Участь мікроорганізмів у процесах біодеградації відходів

Author(s): V. V. Kolomoets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2009

It is shown, that microorganisms can be used for utilisation of products of waste degradation. The influence of microelements small doses on the ability of secured cultures of soil microorganisms to grow on poor nutrient medium was studied. The cultures simulate the relationship of the end products of waste pyrolysis. The positive influence of MnCl2, K2HPO4, NH4NО3 as well as the complex of microelements on the ability of secured microorganisms to accumulate the biomass and assimilate the substrate is shown. Among two secured and studied germ cultures the genus of –Bacillus is more promising.

Вплив ґрунтового сапрофітного гриба chaetomium cochliodes на асоціативну систему «triticum aestivum – azospirillum brasilense»

Author(s): E. P. Kopylov,A. A. Zhidenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2009

In laboratory and vegetative experiments the ability of soil ascomycete C. cochliodes 3250 to promote the penetration of Azospirillum nitrogen-fixing bacteria into roots’ inner tissues was shown. At the same time the endophytic association: spring wheat – Azospirillum nitrogen-fixing bacteria – soil saprophyte ascomycete C. cochliodes 3250 is forming. It allows activating the nitrogen fixation in the spring wheat roots zone and biosynthetic processes in plants, in particular: to raise glutamine synthetase activity, chlorophylls content in leaves and plants’ productivity.

Особливості жирнокислотного складу поверхневих ліпідів деяких водних рослин під впливом забруднювачів

Author(s): І. О. Alexeevs’ka,E. V. Golovei,V. M. Shepelenko,N. I. Shtemenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

It was shown that some emergent aquatic plants may be used for treatment of waste waters. The plants have specific composition of surface lipids (SL). The SL composition was found to be changed under the influence of water pollutants. These changes concerned the processes of elongation and desaturation of the SL components. The response to contamination was specific for each species.

Трофічна структура підстилкової мезофауни: розподіл біомаси за трофічними рівнями

Author(s): V. V. Brygadyrenko,O. S. Komarov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

On the basis of research of litter mesofauna in four forest biogeocenoses of the Poltava region the trophic-weight models of invertebrate communities are creating. The biomass differentiation between trophic levels, weight and taxonomic structure of the separate levels are analysed. The differentiation and similarity of the trophic-weight models of litter invertebrate communities are discussed.

Защитно-водоохранные леса и их экологическая роль в степной зоне украины

Author(s): V. А Goreiko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2008

Functions of the timber plantings in steppe zone are under consideration. The main types of water-protecting forests are explored. Their role in protection of the water sources from erosive processes is determined. The function of ravine forests is analysed.

Виды иммунодефицита растений к вредителям

Author(s): N. А. Ryabchenko,А. А. Shubin,V. D. Malygina,V. G. Privalova,Е. N. Mikhalyova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

The system conception of the winter wheat’s immunodeficiency to vermin is proposed on the basis of the experimental data.

Перспективи використання нітрату кобальту як контрастеру для електронної мікроскопії біологічних об’єктів

Author(s): I. O. Tikhankov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

The method of cobalt nitrate impregnation of ultrathin sections of plant and animal tissues, which are embedded in epoxy resin, has been worked out. Various aspects of such handling of specimens have been examined. Best conditions for the sections staining were determined. The advantage of this method was analyzed. The estimation of the possibilities to implicate this method for the morphological and histochemical study of various biological specimens has been made.

Особливості формування багатовидових угруповань підстилкових безхребетних тварин острова хортиця (запорізька область)

Author(s): D. О. Fedorchenko,V. V. Brygadyrenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

Peculiarities of litter invertebrates’ complexes formation under conditions of the Khortitsa National Reserve (Zaporizhzhya province) are studied. The dispersion of taxonomic groups of different levels (families and species) in litter mesofauna is swayed by the inter- and intrasystem factors; the largest influence has the power of litter and its humidity. The rate of ecological factors’ influence at different taxonomic levels may diverge.

Роль земноводних і плазунів у створенні екологічного буферу проти техногенного забруднення

Author(s): V. L. Bulakhov,V. Y. Gasso / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

Оценка токсического действия фторидов на сельскохозяйственные растения

Author(s): V. N. Grishko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2008

The toxicity of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride and ammonium fluoride for pea, maize, oat and onion was studied. It was found that the level of the toxic influence had grown with increase of fluoride concentration in the media of growth (from 5 to 100 mg of F–/l). By increase of the toxic influence the agricultural crops are disposed in the following row: oat < onion < maize < pea. Ammonium fluoride demonstrates lesser toxicity, than potassium and sodium fluorides. Under low concentrations of fluoride compounds (5 and 10 mg of F–/l) stimulation of roots growth is noted only for the oat.

Накопление и распределение 137cs в организме хищных животных

Author(s): A. V. Gulakov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2008

Data of the long-term research of accumulation and distribution 137Cs radionuclide in organisms of predatory wild animals from the alienation zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power station are presented. Essential fluctuations of the 137Cs contents in muscular tissue are noted. The results have large practical value for management of the hunting facilities on the radioactively polluted territories.

Сезонная динамика микробиологических показателей воды р. Ингулец и р. Березовка на участках с разной антропогенной нагрузкой

Author(s): N. B. Esipova,V. А. Zhezherya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2008

The seasonal dynamics of microbiological indices of sanitary situation in Ingulets and Berezovka Rivers was analysed at spring-autumn period. The sanitary mapping of the rivers was done for the Alexandria area. In most cases maximal level of the rivers contamination by the lactose-positive E. coli index was found in August.

Биосинтетические характеристики мутантного штамма 2р-15 в присутствии экзогенных аминокислот

Author(s): I. V. Zhernosekova,А. А. Tymchuk,А. G. Ponizovtseva,N. P. Chernogor,A. I. Vinnikov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2008

The effect of exogenous amino acids on the biosynthetical activity of 2P-15 rifampycin -resistant strain was studied. Addition of the amino acids to the medium for the 2P-15 cultivation in the optimal concentrations (50, 100, 200, μg/ml) entailed the augmentation of a synthesis of protein, biomass, activity of staphylococcus-lytic enzymes and strain’s productivity in the conditions of deep fermentation. All studied amino acids ensure the increase of stimulating activity of the mutant 2P-15 strain 2.0-3.7 times.

Сезонна динаміка питомої активності ферментів перекисного окислення в листках salix alba у штучних насадженнях

Author(s): Anna Kulik,А. І. Kryuchkova,L. S. Pashenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2008

Seasonal dynamics of the specific activity of catalase and peroxidase in Salix alba L. leaves collected in the artificial stands along the Shpakova River (Dnipropetrovs’k) was studied. The seasonal dependence of oxidoreductases’ specific activity and the reed’s influence on the osier seedlings adaptation were revealed. The importance of the reeds’ stressful influence on the osier seedlings’ adaptive processes is discussed.

Інгібування росту проростків кукурудзи за спільної дії хрому та нікелю

Author(s): О. М. Piskova,O. M. Vinnychenko,V. N. Grishko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2008

Mutual toxicity of chromium and nickel sulphates for growth and development of maize plantlets was studied. Its combined action at low concentrations (10–5 M) results to significant suppression of growth of both above-ground and root systems of maize. At the beginning of growth the greater negative effect of the salts mixture at high concentration (10–4 M) was observed for the plantlets’ roots. Then, on the sixth day, the growth of above-ground and root system was inhibited equally. Application of high nickel concentration and low chrome concentration, in contrast to high chromium and low nickel levels, depresses the biomass gain. Meanwhile the length of roots and leaves was affected by both variants of concentrations identically.

Уровень содержания марганца в почвах урбосистем индустриальных городов степного приднепровья

Author(s): N. N. Tsvetkova,A. A. Dubina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2008

Levels and distribution regularities of manganese in soils of industrial cities (Dnipropetrovsk, Kremenchuk and Dniprodzerzhinsk) are presented. Comparison of manganese content in different urban zones was carried out. The series of the heavy metal accumulation in the soil cover of industrial enterprises’ territories are drawn up.

Вплив накопичення важких металів на біохімічні особливості мікромамалій

Author(s): O. A. Zemlianyj / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2007

The influence of technogenic pollution on the protein and lipid content in small mammals from different ecosystems is observed in the paper. It was defined that its content increased in organs, which take an active part in the metabolic processes.

Середовищеочищувальна роль platanus orientalis у насадженнях санітарно-гігієнічного призначення

Author(s): N. V. Kapelyush,V. P. Bessonova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2007

The analysis of air clearing role of Platanus orientalis L. trees under conditions of environmental contamination is represented. The research has shown sufficiently high ability of the plane-trees to the air cleansing from compounds of sulfur, fluorine, chlorine and phenols.

Изменение агрохимических свойств почвы промышленного участка, загрязненного фторидами

Author(s): N. F. Pavlyukova,V. N. Kuchma / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2007

The changes of some agrochemical properties of soils of model plots closed to industrial enterprises with fluoride atmospheric emissions were studied. The alkalescence of soils at the plots was found. The reduction of content of the mobile forms of phosphorus, nitrite and nitrate forms of nitrogen and humus level in soil is caused by the increasing amount of nitrogen of ammonium compounds.

Оцінка стану примагістральних територій за зміною основних характеристик цвітіння деяких декоративних квітникових рослин

Author(s): О. P. Pryimak / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2007

Basic descriptions of blossoming of some ornamental flowering plants under condition of environmental pollution by motor transport emissions are presented. Amount of flowers (or inflorescences) per individual plant is the most informative test-index at highways territories. Petunia × hybrida and Salvia splendens are proposed to be a test object for phytomonitoring.