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Geir Lundestad, East, West, North, South. International Relations since 1945, Sage, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC, 2014, 340 pp.
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W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę analitycznej, krytycznej i syntetycznej oceny powszechnie stosowanego pojęcia "przedsiębiorczość społeczna" w kontekście znaczeń przypisywanych jego częściom składowym. Rozpatrywane oddzielnie określenia "przedsiębiorczość" oraz "społeczny" charakteryzują się dość szerokim zakresem użycia oraz istotnym zróżnicowaniem pod względem eksponowania celów społecznych, a także tego, co uważa się za istotne cechy przedsiębiorczości. Artykuł kończy się propozycją elastycznej definicji tego pojęcia: z przedsiębiorczością społeczną mamy do czynienia, gdy jakaś osoba lub osoby (1) wyłącznie lub w znacznym stopniu tworzą pewną wartość społeczną i realizują cele z nią związane poprzez (2) dostrzeganie i wykorzystywanie możliwości tworzenia takiej wartości, (3) wdrażanie innowacji, (4) podejmowanie ryzyka oraz (5) nieakceptowanie ograniczeń związanych z dostępnością zasobów.
More...Тина Георгиева, Консерватизъм и национализъм в Русия. (Втората половина на 60-те – средата на 80-те години на ХІХ век), Фабер, 2015, 311 с. ISBN: 978-619-00-0219-2
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The article shows the thoughts of the author about the textbook by V. A. Porozov «History and Culture of the Kama Region», published in the Perm State Humanities and Pedagogical University publishing house in 2014. The main attention is devoted to intelligentsia studies; the fragments devoted to genesis of the intelligentsia, determination of its essential features, and the role of intelligentsia as the bearer of the regional culture are of particular interest; besides, some attention is drawn to the destinies of certain intelligentsia members
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Primitive human is an exemplary citizen who completely respects the rules of his/her own community and who is ready to obey them at any time. In the same way, following all the rules and restrictions determined by the tribe are accepted as axiom. Primitive human greatly respects own customs and traditions, automatically submits to orders. Everything is based on the fear of supernatural ideas and punishments, in addition to deep loyalty to “group feeling”. However, has there ever been any person - whether civilized or primitive - who followed the undesired, boring rules and taboos without having difficulties? Nevertheless, this understanding is dominant in the studies about primitive order and primitive rules.
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Ottoman Empires inheritance to republic of Turkey is a country that hasn’t substructure industry; its products are insufficient for its own people and it is in misery. In that country, there isn’t substantially capital stock. Capital that non-Muslims have left the country because of war. So the founders of republic have Works and problems that should be solved in a very short time. The most important problem work is economical problems. The country that its wheat production isn’t sufficient for its own need, can’t produce sugar beet and import sugar beet in 1923,has turned into a country that sell both agricultural products and industrial goods in 1938. The same country has carried out approximately %8,72 economic growth between 1927 and 1938. In this study; it is seen that Atatürk’s economic vision and his foresight is very successful and correct.
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In this article, gender equality in the trade unions was addressed, and insufficient representation of the women in the trade union managements was dealt with. This insufficient representation can be due to not only the market conditions, but also gender discrimination. However, it is obvious that in the last 20-30 years, trade-unions need female directors at the point of trade-unions’ renewing themselves in order to attract increasing female labor to the market. Therefore, in the last section of our study, strategies developed for women’s participation in trade union activities at any level within the trade-union movement was focused on, and in this context, solution suggestions on the steps to be taken have been developed.
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Cynthia Ozick’s 1987 novel, "The Messiah of Stockholm", has been reviewed all over the world. In the United States, where Ozick is considered a major writer, it has been received very well, while in Europe it has been acknowledged mainly thanks to its connectionto Bruno Schulz. It was a clever marketing move, a part of Ozick’s creative writing strategy. Even though her novel has provoked many objections (poor content and form, lack of authenticity, empty generalizing), it has a certain charm which is quite difficultto resist. The present review is an attempt to shed some light on that specific feature of Ozick’s writing.
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The author is interested in the results of reading a writer’s bibliography. She approacheda chronological record of publications in an unusual way. As a rule, bibliographies are made for those readers of a given writer’s output, who are interested in his/her career and look for less known works. Still, reading a chronological register which focuses on cause-and-effect links connecting publications, one may discover in a writer’s career fascinating facts. Jerzy Ficowski’s bibliography also reveals a number of interesting questions. A meticulously ordered list shows a number of his avatars – those of a Schulz scholar, a poet, an expert on the Gypsy culture, and a social and political activist.
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The review of: National Ideology Under Socialism: Identity and Cultural Politics in Ceausescu’s Romania by Katherine Verdery; Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford, Univ. of Calif. Press, 1991, 406 pp.
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Books by: Enikő Buzási, Lome Campbell, H.P. Chapman, Audrey Spiro and Richard Vinograd. Enikő Buzási: Régi Magyar Arcképek—Alté Ungarische Bildnisse (Old Hungarian Portraits) Tatavár—Szombathely, 1988, VIII + 111 pp. Lome Campbell: Renaissance Portraits: European Portrait-Painting in the Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1990, XIII + 289 pp. H. Perry Chapman: Rembrandt’s Self-Portraits: a Study in Seventeenth-Century Identity; Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1990, XIX + 189 pp. Audrey Spiro: Contemplating the Ancients: Aesthetic and Social Issues in Early Chinese Portraiture Berkeley, Los Angeles and Oxford, University of California Press, 1990, XV + 259 pp. Richard Vinograd: Boundaries of the Self: Chinese Portraits, 1600-1900 Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992, XV + 191 pp.
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