FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (FT-IR) AND X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETRY (XRD) AS METHODS FOR DISCRIMINATING AMBER AND AMBER-LIKE MATERIALS FROM THE ROMANIAN MARKET

Author(s): ANTONELA NEACȘU,Gheorghe Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

Amber and amber-like material are often found our days in the Romaniangemstone exhibitions. Fake amber is more and more difficult to detect, because modernmanufactured products made of natural resins and/or polymers are so perfect, that they canproduce same esthetic effects of the transparent and colored–like amber pieces.Macroscopically, they can not be separated from amber without a good personal experienceor only applying gemological classic tests. So, modern physico-chemical methods, as Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) are applied, fordiscriminating amber and forgeries.

ABOUT SALT EXPLOITATION FROM OCNA MUREŞ SALINE - ROMANIA

Author(s): Nicolae Luduşan,Monica Angela Bara / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

Salt exploitation at Ocna Mureş has been done since antiquity. The Daciansand then the Romans, exploited the salt here without interruption. In the Middle Ages saltwas exploited and then transported by carts to Portus (near Alba Iulia), then to the MureşRiver, to the center of Europe. Exploitation continued in the modern age when, with rawsalt,an important branch of the chemical industry, the chlorosodium industry, has developed.

GIS USING BY EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Author(s): Tudor Borşan,Florina Maria Borșan,ANDREEA MARC / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

The present papertriesto be an example of interdisciplinary research thatcombines the Informatics Geographical Systems with the educational field in the attempt toprovide to the people involved in this domain a new modern and realiable way ofdevelopment through a modern approach.

USING GIS TO DETERMINE THE ENERGY OF RELIEF. PATTERN MODULE METHOD

Author(s): Alexandru Simu / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

Geographic information systems allow the development of varied andcomplex maps and analyzes of geographic components. The quantitative and qualitativeresults of these analyzes find use in the most varied fields ranging from road and railwaysystems to land and forest landscaping

SOME ASPECTS REGARDING TRAFFIC RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Author(s): Ildiko Tulbure,Adina Sarb / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

The developments in the last time did show that beside positive desiredeffects of human economic activities, also negative undesired effects on environment andsociety can appear. Therefore it is impetuous necessary to analyse and evaluate theseunwanted impacts of technological applications, not only on the environment, but also on thesociety. On a global level there is presently a huge debate related to environmental impactassessment of different economic activities and forsuch an assessment different tools can beused. In the present article general remarks about Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) will bepresented, emphasing the emergence of this concept, as well as its usage possibilities in thecontext of different industrial applications. Concretely it will be mentioned that LCA has tobe carried out in different stages and for different phases in the life cycle of a product.Regarding traffic engineering several transport means will be chosen and the pollutantsemissions in their using phase will be assessed and compared. Conclusions regarding thetraffic related environmental impacts will be drawn as well as measures to reduce theseimpacts will be emphasised.

WE LIVE WITH RADIATION

Author(s): Monica Angela Bara,Nicolae Luduşan / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

After the second war, at one time with the anticipation of nuclear fissionimportance, the radioactive elements were “rediscovered” and became very importantenergy sources. In this time was elaborated a lot of studies about the radiation properties,but this study are not accessible for commoners, therefore existing very much exaggeratedinformation about the impact of radiations in to environment. These study presence, in acommon language, the theoretical aspects of radiations and, in final, some dates about theChernobyl accident and the possible sources of supplementary irradiation in the Albadistrict, Romania.

RARE PLANTS IN THE “RÂPA ROŞIE” NATURAL RESERVE

Author(s): Mihaela Mihinda / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

The Complex Râpa Roşie, a real "cathedral natural" spoon in the courseof millions of years bullying Grindstones are a red, houses the bullying lace of forms of aparticular vegetation, plants common European continent, but also with rare species, on theverge of extinction.

STUDY ON SOUND POLLUTION AT THE UNIVERSITY ,,1 DECEMBER 1918" OF ALBA IULIA, ROMANIA

Author(s): Elena Marica,Mihai Teopent Corcheş / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

Sound pollution becomes an increasingly serious problem due to thesignificant increase in artificial noise sources.Exposure to high noise can lead to adeterioration in human health. Issues such as deafness, tinnitus, hearing fatigue, nausea,migraines, neurosis, heart disease, peptic ulcer, colitis, hypertension, sleep problemsNoiseis considered a disturbing factor for study and rest, if it lasts a lot, the performance of theaffected staff is significantly diminished, either student or teacherThe purpose of this study is to determine the level of noise in the University of 1 December1918 in Alba Iulia, to find the students' opinion on noise pollution and to find solutions toreduce noise pollution so as to improve the quality of the learning and resting activities.

MICROELECTRIC POWER STATION- ECOLOGICAL DISASTER ON MOUNTAIN RIVERS

Author(s): Simona Boncutiu,ADELA PLESA / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

The production of "green energy", meaning energy obtained fromrenewable resources, has also become a priority for Romania. According to the EuropeanUnion Directive, the Romanian state must secure over 20% of the required electricity, usingrenewable energy sources, by 2020. The legislation therefore permits, financing is abundant,and the country's energy potential is neither fully exploited. This may sound gratifying, butthe reality is quite different.

MOUNT GĂINA, THE MATRIMONIAL AGENCY OF THE INHABITANTS OF APUSENI MOUNTAINS

Author(s): Nicolae-Rusalim Sicoe / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

The present paper is an essay of the author about the most importantmountain in the Western Carpathians, Mount Gaina, a true Pantheon of Motians, theinhabitants of these mountains. There are many legends, traditions, customs, celebrations,fairs that once were part of the everyday life of its inhabitants

CADASTRAL DELIMITATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE TERRITORY IN ROMANIA, IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE GENERAL URBAN PLANS

Author(s): Eva Koncsag / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

Cadastral delimitation of territorial administrative unitsrepresents a basicactivity in orderto identify, measure and establish the limits of the territorial administrativeunits, containing significant points and border path of the territorial administrative unit, butalso the urban area border.The general urban plan is the main strategic document that establishes the priorities ofthe economic, social and cultural development. The urban activity without a general urbanplan is nothing else but chaos.The general urban plan is a project according to the regional planning and urbandevelopment for all the urban area of the territorial administrative unit. It involves a seriesof analyses, regulations and local statutes for the entire administrative territory (bothintravilan and extravilan). In the same time, the general urban plan establishes generalnorms that will be the base of the detailed plans, zonal urban plan and detailed urban plan.

CRĂCIUNELU DE JOS (JUDEŢUL ALBA) DENUMIRI GEOGRAFICE LOCALE1

Author(s): Ioan Mărculeț,Cătălina Mărculeț / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2017

Crăciunelu de Jos (Alba County) is one settlements whose existence can be traced backseveral centuries ago. It is located in the central area of the Târnava Valley, at a distanceof approximately 6 kilometersfrom the city of Blaj. The precincts of the village have evolvedalongside the meadow as well as on the lower terraces of the valley, at an altitude of 235 m,and the rural area – with a surface of approximately 1.600 hectares- stretches alongsideLopadei Hills, in the North, and Secaşelor Highlands(the subdivision Cergăului Highlands),in the South. Due to the variety of the natural elements and the anthropic activities, inCrăciunelu de Jos one can notice 67 geographical denominations - 6 landforms, 8 streams,3 forests/riverside coppices, 6 village areas and 44 lands - each of them benefitting from abrief characterization.

О режиму великих вода река Косова и Метохије

Author(s): Ljiljana Gavrilović,Nenad Živković / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 4/2009

The examples from Kosovo and Metohia attempted to point to some problems in the domain of hydrogeographic regionalization. The river water regime, especially the phase of high flows which marks this regime, has been the topic of almost all researches which treat water resources of drainage basins. However, the thing that has not been achieved till now is the unique solution by which the classification of rivers would be made according to this feature. On this example it has been shown that even some older methods, based on genetic analysis of hydrograms and of global type, as well as some recent ones, with lot of quantitative entry and regional approaches, cannot with certainty answer all the challenges which river regimes bring with themselves. This work shows that apart from climate, orthographic and physiognomic features of drainage basins, the periods of data processing and the analysis of individual intra-annual series of discharges are very important as well. Discretization on time periods shorter than one month, as well as elimination of the extreme values of discharges in the longtime series is recommended for the future research.

Przedmowa

Author(s): Zygmunt Maksymiuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/1997

Report on the XXVII European Society of Rural Sociology Congress

Author(s): Dominika Zwęglińska-Gałecka / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The Fund Which Changes the Polish Villages

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Koło Naukowe Geografów Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Author(s): Marta Pabich / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2004

Obchody 25-lecia współpracy Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego z Uniwersytetem Justusa Liebiga w Giessen

Author(s): Elżbieta Papińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2004

Around the Bloc: Slovak Astrobiologist Off to Mars (Kind Of)

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 02/13/2018

Young scientist becomes one of a chosen few for a NASA-funded mission to explore what life might be like on the Red Planet.

Dobre praktyki gminy wiejskiej w dziedzinie współpracy międzynarodowej : przypadek Gizałek

Author(s): Stanisław Faliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 113/2017

Artykuł jest poświęcony jednej z ponad półtora tysiąca polskich gmin wiejskich. Stanowi prezentację i analizę współpracy międzynarodowej tej w swojej wielkości - tak rozumianej ludnościowo, jak i powierzchniowo - przeciętnej, leżącej w centralnej Polsce gminy wiejskiej, natomiast jeśli chodzi o aktywność międzynarodową - gminy wyjątkowej. Gizałki bowiem są laureatem dwóch znaczących i prestiżowych nagród międzynarodowych - Dyplomu Europejskiego i Flagi Europejskiej - przyznanych przez Radę Europy za wkład tego samorządu terytorialnego we współpracę europejskich wspólnot lokalnych i udział w budowaniu poczucia wspólnotowości wśród Europejczyków. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono współpracę międzynarodową Gizałek po uzyskaniu przez nie wspomnianych nagród. Na przykładzie Gizałek ukazano ewolucję współpracy międzynarodowej polskiej gminy wiejskiej, charakter tej współpracy oraz jej etapy i uwarunkowania. (abstrakt oryginalny) The article describes one of over one thousand five hundred Polish rural communities. It presents and evaluates international cooperation of this rural community, located in central Poland, with an average population and area, but exceptional when it comes to its international activity. Gizałki (that is the name of the community) is so exceptional because it is the winner of two significant and prestigious international awards - the European Diploma and the Flag of Honour granted by the Council of Europe for its contribution to the cooperation of all European local communities, as well as for participation in building a sense of community among European citizens. The article presents the international cooperation of Gizałki after having received the above-mentioned awards and shows the evolution, nature, stages and determinants of international cooperation of a Polish rural community on the example of the community of Gizałki.(original abstract)