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The aim of this paper is to discuss urban renewal policy implemented in France over the 20th and the 21st century. Referring to selected examples from the agglomeration of Paris, special attention is paid to the social dimension of urban renewal. The diversified tools in the field of urbanism and contract policy led to vertical and horizontal cooperation between different entities. The key element was the differentiation of housing supply, especially in the case of apartments for rent. In the areas with better potential and likely to become more multi-dimensionally attractive, the effects of renewal were more spectacular, whereas urban renovation carried out in deprived areas still brings mixed outcomes.
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Referring to three case studies, the author makes an attempt to understand the basis of conflicts concerning changes in school catchment areas in rural districts of Poland, and the importance of the implemented changes for local authorities, parents, and rural communities. The research shows that such conflicts arise from misunderstandings between parents and local authorities concerning the essence of new assignments to catchment areas, irrespective of the fact whether schools were closed or not. Additionally, changing school catchment zones resulted in each of the cases in the parents’ increased activity when choosing a school, and made them feel that rural areas were marginalized.
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The paper focuses on the most significant space management instruments, i.e. local zoning plans. The authors’ purpose is to determine whether and to what extent spatial development is constrained by environmental and nature protection provisions included in local plans. The research has been conducted on the planning documents from the area of the West Pomeranian region. The contents of all local development spatial plans from 2013 have been analyzed, i.e. 92 plans, including 78 adopted in rural and rural-urban communities, and 14 in towns with county rights.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze cities’ promotion and information policy regarding the development of economic activity. The study was carried out in the form of electronic audit and evaluation of the official websites of 306 cities in Poland. On this basis, promotion and information policy was assessed and its spatial diversity analyzed. The analysis revealed significant diversity of actual involvement of local self-governments in enhancing investment attractiveness of cities. It seems that in most cases such policy either does not exist at all, or is hardly implemented. The study also shows a lack of cohesion as well as temporariness of marketing activities undertaken.
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The analysis of Russian and English-speaking teachers and scientists’ experience in scientific writing teaching to non-native speakers, as well as the author’s experience to teach the members of Petrozavodsk state university faculty showed that the most common methodological approaches are linguistic (based on lexis and grammar study) and cognitive ones, the latter including four stages of material learning: familiarization → drill → use → control. English-speaking methodologists apply learner-centered approach, as well as a cognitive one. The author comes to the conclusion that a lingua-cultural approach focusing on the formation of a secondary linguistic personality should be added to the approaches mentioned above.
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The article addresses the issue of large infrastructure projects and discusses lessons learnt and best practices developed in this area. The paper begins with highlighting the importance of such projects for the economy and reviewing future needs for transport investment. Next, the case studies from the Netherlands (Betuweroute railway line), the United Kingdom (West Coast Main Line) and Slovakia (Bratislava ring road) are presented. In conclusion, the author discusses how decision makers might benefit from best practices in large infrastructure projects management.
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This article provides an overview of challenges facing the Polish power industry. The author claims that the investments in new electricity production assets and capacity of transmission systems are of crucial importance. Development of electricity markets by introducing the capacity market, development of electricity and gas transmission systems that allow wide use of pipe gas as fuel in power stations are necessary to that end as well. The article begins with information on legal framework of energy market (including unbundling process and its results). Next, plans and prospects for future development of power industry in Poland are presented.
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In this article the author introduces the issue of electronic road toll service, i.e. a system designed to finance road infrastructure costs and to collect road usage fees. The first section looks at the EU legislation and standards concerning collecting road toll. Next, the author introduces various types of road tolls across the EU member states. In the final section various electronic road toll systems are described and compared in terms of various aspects of usage and fares charged.
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The article discusses legal framework, structural aspects and proposals for future development of the Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T), i.e. a planned set of road, rail, air and water transport networks in Europe that is of fundamental importance to the free movement of citizens and goods. The author describes current involvement of Poland in the TEN-T, presents obstacles and introduces challenges related to our participation in the evolution of the European single transport area in the forthcoming decades.
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The objective of this article is to examine sources of financing road transport infrastructure in Poland. In the first section, the author compares expenses incurred on the road infrastructure by the Polish government and local-government with other EU member states’ expenses. The second section focuses on legal framework for financing road transport infrastructure. The final section contains an analysis of public expenditures on development of the road network in Poland (it covers 2008–2011 years and is conducted on the basis of public statistics).
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The aim of this paper is to explore factors influencing development of the rail transport in Europe. The article first discusses the importance of railway network for the economy. Next, the financing of railway infrastructure projects is covered. In the following section, the European railway transport policy and the relevant EU legislation concerning rail transport are introduced. In the summary, the author assesses the mentioned European policy and explains why it has failed.
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The paper provides an analysis of telecommunication infrastructure development during the period of political transition in Poland. Legal, regulatory and technological aspects are covered. The author also mentions the electronic media and the role of IT systems in the context of telecommunication services. Special attention is given to development of the broadband infrastructure, particularly high-speed internet and broadband connection.
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The aesthetical dimension of personality is the most disfavored in the context of the contemporary school. However, the interdisciplinary approach to the study of various components of nature in disciplines like art, technologies, mathematics and natural sciences creates educational situations for developing the aesthetic taste. Besides practicing skills and abilities to perceive and create the natural beauty, the introduction of elements of ecological ethics contributes to the development of the aesthetic taste, as a premise for the pupils’ ecological awareness.
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Teachers can play an important role in identifying, supporting and evaluating educational measures that meet the needs of gifted and talented children. Regardless of the educational policy adopted at national level to encourage the education of gifted children, it is important to analyze how teachers are
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Human beings prove constant receptivity for aesthetic dimensions of world’s components, regardless of their age. The interest of young children for beauty (in its various facets) allows educators to activate it for its instrumental value in developing personalities (the emotional, volitional, moral, cognitive etc. dimensions), and for the benefits of reaffirming aesthetics itself. More than at other educational levels, in preschool education children’s interest for aesthetics is acknowledged, and their aesthetic sensitivity grounds the achievement of all educational aims, by the coherent and proper integration of aesthetic contents into preschool education. The curricular offer for young children includes aesthetic experiences in distinct spaces, related with priority themes appropriate to children’s developmental level (getting acquainted with the natural world, with human/social groups, and with humans as unique individuals). The present study integrates conclusions derived from the analysis of the current Romanian curriculum recommended for preschool education in 2008; main ideas refer to the identity of aesthetic contents and to associated formative meanings, as illustrated in the curriculum, but also beyond it.
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Based on the theoretical developments, the article hereby defines the art work from the ontological perspective and identifies the qualities/features given to the art work: as spiritual, unitary and simple process and product. The art work is the result of many variables, resulting from: the type of thinking, the way of action, the complexity of the artistic personality, the interaction of the subject with the cultural environment and the society. The art work is proposed to the artistic experience, t the edge of which the aesthetic object is constituted as value carrier.
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Education for aesthetic values has to draw both on classical art, which is based on the cultural tradition as a source of perennial meanings, passed down to us from ancient times, and on novel recent contemporary artistic expressions, which, though possibly perishable, evoke the life experience, the apprehensions and the hopes of the contemporary people. In close connection with these innovations, we aim at re-systematizing and re-formulating new arguments in favor of the institutionalized aesthetic education in accordance with these recent artistic developments. At the same time, we insist on the importance of the objectives of the art museum as a way of didactic cognition and reinterpretation of reality.
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The material treats the educational technologies that are subject to a fundamental rethinking, the authors are confirming, that it is the most advantageous way for the streamline the designated area is the launch of a new research directions such as the implementation by all routes of innovative praxiology. As a starting point is highlighted success and school failure in the arts. The research is adjusted to current needs of arts education and highlights some theoretical benchmarks. In the center is placed the perception and interpretation of music in the specific actions, which are identified with educative action. Worth are available: the participation of pupils in the design, organization and implementation / evaluation of musical action, the dynamics of the teacher's professional skills to achieve gradual procedure of theoretical design and practical operation (identifying the contents countries and educational and outstanding shares; diagnosis of individual resources, planning / development of assumptions, current and final assessment of the results, the changes that have occurred).
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Authentic documents have been intensively advocated as effective tools for foreign language education, and enthusiastically embraced by foreign language teachers. The present contribution reviews advantages and limits in using authentic documents in language classrooms, but also advocates for the creative use of such documents which also have artistic value, namely comic strips, photographs and films, audiobooks based on literary texts. A general introduction for each of these authentic documents is provided, as well as some didactical suggestions which may support language teachers in their attempts to create stimulating learning activities.
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