CSD Policy Brief No. 54: Трафик на деца сред уязвими ромски общности

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

Trafficking in persons is a lucrative crime and a gross human rights violation, which affects all EU Member States. Trafficking in children merits special attention of anti-trafficking efforts as children are especially vulnerable to trafficking, re-trafficking and victimisation and the number of children trafficked throughout the EU is on the rise. Investigation, protection and prevention measures for child trafficking are especially needed as the exploitation of children and violation of their rights have dramatic negative effects on children and society as a whole. While there is some empirical evidence on trafficking in human beings for the purpose of sexual exploitation of women, other forms of trafficking have not drawn attention of researchers, academics and policy makers. This means that victims of exploitation fall outside the radar of identification and thus cannot access the available assistance. Having this in mind, a consortium of seven partner organisations3 sough to explore three specific under-researched forms of child trafficking in order to contribute to the knowledge on how and why children fall prey to exploitation. The three forms studied are child trafficking for the purpose of begging exploitation, child trafficking for the purpose of pick-pocketing and child trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation of boys.

CSD Policy Brief No. 61: Употребяващите наркотици в затвора: опитът на Норвегия и предизвикателствата пред България

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian

For all criminal offences related to drugs, even for possession of small quantities intended for personal use, the main sanction according to Bulgarian criminal law is imprisonment. Unlike in Norway, non-custodial penalties in Bulgaria such as probation have extremely limited scope of application for drug-related offences. At the same time, other alternatives to imprisonment are virtually non-existent.

Приложимост на подхода „четворната спирала“ за създаване на иновации за социално интегриране в обществото – практики в България

Author(s): Mariya Aleksandrova Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report explores the opportunities for a Quadruple Helix Approach where business, public sector, research/ academic centers and civil society organizations interact to accelerate the transfer of innovative social welfare solutions in regional chains. It analyzes the historical perspective and outlines the roles of the participants, creating and exchanging innovative practices for the social integration of the risk groups. Because of personal observations, participation in discussions, workshops and projects, the author presents summarized results of Bulgarian practices and provides guidance for strengthening cooperation in the regional innovation system.

„Současný systém říká rodičům: nedávejte děti do jeslí, ale určitě je dejte do školky“

Author(s): Jan Schneider,Lada Wichterlová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Prohlašuje Jan Schneider, ředitel Zdravotnického zařízení Podolí, které spravuje i jedny z pražských jeslí. O dnešní situaci jeslí si s ním povídala Lada Wichterlová.

Bílá místa v péči o oběti trestného činu znásilnění: shrnutí výstupů analýzy stavu pomoci obětem znásilnění

Author(s): Jitka Čechová,Hana Jandová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Преображаји правне државе и владавине права

Author(s): Dragan M. Mitrović,Kosta D. Mitrović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The static picture of the rule of law, which almost always imposes itself as the main one, we shall try to depict in its live flow, which is some-how or other put aside. And that flow is of such kind that it shows continual conceptual and practical transformation of the rule of law. Let us mention but a few examples of that transformation over the past two centuries: liberal rule of law, socialist rule of law, cultural rule of law, welfare state, neo-liberal rule of law, supranational rule of law, international rule of law, all the way up to a possible world rule of law, which are announced together with the establishment of the transhuman society with one and the same rule of law. It may look like the circle is closing. And it took only a little over two centuries of practicing those ideas in the most developed countries around the world.It is obvious that the rule of law is a fragile creation. It is exactly byway of that fact that it is rendered possible to explain its accelerated two-century long transformation which can result in its likewise accelerated disruption and revoke. Today, the rule of law is increasingly more distant from the values and needs of daily human life, despite the privileged nominal and normative treatment. This is done with the intention of creating a transhuman, i.e. a dehumanised society and the law. In such society people exist for the purpose of technocratically built law, and not the law for the people.

Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Dijital Dönüşüm

Author(s): Neşe Tosun,Rana Özyurt Kaptanoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Technological transformation is changing all life processes and habits day by day, and the health sector is also involved in this transformation. Especially in recent years, epidemics and disasters have necessitated easy access to the health system and easy use of the service. Accurate and fast access to health services has become increasingly important in this direction. The quality of health care in our country is improving day by day and digital transformation contributes to this improvement process. Among the goals of the health sector is the easy access of everyone in need to the health services they need, or the improvement of the health status of citizens by ensuring that health services are delivered quickly. In this respect, the importance of digital transformation for academics and practitioners is increasing. General rules such as information flow, networks, communication, connectivity, authenticity, transparency and participation guide both the production and use of health-related information and information. In line with this information, the aim of this study is to explain some digital health applications used in health services in Turkey by examining the digital transformation in health services on the basis of literature.

Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Nesnelerin İnterneti (Nİ)

Author(s): Ali Göde,Fatma Nuray Kuşcu / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

It is an internet communication network whenever and wherever it is integrated with education or larger systems over the Internet of Things (IoT). Traditional healthcare delivery practices IoT will be proposed, supported or replaced as the adoption of technology-enabled healthcare increases to enable healthcare to deliver flexible care models. IoT is an emerging technology that provides improvement and better solutions in the medical field such as proper medical record keeping, sampling, integration of devices and causes of diseases. IoT has the potential to renew the way doctors deliver healthcare, as more accurate and instantaneous data can be obtained through these technological network and sensor applications. IoT's sensor-based technology provides an excellent ability to reduce the risk of surgery during complex cases. It makes the surgeon's job easier by minimizing risks and increasing overall performance. In this way, confidence in health services is also increased. In general, in general, Internet (IoT)-based applications in health care services and improvement, patient improvement, health care reduction, health improvement, personal health and health care improvement, patient improvement, health care reduction, health improvement, health improvement and the potential to improve care. And this is to talk about the reality of the IoT ’in the review of healthcare.

Okul Sağlığı Hizmetlerinin Sağlık Yönetimi Açısından İncelenmesi

Author(s): Halil Atmaca / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In this study, the latest developments in the field of research and practice in health education in schools applied in countries are evaluated and school health education is discussed in a broader framework within the framework of public health education and promotion.

Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Dijital Pazarlama

Author(s): Refika Ülke Şimdi,Hilal Saadet Aktepe / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

The history of marketing, which started with traditional methods, is maintained almost entirely through digital channels today. In other words, digital marketing has ceased to be an alternative to traditional marketing and has taken its place in the lives of businesses as an approach almost identical to marketing itself. The increasing importance of marketing activities in the service sector has taken place in health services relatively late. It is possible to explain this situation by the fact that health services are still a public service in many countries. However, in addition to this publicity, the existence of private enterprises in health services increases the importance of marketing in this service sector day by day. Realizing this increasing importance, health business managers and marketing strategy developers have started to implement their digital marketing strategies in a unique way with the sector. Within the scope of this study, digital marketing and digital marketing channels in the mentioned health services sector were examined.

Sigorta Ürünleri ve Hizmetlerinin Dijitalleşmesinin Müşteri Tercihlerine Etkisi: Pazarlama Stratejileri Bakımından Bir Değerlendirme

Author(s): Ahmet Aydin,Yavuz Kotan / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Despite the efforts of service businesses, some extraordinary developments are affecting the way service products are presented. Digital technologies, the use of which intensifies in extraordinary situations, are now routinely used and many products/services are delivered to customers through digital channels. In this study; A literature review on services, service marketing and digitalization of services has been included and the importance of digitalization of services in terms of marketing strategies has been examined. In the study; the analysis and evaluation of the data on the impact of the digitalization of services on customer preferences in terms of marketing strategies is in question. In addition, the possible effects of demographic characteristics and perspectives on preferences in digital insurance services has examined and suggestions has made. In the result of working; it has been concluded that by following a communication-oriented marketing strategy, the trust of the target audience in digital insurance products/services can be increased, they can be insured, and the employment of experts in marketing communication in insurance companies can provide positive results.

Sosyal Hizmet Uygulamalarında Motivasyonel Mülakat: Tanım, Ruh ve Uygulama Prensipleri

Author(s): Metin Gani Tapan / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

The motivational interview approach, which has its origins in the humanist movement: accepts that the key point that can reveal the client's latent potential is the form of cooperation, respect and empathic relationship between the interviewer and the client. At the same time, it is emphasized that the client's attitudes and behaviors are accepted as they are, and an approach with compassion rather than criticism is important for change. On the other hand, it is considered that it is more beneficial to emphasize cooperation throughout the process rather than judgmental statements or an expert approach in mobilizing and encouraging the client for change. In the motivational interview intervention, it is important for the client to participate in the change process, that is to attract their attention. It is recommended to make joint planning and decision-making for change after the interviewer shows empathetic reactions that can activate the client throughout the process. The planning process requires setting clear goals for change, identifying possible options, choosing the most appropriate, and showing commitment to the plan by both the interviewer and the client. Reflecting with positive feedback and a supportive approach can be beneficial when clients experience indecision during the change process. Considering the dignity and worth of the individual in the professional intervention process, focusing on the importance of human relations, one of the basic values of the social work profession, is considered important in terms of professional qualifications and ethics. In this context, it is understood that the basic values of social work are directly compatible with the titles of partnership, acceptance, compassion and association, which are accepted as the spirit of motivational interviewing. Because of these similarities, motivational interview approach continues to be used in social work practices: addiction treatment and rehabilitation, school social work, forensic social work and child protection services. In this direction, the aim of the study is to explain the definition of motivational interview, evaluation of spirit components and application steps and how it can be reflected in social work practices.

Doktor İstifaları ve Yurt Dışı Göçü (2020-2022) Medya Yansımaları

Author(s): İzzettin Beştaş / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Günümüzde ülkelerin gelişmişlik seviyeleri, sosyal hizmetler ve sosyal güvenlik imkanlarının gelişimiyle ölçülmektedir. Bu alanda ileri seviyede olan ülkeler sağlık hizmetleri, sosyal hizmetler ve sosyal güvenlik ilkeleri çerçevesinde sistemler oluşturmuşlardır. (Şimşek,2022:191) Atatürk liderliğinde 1923 yılında kurulan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti birçok alanda olduğu gibi Batı’yı referans almıştır. Batı eğitim sisteminin bir parçası olan tıp eğitiminde de yine Avrupa örnek alınmıştır. Osmanlı’da 18.yüzyılda başlayan ıslahat hareketleri sonucunda başta askeri alanda olmak üzere birçok alanda Batılı uzman Türkiye’de geçici ya da uzun sürelerle istihdam edilmişti. Tanzimat Döneminde etkisi artan batılılaşma çabaları, Cumhuriyet’in ilanıyla birlikte zirveye çıkmıştır. İsviçreli Bilim İnsanı Prof. Albert Malche’in öncülüğünde başlatılan üniversite reformu yeni bir dönemin başlangıcı olmuştur. Böylece çağdaş anlamda bir üniversite oluşturmayı amaçlayan 2252 sayılı kanun 1933 yılında çıkarıldı. Bu kanunla İstanbul Üniversitesi ve ona bağlı olarak Tıp, Hukuk, Edebiyat, Fen Fakülteleri kurulmuştur. Atatürk’ün üniversite reformu genellikle Alman Üniversite modeline göre yapılmıştır. (Namal ve Karakök, 2011) 1933 yılında Almanya’da Adolph Hitler’in liderliğinde Nazi Partisi iktidara gelince hem çalışma koşulları hem de daha mühimi can güvenlikleri tehlikeye giren çoğu Yahudi asıllı binlerce bilim insanı Almanya’dan kaçtı. Bu bilim insanlarından bir bölümü de Atatürk idaresindeki Türkiye’ye sığındı. Tamamına yakını Üniversite reformuyla İstanbul Üniversitesi ismini alan eski Darü’l Funun’da istihdam edilen bu insanların arasında çok değerli tıp insanları da vardı. İstanbul’a gidenlerden bazıları: Tıp Fakültesine: Friedrich Dessauer, Erich Frank, Josef Igersheimer, Adolf Kantorowicz, Wilhelm Liepman, Rudolf Nissen, Philipp Schwartz, Max Sgalitzer; (Grothusen K. 1933 Yılından Sonra Alman Bilim Adamlarının Türkiye’ye Göçü. BELLETEN. 1981; 45/2(180): 537-550.) https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ttkbelleten/issue/70722/1138192 (Erişim tarihi: 02.01.2023) atandılar. Bu hekimler Türkiye’de modern tıbbın temellerini attılar. Bugün maalesef çeşitli nedenlerle istifa ederek Türkiye’den giden Türk hekimleri başta Almanya olmak üzere, pek çok dünya ülkesinin kabul etmesinin temel nedeni; hala başlangıçtaki sağlam hekim yetiştirme eğitiminin devam eden pozitif sonuçlarıdır. Almanya hekimlerden denklik istemeden kabul ederken, İngiltere ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri gibi bazı ülkeler belirli bir oryantasyon sürecinden sonra Türkiye’deki pozisyonuna terfi ettiriyor.

An Exploratory Study on the Grieving of the Bereaved Father in Hong Kong – from Grief Support Workers’ Perspective

Author(s): Chi Lok Jerry Wong,Kar Choi Chan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Chinese culture expects men to be strong and capable of emotional restraint, and therefore, the grief of bereaved fathers is often being overlooked in Chinese society. However, there has been little research done to understand the emotions and needs of these grief-stricken men, especially from the observations and perspectives of support professionals. This exploratory study attempted to address the knowledge gap concerning the bereaved fathers in Hong Kong through interviews of grief support workers. The study aimed at studying the needs and the pattern of grief of these fathers, plus the effects of gender and cultural expectations on their grief expression. Appropriate support and interventions were also explored. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with five grief support workers who had substantial experience in providing support and counseling to bereaved fathers, and reflexive thematic analysis was used in the data analysis. Results of the study showed that the bereaved fathers in Hong Kong tend to maintain their toughness and invulnerability as circumscribed by society and cultural norms amid the loss. Also, behaviors associated with the instrumental pattern of grief are more commonly observed among bereaved fathers. With respect to professional interventions, grief support workers recognized the importance of both instrumental and intuitive pattern of grief when working with the bereaved fathers and indicated that they had greater success in engaging these fathers through culturally-sensitive practice by paying attention to the societal and cultural expectations on men and respecting the fathers’ preferred choice and priority in the grief process.

Usvojenje djeteta u Porodičnom zakonu Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine - potreba za izmjenama zakonskih odredaba i politike usvojenja

Author(s): Borjana Miković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In addition to defining the child, the child without parental care and the adoption institute, the paper analyzes the "conflict" between potential adopters and professionals employed in social work centers. The said conflict is related to the large number of those who want to adopt a child compared to the small number of adopted children. Professionals more often refer to legal obstacles in the process, while the potential adopters point to inertness,i.e., lack of interest of professionals and inappropriate adoption policy. In the wake of these "accusations", the paper presents the results of research conducted with two groups of respondents: social workers, who are engaged in the protection and care of children without parental care, according to their best interests, social work centers, and parents who have adopted a child.

CHANGES IN HEALTH FACILITIES IN THE REGIONS OF SLOVAKIA

Author(s): Viera Papcunova,Jarmila Hudáková,Roman Vavrek,Ingrid Varešinská / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The health systems of individual countries differ not only in terms of organizational security, but also in terms of financing. Significant changes in the healthcare system began to be implemented in Slovakia after 1989, when healthcare services became mixed goods from purely public goods. In practice, this meant the entry of the private sector into the field of providing health services. The aim of the article is to evaluate the development in the field of healt facilities in the regions of Slovakia on the basis of selected indicators. On the basis of the analysis of secondary data obtained from the Statistical office of the Slovak Republic for the period 2000-2021, it emerged that there were significant changes in the number of health facilities in individual regions in 2009, also as a result of legislative changes regarding the location and scope of these facilities. At the level of Slovakia, in 2021, compared to the year 2000, the number of health facilities increased by 20%, but the number of health workers increased only slightly by 0.6%.

CAPACITY AVAILABILITY OF PSYCHIATRIC CARE IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: REGIONAL DIFFERENCES

Author(s): Ivana Vaňková,Iveta Vrabková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The concept of psychiatric care was formulated already in 2000. In 2013, this original concept was revised under the name of the Strategy for the Reform of Psychiatric Care, the main goal of which is the deinstitutionalization of psychiatric care, the provision and increase of ambulatory and acute inpatient care capacities. The aim of the article is to evaluate regional differences in the capacity availability of psychiatric care in the regions of the Czech yoRepublic for the years 2012 and 2021. To evaluate the availability of psychiatric care capacities in the regions of the Czech Republic, the TOPSIS Technique was used within two models, M1 and M2. The models differed in the set weight of individual criteria. The results show that the best availability of psychiatric care capacities was in the capital city of Prague, followed by the Pilsen Region and the Vysočina Region. Conversely, the worst rated regions in terms of capacity availability include the Central Bohemian Region and the Zlín Region. Within the monitored years (2012, 2021), there was an improvement in the availability of capacities in all regions of the Czech Republic, with the exception of the Olomouc region.

ACTIVE AGING AS A RESPONSE TO DEMOGRAPHIC CHALLENGES: SUPPORT OF THE SOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Author(s): Katarina Marošević,Anita Barišić,Suzana Dežić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The demographic challenge of an aging population is a global and European trend in the Republic of Croatia and numerous other countries of the European Union. The concept of active aging is one of the possible approaches to analyzing and solving the challenges of aging. This paper aims to analyze the demographic structure of the population of the Republic of Croatia in the context of the challenges faced by the older people and the possibilities of active aging in the Republic of Croatia. The ultimate goal of the paper is to offer potential solutions so that older people are as much as possible and often included in the local community where they live and in society in general. Particular emphasis in the paper is placed on the quality of life of older people, in whose insurance the social welfare system and social policy measures play an essential role. Although the motivation for inclusion in the life and work of the local community and a more active approach to older people is based on the older people themselves, the social care system should also enable the implementation of inclusion and satisfaction of an adequate level of the older people’s needs.

THE IMPORTANCE OF DEPRESCRIPTION IN THE QUALITY AND LENGTH OF LIFE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE

Author(s): Ivan Lekić,Barbara Bačun,Tatjana Bačun / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Deprescription is a process of reducing the dose and discontinuing a drug that could be harmful to the patient or from which the patient no longer benefits. Due to aging, patients may experience more harm than good from certain medications. Medical characteristics for deprescribing include polypharmacy, multi-morbidity, renal impairment, non-adherence, limited life expectancy, older age, etc. It is necessary to determine the goal of deprescription individually for each patient. The goal may be to simplify the dosing regimen in patients with poor medication adherence. Deprescription should be considered in all patients. First, these are patients with low expected survival, older people, patients with dementia or with numerous comorbidities. Defensive medicine has a risk of unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and irrationally increases the costs of health care. Deprescription is one of the ways we can improve clinical outcomes and the patient’s quality of life.

Kłopotliwe i dyskusyjne zagadnienia welfare

Author(s): Krzysztof Frysztacki / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

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