spinal cord injury, is the idea of community/environmental rehabilitation that originated in the United States, and then developed in Sweden as an Active Rehabilitation movement. In Poland, Foundation for Active Rehabilitation (FAR) is an organization that promotes and implements the ideas of an active rehabilitation. It is a non-governmental organization, established on the initiative of “wheelchair users for wheelchair users”. In this paper we present the results of research of the effects of various forms of Active Rehabilitation supporting the process of the social activation of the physically disabled, aiming at their inclusion in the mainstream of social life, and the increase of their independence in life. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of personality model in the Active Rehabilitation.

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Ambulant sanctions as an alternative to imprisonment in the European Union

Author(s): Christine M. Graebsch,Sven-U. Burkhardt / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2014

The issue of imprisonment vs. alternative penalties has been debated in various European countries during the last decades, and ambulant sanctions have been heavily on the rise. Community sentences and other alternatives to imprisonment are regarded as modern instruments for the rehabilitation of offenders. The objective of the present study is to examine the scope of application of penalties without deprivation of liberty as compared to imprisonment as well as to identify promising practices of alternative criminal sanctioning in Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Spain and Lithuania. As this study covers several European countries, the comparative perspective suggests itself nearly as a matter of course. In this connection, it seems reasonable to describe the existing ambulant sanctions of the different member states involved, taking into account their legal arrangement and their relation within the system of penal sanctions including their relation to the deprivation of liberty. It in addition appears sensible to describe and compare these ambulant sanctions with reference to their contribution to the re-socialisation or rehabilitation of those subjected to them as well as with special attention to the involvement of civil society in their execution. In a further step, promising practices in connection with ambulant sanctions could be highlighted which may be recommended for imitation by other member states. Such an approach proves to be impossible for multiple reasons, though, and it would be inadequate just to make such an attempt. There are exemplary references to ambulant sanctions in Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Lithuania and Spain. This is due to the fact that scientists from these countries have taken part in the realisation of this project but not necessarily because of specific outstanding features of their sanction systems in comparison with other member states.

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AMENDMENTS AND COMPLETIONS TO LAW NO. 2017/2003 TO PREVENT AND COMBAT DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Author(s): Corina Dragan / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The article focuses on the new amendments and additions to the Law No. 217/2003 on the prevention and combating of domestic violence. Within the article I have tried to identify the gaps existing in the current law, but also the pluses and minuses brought by the new law. Since 2003, when the law no.217 entered into force, the authorities had difficulties in its application, all to the detriment of the victims of domestic violence. Statistics in this period were not at all gratifying, and the effects were visible from year to year. The need to change legislation in the field of domestic violence has been increasingly pressing. It is desirable to change procedures, improve working tools, and involve more social actors in protecting victims of domestic violence.

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