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The problem of recognition of the Szeletian in Poland – an overview of the subject

Author(s): Martyna Lech / Language(s): English Issue: 56/2021

The influx of new data challenge existing divisions and schemes of archeological units such as the so-called “transitional industries” between the Middle and Upper Paleolithic or the Early Upper Paleolithic. An example of such an industry is Szeletian. After almost 70 years since this word was coined, it is still uncertain what characterizes this industry. To resolve these issues, we need to re-assess the inventory of known Szeletian sites. Across the geographical range of the Szeletian, sites from Poland have not been adequately studied. The analysis of available data showed significant heterogeneity among Szeletian sites in Poland, especially in terms of the distinguishing feature – the leaf points. The next issue is the problem of the distinction between Szeletian, Jerzmanowician, Bohunician, and Jankovichian. In the case of Poland, it is even more challenging because of small assemblages, uncertain context, and lack of publications concerning Szeletian sites.

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Late Neolithic and Bronze Age finds from the High Bieszczady Mountains. Discoveries from 2017-2019

Author(s): Andrzej Pelisiak / Language(s): English Issue: 56/2021

By 2019 more than 70 sites had been discovered in the area of the High Bieszczady Mountains, most of them located within the Połonina Wetlińska massif. The sites discovered in 2017-2019 constitute two groups: sites represented by (1) single artefacts (Wetlina 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, Bukowska Pass, site 1) and (2) small series of artefacts (Wetlina 54, 55, 60, 62). Both groups include artefacts datable to the Late Neolithic and the Bronze Age. Moreover, there are no sufficient grounds to claim homogeneity of assemblages found in Wetlina 54, 55, 60 and 62. It is possible that at least some of these sites could have been used many times during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. These finds confirm seasonal use of the High Bieszczady for grazing animals, probably within a system similar to the transhumant pastoralism practiced in European mountains.

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Can similarities be found in the cults of prehistoric hunters and farmers? Analysis of ‘dance’ scenes of four beings of the Mesolithic from Alta, Finnmark, Norway, and of the beginning of the Eneolithic from Střelice, southwestern Moravia, Czech Repu

Author(s): Jaromír Kovárník / Language(s): English Issue: 56/2021

The ways of life of hunters, fishers and gatherers are noticeably different from those of farmers. Surviving evidence of their cultures is very rare. Although we are aware that it is very difficult to interpret and compare them, sometimes external similarities can be observed, such as in the depiction of human figures, particularly female figurines (also in zoomorphic sculptures) in the Upper Palaeolithic (‘the Cult of Hunters’) and in the Neolithic (‘Field Fertility Cult’ and ‘Domestic Animals Fertility Cult’). The depiction of a woman and three men with their arms stretched upwards on a famous vase of Moravian – East-Austrian group, Phase MOG IIa (around 4525–4375 BC) of the Painted Pottery culture from Střelice in the Czech Republic is significant, and has been interpreted by the author as an example of hieros gamos (i.e. a dialogue with space). This vase has considerable similarity with a petroglyph of a circular dance, again obviously depicting a woman and three men holding hands, from Alta in northern Norway, one of the central ‘galleries’ of hunters (5 stages, the oldest being 5300 BC). We can only assume (with just a certain amount of probability) that they depict a story (rite or myth?) in the form of a ‘language of symbols’ (e.g. a restoration of ‘Mother Earth’).

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RESTAURAREA UNUI VAS ENEOLITIC DESCOPERIT ÎN SITUL DE LA PIETROASA MICĂ - GRUIU DĂRII

Author(s): Daniela Ștefan,Laurențiu Grigoraș / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

The vessel was discovered during the 2019 campaign carried out at Pietroasa Mică - Gruiu Dării (Pietroasele Commune, Buzău County), in an Late Eneolithic layer (containing a mixture of Cernavoda I and Cucuteni B archaeological materials) of trench 11 (S11). The pottery sherds belonging to this vessel were found in the perimeter occupied by the complex 295 (C295) – remains of a burnt wattle and daub structure. It was identified like a cluster of ceramic fragments laid out on a small surface, the vessel being broken on place following the collapse of the structure walls. The ceramic fragments were subjected to wet and mechanical cleaning treatments, the assembly with adhesive being made from the base to the top of the vessel. The filling of the cracks and the missing parts was made with plaster modeling plasticine. Water-based (acrylic) colors, slightly different from the original color of the vessel, were used for the chromatic integration of the reconstituted areas. During the applied treatments, substances and materials were used that respect the principles of reversibility and legibility of the restoration process. Proof photos were taken at all stages of the restoration and, after the completion of the technological procedures, the specialized documentation (restoration file) was prepared. The restoration resulted in a storage vessel with the following dimensions: H = 54 cm; Dmax. = 51 cm; Dmouth = 25 cm; Dbase = 19 cm. The vessel has a flat base; the body is bitronconic and asymmetrical; the neck is vertical and short, and the rim is rounded and flared. The vessel preserved a cone-shaped handle, perforated transversely and applied in the area of maximum diameter. The paste is semi-fine, compact, with relatively few inclusions (crushed shell valves and small pebbles). The color of the vessel is brown-gray, uneven, with gray spots, the process of burning being oxidizing, poorly controlled. Storage vessels, similar in term of shape and size to that found at Gruiu Dării, were discovered in a few other sites with Late Eneolithic layers, mainly located in the Cucuteni cultural area. The radiocarbon data, carried out on faunal osteological samples taken in previous campaigns from this site, places the discoveries belonging to the Late Eneolithic layers from Gruiu Dării in the chronological interval 3760-3540 calibrated BC.

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White-on-red painted pottery in the Early Neolithic: a comparative analysis

Author(s): Canay Alpagut / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Painted pottery plays a significant role in explaining early farming communities. The remarkable styles of white-on-red painted pottery can be considered one of the most well-known characteristics in the Early Neolithic Balkans. This preliminary study attempts to clarify the picture, comparing white-on-red painted pottery between sites in the Balkans, the Aegean and Western Anatolia. Correspondence analysis and distribution maps are used to explore regional and interregional connections.

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Methodological considerations on the dactyloscopic analysis performed on an anthropomorphic statuette from the Cucuteni A-B phase

Author(s): Adela Kovács / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Even if forensics and archaeology are separate sciences, they have in common a methodology for searching and discovering the traces, as a result of human activities carried out in the past. An archaeological fingerprint on a single object can reveal four aspects: it provides a sign of an individual’s identity; it indicates when the individual was alive; it indicates the geographical area in which the individual lived; it indicates the action performed by a person, such as writing a text, sealing an object, having a specific job etc. The collection, storage and comparative use of data, preferably from the entire area of the Cucuteni culture, could reveal more details about the man behind the artefact. As for fingerprints that can be corroborated with other historical sources, they can provide information about the role, occupation, or authority of individuals within society, or they can provide information about the duration of individual activities. The anthropomorphic statuette we are discussing in the present study comes from the Cucuteni A-B phase site in Ripiceni-Holm, Botoșani County, Romania and has a small imprint on the left knee. We framed that imprint typologically, observed it and discuss the limits and possibilities of analysis of the imprints within the Cucuteni culture.

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Câteva vase de cult de la Scânteia-Dealul Bodești/La nuci (jud. Iași)

Author(s): Cornelia-Magda Lazarovici / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

In the present study we presented some vessels and fragments of cult vessels (support vessels such as chorus, kernoi, rhyta) discovered at Scânteia, which along with numerous anthropomorphic and zoomorphic idols, as well as other pieces indicate the existence of a main settlement with a cult role.

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Noi descoperiri în vechi colecții: un vas antropomorf de tip „dublu Janus” descoperit la Trușești

Author(s): Senica Turcanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

The main purpose of our study is to (re) introduce into the scholarly circuit – with all the necessary details – an anthropomorphic vessel of a particular type discovered in Trușești-Țuguieta (Botoșani County) more than six decades ago (pl. 1-2). Its correct typological description and classification brings a new perspective on the symbolism embedded in these vessels, as an important category of sacred objects, which have a hermeneutic potential still not completely unveiled. Published in the site monograph as a vessel with a “lobed body” , the container is an anthropomorphic vessel regarded up to the present as one of a kind within the archaeological discoveries in the Cucuteni-Trypillia area. Viewed from any of its four sides, the vessel depicts the front of a female anthropomorphic figure. Specifically, it depicts the abdominal area and hips of four female figures positioned back-to-back. The female shapes are rendered in a typical representation for the Cucuteni anthropomorphic vessels, with emphasis on the abdomen and groin area, on the wide-shaped hips merges with the rest of the vessel. Referring to the typological classification made previously by us for some of the anthropomorphic vessels with a quasi-symmetrical profile, regarded as double-sided vessels of “janiform type” (pl. 3/3-4; 4), one can assert that this four-sided container is of “double Janus” type, being characterized by a feature that has been defined as an “image multiplication”. The presentation of the “double Janus”-type vessel of Trușești also gives us an opportunity to review the known archaeological data regarding the finding contexts of anthropomorphic vessels, of Cucuteni or from the contemporary and neighboring cultural areas. Their analysis allowed us to notice certain patterns of usage and abandonment of these containers, as well as the high frequency of certain associations with other types of rare artifacts, many indicated in archaeological studies as “cult pieces”. The synthesized data support the role of such anthropomorphic vessels as paraphernalia, artifacts that were used in ritual scenographies with a precisely defined role (which today can only be guessed), which is also polysemantic, being a special channel of nonverbal communication.

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Din colecțiile Muzeului Național al Banatului din Timișoara. II. Brățara de tip Regelsbrunn de la Ghilad (județul Timiș)

Author(s): Sorin Felea,Florin Gogâltan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

In the collections of the National Museum of Banat from Timisoara there is a very nice multi-spiral bracelet made of bronze plate, belonging to the Regelsbrunn type. The piece from Ghilad (Timiș County) is decorated with a median rib, and on the edges is arranged a string of pearls, made in the au repoussé technique. One end of the piece ends with a volute, and the other with a spiral, consisting of five turns. The bracelet was discovered in 1867 next to a ceramic vessel in a burial grave. Based on analogies, it dated back to the Late Bronze Age II (Bz C2/D - beginning of Ha A1 Central European) ca. 1450-1250 BC. It probably circulated in the late Cruceni-Belegiš cultural environment, characteristic of the low plain of Banat. Also on this occasion is published the multi-spiral bronze bracelet from Gornea (Sichevița commune, Caraș-Severin county), located in the collections of the Vršac City Museum, belonging to the same Regelsbrunn type. Due to the full section, the bracelet was cast, and then the ends were hammered in the form of spirals. Later it was decorated on either side of the median rib with a string of pearls made in the au repoussé technique. The piece was acquired by the Vršac Museum in 1905 and seems to come from a hoard found in 1882 in Gornea „Păzăriște”, in the Romanian Banat. It is also dated to the Late Bronze Age II (Bz C2/D - beginning of Ha A1 Central European) ca. 1450-1250 BC. Along with other discoveries in the area of the Danube Iron Gates, it probably circulated in the late Dubovac-Žuto Brdo-Gârla Mare cultural environment.

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The Iron Age sites in the northern Area of Sabalan Mountain and current migration routes of the Shahseven tribes: a comparative study

Author(s): Pasha Pashazadeh,Reza Rezalou,Hossein Alizadeh / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2022

The current migration routes may represent an excellent record while studying nomadic populations in the past. And although we can only extrapolate the current situation or the results of comparative studies to the past without equating them, migration routes may be used as research contexts of high reliability. The slopes of Sabalan Mountain in the northwest of Iran is among principal summer pastures used by the herders of the Shahseven tribes. Here, the vast majority of Iron Age sites are cemeteries not associated with settlements, so in the past the area was used by the nomads for their summer camps. During the research of migration routes of the modern-day Shahseven leading to the summer pastures, multiple Iron Age cemeteries, as well as fortified settlements and campsites, were discovered. In large-scale field investigations, archaeological sites were thoroughly surveyed to locate them in relation to current migration routes and to verify possible relationship between them. In the research area, sites were studied both by number and by categories, and the sought-for relationship has been established. It is obvious that the sites are concentrated along migration routes. Both on the mountain slopes and adjacent plains, traces of ten pathways of primary and secondary importance were recovered, and Iron Age sites are found throughout along them. Hence, some modern migration routes appeared to have been in use during the Iron Age, although the traditional ancient pathways may not have been entirely the same as modern ones.

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Rekonstrukcje obiektów archeologicznych w Polsce. Szanse i wyzwania w perspektywie rozwoju turystyki archeologicznej

Author(s): Michał Pawleta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

The aim of this article is to define the role performed by full-size reconstructions of archaeological sites in the perspective of the development of archaeological tourism in contemporary Poland. These issues will be discussed in the context of the transformations of attitudes of the modern man towards the past, as well as the phenomenon of „commodification” of the past, as a result of which it is converted into marketable products in the form of goods, services or experiences. After defining the forms of contemporary cultural tourism, including archaeological tourism as well as living history tourism, the characteristics of the so-called tourism product and the criteria of its classification will be presented. From the perspective of this aspect reconstructions of archaeological sites will then be discussed, including the potential they have to offer in creating archaeological tourism products, as well as the risks associated with them.

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ConsiderațIi Privind Importanța Unei Litoteci Arheologice îN Cercetarea Microregională a Artefactelor Litice. Studiu de Caz: Descoperirile Neo-Eneolitice Din Depresiunea Neamț-Topolița

Author(s): Traian Anton / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 21/2022

In-depth knowledge of the sources of supply of lithic and non-lithic raw materials, used in Neolithic and Eneolithic sites, represents one of the important challenges of archaeological, archaeometric, geological research, in a continuous multi- and interdisciplinary approach. In this sense, for the multilateral investigation of Neolithic and Eneolithic lithic tools, the establishment and operationalization of microzonal and regional archaeological lithothecs is essential. In the present work, the author presents a brief history of archaeological lithothecs and their current status worldwide and the Romanian experience in this field. In order to achieve an applied treatment, it shows what were the concerns related to the petroarchaeological research on the Neolithic and Eneolithic lithic artifacts discovered in the Neamt subcarpathian depressions and pleads for the necessity and importance of creating a microzonal archaeological lithotheque (Cracău-Bistrița and Neamț-Topolița Depression), focusing - and the approach to the last geographical subunit, as a necessary condition for making real steps forward in this complex field.

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News on old sites: the Middle Palaeolithic occupation at Cheia – La Izvor (Southeastern Romania)

Author(s): Adrian Doboş,Valentin Dumitraşcu / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

Our paper presents new information regarding the site of Cheia – La Izvor. New radiocarbon ages were obtained, and they confirm that the occupation was at around 36 ka BP (ca. 40 ka cal BP). The faunal analysis has revealed that the cave seems to have functioned as a shelter for carnivores, with the remains of cave bear predominating. Other carnivores, such as cave hyenas, wolves and foxes, most likely also contributed to the accumulation of bones, with large, middle and small prey species represented. No anthropogenic traces were identified on the bones. The very small lithic collection comprises mostly formal tools, thus accounting for a short-term, logistic occupation of the site.

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Éléments lithiques Hamangia des sites de Ceamurlia de Jos et Baia – Golovița (dép. de Tulcea)

Author(s): Laurence Manolakakis,Florian Mihail / Language(s): French Issue: 18/2022

Following the recovery of the collections from D. Berciu’s excavations in Ceamurlia de Jos and Baia – Golovița, the lithic industries have been subjected to a characterization of the materials and to a technological and typological study. The exploitation focused mainly on local materials knapped on site, but the sites are also integrated into the circulation networks of semi finished products. The question of microlithism of Mesolithic origin is debated.

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Considerations regarding the macrobotanical remains from ceramic vessels found at Șoimuș – La Avicola (Ferma 2), Hunedoara County

Author(s): Mihaela Golea / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

In 2011, a joint team from various cultural institutions (“Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation and National Romanian History Museum) have collaborated in rescue excavations on the A1 highway (Lugoj–Deva). This research uncovered a multi stratified settlement with occupations dated to the Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Roman and Medieval periods. The Neolithic period (Vinča culture) is represented by two main layers. Radiocarbon dated the Neolithic occupation between the end of the sixth millennium and the beginning of the fifth millennium BC (Vinča culture, B and C phases). It this study, the contents of twenty one complete and fragmented ceramic pots were analysed. The infill sediment from these vessels was wet sieved. The soil infill of eleven vessels yielded macrobotanical remains, mainly charred seeds. The context of these pots are as follows: five vessels were discovered in pits, two were found in dwellings, three came from the occupational layers, and one from an unknown context. The archaeobotanical samples recovered consist of fragments of caryopses, chaff of wheat (Triticum sp.) and einkorn (Triticum monococcum) and some seeds of weeds and shrubs.

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Archaeological research at Pietroasa Mică – Gruiu Dării (2019–2020). The Late Eneolithic period

Author(s): Laurenţiu Grigoraş,Roxana Munteanu,Daniel Garvăn,Valentin Dumitraşcu / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

During 2019–2020, the research of the Eneolithic layers took place in Trench 11 (S11), located in the NW part of the site of Pietroasa Mică - Gruiu Dării. Ten Eneolithic archaeological features were identified and investigated: C113 and C295 (remains of burnt wattle and daub structures); C295a (“agglomeration” of archaeological materials); C298 (group of stones laid out in circular pattern); C296–297 and C299–302 (pits and/or depressions). During these two seasons, several other features cutting some of the mentioned Eneolithic contexts were also investigated: C293 (pit identified in square C), C275 (foundation ditch observed along the entire length of S11 and entering the NE and SW profiles) – both attributed to the Bronze Age; C204 (square D) and C229 (square B) – pits attributed to the Iron Age.Within the Eneolithic layer, two levels were discerned (N.1 and N.2), each with an average thickness of approx. 35–45 cm. Features 113, 295, 295a and 296 were identified in N.1 (the upper Eneolithic layer) and features 297–302 were noticed at the base of N.2 (the lower Eneolithic layer).Numerous and varied archaeological materials were discovered in the Eneolithic depositions of S11: pottery sherds (Cucuteni B2 and alike Cernavoda I ) vessels; zoomorphic and anthropomorphic plastic art; loom weights; tools made of hard materials (stone, bone and antler); adornments and/or pendants; various items of uncertain functionalities. The Eneolithic layers also contained animal osteological remains, scattered deposits or agglomeration of stones and a very large amount of burnt adobe, all mixed up with the abovementioned artifacts. The excavations produced 1380 animal bone remains, respectively 889 from layer 1 and 491 from layer 2. The archaeozoological material is typical of household waste (Tab. 1), with traces of cutting, burning, carnivore activity and rodent teeth marks. Except for a few bird fragments, the material is represented by mammals, mostly domestic. Among the domestic species, ovicaprines and domestic cattle predominate on both levels. Pig and dog contribute with very few skeletal remains. Wild animals are present with rare fragments from red deer, roe deer, wild boar, fox, hare and a small rodent, probably the European ground squirrel. In addition to the mammalian bones, 15 bird bones were also discovered, most of them large, indicating goose or bustard. The livestock economy was focused on ovicaprines and cattle, with pigs playing a very small role. There is evidence that the dog was also consumed. Hunting is poorly represented.

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O fibulă cu sfere de la Poienești și orizontul La Tène C1 extracarpatic

Author(s): Daniel Spânu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2022

Without forming a well defined regional group, the relatively synchronous “Celtic” extracarpathian discoveries (LT C1) form a distinct horizon. For the name of this horizon, one could appeal to the funerary discoveries from Glăvănești (in Moldova) and Telești (in Oltenia). The Glăvănești Telești horizon is subsequent to the “Getic” horizon of the Thracian fibulae (Zimnicea Peretu group) which, in turn, can be synchronized for the time being only to the early La Tène (LT B1–B2). In addition to the chronological justification, the succession of these “horizons” also has a cultural one. The magnificent inventories such as those from Agighiol, Peretu et al. reflects stable “northern Thracian” power structures that could not coexist at the Lower Danube with power structures of intra Carpathian (“Celtic”) origin, e.g. the tomb from Telești. In other words, funerary contexts, such as those at Telești or Mezek, could not be established in the Lower Danube region until, more likely, after the decline of North Thracian power structures. In turn, the Central European cultural patterns mediated by the “Celtic” power structures lost their vigour, expressiveness and consistency at the Lower Danube with the formation of the Poienești Lucașeuca group. The Gebhard 14 type fibula with spheres from Poienești Măgură and the two Werner XIV type horse bits discovered in the same site can be perceived as exponents of the extra Carpathian “Celtic” horizon. By analogy with the fibulae from Wederath (tomb 96) and Kălnovo (tomb 3), the one from Poienești could be dated in the first half of the middle La Tène (maybe even during the LT–C1b sub phase!). The earliest necropolis of the Poienești Lucașeuca group (respectively, the one from Poienești) could not be organized until after the dissolution of the extra Carpathian “Celtic” horizon. The present contribution is not intended to resolve issues related to the precise periodization and absolute dating of the transition between the two successive extra Carpathian horizons, “Celtic” (Glăvănești Telești) and “Bastarnian” (Poienești Lucașeuca). However, the beginnings of the latter horizon cannot be adequately determined without the plenary debate on the end of the former.

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A new sub-group: thoughts on the Phrygian type XII-9/variant A IV fibula from Seyitömer Höyük salvage excavations

Author(s): Emre Erdan,Serdan Ünan / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

Twenty fibulae have been found so far during the Seyitömer Höyük salvage excavations. The majority of the samples are of the type defined as the Anatolian Phrygian fibulae. There is a total of 18 fibulae in this type. One of the 18 Anatolian Phrygian type fibulae is the subject of this study. The fibula is included in the group defined as Type XII 9 by Blinkenberg and later by Muscarella, and appears as Variant A IV in Caner’s study, where a more comprehensive typological evaluation was made. The artefact presents a new image that differs from all fibulae found so far. In our example, the three metal bars that make up the main body are separated from each other by two channels. The fibula, which differs from the only similar example in many aspects, is different from all Anatolian Phrygian type fibulae found in Anatolia, Western Anatolia, the Aegean Islands, Greece, and Italy, where Anatolian Phrygian type fibulae were found and produced. Our study suggests that the Seyitömer Höyük fibula should be defined as a new sub group under the term Variant A IV 3b, according to Caner’s typology. In addition, the thought that the fibula in question pioneered some belt buckles that were created by emulating the Anatolian Phrygian fibulae is also emphasized.

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PERIOADA MIJLOCIE A EPOCII BRONZULUI ÎN SUBCARPAȚII CURBURII: ANATOMIA MICROZONEI PIETROASELE

Author(s): Roxana Munteanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2022

The paper presents the Middle Bronze Age sites (ca. 2200-1600 BC) from a small area located at the outer limit of the Curvature Subcarpathians. The study area covers 6 km2 on the south-eastern slope of the Istrița Hill, near the villages Pietroasa Mică and Câlțești (Pietroasele commune, Buzău).A number of 20 sites were inventoried from published and unpublished data. The revision of this package was conducted through field surveys and a critical analysis of the data.The Monteoru communities settled on the mid- to high altitudes of the Istrița Hill, on rocky ridges (Dealul Dogaru, Gruiu Dării) and on open plateaus (Via lui Despan). Complex earthworks and several construction layers were documented at Gruiu Dării, suggestive of the existence of a major settlement between 2200-2000 BC.The data from the western part of the study area is more scattered and less impressive (Dealul Dogaru, Via lui Despan), corresponding to a different settlement pattern (perhaps from a slightly later period).Later on, in the final stage of the Middle Bronze Age the archaeological evidence is mainly related to the funerary domain (Dealul Dogaru, Șapte Frați). The identification of the contemporary settlement of these cemeteries will be the subject of future studies.

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REZULTATELE CERCETĂRILOR DE SUPRAFAȚĂ DE LA MOVILIȚA, JUDEȚUL VRANCEA

Author(s): Costin Croitoru,Stănică Pandrea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2022

In this material we briefly present some of the results of the research project called Hidden Landscapes: Remote Sensing and LiDAR Exploration of Roads, Borders, and Battlefields in the Southeast Carpathians. It is about the field researches on the territory of the commune Movilița, Vrancea County, on the territory of which the aerial images suggested the existence of a crossing ford, across Zăbrăuți Valley, towards the archaeological sites from Mănăstioara-Fitionești. Our brief intervention nuances, as far as possible, the archaeological potential of the area, accumulating the essential data for the drafting of archaeological site sheets, a first step towards classification and, therefore, the rescue and protection of these monuments. In terms of research into these objectives, we have begun investigations at „Islaz” point. Although limited in size, they highlighted a first complex (Neolithic hut), which is to be fully researched this year.

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