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Le néo-français de Raymond Queneau à l’épreuve de la traduction – défis et limites

Author(s): Diana Dinică / Language(s): French Issue: 11/2022

The divorce between the written and the spoken French has been one of Raymond Queneau’s preoccupations for over thirty years. His literary project, the neo-French, was however abandoned in the late years of his activity, when the author admitted being in the wrong with regards to the evolution of French. Despite the project’s failure, the neo-French remains one of the central elements of Queneau’s thinking and its understanding is crucial not only for the exegesis of his works, but also for their correct translation.

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Między Krakowem a Wrocławiem. Gliwickie lata Tadeusza Różewicza i rozpracowanie poety przez Służbę Bezpieczeństwa

Author(s): Bogusław Tracz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

Tadeusz Różewicz was one of the most prominent Polish writers of the 20th century: a poet, novelist, playwright and screenwriter. A soldier in the underground Home Army during the Second World War, he studied art history at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow after the war, eventually devoting himself exclusively to literary work. At the beginning of 1950, he settled in Gliwice, which, at the time, was a provincial town from the point of view of Cracow. He never joined the ranks of the Communist Party and his voluntary detachment from mainstream literary life allowed him to partially maintain his artistic autonomy. His contacts with foreign writers and publishers brought him to the attention of the communist state security authorities. During his stay in Gliwice, he was investigated by the Security Service in relation to a case code-named “Writer”. In 1968, he moved to Wrocław. The article is an attempt to reconstruct the causes, course and effects of the poet’s exposure by the Security Service against the broad background of his time in Gliwice.

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Pozostał w kontrze. Leopold Tyrmand wobec ruchów kontestacyjnych w USA na kartach Dzienników Stefana Kisielewskiego

Author(s): MIKOŁAJ WOLSKI / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The article presents – on the basis of Stefan Kisielewski’s Diaries from 1968–1970 – the profile of Leopold Tyrmand as an enemy of the contestation movements in the United States. At the turn of 1968 and 1969, Tyrmand was a lecturer at Columbia University. At that time, he opposed those views of American youth which he considered to be neo-Marxist and Maoist. An analysis of the historical context of Tyrmand’s American journalism from 1968–1970 shows his intransigent attitude to the New Left movement, as well as to Soviet and Chinese communism. The wave of protests in 1968 was criticised by the writer. In his Diaries, Stefan Kisielewski also refers to the conservatism of Tyrmand, which, however, raises doubts in terms of its interpretation. Tyrmand’s anti-communist stance cannot be viewed in isolation from the Cold War geopolitical rivalry between the United States, the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China. The writer did not succumb to the ideology of communism, neither in Poland nor in America, during the period of the New Left’s accelerating expansion.

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Spór o Stanisława ze Szczepanowa. Dyskusje wokół powieści Karola Bunscha Imiennik

Author(s): Przemysław Benken / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The article addresses the discussion on the two-volume novel Imiennik (vol. 1: Śladami pradziada [In the Footsteps of the Great-Grandfather], vol. 2: Miecz i pastorał [Sword and Crosier]) by the Cracow lawyer and writer Karol Bunsch, published in 1949. It describes the reign of Bolesław the Bold and the ruler’s conflict with the Bishop of Cracow, Stanislaus of Szczepanów, which ended with the latter’s tragic death in 1079. In the novel, the author combined historical facts, his own interpretations of contentious issues and extant source material, as well as fictional events; in doing so, he strongly outlined the scientifically unverifiable inner motivations of historical figures. The novel sparked a polemic between the author and his critics that took place, among others, in Tygodnik Powszechny [Common Weekly]. It mainly concerned Bunsch’s portrayal of Bishop Stanislaus, which was considered unreliable and hurtful. Critics of the book rejected the historians’ concepts on which Bunsch relied, as well as some of the information given by Gallus Anonymus, or proposed a different interpretation. At the same time, they gave preference to later sources that portrayed Bishop Stanislaus in a positive light. Bunsch defended the hypotheses of older scholars he presented in the novel, as well as many of his own thoughts, accusing his opponents of ignorance of the sources, misinterpretation and even manipulation. The dispute dragged on for many years and had an additional political dimension, becoming part of the complicated relationship between the Catholic Church and the communist government.

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Przywłaszczony fragment dziennika Wiktora Woroszylskiego w oczach konsultanta ps. „Olcha”

Author(s): Marta Marcinkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

Wiktor Woroszylski was one of the longest interned writers. From 13 December 1981 to 18 October 1982, he was held in detention centres in Warsaw Białołęka, Jaworze and Darłówek. On 20 February 1982, during a search, guards seized from him a 99-page fragment of a diary written in solitary confinement. An extensive fragment of the manuscript seized from the poet was handed over to Wacław Sadkowski, alias “Olcha”, a writer working in the Security Service, for analysis. The published analysis is the only trace of Woroszylski’s notes from this period. The original fragment of the diary has not been found to this day.

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Katyń Józefa Mackiewicza – dzieje zaświadczone, doświadczone, badane i strzeżone

Author(s): Adam Fitas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Józef Mackiewicz’s Katyń – a Story Witnessed, Experienced, Researched and Guarded

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AKTORSKA I AMATORSKA: DWIE INTERPRETACJE GŁOSOWE TEGO SAMEGO WIERSZA

Author(s): Mirosław Bańko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2023

This article concerns two vocal interpretations of the poem Dwa wiatry (Two Winds) by Julian Tuwim: one comes from an actor, the other from an amateur publishing educational materials on the Internet. The aim is to explain why the actor’s interpretation seems more suggestive than the amateur one. The subject of the study is the prosodic features of both performances of the poem (tempo, sound intensity, and tone changes), treated as an iconic indicator of its cognitive and emotional content. This article is a continuation of an earlier publication in which Tuwim’s Lokomotywa (Locomotive) was examined in a similar way. In both studies, the Praat programme for acoustic analysis of sound was used for research.

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Prolog kao privilegirano mjesto autorske individualizacije srednjovjekovne pjesnikinje Marie de France

Author(s): Dijana Kapetanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 91-92/2023

The paper explores the importance and role of female writers in the process of authorial self‑individualization in medieval French literature. In this sense, particular attention is paid to the analysis of one of the most famous medieval female authors, Marie de France, highly educated and therefore excelling not only in translating and adapting Latin and Middle English texts, but also in creating a new literary genre. Namely, at a time when education and knowledge are a monopoly exclusive to the male part of the population, Marie de France, with her erudition and poetic talent, is a representative of women’s writing in the context of medieval literary production. By exploiting the themes and motifs of Celtic folklore and mythology, Marie de France creates les lais, short stories in verse with lyrical elements, thereby introducing an unknown literary form onto the literary stage of the twelfth century. The paper further analyses the prologues of her work, as a privileged place where Marie de France expresses her awareness of the significance of literary writing project in the Old French idiom at the time of the dominance of the Latin language. In this regard, in the period of author’s anonymity and the privileging of tradition and collectivism, Marie de France leaves in her prologues and epilogues a documented testimony of self‑awareness and self‑individualization as the female author, and in which she positioned herself with respect to the tradition and male authors of her time. Ultimately, through the prism of feminist readings, her literary legacy clearly demonstrates a skilled subversive technique of undermining of feudal patriarchal society so that a woman’s voice could finally be heard and understood.

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Razglednice iz pakla

Author(s): Ivan Radeljković / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 91-92/2023

The collection of poems by the French author Sabi Mara, Cartes post‑ ales / Postcards, was published in France in a bilingual edition, with a translation of the poems by Dženana Salihović and a versification edited by the poet Asmir Kujović. In this paper, we examine the topic of genocide in this collection, especially through the question of why poetry was chosen as a literary genre, the questioning of language through poetic figures, forms and images, but above all the relationship between text and images. We interpret this relationship especially through the aesthetics of the postcard, more precisely through the question of why the author chose to call her poems from this collection that way, and then we explore different aspects of the strange metaphorical format of these texts and of the entire collection, which concern time and space, especially the relationship to distance in a travel situation, but also family and collective memory.

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“Mocking Eternities”: Writing Beyond the Ending of Possession, or A.S. Byatt’s Intersections between Academia, Literary Criticism, and Fiction

Author(s): Alexandra Cheira / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2023

In 1995, a two-page-long letter signed by Professor Maud Michell-Bailey – which furthermore enclosed two original poems by Christabel LaMotte – prefaced a special edition on women poets in the academic journal Victorian Poetry. The letter and poems invite a critical return to Possession, since they are a complex game in which made-up characters come to life and actual people are fictionalized. They also raise significant theoretical issues while appearing to break free from the limitations imposed by what Victorian Poetry editor Linda Hughes has correctly described as “overdetermined readings, simplification, distortion” (6). In doing so, they masterfully create a parodic and intertextual dialogue in an inverted mirror game that blurs the lines between the real and the imagined and invites the reader to engage in an active participation. When combined, Maud’s letter and LaMotte’s poems offer an intriguing look at the fruitful fusion of A.S. Byatt's critical and literary imagination. Therefore, this article explores Byatt’s intersections between academia, literary criticism, and fiction by analysing her metafictional discourse on fictional Victorian poems vis-à-vis the real contemporary academic journal in which they were published.

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Carmela Ciuraru, Lives of the Wives: Five Literary Marriages

Author(s): Merritt Moseley / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2023

Review of: Carmela Ciuraru, Lives of the Wives: Five Literary Marriages. New York: HarperCollins, 2023. 336 pages. Paperback. $21.99. ISBN: 9780062356925, ISBN 10: 0062356925.

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Franco Marucci. Authors in Dialogue: Comparative Essays in Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century English Literature

Author(s): Dragoş Ivana / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2023

Review of: Franco Marucci. Authors in Dialogue: Comparative Essays in Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century English Literature. Oxford, New York: Peter Lang, 2020. Pp. 220. ISBN 978-1-78997- 598-7 (hardback); ISBN 978-1-78997-599-4 (ePDF).

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“To Be or Not to Be”: Was That the Question? On My Book Los poemas del ser y el no ser y sus lenguajes en la historia

Author(s): Ana Agud / Language(s): English Issue: 41/2023

This article presents my interpretation of Shakespeare’s monologue “To be or not to be” in the framework of my book Los poemas del ser y el no ser y sus lenguajes en la historia (2017). It develops my thesis that “to be or not to be” proves not to be the real question for Hamlet, since he immediately abandons this metaphysical contraposition and proceeds to formulate in moving verses his real problem: the tragic misery of human life and of his own life, and the anguish and uncertainty of what comes beyond it if one takes one’s own life. The difference between sleep and death is that, after the latter, consciousness will lack a body, and nobody can imagine what dreams could look like without it. But the whole monologue is an argument against trying to solve real life problems through rising to the utmost abstractions. I have tried to summarize the significance of this monologue as a historical step between several ancient poems about being and non-being, and their relation to the real conflict of understanding life and death, and texts of Goethe, Hegel and Machado, which approach the subject from the new awareness elaborated by Shakespeare in his text.

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Medea᾽s Emotional Body – Infanticide in the Drama by Ivana Sajko from the Perspective of Emotionology

Author(s): Jelena Alfirević Franić / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The work is focused on the textual analysis of gender performative identities of the figure of Medea in the contemporary Croatian psychological monodrama Medea (2000) by Ivana Sajko. In accordance with the emotional / affective turn and in scientific research current emotionology literary and cultural theory, the concept of the emotional body will be methodologically investigated on the example of the morally-ethically and emotionally complex case of Medea‘s infanticide / infanticide of her own children in revenge for her adulterous husband. The emotional body (identity) will be explored in the dramatic text using postmodernist metatheatrical strategies. The methodological matrix of the work will be two recent theories of the emotional body: Martín-Moruno and Pichel (2019) and Alfirević-Franić (2022). According to Martín-Moruno and Pichel, the emotional body will be investigated as a result of the configuration of matter in which emotions are the driving force and the result of performativity, and according to the theory of Alfirević-Franić, the emotional body will be investigated as an epistemic index and as a discursive anti-essentialist construct that is the basic feature of the expression of emotionality. Medea‘s emotional body will be classified as painful, hysterical and political, one that functions as a discursive example of transgression of gender identity with the aim of resisting traditional patriarchal practices.

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От пространството на Лучо Фонтана до средата на Сабуро Мураками

Author(s): Vyara Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 59/2023

Through Lucio Fontana’s spatialism, the text explores the illustration of three-dimensional Euclidean space, desolate as an external form, and its further development as a time-space continuum or environment constructed from the inside out in Saburo Murakami’s 1956 performance Passing Through.

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ŠUME ĆE NAS PRIMITI U MRAK

Author(s): Marko Raguž / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 37-38/2023

Bertolt Brecht je negdje napisao da je "kuknjava pred-fašističko stanje". Premda su nam puna usta demokratije i ljudskih prava, evropska društva kao da su obolila od mutiranih omikron virusa nacizma i fašizma, samo što se ta dijagnoza kukavički krije. Ali kao da je vrijeme koje je predviđeno za to prikrivanje iscurilo. Sada je svima jasno da sve ovo itekako prevazilazi stanje socijalne nepravde, i polako dobija Hitlerove obrise lica. Samo što danas živimo u vremenu Tehnologije, koja u rukama "tamnih sila" ima sasvim nove mogućnosti kontrole i terora. Brazilski post-punk bend "Plastique noir" je u jednoj pjesmi rekao da imaginarni (virtuelni) zidovi imaju uši. Možda su baš to "Adolfove uši", kako je nedavno jedan naš pjesnik naslovio svoju novu knjigu. Budući da je Europa u ne tako davnoj prošlosti imala grdne muke da se otrese nacizma i fašizma, postoje neki (anti-fašistički) autoriteti i parametri, putem kojih možemo, ako ništa, spoznati u kolikoj mjeri trenutno društveno stanje otklizava u pravcu fašizma. Jedan od takvih autoriteta je i Italo Calvino.

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O ĆETIRI MAKEDONSKA KNJIŽEVNA MOĆNIKA

Author(s): Aleksandar Prokopiev / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 37-38/2023

Prošao je vek od rođenja četiri makedonska književna velikana - Slavka Janevskog (1920.), Blažeta Koneskog (1921.), Koleta Čašula (1921.) i Ace Špopova (1923.). Retko je i u mnogo većim književnostima da se dogodi da se četiri ovakva književna majstora, takoreći vršnjaka, rodi i jednom, u tako zbijenom hronološkom rasponu od tri godine! Još više, jer svaki za sebe stvara individualizovan kreativan svet, što, ne samo u makedonskom, no i u širem književnom kontekstu, dostiže upečatljiv vrednosni domet. U jednoj svežoj, napetoj i dobro hranjenoj književnosti, dela ove četiri književne figure, moćnog književnog kalibra, traže dublje, novo iščitavanje i prevrednovanje od strane mlađih tumača.

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POETIKA BEZNAĐA BILJANE JOVANOVIĆ

Author(s): Svetlana Slapšak / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 37-38/2023

Pokušala sam da pišem u višeglasju o Biljani Jovanović: obraćam joj se kao ženski kolektiv, kao ja, kao ti, kao bezlično akademsko treće lice, izmišljam njenu izjavu o njenoj poetici. Ne objašnjavam, nego primenjujem. Ponašam se kao da je to deo romana. Prvi broj ProFemine doneo je jedan ceo novi rukopis Biljane Jovanović, Soba na Bosforu. Šta smo slutile, potpuno je nevažno, jer i da nismo, Biljana Jovanović bi bila naš prvi izbor za predstavljanje ženske srpske književnosti. Sumnjičava prema svemu, i sa svojim maestralno ciničnim pogledom na svet i književnost, Biljana Jovanović nije ovo "smeštanje" odbila, jer joj je bilo jasno da posle marta 1991. u Beogradu, posle mirovnoga fronta i posle njene izazovne knjige s još tri autorke iz bivše zajedničke otadžbine, opredeljenje za žensku stranu u kulturi više nije za predmet diskusije. Uostalom, većina starih drugova iz disidentskih dana je nju i nas bezobzirno izdala, padajući na ono što je Biljana svim srcem prezirala: položaj, korisno ulizivanje, prodaja duše. Biljana nije izdala svoje naslove i svoje tekstove: Duša, jedinica moja, ostala je njena.

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Memory of the Holocaust in Henryk Grynberg’s volume of poetry Dowód osobisty [Personal ID]

Author(s): Roman Bobryk / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2023

Virtually all of Henryk Grynberg’s work is devoted to the subject of the Holocaust. In the 2006 volume entitled Dowód osobisty, individual poems require not only knowledge of the Shoah but also of the author’s biography and other work. In many, the lyrical subject is endowed with the poet’s own characteristics. Another modality of presenting the world—one seldom employed in poetry—is through the utterance of a collective subject (the lyrical “us”, which may be identified with the Jewish nation), in which the focus shift from the personal, individual experience to a more general and objective scope. Also, numerous poems feature indirect allusions to Grynberg’s earlier work. Hence, their interpretation is contingent on the reader’s literary experience.

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Trans-Curzonia and border people. Ukrainians deported from Poland in Contemporary Ukrainian and Polish literature

Author(s): Yulia Artymyshyn / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2023

This article analyses the image of the contemporary Polish-Ukrainian borderland in Ukrainian literature, and for a comparative context, works by Polish writers are also included. The literary representation of Trans-Curzonia as a special border area, the ethnic borderland where Ukrainians lived before the deportation actions in 1940–1950, is examined. It is argued that the literary topography of this area is the main focus of Polish authors, especially Andrzej Stasiuk. Above all, it is a space at the intersection of cultures and time, which exists somewhat separately and according to its own specific rules. It was noted that in the prose of the Ukrainian novelist Vasyl Makhno, the main themes are the community of deported Ukrainians and their lost ideal place (home) and nostalgia. In journalism, the main actors have been the communities of Ukrainians who remained in Poland and the witnesses and descendants of those deported in “Operation Vistula”.

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