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Determinanty bezrobocia osób młodych

Author(s): Marta Bożejewicz,Daria Jankowiak,Michał Miguła,Paweł Stopiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2012

The article attempts to identify factors that influence the length of time spent unemployed persons to 30 years of age. For this purpose, were used two econometric models: the binomial logit and multinomial logit-ordered. Authors made theoretical description of these models. Then, the results obtained from the estimation were presented. They allowed to extract variables having a significant impact on the amount of the unemployment duration. Among the important variables on the studied phenomenon, among others affect age, the situation of surveyed persons a year ago, the place of residence and professional experience.

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Spisy powszechne jako źródło danych do analiz geoprzestrzennych

Author(s): Janusz Dygaszewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2012

This paper describes the spatial address databases which on the basis of data obtained from censuses will allow to prepare analyzes at different levels of aggregation. The main part of the paper is devoted to characteristics of being implemented by the Geostatistical Portal of the Polish CSO (PGS). The creation of the PGS allows to present results of the Agricultural Census 2010 and the National Census of Population and Housing 2011 and disseminate the aggregated data in the form of spatial analyses. The article gives some examples of “ready” services on the PGS, and brought closer the possibility of generating a variety of own analyzes using the site functions.

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Dynamiczny dobór cech w taksonomicznej analizie obiektów

Author(s): Małgorzata Machowska–Szewczyk,Agnieszka Sompolska-Rzechuła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2012

The primary objective of the article is to present results of taxonomic studies, which use a dynamic approach in the selection of features. The resulting set of diagnostic features was used for classification in years 2002–2009 the average level of socio-economic development observed in the Polish voivodships. Procedure was applied taking into account changes in the relationship between adopted variables. The result is a set of diagnostic features, used to forecast the development of the phenomenon under investigation. The classification was carried out by assessing the similarity of years in terms of the average level of socio-economic development in the regions with the Penrose distance. Adjusting the dendrogram (tree diagram), obtained by application of the furthest neighborhood method, was measured using the cophenetic correlation coefficient.

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Wpływ modyfikacji systemu emerytalnego na finanse Funduszu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych

Author(s): Władysława Łuczka-Bakuła,Lidia Jabłońska-Porzuczek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 08/2012

The paper analyzes the revenue and expenditure of the Social Insurance Fund (SIF) from 1999 to 2010. This period covers the first years of the reformed social security system and the time at which a number of regulatory change was introduced. In the analyzed period both revenue and expenditure of social insurance increased, while revenues grew faster than expenses. The higher revenue growth marked by subsidies from the state budget than revenues from social security premiums. Among the largest share of expenditure accounted for transfers to the population, which were paid primarily in the form of pensions. The analysis shows that the reform of social security system, despite the delays in the implementation of certain objectives, contributed to many positive changes. It affected the growth of insured persons, a drop in payments of inability to work, and the increase in the average age of persons who have been granted pension benefits.

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Rola statystyki w kształtowaniu polityki rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego krajów Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Renata Bielak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 08/2012

The task of statistics is to provide reliable information to different user groups, including recipients of statistics at different levels of decision-making. Providing information support in decision making and policy-making in socioeconomic development is an ambitious challenge and requires a lot of responsibility. The article presents the activities carried out by the Polish official statistics, which are used to improve the effectiveness of strategic management at national and European level. In particular, the role of statistics was presented in the development and monitoring of strategic documents and in the process of implementing new mechanisms to coordinate economic policy.

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Bezpieczeństwo finansowe transakcji dłużnych – wyniki badań empirycznych

Author(s): Beata Zofia Filipiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

The problem of financial security becomes extremely topical in the face of changes in the system of debt commitment. This article aims to identify the attitudes of local government in shaping the financial security of debt transactions in the light of the study. This paper presents the decision-making process as a measure of transaction security. The discussed position of debt transactions is the object of interest of financial security. The results of empirical studies regarding the attitudes and behaviour of financial security associated with such debt transactions were presented.

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URBANA SOCIOLOGIJA U RADOVIMA KLASIČNE NJEMAČKE I ČIKAŠKE SOCIOLOGIJE

Author(s): Alisabri Šabani / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 1-2/2014

The paper discusses the contributions of German classical sociologist to urban sociology at the beginning of the last century, with particular emphasis on the work of Georg Simmel. Highlights the fact that they much influenced to the work of R.E. Park and L. Wirth, as the central figure in the Chicago classical urban sociology. Despite the fact that the German and Chicago urban experience is different, the urban theory represents continuity in these traditions. Modern thinking on urban are unthinkable without reflection on these traditions.

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ACCOUNTABILITY STRUGGLES IN DEMOCRATIC ARGENTINA: CIVIC ENGAGEMENT FROM THE HUMAN RIGHTS MOVEMENT TO THE NÉSTOR KIRCHNER ADMINISTRATION

Author(s): Enrique Peruzzotti / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2010

Argentina’s current democratic period, inaugurated in 1983, has differed markedly from the country’s previous democratic experiences as a result of a new form of relationship between citizens and politicians, particularly the emergence of a more sophisticated and demanding citizenry determined to translate preexisting ideals of democratic representation into a novel civic concern for governmental accountability. The dramatic experience of state terrorism under the last military dictatorship, which governed the country from 1976 to 1983, gave rise to a new actor—the human rights movement—which would play a crucial pedagogic role in Argentine society, introducing a much-needed concern for rights and the rule of law into the country’s political culture. The emergence in broad sectors of Argentine civil society of a new civic sensibility regarding breaches of law by public officials resulted in the rise of a new breed of civic politics aimed at improving the accountability of government.

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NEW POVERTY IN ARGENTINA AND RUSSIA: SOME BRIEF COMPARATIVE CONCLUSIONS

Author(s): Gabriel Kessler,María Mercedes Di Virgilio,Svetlana Yaroshenko / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2010

In general, the concept of new poverty focuses on the emergence of groups characterized by strong downward mobility, as well as previously unknown types of poverty. Its specific definition, therefore, varies among countries. The cases of Russia and Argentina illustrate this variation. In Russia, new poverty became a subject of debate following the market reforms of the 1990s, several years later than in Argentina. Poverty in post-Soviet Russia has a number of specific features. Firstly, it is a widespread phenomenon. Impoverishment peaked in 1999: at that time, depending on the standards used, the share of poor people was between 20 and 50 percent. Since the early 2000s, owing to economic stabilization, the number of poor people has been slowly reduced, but the share of the population with incomes lower than the subsistence minimum is still high—between 8 and 35 percent of Russians. Secondly, it is a problem that affects previously secure social strata, the so-called “new poor”: economically active people who were protected in Soviet times but now face sustained downward mobility and employment insecurity.

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Вариант на обучение за устойчиво развитие и околна среда чрез примери на проблемно- ситуационни методи

Author(s): Mariya Gyulemetova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

In a rapidly changing social and natural environment, higher education is called upon to play a very complex and multi-faceted role in the process of sustainable development.The purpose of the article is to share a training option for sustainable development and the environment through examples of problem – situation methods.

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Природни бедствия в България – кризисни събития за периода 2010 – 2018 г.

Author(s): Ralitza Berberova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The paper presents an overview of the occurrence of crisis events from natural processes and phenomena in our country. Official data from the National Statistical Institute covering the period 2010–2018 were researched. The results show that natural disasters are among the most common causes of crises. Over half of the reported crises of a natural origin are the result of floods.

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AGRARIAN MODERNIZATION, LAND CONFLICTS, AND PEASANT MOBILIZATION IN RUSSIA AND ARGENTINA

Author(s): Oane Visser,Karina Bidaseca / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2010

The current neoliberal agrarian policies in Russia and Argentina (and the former Soviet Union and Latin America at large) have been strongly influenced by the Western agribusiness model of the agrarian economy. Following periods of state-led agrarian development (a planned economy until 1991 in Russia and a state-led market economy in Argentina until 1990), the rural sector in these countries is now characterized by free prices and relatively free import and export policies. In both countries, actors (governments, agribusinesses, or academics) in search of international models or partners predominantly looked to the highly productive agriculture in the West. In Russia, for example, Western advisors from the World Bank were involved in the design of privatization and liberalization policies in Russia in the early 1990s. In addition, as international farm consultancy and farm exchange programs originate in the West, and, furthermore, Russian agrarian academics have mainly used Western agriculture as a yardstick for comparison.

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НАУКА: ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА ХХ ВЕКА: СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ БЕДНОСТИ

Author(s): Milyausha Zakirova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2010

Review of: Миляуша Закирова - Латинская Америка ХХ века: социальная антропология бедности / Отв. ред. Б.И. Коваль. М.: Наука, 2006. 287 с. ISBN 978-5-0203-5134-9

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Эволюция образа трудовой деятельности населения в газете «Правда» (1946–1953 годы)

Author(s): M. A. Klinova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 31/2020

This article deals with the reconstruction of the content and specificity of the image of standard labor activity in the USSR as constructed in the newspaper Pravda from 1946 to 1953. The use of quantitative and qualitative methods (content analysis and discourse analysis) reveals explicit and implicit dynamics of this formal image of labor. The first and fifteenth editions from each month were sampled for a total of 192 issues. The analysis concludes that “correct” employment strategy of the population, as it was developing in the USSR in the 1930s and was preserved during the 1940s, included selfless and joyful labor for the good of the Motherland. The welfare of private citizens was shaped by its close dependence on the country’s welfare, which was paramount in relation to personal benefits. Changes in the political situation and trajectory of policies in 1953 led to shifts in labor policy, including a decrease labor complexity, heroism, and labor of joy experienced in the labor process. One result of (but not motive for) the normalization of labor was a rise in personal incomes, and income was not determined by the capabilities of the state or the worker’s overall labor contribution. Concern for improving the welfare of the population was increasingly interpreted as the country’s primary task.

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Wpływ kryzysu gospodarczego z 2008 roku na sektor meblarski w Polsce i Włoszech oraz czynniki adaptacji firm do sytuacji rynkowej

Author(s): Wojciech Dyba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2018

The 2008 economic crisis had a mild and temporary negative impact on the production and turnovers in the furniture sector in Poland, much more significant, negative effects were observed in Italy. Surveys among furniture firms in Kępno and Livenza furniture clusters allowed to state that relatively easier adaptation of Polish firms to the market situation during and after the crisis was connected with the fact that most domestic manufacturers take advantage of the price factor, while Italian firms did not resign from the offer customisation and exclusive design – which made their products too expensive for consumers under downturn.

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Źródła finansowania start-upów w Niemczech

Author(s): Łukasz Niklewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2018

The article defines startup as a young, innovative enterprise operating on markets with high growth prospects. In order to cope with maintaining the market and growth, new companies depend on adequate financing. The appropriate financing instruments and individual groups of investors are discussed in more detail in the theoretical part of this study. Demand for financial capital in which a startup operates is strongly related to the life cycle, the size of the enterprise and its headquarters. The aim of the considerations taken in this article was to analyze the problems and causes related to the financing of startups. In addition, there were presented relationships between individual phases of a company’s life and available sources of financing. The observations made can be a valuable contribution to the discussion on effective startup funding instruments and current restrictions and difficulties in quick capital acquisition. The sources of empirical data were reports and articles on the financing of startups in Germany.

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JAROSLAV VACULÍK, MIROSŁAW PIWOWARCZYK (EDS.) - ČEŠI A POLÁCI NA UKRAJINĚ VE 20. STOLETÍ. CZESI I POLACY NA UKRAINIE W XX WIEKU

Author(s): Pavel Otmar Krafl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2020

Review of: Pavel Otmar Krafl - VACULÍK, Jaroslav, Miroslaw PIWOWARCZYK, Anna HARATYK and Petr KALETA. Češi a Poláci na Ukrajině ve 20. století. Czesi i Polacy na Ukrainie w XX wieku (Czechs and Poles in Ukraine in the 20th Century). 1., elektronické vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2018. 266 pp. ISBN 978-80-210-9196-2.

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Приложение на европейската инициатива за обучение по медийна грамотност в България

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Приложение на европейската инициатива за обучение по медийна грамотност в България

Author(s): Danail Danov,Madlen Danova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

The article examines the implementation of the International Project “European Initiative for Media Literacy Training” in Bulgaria by Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, one of the seven participants in this large-scale three-year event, which also included the European Association of Viewers Interests (EAVI), the Netherland’s Nationale Academie voor Media & Maatschappij, the Pedagogical Institute – Athens, the University of Lisbon (Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Iscte), the European University of Cyprus and the Romanian branch of the Active Watch Foundation (Active Watch, Bucharest). Without focusing on the project's objectives directly related to improving the level of media literacy in five countries of Southern Europe – Bulgaria, Greece, Cyprus, Portugal and Romania, the article focuses in detail on its implementation in Bulgaria, including activities on analysis and planning, the implementation itself and the successful results achieved. These include the development of a flexible system for qualification and retraining of teachers working in the field of media literacy, the inclusion of various aspects of media literacy in curricula in the education system, training allowing participants to use digital tools and platforms for ascending personal and professional development; and improving the overall public awareness of the nature and role of media literacy in the 21st century.

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Analiza zmian poziomu zrównoważonego rozwoju powiatów w Polsce w latach 2006–2016

Author(s): Rafał Czyżycki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/1/2018

In Poland, the need to implement regional policy by local government units in accordance with sustainable development principles results directly from the rules of law. Taking into account specific environmental and economic conditions in individual regions, local authorities, having the right to give preference to different aspects of socio-economic development when creating regional strategies of regional development, are obliged to implement the concept of sustainable development in those strategies. The aim of the article is to specify the degree of changes in the level of sustainable development in individual districts in Poland in the years 2005-2016 in general and in the area of economic, environmental, social as well as institutional and political order.

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Intellectual Property in the Context of Global Ethics

Author(s): Cristina LAZARIUC,Ecaterina Lozovanu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Today we are the subjects and witnesses of the continuous development and transformation of society, which has made rapid leaps from modern to the informational and knowledge-based society. In this sense, in order to ensure technological, economic and social progress, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) must become the only key element for protecting ideas, stimulating innovation and creativity, designing and contributing to the creation of technology. In this article the authors emphasize the need to address IPR in the context of global ethics, because IPR is also the social responsibility and moral duty of every global citizen, whether creative or consumer, to respect the cultural and intellectual heritage of humanity and to contribute to its diversification and to overcome the challenges of the contemporary world in the digital age. In the current context of the globalization of economic, social and even spiritual life, the need for morality of people is becoming more and more pressing, on which we will continue to focus our concerns, because any new issue addressed includes a component of global ethics.

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