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Sustainable consumption through the sharing economy
hospitality services, that is why the article draws brief practical illustrations from those sectors.
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hospitality services, that is why the article draws brief practical illustrations from those sectors.
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Business ethical values are considered as one of the important and comprehensive issues in the world nowadays. Disputing about these values and ignoring ethical principles in workplaces influence employee’s job attitude and provide backgrounds of turnover for employees, and because of this, many costs are put on organizations.Therefore, this study seeks to examine types and levels of business ethical values effects on turnover intention and also concentrates on mediating the role of person-organization fit dimensions. The statistical population of this study includes active teachers of public schools in Isfahan and Yazd. In order to select sample members, classification sampling method has been used. Then, the questionnaire is used to gathering the data. The results of this study indicated that business ethical values influence employee’s turnover intention directly and indirectly, and level of these indirect effects was stronger than direct ones. Also, the results indicate that different dimensions of person-organization fit have low correlation with each one of other variables, and these dimensions are mediators in the relationship between business ethical values and turnover intention.
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The paper presents ethical problems of employees in selected banks in Poland. The theoretical part of the paper deals with codes of ethics in banking, especially those concerning the moral aspects of working in banking. The empirical part of the paper presents the results of research on the ethos of bank workers. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out using a specialist Internet forum devoted to the banking sector. The study includes an analysis of hundreds of comments posted on an Internet forum.
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The issue of CSR is increasingly present in contemporary academic discourse. Created for ever new standards for the implementation, CSR also developed solutions to enable detailed reporting results regarding CSR organizations and their comparability. The question is whether, in any society we can equally easily operate in this area? Is the culture of the country to some extent makes it easy, or too difficult to implement CSR. In this publication, starting from the classical concept of G. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions there is an analysis of one of the Hofstede dimensions’ power distance with the implementation of CSR. The purpose is to determine how far to authority (small or large) promotes the proper implementation of CSR.
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Age management is closely connected to the strategy of corporate social responsibility, because, according to its principles, organization is required to implement measures to make rational use of the potential of employees from different age groups. If the workplace creates equal opportunities for workers, it will become one of the essential elements leading to building the competitive advantage of the organization. At the same time, it is important for the employees to have the feeling that they are important for the organization regardless of their knowledge, their position or years of work and life. This article presents the age management system, taking into account those areas in which it is implemented. In addition, attention is drawn to useful tools that should be consciously used to effectively manage the age of employees. Presented tools complement each other, creating a system of integrated activities, which is positively reflected in the functioning of the organization. Since the issues related to age management are complex and involve many aspects, this article focuses on issues relating to the potential of employees referred to as 50+ in the literature. Due to the demographic crisis faced by the Europe and Poland, this issue becomes highly relevant in shaping the personnel policy of modern organizations.
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The research was determining the significance of the tools used by the cooperative banks under the concept of Socially Responsible Business to create their own image in the local market. The questionnaire survey was conducted in the first half of 2016 at group of 600 clients of cooperative banks. The research showed that in the case of Polish cooperative banks the concept of corporate social responsibility has a positive effect on their image. What more socially responsible banks gets a lots of benefits for them and for the environment and the community, in which they operate.
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Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the core of sustainable development of companies. On one hand, the corporate social responsibility of companies is a prerequisite for sustainable business, on the other - sustainable development sets specific requirements for the development of businesses in the context of increasing requirements to the degree of quality and reliability of financial information. In recent years, sustainable development has become a strategic issue for companies and this trend applies to Bulgarian companies too. Development of non-financial reporting is a very dynamic process, whose peak is the establishment of an integrated system of accountability. Current paper makes analyses of advantages of CSR linking it to the implementation of sustainable development goals through the integrated reporting following the requirements of the standards of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI).
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The humanization of competition and of the profit/success dispute, the socialization of egotisms and egoism, the taming of the daily interhuman relationships and the emotional - sentimental assimilation of the outcome of labor can only be achieved through an intelligent compatibility between the economic and the moral order. Nonetheless, this does not rule out the tensions and, beyond any genuine moral intentions, the practicing of a normative and value-bound conventionalism is used - as an image amplifier and a justifier of hidden interests. The most transparent moral gestures can encapsulate rebellious instinct-ridden energies, temperamental inclinations being resignified from the perspective of virtuous meanings. The moral radiography of sympathy/compassion and of envy, respectively, can be enlightening in this line.
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Problem zloupotrebe procesa prijema i korupcije pri zapošljavanju u državnu službu i generalno javni sektor zauzima istaknuto mjesto u bosanskohercegovačkim medijima i političkim stavovima. Dio nevladinog sektora ovo pitanje izdvaja kao temu koju nove vlasti na državnom i entitetskim nivoima trebaju razmatrati u mandatnom periodu 2014–2018. “Moratorij na zapošljavanje” u javnom sektoru uvršten je u Koncept ekonomskog razvoja 2014–2018 – Ekonomski rast i zapošljavanje. Na sjednicama Vlade Federacije održanim u aprilu 2015. godine doneseni su zaključci da se odmah obustave svi konkursi za prijem državnih službenika na period od 60 dana, da se odmah obustave sve konkursne procedure za prijem zaposlenika u javnom sektoru i da se pripreme izmjene Zakona o državnoj službi Federacije BiH kako bi se ograničilo obnašanje funkcija rukovodećih državnih službenika i rukovodilaca federalnih uprava i upravnih organizacija. Prema podacima Odbora državne službe za žalbe BiH i Odbora državne službe za žalbe Federacije BiH, u porastu je broj žalbi kandidata na „obavještenje o rezultatima stručnog ispita/javnog konkursa“. S druge strane, prema podacima Suda BiH, broj tužbi protiv odluka Odbora državne službe za žalbe BiH je mali. Sve hrabrije, iako sporadično, i sami kandidati na javnim konkursima za prijem u državnu službu javno iznose svoja iskustva praćeni podrškom medija i građana putem društvenih mreža. Među kandidatima i građanima je postalo uobičajeno javne konkurse za prijem u državnu službu nazivati “farsom”, govori se da su svi konkursi za prijem u državnu službu namješteni i da se unaprijed zna ko će biti najbolji kandidat koji će dobiti posao. Čak je i bivši visoki državni dužnosnik još 2011. godine upozoravao na ovaj problem, javno saopćio imena kandidata koji će dobiti posao i podnio krivičnu prijavu.
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From the perspective of “applied ‘machiavelistics’”, the paper deals with Machiavelli’s The Art of War (Dell’arte della guerra) and other works (The Prince, Discourses on Livy) in which the author, among other things, gives advice for successful struggle, military and political. It is significant that these advices of Renaissance philosopher have a strong impact even after five hundred years. Few relevant authors that are familiar with his work recently published several books that reactualize Machiavelli’s thought in the context of the struggle and decision making in the 21st century, whether it is about advising managers in the “wars” within the business world, or it is offering assistance to voters in elections in order to choose a better ruler. Analysing these works, which updated Machiavelli as guide and counselor in contemporary struggles and decisions, shows the extent to which this approach trivializes Machiavelli’s thought, but also in how many ways it contributing to new, creative reception of his work.
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Informational banking asymmetry and banks’ tempting to manipulate or hide information affect the banking transparency and do not permit that banking disclosure process to be adequate for the users of public banking information. Based on these assumptions, this study explores the issue of public disclosure of audit reports at the level of Romanian banking system. Empirical study case focuses on analyzing of the way in which the banking societies Romanian legal persons that activate in Romania disclose information regarding the audit opinion on the financial statements. We studied the Internet as a medium used by banks to disclose public information and found evidence of unequal, irregular and unforeseeable behavior of banks that publish auditor’s report, taking into account that 31% from the analyzed banks did not disclose their auditors’ reports on financial statements during 2000-2011.
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Corporate Volunteering (CV) is a phenomenon that emerged in the second half of the 20th century and began to grow and globalize at the beginning of the 21st century. There seems to be a consensus that the recent growth of Corporate Volunteering is related to the development and growing legitimacy of the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Nevertheless, the theoretical discussion on how the two concepts (Corporate Volunteering and Corporate Social Responsibility) are related is just beginning, while empirical research on how this relationship operates in corporate practice is still incipient. This paper presents preliminary results of a research on this subject carried out in Uruguay in 2016. This is a statistical study that analyses the relationship between the application of corporate volunteering activities and the incorporation of a CSR approach to the management of companies. The incorporation of both types of practices is measured by a self-assessment questionnaire that includes 81 indicators (using a Likert scale to assess them), which were designed based on ISO 26000 Guidance of Social Responsibility. The questionnaire was administered to 96 companies, using a comparative analysis between those that practice Corporate Volunteering and those which do not. The results obtained allow us to support the hypothesis that the application of Corporate Volunteering is positively associated with the incorporation of CSR when managing the relationship between the company and its employees and also with the community. Moreover, these results contribute to a better understanding on how both concepts are related.
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Modern dynamics of socio-economic development emphasized issues to improve efficiency of state innovation policy, its adequacy to contemporary priorities and problems in the country’s development. An appropriate and relevant question is the systematization of knowledge obtained in the study of theoretical foundations of the state innovation policy, and effectiveness of its implementation depending on the methods of realization. The aim of present work is the development of theoretical and methodological fundamentals of state innovation policy. To solve the set tasks, we applied such general scientific and special research methods as: analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematic approach.Author examined the types of state innovation policy, factors that influence its formation, components of development and implementation of the state innovation policy. It is highlighted that the implementation of the state innovation policy is coordinated with the strategy of innovative development; strategic directions of innovation development of the national economy are demonstrated. Special attention was paid by Author to stages in the formation of state innovation policy in industrialized countries with the methods characterized for the realization of state innovation policy. Based on the obtained results of scientific research, main directions were proposed of innovation policy for Ukraine under present conditions.A conclusion was drawn on that the state innovation policy is a set of interrelated and interdependent forms, mechanisms, instruments, technologies of influence of the state on the formation, development and realization of scientific-technical, technological and innovation potential of the country, based on the promising world trends in scientific and technological development. The implementation of the state innovation policy is coordinated with the strategy of innovation development whose main function is to define main long-term directions of scientific development, to implement innovations, to provide resources to achieve the set objectives. The state, when implementing innovation policy, above all in the R&D sector, applies two basic types of methods: administrative and program-targeted. In the course of development of program-targeted methods, there were formed several variants of their implementation: a system of subsidies, institutional programs and cooperative implementation programs.The scientific novelty of present research is in determining the methodology of the state innovation policy, which covers an integrated system of methods, ways, and means of its implementation, taking into consideration the priorities in modern development of leading industrial countries. A practical value of the research is in applying the features of theoretical and methodological foundations of the state innovation policy for the selection of such areas and methods of implementation of the innovation policy that are most acceptable for Ukraine under current economic conditions.
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Currently, the need to develop business is complex, from the creation of jobs, to implementing a framework of conduct and action of entrepreneurs on markets in general, the labor market in particular. Romania is a country whose strategic vision must become complementary and compatible with the development trends of the global economy on the one hand, and with internal realities, on the other hand. Given the accelerated growth in unemployment, an insufficient allocation of budgetary resources compared to the development needs of the economy, in this case the business environment to correct economic disparities in relation to the European Union in terms of development of business infrastructure, access to funding sources, the attitude towards the economic environment risk, competition, and a substantial decrease in the tax base caused by the instability of the economic environment and in particular the political, creating new jobs is really a utopia. In this context, entrepreneurship opens new locally development possibilities, where the community builds its own development strategy based on own resources and on identifying needs of community members. A small-scale entrepreneurship development is an example of good practice for other communities without necessarily being implemented on a macroeconomic scale (Bentoiu, Athu, Predonu, 2014). Entrepreneurship policy involves identifying development needs, creating a conceptual framework to support entrepreneurial ideas and their implementation in order to create jobs and sustainable development of the community.
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The contemporary perceptions of the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility took into account a number of actions taken in practice by companies, but is based on an unchanging voluntary basis. Therefore meaning of CSR strategy is primarily a sense of moral obligation to take responsibility for the company’s the activities undertaken within their operation. This idea is therefore understood as a moral obligation. It can therefore be concluded that if companies respect the principles of corporate social responsibility behave ethically. Their management is then fair respecting the interests of broadly understood environment. Inclusion of social engagement additionally emphasizes respect and deference to external stakeholders and care for the environment respect for the ubiquitous problem of rarity.
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Global ecological and social threats call for accelerated actions aimed at reorienting consumer societies in sustainable societies based on responsible consumption and production. Particular role in this transformation can play the marketing activities of large manufacturing companies, especially the way the design, manufacture and distribution of products. The purpose of the discussion is to assess the prerequisites and barriers to the introduction of elements of sustainable marketing by companies operating on the Polish market. This article is based on a review of literature and the results of market research available. As a result of the analysis it was stated that the ethical shaping of products is forced primarily by the market situation and aims to strengthen the image of the company. Most Polish consumers still choose cheaper products that do not meet the requirements of sustainable marketing. This article is of a reporting nature.
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Our approach aims at the issues of integrity in the performance of public functions in Romania. Specifically, after the development of the ethical considerations in national administrative system, we present the conceptual and legal aspect of integrity incidents, then making reference to monitoring and measures to prevent and limit them. On two major strategies of the Romanian Executive – Strategy regarding the development of public function and the national anti-corruption strategy, both covering the period 2016-2020 – we can detach some goals regarding correction of deficiencies (conflicts of interest, incompatibilities and violation of rules regarding conduct in the exercise of public functions) insisting on the lines of action to be followed in the next four years. The documentation of the paper was founded on the expense of literature, law - national and European - in the field, but also on recent reports issued by some public bodies (Ministry of Justice, National Integrity Agency, the National Agency of Civil Servants, etc.).
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The article deals with the issue of intended and unintended socio-economic consequences of marketing actions. Marketing concept is a positive idea of creating value for customers and other stakeholders, but the results of marketing decisions may be both positive and negative for company’s environment. The arguments for positive effects of marketing are presented, as well as the evidence for unethical marketing practices and its negative consequences. Assuming that the need to consider interests of different companies’ stakeholders is increasing, the concept of stakeholder orientation, as a broadening of the market orientation, is discussed. Finally the selected models of ethical marketing decision-making are presented.
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The agrifood sector belongs to traditional industries often supported by the national governments. The quality of the output is directly related to human health and, therefore, several initiatives within the EU have been introduced. These initiatives support the consciousness of the broad public, including the individual agrifood businesses. Besides the marketing standards, geographical indications and organic farming, there are also national and private certification schemes. All these tendencies aim to promote the socio-ethical principles of the business to support the non-monetary issues related to the agrifood sector. This paper provides a closer exploration of the socio-ethical aspects of companies in the Spanish agrifood sector. Any awareness of these principles in the daily business routine can be considered as a potential competitive advantage for an individual company. The objective of the paper is to examine whether there are significant differences among individual sub-industries within the Spanish agrifood sector in terms of social and ethical aspects. A sample of 66,047 different agrifood companies in the year 2012 was examined. Results of empirical tests prove that there are significant differences between the agricultural producers, manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers.
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Economics and particularly economic policy often seems to focus almost exclusively on the growth of income and creation of wealth. Consumer spending, the provision of public services, investment by private and public sectors, and international trade undoubtedly contribute to well-being. However economists have always viewed Gross National Product (GNP) as an imperfect measure of human welfare. One’s personal values and philosophy of life also matter, as do strategies and techniques for mood control and raising each individual’s baseline or set-point level of happiness.This paper briefly summarises the research findings which have led to this gradual and ongoing shift of focus. Then we take a Buddhist perspective on happiness and economics. Many of the recent research findings are consistent with Buddhist analysis, particularly its analysis of the conditioning process leading to unhappiness. Furthermore, Buddhist practices provide skilful means for the mind to control the mood. The paper ends, however, on a cautionary note: in what sense, if any, is the “greatest happiness” the Buddhist goal?
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