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ROLE OF CONTROLLING IN THE LIFE OF SPORTS UNDERTAKINGS

Author(s): Veronika Fenyves,Zoltán Bács,Tibor Tarnóczi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

During the management of sports undertakings, the conscious financing of organizations often fades into the background. At these organizations, those conditions should also be elaborated which allow for the managerial decision support and the development of controlling system. We should find those controlling methods and tools which can successfully be applied in the life of a sports organization as well, which ensure the synchronization and coordination of the different processes. By doing so, the controlling ensures a higher level transparency and information supply for the decision-makers. In our treatise, we present one of the most important tools of the strategic controlling, namely the Balanced Scorecard and its application opportunity at sports undertakings.

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Smečované podání u volejbalistů kategorie kadetů

Author(s): Lucia Malá,Miroslav Čada,Tomáš Malý,František Zahálka / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2011

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between jump serve velocity achieved in contact with the ball and a model height of the jump as an indicator of explosive strength of lower extremities and to correlate these values. The monitored group consisted of 169 players (n = 172, age 15.95 ± 0.75 year, body height 185.44 ± 6.9 cm, body weight 71.92 ± 7.92 kg). Before the measurement, the players undertook a jump test, when, in a model situation, they attempted to achieve maximum jump height after a run-up. The highest serve velocity value was 105.9 km.h-1, while the lowest value was 56.3 km.h-1 (difference by 46.8 %). The measured maximum values were transformed into percentile norms (50th percentile P50 = 79.9 km.h-1). Percentile distribution for jump serve velocity and the jump enables us, with respect to a relatively high number of tested players, to consider the stated values as normative and to compare other players, as well. It appears that the correlation of jump height is a good indicator of the dispositions for jump serve implementation in terms of the ball velocity.

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Vybrané charakteristiky výkonu ve sportovní gymnastice a jejich diagnostika

Author(s): Michal Šteffl,Jan Chrudimský / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2011

By the content of article we are bringing a view about research study results, which deal with identification achievement in men’s and women’s artistic gymnastics and at the same time brings scope of their diagnostics. The characteristic attribute of artistic gymnastics achievement is correct and formally excellent realizations of different gymnastic skills with variety of their difficulty. Qualitative changes of gymnastics achievements are followed by many morphological, structural and their results from functional changes, which is useful longitudinally monitor and evaluate. As the most frequently are possible designate tests of static and dynamic power, anaerobic and aerobic capacity and also a test of heart rate dynamic during gymnastics competitions

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Analýza vztahu rytmické realizace a rytmické percepce v tanečním sportu

Author(s): Lenka Svobodová,Pavlína Vaculíková,Kristýna Honková,Dagmar Šimberová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2011

Dance sport, like other sports belongs to the aesthetic and coordinating sports; with high demands of nearly all motoric skills. They require mainly the ability to coordinate, which is often the limiting factor of performance in dance sport. Due to the fact that dance is synonymous with music and closely associated with the rhythmic capabilities, we will focus further on detailed characteristics of the two rhythmic abilities: rhythmic perception and rhythmic execution. The research sample consisted of 153 test subjects in the age range 17-34 years. The experimental group consists of 104 dancers (53 women and 51 men). The control group consisted of 49 high school students. To examine the level of rhythmic perception, we used a test called rhythmic discrimination. To examine the level of rhythmic execution, we used a test called rhythmic drumming. We proved that dance sport has a positive effect on the level of our selected rhythmic ability, the longer the subjects danced, the better the results achieved in tests. We were unable to prove a statistically significant relationship between rhythmic perception and implementation.

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Sportovní příprava moderních gymnastek v předškolním a mladším školním věku

Author(s): Viléma Novotná,Iveta Šimůnková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2011

The systematic and adequate physical preparation is an important basis for achieving physical literacy in sport branch rhythmic gymnastics. The further preparation at the top level can not successfully continue without the mastery of basic movements and sports skills with a specific technique of difficulties with and without hand apparatuses. In the area of the cultivation we choose fundamental movement patterns: training locomotors and non-locomotors skills, music and movement education, classical dance technique (ballet training), development of flexibility, which is a limiting factor in rhythmic gymnastics, mastery of basic difficulty elements according to the international rules and basic skills in handling of hand apparatuses and equipment. Gymnastics movements and exercises are characterized by gymnast´s body posture, keeping the body and body parts in space, rhythm of movement, and fluidity of movement, combining performance with music and aesthetic experience during composition. Specifically rhythmic gymnastics skills along with psychosocial aspects of training are connected with general physical training.

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Monitoring of Anthropometric Characteristics of Swimmers

Author(s): Rastislav Hlavatý,Marián Merica / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

The aim of this research was the monitoring of anthropometric characteristics development of chosen male junior and age group swimmers of SUT Trnava swimming team. We have been realising the measurement of chosen anthropometric characteristics of the body of male junior and age group of swimmers in cooperation with SUT Trnava swimming team since 2006. We have found out the same somatic preconditions at this selected group of swimmers during last four annual training cycles. The clear benefit of our research is longitudinal monitoring and evaluation of anthropometric characteristics of the swimmers’ bodies, allowing the exact and numerical evaluation of dynamics of somatic assumptions at monitored swimmers with a perspective on the quality of swimming performance.

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Biorhythmic Changes in the Development of Velocity and Power Abilities in Biathlon

Author(s): Jan Ondráček,Jana Gereková,Božena Paugschová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

The aim of the thesis is to analyse the relationships between biorhythms and achieved biathlete´s physical performance. Through the use of a pedagogical experiment the authors determined a level of kinetic abilities and shooting skills of the biathlete at the beginning and at the end of the lead time training period. By measuring method, using of the motor tests battery and SCATT shooter training system we analysed the level of her velocity abilities, power abilities and shooting skills. By processing and comparing the results the authors define the optimum time for velocity abilities development to 6 o’clock p.m., for power abilities development to 9 o’clock a.m. and for shooting training in the afternoon or evening.

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Analýza úrovne silových schopností synchronizovaných plavkýň

Author(s): Ivan Matúš,Jana Labudová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2010

This paper presents the results of the diagnostic strength capabilities of the upper limbs synchronized swimmer competing in two age groups. The level of physical development considered by BMI standards of normal population reflects the requirements of sports in this aesthetic-coordination sport. We have used swimming ergometer (swimergo) to determine the level of strength and performance. Measurement results show a balanced level of strength parameters in the group. Statistically significant relationship between maximum strength and performance of right and left arms, and dominance is reflected in all members in right arm. Statistically significant differences in results between the groups pointed to tendencies of growth strength and performance during arms stroke of the older female pupils to juniors and seniors.

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Posudzovanie kvality odrazu pri salte vpred na základe časových charakteristík okamžitých síl na krivkách odrazu vo vertikálnych a horizontálnych rovinách v realizačnej fáze

Author(s): Tibor Klaček,Rastislav Feč / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2010

The paper deals with looking for potential indicators of correct technique of bounce concerning a tucked forward somersault on the base of relations between time characteristics of instantaneous forces in a vertical and horizontal plane in a realization phase of the bounce. Our test-group was created by 13 students of Faculty of Sport. We used statistical significance of Spearman correlation coefficients p ≤ 0,05 as a method for judging whether or not a particular ratio of the impulses of forces in the vertical and horizontal plane represents a suitable indicator of correct technique of bounce. We assumed that some of the observed ratios will represent the potential indicator of correct technique of bounce.

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Budoucnost olympismu?

Author(s): Antonín Rychtecký,Josef Dovalil / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2010

The article briefly reminds the original ideas of Pierre de Coubertin; they helped him to create a certain conception of Olympism (the unity of sport, education and culture) which became the ground of Olympic Movement and organization of Olympic Games in the New Era. Olympism is nowadays extended in the whole world and being accepted as a basic philosophy of modern sport. It contributes significantly to enhance as constituting a full-value component of culture. The authors present some symptom of modern often very pragmatic sport and the reasons of the changes in it. They indicate the necessity to formulate - in a new situation - the values, purpose and aims of sport in preserving and enriching the principal Olympic values. Such substantiation appears as not only a theoretical requirement, it is in interest of sport itself.

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Socializace sportem

Author(s): Zdeněk Valjent,Libor Flemr / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2010

Present days, often called Information Age, or Computer Age are characterized by the decrease of natural social interaction between people. Thus the social potential of sports activities is shifting to the centre of scholar’s attention. Not only the worldwire spread, popularity, active participating and its media coverage make sports the social phenomenon of the day. Various aspects of sport make it possible to influence the society and visa versa. The research of socializing power of sports has traditionally differed between socializing into sports, socializing during sports, or through sport and finally socializing directly in sports.

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Pilotní studie zatížení při bipedální a kvadrupedální chůzi

Author(s): Jan Cacek,Martina Bernaciková,Pavel Korvas / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2010

The work deals with the results of a pilot research to aimed at the differences in load of bipedal and quadrupedal walking. The aim of the investigation was to verify appropriate methodological procedures for measuring a wider sample of population, determining the appropriate speed, the required length of the measured sections and of terrain gradient. Consecutively we could learn the fundamental differences of load intensity and work out the recommendations to maintain or improve physical fitness of the general population. The results of our study with one proband were particularly attractive in terms of differences between the two types of walking with increasing speed and level of terrain.

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Anticipační načasování riternu na základě odhadu dráhy letu míče

Author(s): Tomáš Kočíb,Vladimír Süss,František Lopot,Jan Carboch / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2010

Ball-hitting in tennis involves spatio-temporal information about the ball’s flight trajectory. We have focused on the temporal part of the information during returning a tennis serve that was simulated by a ball machine. The tested people had occlusion glasses placed on their eyes, which occluded their vision at the exact time, when the ball was being sent from the ball machine. The tested person did not know which part of the ball flight trajectory would be occluded, nor the ball speed. We examined the effect of part ball flight trajectory occlusion on the correct return timing of the ball. The analysis revealed that the greatest problems occurred while the second third of the ball flight trajectory had been occluded and reached most temporal errors at that time.

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Study on Improving Freshmen's Skill Through Means and Methods Specific to Volleyball

Author(s): Cătălina Mihaela Știrbu,Ilie-Cătălin Știrbu / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2020

Physical education and sports have a complex set of activities organized for the purpose of fortification, compensation, relaxation and recreation, nowadays experiencing an increasing expansion. Skill is a very important motor quality, present more or less in all motor acts, especially those of a sporting nature. Often the skill has a decisive role in the realization with a high efficiency, of some technical-tactical procedures from most of the sports branches. Therefore, starting from the premise that the skill – motor quality – is basic in learning and practicing volleyball, we set out to select and verify a system of means specific to volleyball, with the purpose of training it. A support of this motivation is the fact that freshmen have a special enthusiasm for the dynamic games that concern the development of the skill.

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Модельные характеристики соревновательной деятельности по показателям функциональной подготовленности спортсменов

Author(s): Olga Vladislavovna Balberova,Elena Gennadyevna Sidorkina,Ksenia Sergeevna Koshkina,Judit Kopkáné Plachy,Evgeny Vital'evich Bykov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2021

Nowadays, the theory of sports does not contain clear criteria for assessing sports fitness, which would reflect the model characteristics of competition performance. The article presents the research results on the functional state of athletes with different training process specifics as model characteristics of competition performance. The aim of the research is to identify and describe the model characteristics of competition performance as the main criterion for evaluating sports training in the theory of sports. Materials and Methods. Energy component of athletes’ functional fitness was studied in 80 qualified athletes (Candidates for Master of Sports, Masters of Sports, International Masters of Sports), specializing in running short, medium and long distances during the period of training for competitions. The study of the energy component was conducted using the inventory developed by B. F. Vashlyaev et al. (‘A method for evaluating physical performance based on minute volume of breathing dynamics ratio to increasing load power’). This method allows to identify which source of energy is used by the athlete while taking a cycle ergometer testing. Results. The authors identified the model characteristics of functional fitness in athletes with different training specifics, based on the energy component. The study provides physiological grounding from the point of view of appropriate interaction of energy supply systems. The key regulatory mechanisms associated with the metabolic reactions activation of adenosine triphosphate molecules production are described. Conclusions. Model characteristics of athletes' competition performance, obtained in this research, can be used by coaches in order to manage sports training effectively. Moreover, the identified model characteristics can be used as the main criteria for evaluating sports training in sports theory.

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The vision of sustainable sport in a backcasting research

Author(s): Alexandra Köves,Attila Szathmári,Orsolya Herr / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

It is now becoming widely accepted that our economy has reached the limits both in terms of the carrying capacity of our planet and in terms of bringing real social justice to the table. Degrowth is a research area that aims to transcend mainstream approaches. While moving beyond the growth paradigm would entail serious changes in all areas of social life and Degrowth research extends into most of them, the transformation of sports is not among them. Neither is Degrowth a recognised concept among those who deal with sports. The participatory backcasting research introduced in this paper attempts to fill this void. In the backcasting project, master students of sports economics envisioned the sustainable future of sports and identified potential intervention steps that lead towards such normative states. This paper describes the results and assesses those elements that aim for strong sustainability. The results show that relocalisation and the sharing economy are the most accepted Degrowth concepts in a normative scenario on sustainable sports in this group. At the same time, the paper offers frameworks of thoughts for those who want to move beyond the slogans of sustainability either as responsible citizens or in positions related to the world of sports.

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“You Have to Accept the Pain”: Body Callusing and Body Capital in Circus Aerialism

Author(s): Kevin Walby,Shawn Stuart / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

Little sociological research has examined the work of circus aerialists. Drawing from interviews with 31 circus aerialists in Canada, we explore what aerialists say about their bodies. Circus aerialism is an intense form of physical work, and aerialists endure intense pain during training and performance. Engaging with sociologies of the body and injury, we examine how body capital is generated, maintained, and lost in the career of the aerialist, as well as how injury accelerates this process. Injury and “aging out” of the circus are prominent themes in what aerialists say about their bodies. Arguing that circus aerialism is an undervalued form of work in which risk accumulates in aerialist bodies, we explore how aerialist bodies provide tacit cues about how to avoid injury and when to consider retirement. In the conclusion, we explain how this work contributes to sociologies of the body and circus.

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Tenisçi ve Badmintoncular Özelinde Yapılan Yüksek Şiddetli İnterval Antrenmanı (HIIT) Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi

Author(s): Yıldız Yaprak,Fikret Öztürk / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2021

The aim of this review was to examine the studies on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) applied in tennis and badminton. Considering the duration of the tennis and badminton match, these sports are seen as an aerobic sports. However, the short and high intensity rallies in the tennis match also show that it is an anaerobic sport, at the same. There are very high intensity and intermittent rallies lasting 8- 10 seconds in prolonged competitions. In other words, both sports require both aerobic and anaerobic endurance during the competition. This endurance is very important not only for the match, but also for the training session as endurance is required for training to be carried out efficiently. Therefore, coaches want to develop aerobic endurance first during the general preparation period at the beginning of the season. In the classical endurance training method, the training session is planned at least 45-50 minutes and 3 times per week. During this period, technical and tactical training are secondary, so there is no time problem to improve endurance. However, as the season progresses, it will be difficult to find the necessary time to maintain aerobic and anaerobic endurance when technical-tactical training becoms important in the special preparation and competition period. Studies show that, HIIT eliminates this time problem, and although it is a very short training method, it is effective in improving aerobic and anaerobic endurance.

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Examination of the Relationship between Anthropometric Characteristics of Elite Wresters and Their Strength and Vertical Jump Performance

Author(s): Erdal Zorba,Musa Şahin,İsa Doğan,Kürşat Acar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The aim of this study was to examine the relation between certain anthropometric characteristics and strength and vertical jump performance of elite wrestlers. 16 athletes wrestling in different clubs participated in our research. Average age of the wrestlers was 23,62 ± 244, while their average height was 177,31 ± 5,18 and their average weight is 86,45 ± 14,91. In determining the anthropometric measurements of the subjects, height, body weight, skin fold thickness, circumference and diameter measurements were made. For measurement of strength parameters, claw strength was measured with a Takkei brand hand dynamometer, while back and leg strength was measured with a back and leg dynamometer. An electronic smart speed lite system was used to measure the vertical jump performance of the athletes. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurements and strength parameters and vertical jump ratios, and values with p<0.05 were considered significant. As a result, the relationship between anthropometric characteristics and physical performance of elite wrestlers was examined, and a high correlation was found between anthropometric measurements and strength parameters. There was no relationship between vertical jump and anthropometric measurements and strength parameters. In addition, it is a remarkable detail that no significant difference could be detected between the leg, back, right and left claw strengths of wrestlers and their anthropometric characteristics.

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A co, jeśli Forest Green Rovers pozielenieją? Wdrażanie strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju przez klub piłkarski

Author(s): Jan Podniesiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2021

Sport and sports organisations are often some of the most important aspects of local culture and identity. As in the case of cultural institutions, recent years have seen numerous interesting initiatives for sustainable development undertaken by athletes and sports clubs. The paper explores the implementation and social reception of the sustainable development strategy adopted in 2010 by the professional football club called Forest Green Rovers FC in Great Britain. Using the method of content analysis, the author attempts to analyse the critical reflection on the strategy presented in the national opinion-forming press and to show how the club’s environmentally-friendly actions are perceived by the community of its fans.

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