Metafora ir erdvė: 14 pasaulinė metaforų tyrėjų konferencija RaAM14 Vilniaus universitete
Report on the conference „Metafora ir erdvė” held on June 23-26, 2021 at Vilnius University.
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Report on the conference „Metafora ir erdvė” held on June 23-26, 2021 at Vilnius University.
More...
2022 m. sausio 26 d. Lietuvos anglistų bendruomenę sukrėtė žinia apie Nidos Burneikaitės netektį. Žmo-gaus, kurio profesine kompetencija buvo galima vi-siškai pasikliauti. Kompetencija, Nidos išsiugdyta nuosekliu darbu ir profesiniu reiklumu sau ir kitiems, tuo varikliuku, kuris ne vieną iš mūsų veda pirmyn, neleidžia sustoti, uždega ir palaiko.
More...
The paper describes the process of creating and evaluating the HTR (Handwritten Text Recognition) model for Romanian Slavonic early printed books (first half of the 16th century, Middle Bulgarian Church Slavonic, Cyrillic Script) using the Transkribus software platform, based on the principles of artificial intelligence, machine learning and advanced neural networks. The HTR model was created on the material of Romanian Slavonic early printed books from Târgovişte printing house: the Liturgikon from 1508 and the Teatraevangelion from 1512 from the oldest printing house managed by hieromonk Macarius, as well as the Apostle from 1547 from the printing house managed by Dimitrije Ljubavić. The most important result of the paper is the creation of the first version of the generic HTR model Macarius (named in honor of hieromonk Macarius, the first South Slavonic and Romanian printer) with exceptional performance – the percentage of incorrectly recognized characters (including accent marks) is only 2.7%. The research has shown that this HTR model can also be used for the automatic recognition of Romanian Slavonic early printed books published in the second half of the 16th century. HTR model Macarius together with Ground Truth data is available to all users of the Transkribus platform, which ensures its wider use, as well as the possibility for further improvement of its performance.
More...
The article is dedicated to the grammar of the French language, which is kept in the manuscript department of the Library of the Academy of Sciences (RO BAN, P I B, No 106). The authorship of the manual is attributed to Ivan Gorlitsky (1690–1777). It was apparently intended for Princess Elizaveta Petrovna. The article supplements the information on this source in the works by S. V. Vlasov, L. V. Moskovkin (2013, 2017), N. V. Kareva and M. G. Sharikhina (2022). The allegation passed down from work to work about the originality of Gorlitsky’s work is disputed. Evidence shows that a significant part of the grammar text corresponds to the textbook “The true principles of the French Language” (1757) by V. J. Peyton; it is assumed that both texts go back to a common source. Other fragments of Gorlitsky’s grammar go back to F. de Fenne’s “Institutio linguae gallicae” (1680). The examples are generously taken from J.-R. Peplier’s textbook (1689). Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the material adaptation to the Russian reader. It is pointed out that Gorlitsky often altered the examples and supplemented his text with information about the Russian language.
More...
The article, based on Eliza Orzeszkowa’s letters to Edvard Jelínek from 1881–1896, presents the relationship between the two writers. They were guided by the common idea of vzajemnosti, i.e. promoting cultural activities among the Slavs, aimed at bringing nations together. In this regard, Orzeszkowa undertook many initiatives in cooperation with the Czech writer. The first was an attempt to publish in Polish the work The Fall and Rebirth of the Czech Nation, presenting the history of the Czechs. On the pages of the letters, the project of publishing an anthology works by famous Czech poets and prose writers translated by Czesław Jankowski, Bronisław Teodor Grabowski, Władysław Bełza and Wilhelmina Zyndram-Kościałkowska was discussed. The income from the sale of the publication was planned to be used to rebuild the National Theater in Prague (Národní divadlo), which burned down in 1881. The writer also organized a fundraising for this purpose at the “Orzeszkowa i S-ka” bookstore in Vilnius. The last undertaking was the intention to publish Orzeszkowa’s memories from her stay in Prague – it was to familiarize the reader with Czech culture. Even though some of the discussed plans were already advanced, they were not implemented, mainly due to tsarist decrees. This correspondence is therefore a valuable trace of the Polish–Czech cooperation between writers. The quoted fragments of Orzeszkowa’s letters to Jelínek are in the National Literature Museum in Prague (Památník Národního Písemnictví). They have not been released yet.
More...
Review of: Anetta Bogusława Strawińska, Leksyka północnokresowa jako element deskrypcji zagadnień ortoepicznych w poradnikach Aleksandra Walickiego i Aleksandra Łętowskiego, Wydawnictwo PRYMAT, Seria: Białostockie Studia Językoznawcze (tom 18), Białystok 2022, ss. 192, ISBN 978-83- 7657-465-3
More...
Applying the framework of Language Management Theory, the paper explores how language consulting services may be involved in the management of various language problems experienced by speakers. Focusing on the discourse-shaping activity of everyday speakers, Language Management Theory is a comprehensive theoretical framework aimed at the detection, analysis and treatment of linguistic and communicative problems. One viable path toward solving language problems is for language users to contact a language consulting service. The paper shows how the Language Consulting Service of the HUN-REN Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics applies problem-management practices to the spelling and language use problems of inquirers. The practice of institutional language consulting provides a bridge between simple and organised language management processes, and between the micro and macro levels of management. In today’s complex linguistic context, which promotes linguistic diversity, the role of language consulting services is primarily to provide a data-driven and discursive approach to language problems, working closely with the language users themselves.
More...
A riddle is an allegorical description of a certain subject, most often in the form of a question. Riddles, which live a life of their own, and penetrate deeply into the song and fairy-tale folklore genres, as well as into the calendar and family rites, represent a peculiar genre of folk creativity, and it invariably arouses interest with its allegorical isobasement of the real world. The Russian folk riddle has a centuries-old history. It is preserved in everyday life as an independent genre of folk creativity, it enters the song and prose folklore genres. In songs and fairy tales, heroes and heroines ask and guess riddles, and this is an assessment of the mind and intelligence of the characters.
More...
In all the languages the semantics is more powerful than the grammar and the pragmatics is more powerful than the semantics. Since the derivation is a part of the grammar, the semantic and pragmatic laws command the implementation of the derivatological rules on different linguistic levels.
More...
The article describes the main goals of the Bologna declaration and discusses some debatable issues related to the results, losses and gains of the Russian universities which result from their transition to the new educational system within the framework of implementating the Bologna process. The author draws attention to the opinions of famous politicians and key figures in science and culture on the discussed issues.
More...
The article proposes an examination of the relations Georges Didi-Huberman’s work establishes be- tween the discipline of philology and the knowledge he applies to images as cultural objects. More precisely, it identifies what are the use values that Georges Didi-Huberman assigns to philology. The argument is constructed semantically, looking at his usage of the word (including derived nouns or ad- jectives), and also practically, focusing on his writing practice. The analysis is grounded in a distinction between iconologic and imaginative approaches to the study of images.
More...
The article aims to consider the possibility of a philological approach to hate vocabulary. Starting from the Victor Klemperer’s critical reception – the known author of a “philological notebook” (1996, 2000a, 2000b) regarding the forms of verbal violence during the Nazi regime – the study examines a model of the “everyday life philology” (Porter J. 2018) and its specific conditions of analysis of temporality in relation to insults and their social destiny. Our main hypothesis, based on Judith Butler (2004) work, is that “hate”, seen from the perspective of historicity and verbal transformations, is not only an inventory of toxic words, but also a resource for subjectivation processes. The article analyzes, as a representative case, the historical uses of a hate word in the Romanian culture between the two Revolutions of 1848 and 1989.
More...
Translation theory advances thinking about film adaptation by enabling a more rigorous critical methodology. The relation between such second-order creations and their source materials is not communicative but hermeneutic, depending on the translator’s or filmmaker’s application of an interpretant. The hermeneutic relation can be seen not only as interpretive, fixing the form and meaning of the source materials, but as interrogative, exposing the cultural and social conditions of those materials and of the translation or adaptation that has processed them. The critic in turn applies an interpretant, whether a critical methodology or specific interpretation, to formulate the hermeneutic relation and its interrogative effects.
More...
The article tries to present a possible literary-historical reconstruction of the histories of Bulgarian literature published in the 20th – 21th century. It traces how literary history is read and conceptualized through them in different sociocultural contexts. It marks the mechanisms through which literary history has built the canon of Bulgarian literature upholding its unique and unchangeable value. The study outlines the various ways in which sources from different periods sort and rearrange the authors of literature and their works chronologically or hierarchically in a complex historical megatext and how this megatext can reveal or forget, praise or deny some basic literary and aesthetics features. Attention is paid to the way they construct different models of national spiritual plot through their dialogue and polemics. This defines literary history not only as memory of the past and respect for the knowledge that is stored in documents and archive records, but also as individual authorial conceptions. In this sense, what is important in the creation of the literary-historical narrative is not only the aesthetic and sociopolitical context, but also the individuality of the author who creates both literature and history. Literary histories as a single author’s project or as a collective academic experience, presenting an attempt at a fundamental conceptualization of the processes in art or just fragmentary plots can be reminded of and read as objective or manipulated narratives about a national literature. They can be interpreted in a unique cultural context where many creative and existential plots meet, intersect, discuss and complement.
More...
This research is a determined attempt to reveal the perception of DEATH in contemporary English poetry. It has been a focal point of lengthy discussions and numerous reflections, as DEATH is a universal experience that everybody regardless of nationality, gender and marital status, religious and political views will go through one day. All people are mortal by nature, but the idea of what happens after death to some extent depends on the culture or religion they belong to. Thus, the religious perception of DEATH as a stage of transformation that puts an end to earthly suffering and paves the way for an everlasting, abundant life in Heaven can be traced in modern English poetry. It helps people embrace their own mortality, make peace with the fluidity of time and inevitability of DEATH. Another finding shows that DEATH is often depicted as the end of the journey, the awareness of which, on the one hand, fills life with meaning and motivates people to act on their dreams, but on the other, causes deep regrets about missed opportunities and wasted time. There is no distinct fear of DEATH in the studied poetry, but rather the feeling of immense sadness over something the person hasn’t done or can’t change.
More...
The article focuses primarily on the Bulgarian satirical newspaper Sturshel (Hornet) – the most famous and one of the longest-lasting humorous editions in Bulgaria, which was first published in 1946. During the communist regime in the country the Sturshel was an edition of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist party, which was the ruling party for 45 years. The political transformations in 1989 led to dramatical changes in the public life and the freedom of speech that had not been allowed during the previous historical period. The editors of the newspaper started their fight for independence and a few months after November 1989 the Sturshel was free from the Party’s guardianship and became one of the most trusted editions according to the statistical data and market results. Some of the short sentences, caricatures’ captions, and anecdotes published in the newspaper achieved huge popularity and many of them were turned into slogans born by people during political rallies and strikes. On the other hand, the Sturshel published many short reports from different street events and encouraged people to fight for new ethical values, based on the principles of political freedom, multiparty system and personal dignity. Laughter was used as a powerful instrument by the journalists and caricaturist to help people overcome the fear imposed by the totalitarian regime. Some of the mechanisms of this process are also analyzed in the article.
More...
This paper aims at presenting a survey conducted in 2022 among adults learning English as a foreign language, which explores their attitudes and interest in listening to audiobooks for the purpose of learning English as a foreign language. This study was provoked by the increase in the popularity of audiobooks in the last few years especially during the time of the Covid-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022. It covers the age group of adult learners who are educated both in the formal education system and outside of it. 280 adults, who have studied, are studying or are fluent in English, from different parts of Bulgaria and those who live abroad have taken part in the survey. It includes two sections with the total number of 25 multiple questions. The results of the survey emphatically show that audiobooks are not a popular teaching tool for learning English, which confirms the current situation regarding the implementation of audiobooks in foreign language teaching, although academic sources reveal abundant evidence of their effectiveness in developing all language competences at all levels of language proficiency. The outcomes of the conducted survey could serve English language teachers as a starting point for the wider use and dissemination of listening to audiobooks as a method of teaching English as a foreign language.
More...
Due to its convenience, online assessment has become one of the most essential components in English Language Teaching (ELT). Online assessment has been more intensively used in English Language Teaching practices to complement conventional assessments. However, the success of online assessment implementation in ELT depends on the teachers’ perspectives and beliefs about online assessment itself. This paper explores the perspectives and beliefs of teachers in Central Java on online assessment in ELT and the factors underlying their perspectives and beliefs on the effectiveness of online assessment in ELT. This study employed a qualitative research design and collected data through semi structured interviews with twelve elementary school teachers in Central Java, Indonesia. The studied teachers had experience in online classes because of the school lockdown during the outbreak of Covid-19. The findings indicate that while they have positive perspectives towards the potential benefits of online assessment, they also express concerns on the reliability and validity of online assessment. The teachers that participated in the research highlighted the need for training and support in designing and implementing online forms of assessment, which allowed them to combine online and traditional assessment methods. Teachers mostly believe ELT is best applied through direct communicative interaction. Overall, this study sheds light on the complexities of online assessment in ELT.
More...