We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
This is a chapter of the Interslavic reader which is a collection of working texts for teaching the Interslavic language. / Tuto jest kapitola iz čitateljnika, ktory jest spisok tekstov do učenja medžuslovjanskogo jezyka.
More...
This is a chapter of the Interslavic reader which is a collection of working texts for teaching the Interslavic language. / Tuto jest kapitola iz čitateljnika, ktory jest spisok tekstov do učenja medžuslovjanskogo jezyka.
More...
The paper presents the results of the data analysis related to arrowheads from the High Middle Ages found in the Lower Angara region. Arrowheads made of iron or, sometimes, horn were classified into 25 types, with bigger and flatter objects being prevalent. Other types include those widely spread in Eurasian Steppe during the Mongol and Pre-Mongol time (flat rhombic, oval- winged arrowheads, cutaways). Several types of the arrowheads from the Lower Angara region are similar to those found in the Taiga Zone of the Western Siberia (bifurcate, cutaways in the form of a shovel, chisel and tetrahedral objects, warheads). Archers from the Lower Angara region used arrowheads with tenons, large armor-piercing objects and arrowheads with decor. The arrowheads represent taiga forms and steppe types. All the objects were used by the same community and belong to Lesosibirsk archaeological culture of the High Middle Ages.
More...
The Kalabaklı Valley is an approximately 12-km-long valley which extends towards the Hellespont in the south-east — north-west direction between 440-meter-high Bayraktepe in its north-east and 407-meter-high Beşiktepe in its south. Located in the south of the point at which the Kalabaklı Tributary reached the strait, Dardanos was an episcopal center in the Byzantine period. Probably, the settlement of the episcopacy of Dardanos also spread to Kepez in the north of the point at which the river reached the strait. Kepez has an important port, and numerous Byzantine glazed pottery items were detected during our surveys in this area. Vessels which were very analogous to the pottery in this area in terms of their paste, shape, and decoration characteristics were documented during the surveys we carried on in the Yağcılar Village in the upper section of the Kalabaklı Valley. Yağcılar, which we first detected during our surveys, has very rich surface materials, and the quality of the finds indicates that a production center probably existed.
More...
In the article we publish the collection of 11 complete and two partially restored dishes and one lid, found during the excavations in the old Bulgarian monastery at the village of Ravna, Provadia region. They were found in fragments in the yard and in a room near the representative building, which could be considered as the residence of the abbot and of the visitors of the monastery. All of dishes are import from Byzantium, dating around the middle of the 10th c. The stratigraphic data allow us to determine the upper limit of their use to be before the burning of the monastery, which most probably happened during the events in Bulgaria during 969—971. Judging by the technique of manufacturing and the decorations, the dishes belong to the so-called Glazed White Ware. They are covered with dark-green or grass-green and light-yellow or yellow-brownish glazing. There is also inscribed or impressed decoration under the glazing.The goal of this publication is to focus the attention of the specialist on Byzantine pottery in the collection, to determine more precisely its dating and a possible place of manufacturing.
More...
This paper completes the information regarding the glazed pottery from 10th—11th century from the western region of the Black Sea, from Dobrudja. Majority of the new discoveries belongs to the group with monochrome glaze (green-olive), rarely polychrome (green-olive with yellow; greenish-yellow on a chestnut background). The material, mostly fragmentary, comes from jugs, pots and cups of different sizes. Among other finds, a glazed clay egg was discovered at Hârşova. Glazed pottery from the two analyzed settlements represents local productions and imports, several fragments were studied by using archaeometric analysis, some data regarding the glaze are presented at the end of the article.
More...
This study presents glazed pottery from the medieval settlement near Polski Gradec village, occupied during the 11th—12th century. There are three main groups of glazed vessels: plain wares, painted wares and sgraffito wares. They are compared with the glazed pottery from various centres from the Byzantine cultural circle. According to the colour of the clay, the plain wares are divided into two groups — white wares and red wares. The white clay pottery is presented by two classes — “undecorated wares” and Persian lusterware with light blue glaze. The red clay pottery consists of the classes “Brown glazed ware”,“Spatter Painted Ware” and Sgraffito Ware. There are three sgraffito groups — Fine Sgraffito — which has three styles: “Fine style”, “Spiral style”, “Developed style” — “Champlevée”, and the so-called “Bulgarian sgraffito”. Plates of the known class of the “Painted sgraffito” were not found in the settlement. The Painted Wares belong to the “Green and brown painted wares” class and the vessels are divided into three groups.The analysis of the glazed pottery from the territory of the Byzantine cultural circle let us identify the production centres of particular groups of vessels. This raises the question about the trade routes and the circulation of the glazed pottery. It also helps us understand the trade ties in and out of the Byzantine Empire.
More...
The terms of ishkornaya or ishkor ware are used in the western archaeological literature. They relate to the alkaline glazes produced from plant ashes. This technique is still used nowadays. The archaeological material from Paykend provides the samples with opaque or transparent alkaline glaze from the 9th—10th century and later, from Timurid and post-Timurid period. The first ones are produced in Paykend’s pottery workshop. The following are from the oasis region. They are characterized by the presence of the siliceous slip between the earthenware body and the glaze. This observation remains to be confirmed by laboratory tests.
More...
The finds of the so-called yurt-like structures on the sites of the forest-steppe settled population of the 5th—8th centuries are considered in this article. It is believed that these buildings reflect the contacts of steppe nomads with settled barbarians, primarily with the Slavs. Most of the structures considered — Ksizovo 19, Bogatoe, Osipovka, Dereyvka, Budishchi, Lug-I — are stationary semi-dugouts, most often of a pole-like frame structure, with or without a hearth. Such buildings may belong to the nomadic population who mastered the principles of construction of permanent housing. With the yurts, they are approximated by a rounded shape and a hearth in the center. But the Slavs throughout their history were settled people. Such structures are well known for the cultures of the Roman period, in particular for Kiev culture, which is related to the ancestors of the Slavs. It can be assumed that the rounded frame-adobe buildings with a deep foundation, known on the Slavic sites of the early Middle Ages, go back to the traditions of Kiev culture. Only one structure from the settlement of Chernechina can be attributed to the yurt-like structures from the Penkovka settlements. Perhaps it testifies to the incorporation into the Slavic environment of certain groups of nomads, passing on to settled life. Also, a structure from the settlement Stetsovka is comparable with the yurt-shaped buildings. Most likely, this settlement was populated by a mixed group — Slavic and foreigners from the south. This composition reflects a complex ethno-cultural situation that emerged in the Middle Dnieper region after disappearance of the Penkovka culture in the 630s — 660s.
More...
It is the publication of coins of the Latin Empire and Byzantium (during the rule of the Palaeologus) found in the territory between the Prut and the Dniester. There are 30 billon and copper coins, most of which date back to the reign of the Byzantine emperors Andronicus II (1282—1328) and Andronicus III (1328—1341). This period coincides with the active stage in existence of the Golden Horde settlement in Costești. The geography of the coin finds gives the basis to assume that these coins entered the region through Dobruja and further north through the Danube River in the direction of Costești. Coins of the Latin and Byzantine Empires confirm the hypothesis that there were long-term economic contacts between the Golden Horde settlements of the Prut-Dniester and the Balkan-Black Sea region in the period preceding the formation of the Moldavian state.
More...
The article presents the so called late nomadic pendent amulets from the territories on the Lower Danube. They were cast from different metal alloys. The article is supplied by a catalogue of pendants from Bulgaria, Romania and Moldova and a table with metallographic study of some of the amulets.The pendants are attributed to the late nomads: Pechenegs (Patzinak), Ouzoi, and Cumans, and are dated to the 10th—12th centuries. The author divided the pendants in three groups according to their form: 1) leaf-shaped, 2) rectangular/trapezium-shaped, 3) lunula/palmetto form.
More...
A fibula of the Bratei (Bratei-Brigetio) type was found in the Slavic settlement of Selişte. The brooches of this type are common from Gallia to Don in the Great Migration period, most finds originate from the Middle Danube basin. This clasp belongs to the female costume of the East German tradition and dates back to the middle of the 5th century. Mirror from Hansca is of the Chmi-Brigetio type, spread from the Rhine to the Caucasus to Volga-Ural region. In this case, apparently, it dates back to the 5th century (like most mirrors of this type) and is associated with the early Slavic horizon. Perhaps, its presence in the Slavic settlement marks the time of the appearance of the Slavs in the territory of Moldova.
More...
The paper examines materials of the early medieval nomadic burial from Yablunya (grave 11, barrow 11) in the Berezan river basin (North-West Black Sea region). The grave was discovered in 1974 by the Ingul expedition led by O. G. Shaposhnikova and published later by R. S. Orlov with contradictory chronological, cultural and ethnic attribution.The fact that some fragments of scabbard and hilt made of organic materials have been preserved makes it an exceptional case. Thus, it is possible to reconstruct the outlook of weapons of ordinary nomads, to study the technology of birch bark lining, stylistic details of ornament and its links with the decoration of synchronous weapons from internments of nomadic nobility. Peculiarities of this funerary rite, as a whole, and analogies to the grave goods allow us to reconsider its attribution as an early Pecheneg site of the last quarter of the 9th century and qualify grave 11 of barrow 11 near Yablunya as Sivashovka type grave dated by the 2nd half of the 7th — early 8th centuries.
More...
Pahoshcha barrow cemetery is located in the Braslau district of the Vitsebsk region of the Republic of Belarus. The study of the site was conducted throughout 2005—2009 by the archaeological expedition under the guidance of the author. Barrow 5 can be dated to the boundary of the 10th—11th centuries — the beginning or the first decades of the 11th century. The barrow contained two inhumation burials which were placed in some kind of wooden structure, probably made of boards. The main male burial is exceptionally rich in assortment of grave goods. Features of the burial rite make it possible to classify mound 5 to the circle of quasi-chamber burial antiquities of Ancient Rus.
More...
O. N. Trubachev’s hypothesis is considered in the context of modern knowledge of archaeology and history, as well as in the context of toponomic landscape of the region. The author found out that the hypothesis refers to the knowingly later historical events, compared to the time of appearance of the oikonym. So, the hypothesis needs a significant modification, at least. Basing on the analysis of the toponomic context of the region, the author suggest that the appearance of the oikonym Suzdal was caused by the first wave of Slavic migration to the Volga-Klyazma region. This migration brought a toponomic model that consists of prefix Su- and final -ь to the region. The author also suggests that appearance of Suzdal as oikonym was preceded by use of Suzdal as a hydronym (the old name of the Kamenka river, presumably) or a toponym which named a larger topographical object (Suzdal high plains as a whole).
More...