Alternativni religijski identiteti: Crkva Isusa Hrista svetaca poslednjih dana – opšti podaci i struktura organizacije

Author(s): Nina Kulenović,Danijel Sinani / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

U tekstu se predstavljaju rezultati istraživanja na projektu Ministarstva kulture i informisanja: Urbani kulturni identiteti i religioznost u Srbiji, kao i projekata Ministarstva prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja: Antropološko proučavanje Srbije – od kulturnog nasleđa do modernog društva i Transformacija kulturnih identiteta u savremenoj Srbiji i EU. Prva religijska zajednica s kojom je sprovedeno terensko istraživanje, kao i niz intervjua, jeste Crkva Isusa Hrista svetaca poslednjih dana (CIHSPD), čiji su članovi u javnosti nešto poznatiji kao mormoni. Razmatraju se opšti podaci vezani za osnivanje, učenje i praksu Crkve, kao i struktura organizacije i sveštenstva. Tekst je deo uvodne etnografije koja će biti predmet višestrukih analiza u narednim radovima.

Kratka istorija Crkve Isusa Hrista SPD u svetu i na prostoru bivše Jugoslavije

Author(s): Mladen Stajić,Nina Kulenović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Језички знак у светлу философије именославља

Author(s): Ksenija J. Končarević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Sv. Grgur čudotvorac – zaštitnik Kotromanića i srednjovjekovne Bosne

Author(s): Dubravko Lovrenović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Honouring eastern saint Gregory the Miracle-worker and his state-building role began and spread in mediaeval Bosnia through the schismatic Bosnian Church. Besides its being not papacy-approved, this saint’s recognition as patron of the ruling Kotromanić dynasty came through the establishment of the new territorial Church after the Catholic bishopric see had been transferred from Bosnia to Đakovo in the mid-thirteenth century. This means that it was an autonomous act of the then Bosnian political and ecclesiastical structures in search of a new identity (confessional) form. Thus over a 70-year span, between the bishopric see transfer from Bosnia to Đakovo and Ban Stjepan II Kotromanić’s taking power, beyond Rome’s jurisdiction, St Gregory the Miracle-worker was promoted the Kotromanićes’ patron. The new state Church of Basilian orientation and the dynastic patron whose name is incorporated in the intitulation of Ban Stjepan II, Prince Vladislaus, and Ban Tvrtko I Kotromanić are a notional pair describing the new ecclesiastical and political reality of mediaeval Bosnia and its ruling dynasty respectively. Search of the original sense of this intitulation, which according to the available sources was maintained for 40-odd years (1326/29-1370/74), leads to the Byzantine “commonwealth” area and the world of legitimistic perceptions built under the influence of Byzantine ruling titulature. When in the autumn of 1461 Pope Pius II, after unsuccessful attempts directed from Rome to establish Bosnian Bishopric, proclaimed, i.e. confirmed, St Gregory the Miracle-worker patron of the Bosnian Kingdom, ecclesiastical-political circumstances were radically different, marked by the sending of the Papal Crown to King Stjepan Tomašević (1461-1463). While St Gregory the Miracle-worker, after his official promotion, remained somehow in the background at least in contemporary documents – true, his name was permanently “built” into the court chapel at Trstivnica – another eastern saint was also given his role in the identification of the Bosnian ruling dynasty. On the coins of kings Tvrtko II Tvrtković (1421-1443) and Stjepan Tomaš (1443-1461), featuring is the figure of St Gregory of Naziansus – bishop and close associate and disciple of St Basil, one of the Eastern Church Fathers, the only one granted the title of theologian – Gregory the Theologian (329-388). This clearly points to the establishment of a cult of this (new) eastern saint related, like St Gregory the Miracle-worker’s cult, to the Bosnian Church. This will become clear especially when the figure of St Gregory, pope, instead of St Gregory of Naziansus, appears on the coins of King Tomaš after his official acceptance of Catholicism in 1445 – when one of the Eastern Church Fathers was replaced by one of the four Latin Church Fathers. This time once more arbitration was with the new ecclesiastical political paradigm represented in a new symbol. Despite the fact that after Tvrtko I its deceased kings were considered saints, mediaeval Bosnia did not develop the ideal of the king-saint in the form established in the countries of West and East-central Europe. This means that in Bosnia the king-saint ideal, like in the case of ruling intitulation referring to St Gregory the Miracle-worker, remained limited to the internal use. Thus the Bosnian ecclesiastical-political contorted paradigm becomes even more visible, and the need for its fuller scientific evaluation more pronounced.

Katolici i franjevci u srednjovjekovnoj župi (županiji) Lašva

Author(s): Milko Brkovic / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The middle-age parish and district Lašva were spread out on both sides and on the full length from the source to the mouth of the homonymous river Lašva; probably the name of the residence originates from that fact. From the 12th century and up to conquest of the Ottomans in 1463, the district Lašva was incorporated in the Bosnian State like one of the seven middle age districts composing the original Banate of Bosnia. The Bosnian Catholics were a component of the Bosnian middle-age Christians. The parishes in middle ages belonged to the Bosnian Catholic Diocese, which had existed before the question on the orthodoxy of Bosnian Christians was asked. The term Bosnian Church according to the sources is the same as the Bosnian Diocese. The Bosnian Church from the beginning belonged to the West, in other words to the Roman Church, and its bishop was the teacher of the local community as he was the bishop of Rome. When the Bosnian Christians and their bishop became suspected of heresy, in the same way the Church of Dubrovnik with its archbishop was also groundlessly suspected because allegedly he didn’t take enough care of the people when he appointed for the Bosnian bishop. There is the argument that the Bosnian Church never broke its community and connections with the Roman Church, although it was accused of being heretical. But the Bosnian Church had to suffer, to experience rejection, and even once be without its head bishop and without connection to its archdiocese community. Beginning in the 13th century, the Pope’s authoritative representatives demonstrated the orthodoxy of local Christians, but conflicts arse when the Hungarian Church and civilian authorities took e over the role of Rome. The real problems were with the liturgical language, different taxes and political aspirations of the Hungarian and Venetian authorities. The consequence was first the exclusion of the Bosnian Diocese from the jurisdiction of Dioceses Split, Bar and Dubrovnik, and subsequently replacing the residence of the Bosnian Metropolis. On one side was the weakened Bosnian Diocese and Bosnian vassal rulers, and on the other. the strong Hungarian Church and government which, after establishing of Zagreb Diocese, removing the Croatian bishop and installing a group of Hungarian people at the Archdiocese curia in Split, dividing and absorbing the Bosnian Diocese, it replaced its residence and subjugated it to the head of Hungarian Church. The Bosnian Church community kept acting outside of the official Catholic Church, which automatically subjected it to be considered disobedient to the discipline of the Catholic Church, but not to heterodoxy. The faith of the Bosnian Church is the Catholic one. There is no contemporary treatise disputing a Credo or structure of Bosnian Christians, but there are other different contemporary sources testifying almost all the truths of the Apostolic Credo. According to foreign sources, the Bosnian Christian community fell to heterodoxy, but according to the documents of Bosnian rulers and nobility, there was no heterodoxy. The middle age Scriptures of Bosnian Christians, as the Old Testament, and also the New One, have no difference in regular orthodox Biblical codex from West or East tradition. An excellent example of middle age Bosnian New Testament codex is Zbornik krstjanina Hvala from 1404 year. One bishop during the Church Council in Basel witnessed on Bosnian Christians: “When they saw me dressed in bishop suit, I could not lift my legs because of their kissing.” The Bosnian middle age Franciscans were correct Catholics and true representatives of Catholicism in Bosnia, and thus in Lašva. The well-known indiscipline and licentiousness of higher clergy in the Catholic Church in 12th and 13th century were contrasted to the simple and sincere believers in Bosnia. In historical sources there is no evidence that Franciscans tortured alleged Bosnian heretics. The official Franciscan mission in Bosnian Banate, and thus in Lašva parish, started during pope Nikola IV (1288-1292).

Ľudovít Štúr na hranici dvoch vekov

Author(s): / Language(s): Slovak

In the first part of the collective monograph its authors focused on the traditionally understood issues of the life and work of Ľudovít Štúr. They see him as a teacher, thinker, codifier of the standard language and leader of the Slovak national movement in the nineteen forties. They summarize older and bring new knowledge about his family background, political thinking, opinions on Slavonic patriotism, reflection of his figure among historians or in period lexicons. The first chapter written by Martin Kováč presents the relation of Ľ. Štúr to the Lutheran Church of the Augsburg Confession. It served to him as a platform for his fight for the revival of the Slovak nation. Štúr criticized not only a growing influence of magyarization but also of rationalism, superficiality and formalism which struck the Church. Eva Kowalská brought to the foreground the relationship between two prominent families in Uhrovec – the aristocratic family of Zays counts and teacher´s family of Samuel Štúr which the founder of Slovaks´ national movements, Ľ. Štúr, comes from. Both families were tied by personal relations which significantly changed in the course of time. The paper has been drawn up based on archival sources not used so far bringing new knowledge to clarify personal motivations, actions and attitudes of Ľudovít Štúr and his significant opponent Karol Zay. József Demmel reveals a political background of the codification of the standard Slovak language. Gyorgy Kossuth, the uncle of the Hungarian liberal politician Lajos Kossuth, played an important role in it. He belonged to a group of nobility and low nobility (zemianstvo) of the Slovak origin which refused social and political reforms and therefore from its conservative position it declared its support to the Slovak national movement. It was its influence that led Ľ. Štúr to a decision to codify a new standard language and to issue political newspapers in it. The following papers study in different optics the phenomenon of Slavonic integration. The text by Marcela Bednárová points out two major typical traits of Štúr´s concept of Slavonic idea – it is mapping the development of philosophic-mythological and socio-political opinions. According to the author both lines existed in symbiosis and without any contradictions. The paper by Karol Kantek and Eva Kowalská is about the life story of the last Štúr´s (Serbian) student and follower Kosta Kostić: it is in the form of a detective search for a forgotten figure of the past which can be interpreted in the context of inter-Slavonic relations – with ties to the Slovak, Serbian, Russian and Czech environment. Marcel Martinkovič, on the other hand, brings the reader back to the issues concerning theories, concepts and visions – he follows the development of Ľ. Štúr´s opinions on Slavonic patriotism, Europe and Russia. According to his opinion in the after-revolution period Štúr was even messianicly fixed to the Tsarist Russia seen by him as the only guarantor of a spiritual progress and freedom of the Slavs. The chapter written by Alica Kurhajcová shows a portrayal of Ľ. Štúr in Hungarian historiography at the end of the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century. The author paid attention in particular to the publications of the Hungarian historian and publicist Lajos Steier who dedicated himself to the development of the Slovak issue in Hungary. By analyzing his work she deals not only with interpretation of Štúr, his personage, characteristics and politics but also the period context. The second part of the monograph represented by a larger number of papers is aimed at the so-called second life, i.e. afterlife of Ľ. Štúr. The authors look into the phenomenon of Štúr as a symbol paying attention to its significance for the formation of (collective) historical memory and identity, its use within museum practice, school teaching, art and culture etc. The chapter written by Jana Pácalová deals with the formation of the picture of Ľ. Štúr in the second half of the 19th century. It follows rhetoric and narrative strategies in journalism and in the selected memoire texts of his contemporaries with respect to the categories of memory, identity and subject. It is focused on the reconstruction of Štúr´s biography according to the social demand with the aim to institutionalize collective memory of Štúr. The biography of Ľ. Štúr written by his close associate and friend Jozef Miloslav Hurban of 1881 – 1884 can be considered as such text. Sylvia Hrdlovičová deals with the planning, implementation and placement of two gravestones to the grave of Ľudovít Štúr in the cemetery in Modra. The first gravestone was fixed and funded from the national collection in 1872 and the second one, a complex sepulchral site was definitely completed in 1964. The paper pays attention to public manifestation gatherings at the grave, celebrations of Štúr after 1918 and creation of other memorials devoted to Ľ. Štúr in the territory of Modra. The chapter of Daniela Kodajová is similarly focused and it analyzes celebrations and commemoration ceremonies related to the personage of Ľ. Štúr. The author attaches a big national-identification and national-integration importance to them. Peter Macho concentrated in this regard on a concrete personality as a public speaker at celebrations devoted to Štúr: he analyzes messages of ceremonial speeches and lectures of Bishop Samuel Štefan Osuský who was also the chairman of the Štúr Lutheran Society. Ľuboš Kačírek gives insight into the beginnings of the formation of Slovak collecting aimed at the personality of Ľ. Štúr, collecting of tangible relics related to his personality from the nineteen sixties within the Matica slovenská (Slovak Source) and Slovak Museum Society. In 1965, at the occasion of celebrations of his 150th anniversary, museums of Ľ. Štúr were founded in Uhrovec and Modra. This period covers also the construction of a memorial Štúr log cabin in Kohlwald in the Levočská valley and its exhibition was opened to the public only in May 1974. Further development of museum exhibitions related to the Štúr generation was initiated by the Matica slovenská and its department Slovak Literature Memorial (later the Literature-Museum Department). According to Beáta Mihalkovičová the foundation of Ľ. Štúr Museum in Modra was affected from the very beginning by a struggle for its character and priority orientation. The town of Modra suggested that a district museum of national history should be established and named by Ľ. Štúr but the academia and scientists, on the other hand, planned the foundation of a specialized personal museum of national significance devoted exclusively to Ľ. Štúr. The conflict lasted for several years and ended by a compromise. There was another conflict with regard to the concept of presentation of Ľudovít Štúr, whether the exhibition should concentrate only on the personality of Štúr or it should be placed into a quite broad literary and language context. Jozef Ambruš stood behind the birth of the museum, designed the introductory exhibition, as well as the libretto and scenario of the first permanent exhibition, however, it was implemented according to the scenario of Imrich Sedlák and lasted from 1978 to 2006. Adelaida Mezeiová analyzed Slovak language and literature textbook for secondary schools. The textbooks supported the creation of the portrayal of Ľ. Štúr as an ideal, charismatic leader, great organizer of the national life, excellent linguist and a man devoted to higher goals ready to give up his personal life in favour of a lofty ideal. The textbooks compared proved the thesis that the subject of Slovak language at school education had the effect of a state-forming and nation-forming subject and was prioritized within the system of school subjects. According to Juliana Beňová, Ľ. Štúr played an important role in the activities of Slovak non-professional actors in the mid-19th century. He supported theatre also in his newspapers, published theatre critical reviews and art news. He appeared on the stage of professional theatre in the 20th century as a drama character. Not only his fate but also the lives of other protagonists of the national history revived on the stage while their creators presented them in various ways – from a traditional visualisation of the personality through accentuation of mysterious life moments up to reinterpretation and demystification of the fates of Slovak Romanticists. In her paper, Katarína Beňová deals with the portraying of Ľ. Štúr, his followers and other representatives of nationally active intelligentsia by Slovak artists (Jozef Božetech Klemens, Peter Michal Bohúň) while she emphasizes the ties of Slovak painters with the Czech patriotic environment of the 19th century. It shows, inter alia, a so far unknown portrait of Jozef Miloslav Hurban from Hungarian collections. Zbyšek Šustek maps the figure of Ľ. Štúr from numismatic point of view. It was for the first time that Martin Benka chose Štúr as a leitmotif on several designs of a twenty crown note in the early nineteen forties. It was for composition reason that his portrait was finally placed on a ten crown note in 1944. Later on he was portrayed on two commemorative coins and two banknotes. During the process of their preparation, however, he appeared on a large number of ideological designs of a legal tender. Štúr also appeared as a frequent motif of the designs of themes for the Slovak side of euro coins, however, other motifs won in the public survey. Commemorative and numismatic coins issued at the occasion of his bicentennial celebration in 2015 was the last opportunity to portray him on a legal tender.

Ľudovít Štúr a Evanjelická cirkev a. v. ako prirodzená platforma pre realizovanie jeho zápasu o povznesenie slovenského národa

Author(s): Martin Kováč / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Evanjelická cirkev augsburského vyznania a jej dejiny tvoria neoddeliteľnú súčasť dejín Slovenska. Zďaleka to nie sú len dejiny každodenné- ho života slovenského národného spoločenstva. V niektorých periódach sa až pozoruhodne prepletajú s politickými, vojenskými, kultúrnymi, či dokonca hospodárskymi dejinami Slovenska. Pri historickom bádaní je dôležité sledovať všetky súvislosti – nielen politické, sociálne, kultúrne, filozofické, teologické, prírodné, ale aj osobné príbehy ľudí a mnohé iné aspekty minulosti, pretože všetky vytvárali vzájomnými interakciami špecifické prostredie. Toto prostredie limitovalo, usmerňovalo a miestami doslova predurčovalo konanie historických osobností, ktoré ho ná- sledne ohýbali, pretvárali a tým pripravovali opäť novú pôdu so starými problémami svojim nasledovníkom. Tieto mnohé interakcie nie je ľahké sledovať, ale keď sa o to človek usiluje, spravidla sa prepracúva k oveľa plastickejšiemu obrazu toho, čo sa v dejinách naozaj odohralo.

Audiatur et altera pars: Vzťahy a prepojenia rodín Zayovcov a Štúrovcov

Author(s): Ewa Kowalská / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Karol Zay je „obľúbenou negatívnou“ postavou historikov, démonizovaným protivníkom Ľudovíta Štúra, kvôli ktorému mal nepríjemnosti na prešporskom evanjelickom lýceu a musel ho následne opustiť. Jeho spisy a aktivity v rámci príprav reforiem evanjelickej cirkvi augsburského vyznania popudili najmä Jozefa Miloslava Hurbana, ktorý sa s ním dostal do ostrého konfliktu a viackrát s ním polemizoval. Celá komplexná osobnosť, akou je napokon každý človek, sa „zhutnila“ do niekoľkých charakteristík a predstavuje stelesnenie zla a hrozby pre celú evanjelickú cirkev, je redukovaná na symbol, stojaci v opozícii voči celému slovenskému národnému hnutiu v 30. – 40. rokoch 19. storočia a čiastočne aj v rokoch po revolúcii. Každá, aj negatívne vnímaná historická postava si však zaslúži podrobnejšiu analýzu, vysvetlenie možných motivácií jej činov, postojov a kontextov, v ktorých pôsobila. Časový odstup dvesto rokov je už dostatočný na to, aby sa aj (prinajmenej takto vnímané) citlivé otázky stali predmetom bádania, pri ktorom historika vedie nie snaha o obnovenie a upevnenie zažitého klišé, ale jednoducho o pochopenie človeka konajúceho v istých mentálnych rámcoch, dobových pomeroch a medziľudských konšteláciách. Namieste je teda pripomenutie si starej zásady rímskeho práva, ktorá priznáva nárok na vypočutie aj druhej strany, akokoľvek sa nám jej argumenty alebo skutky nemusia pozdávať. Z takejto perspektívy sa preto pokúsim priblížiť nielen Karola Zayho, najviac spätého s Ľudovítom Štúrom, ale aj celú zayovskú rodinu, v ktorej sa (spolu)formovali jeho názory a v prospech ktorej podnikal aj mnohé svoje kroky. Je dôležité bližšie spoznať práve najužšie, teda domáce prostredie protagonistov významných spoločenských procesov, keďže významne prispieva k utváraniu charakteru a postojov potomkov.

Механика срещу символика. Генезисът на новоевропейския историзъм

Author(s): Georgi Kapriev / Language(s): Bulgarian

This book interprets, from a philosophical perspective, the changes in the historical thinking of Western European culture in the period of XII-XIII. At that time, under the pressure of the powerful mental and social coups, the process of distancing between the historical and the metaphysical: the separation between the history and the philosophy of history takes place. The naturalization of history and therefore the inevitable favoritism of the methodologies, typical for modernism, are reflected in the positive-mechanistic approach to the "historical". The analysis tracks the transformation of the "searching and viewing" of history, along with the fundamental notions: time, place, image, essence. The new thinking of history produces phenomena that are accepted today as "natural". These include the introduction of history into the corpus of science and the "birth of the author".

Church Dynamics and Rural Development: The Case of the Baptist Churches in Romania

Author(s): Daniel Fodorean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Holistic development of a society can also be defined as the study of the relationships between urban and rural sociologic contexts. This paper asserts that one of the contemporary imbalances that exist in the Romanian society is related to the difference between fairly large urban setting and the rural one. This imbalance manifests itself both in social, economic, emotional and religious aspects. In general, Romanian village has been affected by all these changes that took place in Romania during the most recent years. Therefore, a holistic development of the national society would mean the narrowing of this gap through a combination between foreign investment in the villages and the existing resources provided by the inhabitants of the villages. As an intervening variable, this paper analyzes what the Church is able to do to support rural development. What should be done to change the dynamics of rural Churches? In answering these questions, this article focuses exclusively on the presence of Baptist Churches in rural areas, based on my own research and personal involvement. The article will also outline some of the most influential factors that affect the rural development; particularly the strategy for revitalization of the Baptist churches in order to bring a positive contribution to social rural development. KEY WORDS: Rural Development, Church Dynamics, Baptist Church

Features of Karl Barth’s Theology of the Word of God

Author(s): Daniel G. Oprean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this article is that of exploring the features of Karl Barth’s theology of the Word of God. Starting with the way Barth sees the forms of the Word of God and their indissoluble unity and continuing with way Barth sees the nature of the Word of God, the analysis will show the features of Barth’s thought about the Word of God as a witness to the revelation of God, as constitutive for the life of the Church and as paramount for the proclamation of the Church. Moreover, the analysis will reveal the way in which argues the fact that the Word of God is the medium in which the knowledge of God, is possible to the believer as an individual and for the Christian community as well.

Proceedings of the 21st International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This publication presents the proceedings of the 21st International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities held online on March 1-2, 2021. The Conference was organized by Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.

Methods and Means Used for the Religious Education of Neo-Protestant Children and Youngsters in Communist Romania

Author(s): Ciprian Corneliu Ciurea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Through the laicisation of education in communist Romania, the education and training of the young generation has become the exclusive competence of the socialist state. Through school, the communists had, as their main objective, the education of children and young people in the spirit of material-scientific conception of the world and life. The monopolization of the media, the introduction of materials that favor atheism in the analytical curriculum, and the carrying out of performances in which the main Christian celebrations were caricatured, were just some of the methods of actively implementing the creation of the “new man”.

Meanings of the Sabbath Revisited: Time and Space, Presence and Dwelling

Author(s): Beniamin Laurențiu Chircan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The seventh day of creation is the day of the Presence, the day of God’s dwelling with the created world. The Sabbath becomes the reverberation of this reality. However, are there levels of access that can be discerned in the sabbatical experience? Regarding the Sabbath as sacred time, we can distinguish at least two levels or stages of proximity, one general and the other one special. These stages can be delineated more precisely if we first identify them in space before tracing them in time. Thus, starting off from the general stage of the Presence and further building on it, both the meeting and the fellowship comprise together the superior, ultimate stage – the Holy Grail of the sabbatical experience. The full experience that is referred to is expressed in the text in terms of “rest.”

Hate - Between Good and Evil

Author(s): Virgil GURALIVU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Is hate bad? Can hatred have good values for man and society? When it is born from deep, religious beliefs, is society entitled to question the source of this hatred, even if it is a religious system of any kind? Is Christianity a promoter of hatred? What does the Bible say and what did history say? How to harmonize the commandments that promote love, the care for ones neighbour with those that promote the opposite, namely hatred. Hate as well as love is not only a simple human feeling but also a choice that can become a way of life, that can shape destinies. Man is a sociable being, through his own construction he becomes a vector of feelings and decisions for those around him. For this reason, society can be loaded with love or hate and in the end, can be characterized by one of them. But for the current analysis, the question is: can hatred be good?

Společný vzdělávací program přeshraničního exkurzního vyučování jako podpora výchovy k občanství: Sborník z konference. 14. a 15. listopadu 2018, Skalica – Hodonín

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

The following work, denominated Joint Learning Program for Cross-Border Educational Excursion as a Support for the Understanding of Citizenship, takes shape of an international convention compilation. The aforementioned convention took place in Hodonín (CZ) and Skalica (SK) 14 and 15 November 2018. The individual contributions within the compilation are the outcome of an individual research, documenting the cultural and historical specifics of the bordering regions of the Czech and Slovak Republics. The structure of the compilation follows the principle of multifield analysis and subsequent multifield studies deal with regional specifics and minutiae. The scientific contributions are intended for university professors, students and other professionals. Published papers are also intended for public use in the domains such as education, culture, and tourism.

Societas Classica. Култури и религии на Балканите, в Средиземноморието и Изтока. Том 9

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian,Greek, Modern (1453-)

𝑆𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑎 is a multilingual collection of papers presented at the international scientific conference that has been organized by the Department of Classical and Eastern Languages ​​and Cultures of St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo (Bulgaria) since 2002. Until 2015, the conference was held annually. Since 2018, it is held once every two years. St Cyril and St Methodius University Press issues the collection within the Dr. Nicola Piccolo series. The wide range of topics and the opportunity for authors to submit their academic publications in the original language attracts researchers from all over the world.

Oliver Jens Schmitt, Biserica de stat sau biserica în stat? O istorie a Bisericii Ortodoxe Române (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2023), 457p.

Author(s): SZABÓ Csaba,Dragoş Ursu / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Echoes

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Шедьовърът на Руставели – ренесансова поема или средновековен роман?

Author(s): Yordan Lyutskanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article introduces to the late medieval romance in verse Vepkhistq’aosani by Shota Rustaveli – the central artefact in Georgian cultural self-awareness and the top item of ‘high’ Georgian cultural export. It briefly presents its narrative content, indicating the correlation of two plot-lines (initially through enframing, after some point though horizontal interlacing). It briefly introduces to the main fluctuations and 20th-century tendency in translating the work’s title, interpreting the fluctuations as indicative of aesthetic differences, and the tendency as an indication of the ‘cultural market’ success of the Soviet-Georgian (in its ideological and aesthetical basis –a Stalinist and socialist-realist) image of Rustaveli’s masterpiece. It presents two influential to dominant claims of Georgian Rustvelology – that the work is a poema (and not a novel/romance) and that it displays, at least partially, Renaissance outlook and poetics, – considering these claims as tools (1) of Soviet “Culture Two” to allot a proper place to Georgian nation within the alternative modernity of the USSR and its premodern background-under-construction, and (2) of Soviet-Georgian cultural nationalism to define a usable past in post-Soviet conditions; and (3) as beliefs. It revitalises the option to contextualise the work of Rustaveli (and, indirectly, Georgian cultural identity) in non-Eurocentric terms, providing some factographic and theoretic clues from the field of macrohistory (J. Abu-Lughod et al.) and a methodological one from sociology of arts (P. Bourdieu).