Shqiptarët në Sytë e Venecianëve në Shekujt XVI – XVIII

Author(s): Avni Saraçi / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 45/2015

The Albanian Diaspora in Venice was the second for the period they reached the la-goon and had as backbone the brotherhood of the Albanian School (La Scuola degli Albanesi), organized as a national corporation of traders and handicraftsmen, who had at their disposal a common bank. The main jobs of the Albanian Community in Venice were: the Venetian Fleet, handcraft, faith, trade, public order (the cappelletti), the schools of the Albanian humanists Marin Beçikemi and Nikollë Leonik Tomeu (well-known in Europe where was brought up the Venetian elite), editing, the chivalry of the Stratiots, the Venetian administration (including notaries, lawyers, clerks, etc) and do-mestic working. The Albanian migration founded the Albanian School in 1442, reach-ing the highest level of the arrivals in the city from 1479 to 1500 and went down slightly in the years 1500 – 1525, though preserving high rates. Towards the middle of the XVI Century, some Venetian authors gave birth to an Alba-nian literature in the city. Their novels, poems and plays whose protagonists were the Albanians and the Stratiots were written in Venetian and were marked with expressions in Albanian. The Albanians mostly concentrated in the Sestiere of Castello, in the area of the Arsenale, in the Venetin Fleet, which was at the same time the pole of the hand-craft and the Sestiere of Saint Mark, where was the port in Riva degli Schiavoni Dalmati and degli Albanesi and the trade area of Mercerie and Rialto. In fact, the Albanian Di-aspora was quite particular as far as it concerns the relations with the other communi-ties in Venice, such as of the Stratiots with the San Biaggio Church that was conferred by the Venetian Senate to the Greek Community, of some of the Moslem Albanian traders who used to live at the Fondaco of the Turks, or the Albanians of Dalmatia who were part of the Dalmatian School of Saint George.

Philippo Hainhoferio ryšiai su DLK ir lietuviðkas eilëraštis jam skirtoje knygoje Carmina gratulatoria amicorum in felicissimum iter (1617)

Author(s): Jolanta Gelumbeckaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 04/2002

Der Augsburger Patrizier Philipp Hainhofer (1578-1647) war als diplomatischer Agent für mehrere europäische Adlige tätig (u.a. für Heinrich IV. von Frankreich, Herzog Wilhelm V. von Bayern und für die Herzöge von Mecklenburg). Darüber hinaus war er als Polyglotte und Kunstsammler bekannt. 1610 begann er eine diplomatische Korrespondenz mit Herzog Philipp II. (1573-1618) von Pommern-Stettin. Durch ihn kam Hainhofer in Kontakt mit Herzog August d. J. (1579-1666) von Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Neben seinen politischen Aufgaben spielte Hainhofer eine bedeutende Rolle in der Kulturkommunikation: Er war einer der eifrigsten Bücher- und Kunstagenten. Seine Korrespondenz und die Tagebücher, die er auf den Reisen geführt hat (sog. Reiserelationen), zeugen u.a. von seinen Beziehungen zu den Adligen des Großfürstentums Litauen. 1624 berichtet er in mehreren Briefen an Herzog August über den Besuch des künftigen Königs von Polen und Großfürsten von Litauen Vladislaus Sigismund IV Vasa (1595-1648) in Augsburg. Vladislaus wurde dabei von seinem Erzieher Albertus Stanislaus Radzivilus (1593-1656), dem Kanzler Litauens, begleitet. Hainhofers briefliche Informationen über diesen Besuch ergänzen in vieler Hinsicht die Berichte von Vladislaus- Chronisten.

Keletas duomenu Michaelio Mörlino biografijai

Author(s): Vincentas Drotvinas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 04/2002

Michaelis Mörlinas (Mörlin, Mörlinus, 1641-1708) þinomas kaip Mažosios Lietuvos raštijos darbuotojas, savo poleminiame traktate Principium primarium in lingva Lithvanica iškëlæs XVII amþiaus pabaigos lietuviu bažnytiniu raštu kalbos ydas ir nurodæs bûdus jai tobulinti bei norminti. Ðis rašinys sukëlë garsià diskusijà apie Mažosios Lietuvos raštijos ugdymo perspektyvas. Mörlinas pagrástai laikomas pirmuoju kalbos kultûros teoretiku ir kalbos reformatoriumi. Jis turëjo ir sekëju (Johann à Schultzà, Jacobà Brodowská, Philippà Ruhigà), ir priešininku (Johannà Keimelá, Jacobà Perkuhnà). Apie šá rašomosios kalbos istorijai reikšmingà darbà žinojome iš Petro Joniko išsamaus perpasakojimo, kuriame svarbiausi teiginiai gausiai cituojami ir gana autentiškai perteikia veikalo turiná.

Barzdžių kaimo XVII amžiaus pavardės

Author(s): Pranas Kniūkšta / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 83/2010

The surnames of residents of the village of Barzdžiai were collected from the church records of the 17th century of Salantai Church. The following primary surnames have been established: nine male surnames include Alekstutis, Balandis, Blozeris, Gložis, Kadys, Kiaulianis, Milašius, Srutis, Vilkas; two surnames have no gender flections, namely, Benik and Lazar; three surnames are Slavonicized, namely, Kavalski, Stefanovič, Urbanovič. Six female surnames with the suffix -ienė include the following: Kidrečienė, Lekstutienė, Milašienė, Stropienė, Vilkienė, Zabitienė. Another six female surnames are Slavonicized forms, namely, Eidukova, Kiaulianova, Laiviova etc. Patronymic names with the suffixes -aitis and -aitė constitute the largest group of names in the church records – more than 40 such names were found. The total number of different primary surnames, reconstructed from female and patronymic surnames, exceed 50 items.The surnames of the village residents had completely changed before the beginning of the 20th century. None of the primary surnames of the 17th century was preserved while many of the male patronyms disappeared from use both in Barzdžiai and elsewhere. The newly inherited surnames originate from patronymic first names, e. g. Jonaitis, Petraitis etc.

Evliya Çelebi’nin Seyahatnâme’sinin ‘Menzil-i kenâr-ı Raba’ Bölümünün Üslup ve Kurgusal Özellikleri

Author(s): Gökhan Tunç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 17/2008

Evliya Çelebi’s Seyahatname has been regarded by many authors as an important work because it offers much information cultural structure and historical events of the 17th Century. In this article, however, Seyahatname will be evaluated as a literary work and its fictitious characteristics will be stressed. In this frame, style characteristics used in Seyahatname will be discussed through the concept of fiction in the light of a chapter chosen form the work. Thus, I will try to determine the elements demonstrating Evliya Çelebi’s power of expression and I will also try to show how the reality and fiction mixed in Seyahatname.

Oltu’da Arslan Paşa Külliyesi

Author(s): Ümit Kılıç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 17/2008

The Kipchaks dominated around The Corukh River in the 12th century. Also know as the “Atabegs” the Kipchak Beys maintained their administrative positions as”ocaklık” after the related region was put under the rule of the Ottoman in the 16th century. The first governor of the Atabeg family with the rank of vizier, Mehmed Arslan Pasha had a complex built in Oltu in 1664 and prepared its charter in 1666. That charter contains significant information about Mehmed Arslan Pasha and the history of Oltu.

MJERILO/KRITERIJ ISTINE

Author(s): KÂTIB ÇELEBÌ / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 28/2006

Mîzânu l-úaqq fî iþtiyâri laúaqq (Mjerilo Istine u izboru najistinitijeg) od autora HADŽDŽI HALÌFE ( ili KÂTIBA ÇELEBÌJA), završeno je u novembru 1656. godine u Istanbulu. Predstavlja sažet odgovor o zamršenim vjerskim problemima o kojima se raspravljalo tokom XVII stoljeća u Istanbulu i u Osmanskoj imperiji. HADŽDŽI HALÌFA (KÂTIB ÇELEBÌ) je živo pratio tu žučnim raspravama pocijepanu scenu i svojim djelom Mîzânu l-úaqq fî iþtiyâri l-aúaqq dao svoj doprinos razumnom i umjerenom prosuđivanju o pitanjima zbog kojih su fanatične grupe njegova vremena napadale tekije i džamije i međuse se ubijale.

Księgi "dla prostych i nieumiejętnych ludzi"

Author(s): Beata Stuchlik-Surowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

When, under the Peace of Westphalia treaties (1648) that ended the Thirty Years’ War the Habsburg rulers started to re-catholicize Silesia. The only territories which could count on their tolerance were Wroclaw and Duchies of Bydgoszcz, Legnica and Oleśnica ruled by the independent evangelical princes.

Регистри о списима великокањишког пашалука из XVII века

Author(s): Slavko Gavrilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 48/2001

Religijność mieszkańców polskich miast w świetle wybranych przekazów piśmiennictwa religijnego XVII i XVIII wieku

Author(s): Beata Łukarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The text presents the most common rites of the above mentioned period. The article is dividedinto four essential parts, namely: 1) a town in the face of threats, 2) Marian piety in a town, 3) Religiousfestivals in a town, 4) Pious foundations and confraternities in the town. Excerpts from texts of varied composition, subjects and literary value are an illustration of particular problems. The literary images the author refers to show church events which were important for the Old Polish society. They are indirect evidence that the Old Polish religious ritual with its whole diversity of common piety forms had a clear positive aspect, uniting the whole society in terms of a practiced and cultivated system of values.

Andrzej Korytko, „Na których opiera się Rzeczpospolita”. Senatorowie koronni za Władysława IV Wazy, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie, Olsztyn 2015, ss. 484.

Author(s): Zbigniew Anusik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Az újkori holland tolerancia mítosza a történettudomány újabb eredményeinek fényében

Author(s): Péter Balázs / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

Niedotrzymanie kontraktu zaręczynowego u Ormian polskich (na przykładzie procesu sądowego z 1698 roku w Stanisławowie)

Author(s): Andrzej Gliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

Cases associated with the failure to keep the terms of nuptial contracts are relevantfor the study of various aspects of the functioning of the burgher family in the Old Polish period. In Armenian records of court proceedings from Stanisławów (now: Ivano-Frankivsk) there were about a dozen of cases from which we may infer that there where situations when the terms of a contract were not kept. The position ofa woman in a family depended to a great extent on the terms of a nuptial contract.

Güney Anadolu Kıyılarında Hristiyan Korsanlar (1604-1608)

Author(s): Mikail Acıpınar / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 21/2017

The last quarter of the 16th century marks a new era for the Mediterranean. As many historians agree, this was a new era that the ‘corsair warfare’ replaced the great naval battles. Although the corsair warfare appeared in different forms, the Muslim-Christian conflict was an important phase of it. The intense anti-Ottoman attacks of different corsair groups leaded by Malta, Spain and Knights of Santo Stefano had influenced every corner of the Mediterranean. The raids of the Knights of the Order, under the disposal of the Medici Grand Dukes, reached as far as the southern coasts of Anatolia. In this study, we will focus on the raids of Christian corsairs against Southern coasts of Anatolia and especially of Knights of Santo Stefano against Ayas, Anamur, Finike and Alanya.

Curiositas i kobiety

Author(s): Joanna Partyka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2017

Since ancient times, curiosity (curiositas) was perceived as a misdeed, negative passion resulting from an irrepressible drive in the pursuit of knowledge and associated with conceit. However, its positive aspect did not go unnoticed. This was associated with moderate inquisitiveness, which did not exceed the limits of cognition, and was determined by the existing worldview (curiositas versus studiositas). There existed a conviction that women, being closer to nature and unable to control their emotions, were more likely to succumb to undesirable curiosity; the mythical Pandora and biblical Eve being cited as examples to further underscore the point. Hence, they were taught the ability to refrain from wanting to satisfy their curiosity. In spite of this, 17th century Europe witnessed the emergence of women, many of whom were authors of scholarly essays and dissertations, works of encyclopedic nature, of textbooks and manuals on natural philosophy, “books of secrets”, of women’s writing, and of poems describing the universe. In the Republic of Poland, though, this type of creative activity was, for quite some time, met with uter incomprehension or no acceptance, if not outright criticism.

Jak zostać dworzaninem Maryi…, czyli Samuela Brzeżewskiego Zaciąg dworzanów na kurię Najświętszej Królowej nieba i ziemi na kazaniu w dzień Jej narodzenia

Author(s): Dariusz Dybek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2017

Samuel Brzeżewski is a long-forgotten Polish Baroque preacher. He left behind three written sermons, of which two take on Marian themes. Among those is Zaciąg dworzanów na kurię Najświętszej Królowej nieba i ziemi […] – „The recruitment of courtiers to the curia of the Blessed Queen of heaven and earth at a sermon on the day of her birth” (transl.), written in 1644 and published in 1645. It came into existence on the occasion of the anniversary of the birth of the Mother of God and has an interesting sermon-concept form. In spite of the fact that the author reached for the expression „queen”, from time immemorial applied with reference to Mary, he combined with it an interesting fictional plot by portraying the process of the recruiting of courtiers for the court of the queen (it is one of the few Old Polish texts referring to the manner of recruitment for the court of a monarch). Closer study of various desirable features of courtiers (beauty, education, bravery) leads Brzeżewski to arrive at the conclusion that the greatest opportunities for admission to the service of the Mother of God are gifted to „bandits” (i.e. hardened sinners rejected by all) and „agonizantes” (viz. the dying) – those to whom Mary shows her kindness and magnanimity

Oblivion and vengeance: Charles II Stuart’s policy towards the republicans at the Restoration of 1660

Author(s): Paweł Kaptur / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (14)/2016

The Restoration of Charles II Stuart in 1660 was reckoned in post-revolutionary England both in terms of a long-awaited relief and an inevitable menace. The return of the exiled prince, whose father’s disgraceful decapitation in the name of law eleven years earlier marked the end of the British monarchy, must have been looked forward to by those who expected rewards for their loyalty, inflexibility and royal affiliation in the turbulent times of the Interregnum. It must have been, however, feared by those who directly contributed to issuing the death warrant on the legally ruling king and to violating the irrefutable divine right of kings. Even though Charles II’s mercy was widely known, hardly anyone expected that the restored monarch’s inborn mildness would win over his well-grounded will to revenge his father’s death and the collapse of the British monarchy. It seems that Charles II was not exceptionally vindictive and was eager to show mercy and oblivion understood as an act of amnesty to those who sided with Cromwell and Parliament but did not contribute directly to the executioner raising his axe over the royal neck. On the other hand, the country’s unstable situation and the King’s newly-built reputation required some firm-handed actions taken by the sovereign in order to prevent further rebellions or plots in the future, and to strengthen the position of the monarchy so shattered by the Civil War and the Interregnum.

17TH-CENTURY MANCHU (QING) RECORDS AS SOURCES OF MONGOLIAN HISTORY

Author(s): Cho Byounghak,Jeh Sung Hoon,Kim Kisun / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

This paper makes an attempt to call attention and point to the importance of Manchu historical records, but at the same time warns against the pitfalls of uncritical utilisation of these historical sources (the possibility of falsification and the fabrication of historical material). The authors focus on volume 20 of the 親征平定朔漠方略 Qinzhengpingdingshuo-mofanglüe (Beye dailame wargi amargi babe necihiyeme toktobuha bodogon i bithe. orici debtelin) written in Manchu. This Manchu historical document is of prime importance in the historical enquiry of the period. It gives a clear picture of the military strategy of the time and provides accurate facts concerning the exact names of persons and places, the system of administration, wartime munitions mobilisation, and much more.

Італійські професійні та любительські об’єднання як осередки концертування у XVII столітті

Author(s): Natalia Belyavina / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2012

In article the way of development of public forms of playing music on an example of activity of the Italian professional and amateur associations in XVII item is traced. The concerts centers are defined and signs which characterize primary concerts forms are revealed.

ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІСТЬ У ЛІТЕРАТУРІ: ДО ПИТАННЯ ЕВОЛЮЦІЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

Author(s): L. Reva / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 3/2014

In article by Reva L. into the cultural and civilized phone across literature are investigate the role of personality. For the example of her evolution from the beginning of the Renaissance time XVII c. to our days we are to rush to clear up why individual- personality sometimes to lose his identical, to break in globalistik process, to send away for the models of literature.