We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The article reveals the topicality of child behavior observation in the context of social education. Also, the focus is directed towards the ideas by Prof. Bronislovas Bitinas concerning the possibilities of the development of educational science and practice by relying on diagnostic results of child behavior and activities. The actual problem is related to the application of observation as a working instrument while implementing social pedagogical activities of child behavior correction. The aim of the article is to describe the possibilities of the application of child behavior observation as a tool of social pedagogue correctional activities for children from risk groups. The research was conducted by applying retrospective analysis, research data analysis and synthesis. The article defines the prerequisites of the development of the behavior observation instrument devoted to the solution of delinquency prevention problems. The attention is paid to the argument by Prof. B. Bitinas that sporadic educational activities directed to individual work with children from risk groups are not effective. On the contrary, systematic activities including deviant child behavior observation are necessary. Behavior observation is analyzed not only as an instrument but also as a purposeful directed and organized cognitive process which creates the conditions to improve social pedagogical activities with children and the collection of the necessary information.
More...
The development of social services in the twenty-first century due to the dynamic progress of the investment and activating policy. The society of the 21st century is a society of services as most of the workplaces are created in the service sector (public and community). This means that at least 50% of working people reach incomes from working in services. Thus, on the one hand, more and more people are employed in services, on the other hand, more and more services are consumed by households. Its characteristic feature is the principle of ‘una actu’ which means the production and consumption take place at the same time and place as a result of the same action. The purpose of this publication is to present all issues related to social services – definition, role and relevance, innovative theoretical approaches, organisation by government and non-governmental entities and, on the example of polish solutions, their application to selected groups of beneficiaries of social assistance, i.e. unemployed persons, addicts, old people, refugees, victims of domestic violence.
More...
The institutionalization of juveniles and young offenders who perform a custodial educational measure in an educational centre raises a number of challenges both economic and social with direct consequences in terms of the effectiveness of their resocialization and reintegration into society. That is why an important change was felt in the criminal and social policies for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency in Romanian society and the ways of prevention, intervention and postintervention developed by institutions with the role of socialization, adaptation and social control of young people were considerably diversified. This paper is part of a larger research that aimed to identify the psycho-social effects of educational measures of deprivation of liberty applied to young offenders in Romania.The research participants (n = 12) are professionals who work in two educative centres in Romania, Târgu Ocna Educative Centre and Buziaş Educative Centre. The research method used to collect the data was the focus group.The research conclusions show us that the educational measure of internment in an educative centre must activate processes of responsibility, favouring the change of personal lifestyles and social and family relations. The intervention of specialists, focused mainly on education, work, religion and cultural, recreational and sports activities, must respond to the principle of individualization, must be modulated by the personality needs of each, based primarily on the individual resources of each. Our research demonstrates that all these results can be achieved only through continuous and adequate training of professionals working with juvenile delinquents.
More...
In the coronavirus pandemic, the presence of asymptomatic patients in the community makes it mandatory to perform preoperative COVID-19 screening for asymptomatic patients. In this study, it was aimed to determine the preoperative screening efficiencies of chest computed tomography (chest CT) and RTPCR test in patients without coronavirus symptoms.The files of patients who have undergone any surgical or interventional procedures in our hospital between April 20 and July 25 and who did not have symptoms of coronavirus were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic characteristics of the patients, chest CT and RT-PCR results were listed and evaluated. p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results of 103 patients scanned by both Chest CT and RT-PCR were compared. There were 12 patients with positive chest computed tomography findings. Only 4 of them had positive RT-PCR results. The sensitivity of chest CT was calculated as 100%, selectivity as 91.92% and positive predictive value as 33.33%. For RT-PCR, all of these values were 100% (p <0.05). According to our study data, the positive predictive value of chest CT use in pre-operative COVID-19 screening in asymptomatic patients was found to be low, and the positive predictive value of RT-PCR was found to be high.
More...
It is well known that, as they perform their work-related activities, people use only a small portion of their creative abilities and potentials, while the largest portion remains unused. If people are motivated, they invest more energy and passion into their work, and their good spirit helps them overcome all types of problems they come across at work. Likewise, motivated employees are in the state of emotional and intellectual satisfaction and feel great devotion to the organization they work for. An old Japanese saying speaks volumes about the importance of motivation: There is no point in carving a Buddha if you do not bring spirit into it. The question of motivation has become quite a challenge for modern managers because motivation is a continuous and changeable process that demands an individual approach. Numerous factors impact motivation and one of the most significant ones, to which special attention should be paid in the globalization era, is the cultural one.
More...
Introduction: The purpose of the study presented here was to show how the children with autism and their families evaluate their quality of life compared to children and families without autism. The questionnaire PedsQLTM 4.0 considering the physical health score and age score, answered by children as well as parents, was employed as the principal research tool for the determination of the quality of life. The questionnaire PedsQLTM 2.0 designed for the parents was furthermore used, which is focused on the Family Impact Module (FIM), and in which they evaluate the situation in the family on the scale including the score of the family function and age score. Methods: Fifteen families having children with autism spectrum disorders, aged 2 to 18 years, participated in the research. The fifteen children with the health handicap included seven girls and eight boys. The average age in children with autism was of 9.53. In healthy children considered for a comparison, it was of 11.7. Total of 120 questionnaires were completed. Results: The results demonstrated that in the group with autism, a lower score, i.e. a worse quality of life was always detected. There was no statistically significant difference between 7-days and one-month versions of PedsQLTM 2.0. Conclusion: The PedsQLTM 4.0 questionnaire demonstrated considerable differences between children with autism and healthy children. These results should be taken into consideration in evaluating needs of these children and their families.
More...
In the article, the issues concerning child welfare, family dysfunctions and foster care in Polish legal system are discussed. The thesis characterizes the importance of the family, its functions and the role in the life of each child. The problem of family dysfunctions, improper attitudes and parental behaviours is disclosed. Moreover, the foster care institution is presented as a form of family support applied in the absence of due parental care and violation of the child welfare principle.
More...
This study aims to analyze and evaluate the social services provided to girls and women victims of domestic violence, based on the practices implemented in the non-public and public sector through this sector's representatives' representatives. The group of subjects included in the study consists of representatives of the Ministry of Social Welfare and Youth, local government, and non-profit social centers for girls and women - victims of violence and the center's beneficiaries. Qualitative ethnographic methods were used to conduct this study. One of the most important findings of this study was that the primary need of raped girls and women is to provide shelter to guarantee a safe place with their children. Also, the findings of this study show that non-public social services for girls and women-victims of domestic violence are limited and very deficient. The lack of some services and their lack of coordination does not meet the needs of the subjects. From 2013-2019, the cases of denouncing domestic violence have increased because the state and non-profit organizations have played an essential role in raising their awareness. A vital contribution of this study is the relevant recommendations to improve social services for this target group.
More...
The article is the result of a complex research activity. The starting point was to make a diagnosis of the Iasi community on the needs of social assistance. The interest of local authorities is to ensure optimal conditions for the provision of quality social services, leading to an improvement in the quality of life of people at social risk. This article makes a complex assessment of the social problems faced by the local community in Iasi, using the analysis of documents, questionnaires and focus groups. The special contribution is given by the development a strategy for the local social assistance system, with emphasis on the category of elderly beneficiaries.
More...
The article presents some selected cases, dealt with in the Ombudsman’s Office, regarding persons with disabilities. Selected cases were discussed, which have recently been the subject of explanatory proceedings conducted by the Polish Ombudsman. Their analysis leads to the conclusion that there are more and more cases of a general nature – those that do not concern only a single person (s), but are relevant to the entire group of people with disabilities. These are often matters that are very important for this group – for they relate to, for example, disability certificates or everyday help (e.g. assistantship). However, it is important that, in addition to making speeches to decision-makers, the Ombudsman publicizes these matters properly so that they reach the public.
More...
Although there is no international document of legal value that explicitly refers to the rights of older persons, their rights are enshrined and referred to in other international and regional human rights conventions. The prohibition of torture or inhuman and degrading treatments not only imposes on public authorities the obligation not to subject the person to ill-treatment. But it also has implications for the measures that public authorities, including institutions involved in healthcare, must take to prevent and, if necessary, to investigate suspicious abuses or ill-treatment.
More...
The right to health is closely linked and dependent on the exertion of other human rights, both civil and political, as well as economic, social and cultural. With reference to the typology of the obligations that states have in realizing the right to health (to respect, protect and fulfill this right), particular features of specific groups such as the elderly should be considered. It is important that an integrated care model combines elements of preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care at national level. In this respect, older persons should also have access, where appropriate, to professional age-specific services. At the same time, the process of providing health care to older persons in care centres should not violate their other rights. Medication and medical care must be seen not only as elements to prolong life but also to improve its quality.
More...
The adult guardianship institute in Bosnia and Herzegovina is not just a family relationship, but also a family law institute, the implementation of which requires the granting of a social protection. It is precisely the interdependence of these areas that leads to the achievement of the common goal, which is manifested in the provision of appropriate care and protection to adults under guardianship. Bearing in mind that social protection and guardianship overlap, these two terms are often substituted. Therefore, the terminological definition of terms is provided in the document: guardianship, social protection and social care. Based on the comparative analysis of appropriate legislation, particularly in the field of family legal and social protection, as well as appropriate literature in this field, this paper provides an evolutionary review of the institute of adult guardianship in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the interdependence and overlapping of the family legal and social protection in the development and application of this institute.
More...
Community Rehabilitation Centre for Addictive Diseases is a complex organization with a very wide range of working activities, where the activities themselves are complex and multifaceted. According to the long-term community rehabilitation methodology that uses the “12 Step” programme, addiction is considered to be a disease with aspects of biological, psychological, social and spiritual nature (Popova (Попова, 2017)). The activities and work of social workers, employed in the community centres for addictive diseases are based on intensive contact with groups of people and individuals with problems that require to be solved (Marc and Osvat, 2013; Gudžinskienė, 2012). Due to the specifics of the mentioned activity, social workers must be able to manage a considerable psychological load of communication and cooperation, must be empathetic and persevering, energetic and initiative-oriented, believe in the necessity and success of their work, try to achieve their aim, and devote all their energies to the work and activities. The following aspiration determines the complexity of working conditions of social workers, experience of strong emotions, and manifestation of stress. It causes a psychosocial phenomenon – the burnout syndrome in social workers. Research object: professional burnout syndrome. The aim of the article is to reveal manifestation of the professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases. Tasks: 1) to provide the definition of the professional burnout syndrome and its manifestations; 2) to reveal manifestation of professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres based on the experience of social workers. Research methods: academic literature analysis, document analysis, qualitative research type was chosen for the study. In the study, the method of a semi-structured interviews quality (content) analysis, summarizing method was used. This article overviews problematic question of the study: What personal and institutional aspects determine a higher probability, risk of the professional burnout syndrome and what is the professional burnout experience of social workers, employed in community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases? The following article analyses only the manifestation of professional burnout syndrome in social workers, employed in the community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases. The sample of the research. A criteria-based sample was used in the study. The informants (social workers) were chosen according to the following criteria: 1) social workers who have a degree in the area of social work; 2) are engaged in social work with persons addicted to psychoactive substances (alcohol, drugs); 3) have less than 2-year experience related to work with persons addicted to psychoactive substances (addicted to alcohol, drugs); are employed in the community rehabilitation centres for addictive diseases. The study was conducted in the January – March of 2020 in the community rehab centres of addictive diseases. 7 social workers participated in the study. Each interview continues form 50 -140 minutes. The obtained data were analyzed by using the content analysis method. The qualitative content analysis was performed in the following sequence (Creswell, 2013): the repeated reading of the content of transcribed interview texts, the distinction of meaning elements in the text analysed, the grouping of the distinguished meaning elements into categories and sub-categories, integration of the categories/sub-categories into the context of the phenomenon analysed and the description of their analysis. Ethics of the research. Personal permission of the informants to take part in the research was sought. The researchers obliged themselves to the research participants not to divulge the information related to the organisation and the informant. The principles of anonymity, volunteerism and benevolence were followed. The social workers working with persons addicted to psychoactive substances (alcohol, drugs) were acquainted with the goal of the research, the interview questions, and the importance of a reasoned reflection on their experience. Professional burnout syndrome can be understood from different points of view that in total comprise a general concept and consist of the following aspects: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decrease in self-realization. Results of the study. The research revealed that factors causing the occurrence of the professional burnout syndrome manifest themselves through organizational, interpersonal, individual and role conflicts, which have been long neglected or left without proper attention and caused the professional burnout syndrome. The analysis of the participants’ experiences of the professional burnout allowed to distinguish four categories: professional burnout syndrome related to the manifestation of negative emotions and behavioural changes; professional burnout syndrome related to physical-somatic features; dissociation from others; emergence of an unhealthy lifestyle. Empirical research revealed that manifestations of the professional burnout syndrome in social workers are associated with negative emotions and behavioural changes, which can be observed through hypersensitivity, irritability, decrease of self-realization, feelings that you are not needed, loss of motivation to act, and inability to concentrate on the activity one is engaged in. The professional burnout syndrome in social workers, working in the addiction rehabilitation community is also associated with physical-somatic features: somatic diseases, physical exhaustion. Social workers were tormented by insomnia, stomachand headaches, chest pain, panic attacks at night. The informants felt defeated, as if they were not masters of their situations, because they did not have strength not only to perform the assigned work tasks qualitatively, but also to organize their life after work. Due to psychological and emotional exhaustion, social workers, employed in the addiction rehabilitation community, wanted to be alone, isolated from other people, even from colleagues, clients, and family members; therefore, during the survey, they admitted to distancing from them. Moreover, study participants acknowledged a decline in the quality of time spent with their families. They choose an unhealthy lifestyle by themselves, which manifested through a lack of physical activity and eating disorders.
More...
The promotion and protection of the rights of older persons must be an important matter for Romanian society, given that Romania is facing a rapid process of population ageing. International human rights standards emphasize the need for an integrated approach in caring for the elderly, combining elements of preventive, curative and rehabilitative treatment of their health. In this regard, older persons in care centers should have access when needed to complex medical services provided by doctors of different specialties.
More...
The world Sanitary systems are classified according to their efficiency in transforming health expenditure. We are considering here, the correlation of health care spending, adjusted according to local prices and to health insurance. However, the experience of European countries has shown that reform consists not only in implementing radical initiatives, but also in creating and maintaining a political, legislative, administrative and technical framework able to monitor and adjust the implemented changes. Once structural changes are implemented, the role of the central administration would be that of operating these mechanisms, in order to achieve the targeted results by sustained monitoring and regulated efforts.
More...
In the past few decades, ageing has become a serious global issue. The concept of active aging and its incorporation into different type of social services (e.g. day care for elderly people) is one of the possible solutions. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the status of clients in Hungarian day care institutions. Another important goal is to explore which domains of the concept of active and independent ageing were already considered and applied in Hungarian day care service and where they should be strengthened. The questionnaire was based on the Active Ageing Index questionnaire (ZAIDI et al. 2013). 14% of the observed sample was 64 years old or younger, 38% was 65–74 years old, 36% was 75–84 years old, 12% was 85 years old or older. Most of the participants (74%) were women. More than half of the sample were widowed. One third of the sample received some kind of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) device. There was a strong connection between the frequency of ICT usage and education variables. Accessibility, which was also a facilitator of active and independent ageing, came up only in 25% of the sample. Mental well-being – as a new variable – was analyzed with principle component analysis from five former variables with the highest rate in the Central Hungarian region. Satisfying physical security was reported by only 56% of the sample, more often among men (p = 0.03). Reinforcing the preventive aspect of the service, propagating it amongst freshly retired people, and including not only widows, but other potential clients as well could be the key points of service development. To intensify the potential points in the service connected to active ageing (accessibility, volunteering in late-life, use of ICT devices etc.) could be a key factor in the improvement of day care services.
More...
Amendments to Law No. 487/2002 were introduced under Law No. 221/2010, in the context of Romania’s ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
More...
Malignant laryngeal tumor occupies an important place among ENT malignancies, representing 26% of head and neck cancers. The control of the disease and especially the quality of life are parameters often overlooked. The term "quality of life", has social impact too. The aim of this retrospective, observational study, is to evaluate the quality of life of patients with laryngeal tumors and the social impact in patients after the radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. The group of study included 52 patients, diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed laryngeal tumors. The evaluation of the quality of life was done before and after surgery and during the radiotherapy and chemotherapy, weekly, for 8 weeks. The tools used to assess the quality of life, were the questionnaires EORTC QLQ-30 version 3.0, and EORTC QLQ 35. EORTC QLQ-30 version 3.0 showed a low score on scales such fatigue, pain and sleep problems, from the beginning of therapy. The symptoms that appeared during the treatment, with statistical significance were: fatigue, nausea / vomiting, pain and appetite problems. EORTC QLQ-35 signals from the beginning of therapy problems with the senses, voice, social life, cough, which increase in severity as the radiation dose increases. At the end of treatment, pain scales, senses, social life and dry mouth were affected. In conclusion, the patients with laryngeal tumors present an important degradation of the quality of life and social integration after the treatment and radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, situation that we must take into account in the therapeutic plan.
More...