„Katalikiškoji dauguma“ Lietuvoje kintančios religinės situacijos kontekste. Religinio pragmatizmo koncepcijos formulavimas

Author(s): Aušra Pažeraite / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 1/2014

Straipsnyje keliama šiandien aktuali teorinė religijotyros problema, kaip konceptualizuoti daugelyje šiuolaikinių visuomenių pastebimą įsigalėjusių religijų ir visuomenės santykių ambivalentiškumą, kai, viena vertus, akivaizdus didelės dalies atotrūkis kasdienybėje tarp religinės tapatybės ir praktikos bei tikėjimų, kita vertus, vis atsinaujinantis religijos prestižas ir įtaka. Tarpdisciplininės kritinės diskurso analizės metodu analizuojant viešąjį diskursą Lietuvoje, kai kurių akademinių publikacijų konceptualius siūlymus, kritikuojama normatyvinė perspektyva, kurioje didžioji dauguma katalikiška save laikančios visuomenės yra vertinama per normatyvinę katalikybės (ir bendrai religijos) sampratą, leidžiančią kvestionuoti šios daugumos katalikiškumą, arba, priešingai, priimant katalikišką tapatybę kaip savaime suprantamą dalykų tvarką, kvestionuojama kitokios religijos pasirinkimo egzistencinio apsisprendimo galimybė, kaip ir tuo atveju, kai šitokia nuostata kvestionuojama kaip hegemoniška, bet pasirinkimas konceptualizuojamas per laisvosios rinkos metaforą. In the article an actual theoretical problem in religious studies is posed, such as how should we conceptualise the certain ambivalence of relationships of large societies to religion observed in many modern societies with a significant gap between everyday life and religious identity, practices and beliefs, also between the resurgence in religious prestige and political influence. Analysing the public discourse in Lithuania, some conceptual proposals in Lithuanian academic publications using the method of interdisciplinary critical discourse analysis, the normative perspective in which the catholicity of the vast majority of Catholic society in Lithuania is questioned. Yet upholding the Catholic identity by that majority as a natural order of things, enabling that majority to question the possibility of a serious existential choice of a different religion, is criticized as hegemonic in both cases. In the case of academic criticism of this kind of hegemony, the choice of religion is conceptualized through the free market metaphor. In this article Catholic hegemony in Lithuania is designated through the very identity of that majority of people, and that this hegemonic consciousness enables them in general to maintain their everyday life, beliefs and practices out of the direct reach of existential searching, to maintain their religious indolence, and at the same time to perceive itself as constituting the normative majority. This type of religious attitude is defined here as pragmatic, and pragmatism is defined as maintaining religious identity and belonging to a religious institution for reasons other than existential concerns, including those that provide some social and/or symbolic benefits, and/or additional benefices associated with the ultimate “guarantees”.

„Kauno istorijos“ pirmojo tomo sutiktuvės rotušėje

Author(s): Laima Buceviciute / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 54/2010

2010 m. kovo 30 d. popietę Kauno miesto širdyje – Rotušėje – įvykęs prof. Zigmanto Kiaupos knygos „Kauno istorija“ pirmojo tomo pristatymas, regis, turėtų išsklaidyti prieš dvylika metų „Kauno istorijos metraščio“ pirmajame tome prof. Egidijaus Aleksandravičiaus iškeltame klausime slypėjusį rūpestį: kodėl buvo užmiršta Kauno istorija? Anuomet pretenzingai nuskambėjęs klausimas ir provokacija imtis laikinosios sostinės istorinių tyrimų lūkesčius išpildė su kaupu: 13 Kauno istorijai skirtų konferencijų ir 10 „Kauno istorijos metraščio“ tomų. O štai šiandien šio darbo tąsa ir tiltas į Kauno ateities tyrimų erdvę – kauniečiai ir ne tik jie supažindinami su akademine Kauno istorija, liudijančia autoriaus kruopščių tyrinėjimų bei ilgo darbo rezultatus.

„KONSERWATYWNY ANTYMODERNISTA" SZKIC NA MARGINESIE WYKŁADÓW O SZTUCE JAKOBA BURCKHARDTA

Author(s): Urszula Kowalczuk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01/2011

The comments recorded in the text The ‘conservative antimodernist’. Notes on the margin of ‘The lectures of art’ by Jacob Burckhardt focus on Burckhardt’s lectures (1847–1887) translated and published by Ryszard Kasperowicz and refer to different variations of connections between a historian’s views on the domain of the history of art and cultural history. The main purpose of the sketch is to present the distinguished humanist as an insightful critic of modernity, set him in the middle of the most important problems of the second half of 19th century’s culture and strategy of their solutions. The Burckhardt’s judgements reconstruction allows to compare him with well-known contemporary critics of culture – first of all with Baudelaire, Pater, Ruskin.

„Kształtowanie kobiecości” w wybranych czasopismach dla dziewcząt. Rekonesans.

Author(s): Justyna Dobrolowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 04/2010

The article brings up the problem of shaping cultural sex in the world dominated by mass media and popular culture. The author analyses three year’s issues of popular magazines for girls at different age: “Księżniczka”, “13. Magazyn Szczęśliwej Nastolatki”, “Dziewczyna” and she shows the model of femininity which is promoted in magazines for children and youth, the examples and values which are recommended and propagated among girls. Trans. A. Gierba

„KTO CHCE MALOWAĆ ŚWIAT W BARWNEJ POSTACI”? MALARSTWO W ŚWIECIE CZESŁAWA MIŁOSZA

Author(s): Michal Mrugalski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01/2005

Martin Heidegger is commonly considered related to Czesław Miłosz. The author draws conclusions from this assumption. Reading The World referring to Heidegger’s Source of a Piece of Art by Heidegger, he exposes an ironic tension between the poems on faith, hope and love on the one hand and the poems on pieces of art on the other. They both are contradictory. Lyrical reflections deny the philosopher’s thought, while ekfrases come close to Heidegger’s Source... — a major 20th-century work studying truth-art relations. Yet, what brings Miłosz’s poetry close to Heidegger’s philosophy is the conflict within the poem.

„KULTURA” I ROK 1968

Author(s): Andrzej Stanislaw Kowalczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 05/2007

We have become used to analyzing 1968 events from the State, if not Warsaw, point of view. Yet, the contestant and opposition movement was connected with emigration political centre – Jerzy Giedroyc Literary Institute in Maisons-Laffitte near Paris. The editor of ‘Kultura’ had his own vision of East- and Mid-European evolution. He led his game with the totalitarian regime in Poland, attempting to transform it into a democratic system. The article describes Giedroyc’s strategy of the second half of the sixties, his efforts to influence events in Poland, and publications in the monthly ‘Kultura’ immediately connected with PZPR’s anti-Semitism and Polish-Israeli relationships.

„Kulturní cena Karla IV. bude udělována osobnostem, které se zasloužily o porozumění mezi Německem a Českou republikou“

Author(s): David Papajík / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2010

Interview with Mrs Věra Blažková

„Legmélyebb bugyraimban” (Ál-Alexandriai Euszebiosz, az ördög, a pokol és a zsidók)

Author(s): Gyula Vattamány / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 07/2008

„Małe satelity na kółkach”, czyli o historii i współczesnej działalności bibliotek ruchomych

Author(s): Malgorzata Fedorowicz-Kruszewska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2012

The article describes a specific form of library and information services available to the public - the mobile library. It discusses the history and development of the mobile library, types of mobile libraries and how they are used. The article looks at the kinds of collections on offer, facilities available, what means are used to transport library stock and how the service is organised. Also, what qualifications are needed to work in these institutions and the duties the staff carries out on a daily basis.

„Malowana wieś” Zalipie jako przejaw turystyki etnograficznej na Powiślu Dąbrowskim

Author(s): Magdalena Wozniczko,Dominik Orlowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

This paper presents a problem associated with the heritage of folk culture in southern Poland, namely, a custom that originates from the late nineteenth century and involves painting buildings, farms and environmental elements as well as residential interiors in original, colorful floral designs. The article explains the concept of nature and forms of ethnographic tourism. Then it focuses on Zalipian folk art – a living tradition representing the region of Powiśle Dąbrowskie – which attracts a great interest of tourists from home and abroad. The genesis of Zalipian painting and the “painted village” of Zalipie as an ethnographic tourism attraction in Powiśle Dąbrowskie are presented and discussed.

„MEIN SCHÖNES DEUTSCH“ SAGT SIE DANN MANCHMAL. ZUM GESPRÄCH MIT DER NATIONAL INSTABILEN AUTORIN ZSUZSANNA GAHSE

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Gahse / Language(s): German / Issue: 14/2008

„Mert állítom, árnyékos”- Mi a magyar?

Author(s): Csaba Dupcsik / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 04/2006

„MI” i „ONI” u diskursu ratnog izveštavanja

Author(s): Miloš Pankov / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 08/2008

Although several studies in Serbia have dealt with the role of the media in the wars in the former Yugoslavia, it turned out that a more comprehensive analysis of the war reporting discourse requires a comparative study of several war conflicts in a similar media context. The article explors discourse-language characteristics used in the media to develope empa¬thy with one side of the conflict and negative representation of the other side on the example of the three war conflicts in the former Yugoslavia. The analysed corpus of texts consists of parts of television programs and newspaper articles of the media close to the state structures whose military formations were involved in the conflict. The text and television bulletin are the basic units of analysis, with critical discourse analysis theoretical aproach. According to the analysis of the position of participants and actions in the conflict and determining their semantic position in relation to the deictic center of the journalist speaker, it has been found that during the first conflict analysed, the Ten-day War in Slovenia, both televisions were gradually building an attitude towards one of the sides in the conflict, as if it being a part of their own identity. The war propaganda mechanisms were used in the complete reporting about the Marcale Masacre, by means of which alongside the war formations the whole na¬tions were designated as enemies, with numerous examples of ethnicism in language. A similar treatment of the opposite side has been noticed in the third study, Operation Storm, but a critical approach was also made on the position of the Serbian media towards one of the groups of participants in the conflict (military and political leaders of rebelian Serbs), up to that time an integral part of the Serbian side, alongside the policy of the media which no longer gave full support to the continuation of the war. On the level of the language structure, there are marked categories which have been noticed, depending on their use with the aim to express a subjective attitude towards a group of participants. Typical means of favouring are: positive qualificatives, hyperbolic expressions, euphemisms, modal verbs and passive constructions, while for disqualification negative qualificatives, as well as abusive expressions and pejoratives are applied.

„MIŁOŚĆ” I CAŁA „RESZTA” 24 KOCHANKÓW PERDITY LOOST JANA BRZĘKOWSKIEGO

Author(s): Aleksander Wójtowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 04/2008

24 kochanków Perdity Loost (24 Perdita Loost’s Lovers) by Jan Brzękowski is a novel in which avant-garde experiments mix with problems which are typical of modern-times literature. Parodistically referring to various popular literary conventions and film motives, the writer created a form built analogically to a painting collage, similar to the one worked out by French surrealists (André Breton, Louis Aragon, Philippe Soupault). He used it to formulate an assumption that ‘love’ in its conventional meaning is, in fact, a bunch of complex sensations and emotions.

„Modern aus Tradition“. Ansichten zu den Kulturen der Roma/Zigeuner. Konzept zu einer Sonderausstellung im Sorbischen Museum Bautzen

Author(s): Jan Bart,Theresa Jacobs,Fabian Jacobs / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2009

„Moje przodki żyli zdies’ kak Poljaki…”. Współczesne inskrypcje nagrobkowe cmentarza na Grzywie w Dyneburgu jako przyczynek do rozważań nad kryteriami

Author(s): Robert Zawisza / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 02/2013

The memorial inscriptions found in the Griva cemetery in Daugavpils [Latvia] are a valuable source for scientific research on borderland communities. As well as being a multilingual region the Daugavpils area is characterized by mixed marriages, particularly between people of Polish and Russian origin. The religion of those who have deceased is of the most lasting importance; that which is understood as passed down from generation to generation. The language used in the inscriptions is the result of a complex decision-making process. This takes into account not only religious and national identity but also the will of the deceased, their place of burial and local traditions.

„Most íme, itt az írott önarckép”

Author(s): Ágota Ladó / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 04/2015

„NA POCZĄTKU BYŁO SŁOWO...” PARADOKS SŁOWA I EGZYSTENCJI W WYBRANYCH OPOWIADANIACH JELENY DOŁGOPIAT

Author(s): Urszula Trojanowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 02/2009

The problem of human existence in the contemporary world seems to be one of the most crucial issues, according to the contemporary writer from Moscow, Elena Dolgopiat. In almost all of her short stories, human existence is an indefinite value, uncertain and transitory. The characters are lost among memories of the past (which might have never existed), fiction and reality (of which they can never be sure). Moving around between various time and space levels as well as searching for their own place in the world makes them tenants of the world, who can never feel at home there. Being lost develops permanent lack of intimacy, they can always be overheard or peeped. Such vision of human existence corresponds to the postmodernist way of world perception as a text, also proved by the specific attitude of Dolgopiat towards the meaning of the word. In the analyzed texts, it becomes a means of creation of one’s own or someone else’s existence and has the special power to change the man into a demiurge. On the other hand, the word makes the man vulnerable, imprisoning him within the space of a specific fate, which he cannot abandon, as it is impossible to take back the word. It may also make interpersonal relationships difficult, lead to misunderstandings or evoke the strong fear of responsibility connected with saying out the word. The article is an attempt to illustrate the paradoxical relation between the word and human existence, exemplified by selected short stories by Elena Dolgopiat.

„National cultural rlements„ and advertising the international tourism in the Soviet tourist agencies during the Brezhnev era 1964-1984

Author(s): Sergei Zhuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 36/2010

Using the archival documents and personal interviews as historical sources, this essay analyzes the ideological problems of advertising international tourism in the main travel agencies of the Soviet Union during the Brezhnev era, 1964-84. These agencies, Inturist, a Tourist Department of the Soviet Trade Unions and a Communist Youth League’s organization Sputnik, encountered problems with advertising from the early beginning of their history. In the 1960s and the 70s they created special departments responsible for propaganda and advertising or advertising and mass media in Inturist. On the one hand, these tourist agencies had to provide interesting information to attract more Soviet and foreign tourists and more financial sources. On the other hand, the most attractive elements in advertising Soviet tourism were various national elements of different Soviet nationalities, including their costumes, music and handicrafts. As a result, such efforts exposed the limits of Soviet cultural homogenization project during the stage of developed socialism. In practice, it led to serious problems for the representatives of the Soviet tourist agencies in foreign countries. The most dangerous problem was nationalism. The essay explores how the problems of national identity were tied to advertising Soviet Union travel to foreign tourists as a new strategy of the Soviet tourist agencies during late socialism before perestroika. Despite strict KGB and ideological regulations, new “national” forms of advertising such as folk music survived after 1984 and contributed to expansion of tourism, which brought increased profits and influence to the leaders of the local tourist agencies.

„Neamul Românesc” – un ziar al istoriei românilor

Author(s): Dorina N. Rusu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 07/2004

La gazette Neamul Românesc (Le Peuple Roumain) a été fondé par le grand historien Nicolae Iorga et a paru sans interroption entre 1906 et 1940. Elle a publié nombreux articles sur les principaux événiments sur l’histoire des Roumains, qui sont mentionés et commentés dans notre étude.