We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Амерички тромесечник „Foreign Affairs" прославио је с овогодишњом октобарском свеском десетогодишњицу свога излажења, доносећи читав низ чланака својих одличних сарадника, с погледом унатраг на прошлих десет година. На уводном месту дао је чланак Бенедета Крочеа „О слободи", који овде доносимо у преводу, честитајући славу нашем угледном америчком другу.
More...
The distinction between kinds of guilt has not lost its power to illuminate matters, and it remains a great tool to study the consequences of forgetting guilt of any kind. Karl Jaspers made the distinction between kinds of guilt mainly to ease the Germans coping with guilt, as all of them were blamed for the evil that happened under Adolf Hitler. Jaspers believed that in using this distinction the German nation could have come back to its origins, and thus purified, take its part in the possible future unity of the world and of all mankind. But soon after World War II ended, a confluence of political, social, psychological and philosophical factors contributed to a situation in which a large number of culprits were not brought to account: criminals were rarely rightly punished. In addition, many Germans believing in the ideology of National Socialism felt no guilt in terms of morality; they downplayed the political guilt; they negated the very existence of the metaphysical guilt. The process of forgetting guilt occurred.
More...
Torture can be defined as a serious violation of physical and mental integrity of one person or individual. The term 'torture' means any act by which intentionally inflicted severe pain or suffering be it physical or mental, upon a person for such purposes to take advantage of him or another person of any kind of information or confession, by punishing him for an act he or another person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or forcing to admission of guilt, or for any kind of discrimination.• From here we can extract three essential elements which constitute torture:•Causing pain or physical or mental suffering •Deliberate(intentionally) infliction of pain• The pursuit of a specific goal for example: getting information, admission of guilty. The practice of inflating pain and torture is something dating from ancient times, and seems like nothing falls more contrary to claims for humanity and civilization. However, torture has become more prevalent in spite of, and has evolved side by side with civilization. Cases in which practiced torture, time of which it dates, democratic values that's violate torture and normative rules under international acts will be subject of this paper
More...
The article examines the artistic appearance of Ljubomir Micić, a professor of philosophy who unusually early leaves the scientific field for which he was educated and rejects the civil service. Micić's notion of barbarogenius was interpreted through the constitutive imbalance between national and international. The generality and supranational character of the New Man most often failed to amortize national particularity, and even less to offer a solution for all national difficulties and challenges. Contrary to common interpretations, the author argues in support of the thesis that Micić's concept of barbarogenius does not have any national cultural peculiarities. Therefore, there is nothing specifically Serbian or national about him that could be offered internationally, exchanged or made international. The reasons are found through a comparative reading of some ideas of romanticism in relation to the early avant-garde movements. Figures that Micić explicitly uses: heroism of spirit, goodness of heart, purity of soul, immediate humanity, are too formal and general, more at the level of ideals and programs than experience and reality. After all, each nation could attribute them to itself. All cultures cherish examples of kindness, self-sacrifice, extraordinary gestures of humanity with special care. Hence, barbarism is everyone's and no one's.
More...
This work is dedicated to the exploration of that aspect of Nietzsche’s thought which we use to frame the epochal facet of his cultural-philosophical standpoint. It is specific because it’s not strictly articulated in his work, although he was, as we’ll show, also a thinker of cultural fundaments. His study of those fundaments was tied with intervention in the modern state of European culture which was, according to him, “debased in nihilism”. Therefore, his cultural-philosophical standpoint was crucially shaped by studying the origins of that nihilism, and the quest to overcome it. The aspect related to questioning of origins of nihilism was marked by Nietzsche’s relationship with Judeo-Christian and modern man, while the quest to overcome it was marked by his relation to Hellenic and “future” man. That bidirectional movement of his thought is linked to his genealogical method used to describe “man’s prehistorical work on himself”, as well as his effort to grasp the state of contemporary man, which, as he thought, couldn’t be observed from existing cultural-interpretative frameworks.
More...
The text was translated from German by Antanas Gailius Kaip žinoma, buvęs automatas, sukonstruotas taip, kad į kiekvieną šachmatininko ėjimą atsakydavęs ėjimu, užtikrindavusiu jam pergalę partijoje. Turkiškais apdarais aprengta lėlė su kaljanu burnoje sėdėjo prie lentos, padėtos ant erdvaus stalo. Veidrodžių sistema buvo kuriama iliuzija, kad šis stalas iš visų pusių perregimas. Iš tikrųjų po juo sėdėjo kuprotas neūžauga, kuris buvo šachmatų meistras ir už virvelių vedžiojo lėlės ranką. Ga-lima įsivaizduoti šio aparato filosofinį atitikmenį. Laimėti visados privalo lėlė, vadinama „istoriniu materializmu“. Ji gali žaisti partiją su bet kuo, jeigu tik pasitelks sau tarnauti teologiją, kuri šiandien, žinia, yra mažaūgė ir atgrasi, o ir šiaip nedrįsta pasirodyti.
More...
When historical events are re-evaluated from the point of view of the current period, it can make the individual think of different possible causes and consequences. With such an approach, the history is constructed with its alternatives. Thus, the uchronia/alternate history, which is essentially a subgenre of the science fiction in literature, emerges. Ucronia, in the most general sense, suggests a possible history by presenting different perspectives on events that took place in world history. Stefan Köhler's novel Deutschlands Rückkehr, published in 2021, reconstructs the Second World War as Uchronia, drags Adolf Hitler on a different adventure. In this study, first of all, general informations about the uchronia will be given, then Köhler's novel will be examined as an example of this genre. Thus, the traces of the transformed history in the novel will be revealed. It is aimed to contribute to field studies by examining with a text-based method the coming together of fiction and history and the literarization of history.
More...
Review of: Gheorghe Dănișor, Solitude-Isolement du monde - Une philosophie sur l'histoire échouée de l'humanité, publication L'Harmattan, ISBN: 978-2-14-034427-5, 2023, 284 pgs.
More...
Božidar Knežević (1862–1905) was a Serbian philosopher of history. His philosophico-historical system is presented in his two-volume Principles of History (Law of Order [succession] in History, 1898; and Proportion in History, 1901). Knežević was a proponent of Spencerism, the philosophy of the then most popular philosopher, Herbert Spencer. For Knežević, history, as a positive science, is actually the real philosophy, and the true goal of history is the brotherhood of humankind: “it remains for scientific history to bind man to man; history is to bind all peoples and all times, to bring them closer to one another and to reconcile them”. He saw global history as an evolutionary ascent to moral and intellectual unification of humankind. Knežević’s book of aphorisms (on morality, history, religion etc.) The Thoughts (1902) was very popular. He translated writings of Henry Thomas Buckle, Thomas Carlyle and Thomas Babington Macaulay into Serbian. He translated from French, German and Russian as well. Abridged versions of his writings and selected aphorisms are published in English (History, the Anatomy of Time: The Final Phase of Sunlight, translated by George Vid Tomashevich, Sherwood A. Wakeman, Philosophical Library, New York, 1980).
More...
Father Professor PhD Academician Dumitru Stăniloae put together, during his life, an impressive theological system, a multidisciplinary one, for which he used sources and information coming from a multitude of domains. Father Professor Stăniloae was particularly interested in philosophy, and he dialogued with the works of numerous philosophers on themes regarding the Christian theology. The purpose of our paper is to highlight the way that Father Stăniloae consolidated his theological system in, by using the philosophical means and dialogue. In order to do that, we have argued why we reckon that Father Stăniloae put together a theological system, and then we have identified some of the philosophers mentioned by Father Stăniloae in his works and the themes which he dialogued with those philosophers upon. To a limited extent, because of the limited space an article can provide, we have comparatively analyzed the assertion done by the philosophers and the considerations done by Father Stăniloae upon those assertions. In our endeavor, we have been using the qualitative research method (Dörnyei 2011), in order to ensure a necessary and sufficient immersion in the subject of the matter. We think that we have demonstrated that philosophy was one of the contributors which provided consolidation to Father Stăniloae’s theological system.
More...
The article aims to reveal Asen Ignatov’s conceptual foundations for developing a renewed theory within the philosophy of history. The basis of this uniquely constructed doctrine is the specific anthropological discourse interpreted in a metaphysical perspective. This original anthropological philosophy of history is a system of ideas that provides new heuristic possibilities, both in the field of philosophical and historical knowledge and in the field of social science in general. Its significance lies in the real specific turn to the metaphysical foundations of history and in a return to the strong metaphysical tradition in philosophy, which Ignatov considers extremely important for the philosophy of history.
More...
Considering the fact that Rudolf Bultmann was a priest and theologian who was also interested in questions of contemporary philosophy, the author is aiming to inquire are Bultman’s reflections about the problem of history are closer to Christian or contemporary conceptions. The author considers that we could answer that question by analyzing the concept of the eschaton which is the central concept of a Christian understanding of history. The results of this examination should demonstrate that Bultman’s understanding of the concept of the eschaton is different from traditional Christian concepts. In that manner, Bultman’s conceptions contribute to the fact that some Christian ideas continue to live through the prism of existentialist philosophy.
More...
In this paper, we examine Rousseau’s and Kant’s understanding of enlightenment through the lens of the idea of “unsociable sociability”, with the aim of showing that Rousseau’s critique of Enlightenment offers a different idea of courage from the one advocated by Kant in his essay What is Enlightenment?. In the first part of the paper, we explore Kant's idea of “unsociable sociability”, which he understands as a mechanism that leads to enlightenment and intellectual independence, demonstrating that the roots of this idea can be found in Rousseau's philosophical history of humanity. In the next step, we show how Rousseau argues against the idea of progress that Kant locates in “unsociable sociability”. Finally, based on these analyses, we show that Rousseau criticized Enlightenment and knowledge from the perspective of republican freedom, which, according to him, requires a different form of relationship between society and unsociability, and thus an alternative understanding of courage from that contained in Kant’s appeal “Sapere aude!”.
More...
The paper compares Comenius’ usage of the terms unum, verum and bonum in his metaphysical writings both with the expression of the image of the Trinity in De civitate dei by Aurelius Augustinus and with the concept of existence as three basic movements in the philosophical work of Jan Patocka. The purpose of the text is to show, despite the differences in historical periods, language and life experience, the possible similarity or connection of the vision that Augustine, Comenius and Patocka mediate in their works.
More...
This paper examines the dialectical relationship between myth and utopia, fantasy and reason. The text presents 'interpretive keys' that enable historical consciousness to interpret the past and critically decipher glimpses of utopia in the traces of the present. The presented theoretical models are primarily those of the Frankfurt School philosophers Benjamin and Adorno, who base their positions on Hegel’s philosophy.
More...
