Таргетингът и културното наследство: унищожаване на културното наследство по време на конфликти

Author(s): Radoslav Chalakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

Armed conflicts affect many aspects of life. In addition to casualties from military impacts, conflicts often involve damage or destruction of cultural heritage. The significant challenges we face in the XXI century also complicate the protection of cultural heritage during military operations. The increasing use of social media provides instant viewing and propaganda for the destruction of cultural heritage and, in many cases, its irreversible destruction, on the other hand, precision munitions increase the expectation that cultural heritage sites will be spared during conflict. This expectation often leads to increased frustration and disappointment when sites are not protected or become collateral damage. This article examines the role of the targeting process in influencing cultural heritage during conflict.

Политиката на Белград към турското и албанското малцинство в Югославската федерация с акцент на демографията от края на Втората световна война до смъртта на Тито

Author(s): Mariyana STAMOVA / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

In the article, the subject of research and analysis is the situation and status of the Turkish and Albanian minorities in the Yugoslav Federation after the Second World War, with an emphasis on Kosovo and Macedonia and the Yugoslav policy towards them. Because of the conflict with Kominform in June 1948 and the deterioration of the Yugoslav-Albanian relationship, the Belgrade leadership was worried about the reaction of the Albanian population in Yugoslavia. At the same time, to limit the demographic and ethnic invasion of the Albanians in Kosovo and Macedonia, Yugoslav authorities started a political campaign for their exportation. After the signing of the Yugoslav-Turkish agreement in 1953, which confirmed the convention from 1938 for the exportation of Turks from Yugoslavia in Turkey, the emigration into Turkey not only of Turks, but also Albanians, was legalized. Albanians in the Yugoslav federation got the possibility to define themselves as “Turks”, and thus to immigrate to Turkey (not Albania). In that way, many Albanians in Yugoslavia, mainly from Kosovo and Macedonia, declared themselves as “Turks”. In those years, Belgrade decided to intensify and renew the idea of emigrating the Muslim population, such as the Turks and Albanians, after World War II.

A Bibliometric Analysis of History Researches on Turkey 1975 – 2023

Author(s): Murat Soysal / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The aim of this study is to exhibit a bibliometric analysis of historical studies on Turkey. A total of 1288 articles from 230 journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database in the years 1975 – 2023 were used in the analysis. The analysis aims to provide a review of historical studies on Turkey by identifying the dynamics of research by presenting the periodical process, current situation, and future directions. The main focus of the analysis is set to the recent history of Turkey. Therefore, the scope of the study was defined as Turkey’s founding period, its aftermath, and the period up to the present day, and accordingly, the keywords ‘Turkey’, ‘Turkish Republic’, and ‘Republic of Turkey’ was utilized in the search query in the WoS database. On the data obtained, it is observed that the word ‘Turkey’ is found to be more than ‘Turkish Republic’ and ‘Republic of Turkey’ in the published articles. Also, most of the studies on Turkey were conducted in Turkey by Turkish authors. In this study, it is observed that the historical studies on Turkey are differentiated not only according to internal developments in Turkey, such as the foundation of the Republic, World War I, nationalism, etc. but also according to the effects of external factors, such as issues concerning asylum seekers/migrants, and regional issues such as the Middle East and the Black Sea.

Възможности за интегриране на добавена реалност като образователен инструмент в класната стая

Author(s): Nikolay Danev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

This article aims at presenting an author‘s method of using augmented reality in the classroom in order to improve students‘ learning motivation to develop their key skills. What makes the method different is its accessibility since neither money is needed for buying any software nor a high level of digital knowledge, as well as its functionality-it can be used by pedagogical specialists for all levels of secondary education. The use of augmented reality as an educational tool provides the opportunity for a higher level of presenting the teaching materials, which helps to enhance students‘ motivation, enabling them to develop their creative thinking. The article presents the pedagogical specialists’ preparation for work and provides definite examples for work with various applications.

В НОВИТЕ БРОЕВЕ НА СПИСАНИЯТА НА ,,АЗ-БУКИ“ ЧЕТЕТЕ

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

Петър Берон: Букварът – свят

Author(s): Nikolay Chernokozhev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Международна научна конференция „Обмен и приспособяване: езици и култури в диалог (Балканите от Късната античност до ранната модерност)“

Author(s): Violina Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

„Текст и исторически контекст“ – научна конференция в чест на 70-годишнината на проф. дин Илия Илиев

Author(s): Denitsa Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Йоанис Тарнанидис на 85 години

Author(s): Ilias Evangelou,Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Румяна Дамянова на 75 години

Author(s): Adriana Spasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Красимир Станчев на 75 години

Author(s): Ekaterina Dikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Николай Аретов на 70 години

Author(s): Nikoleta Patova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

In memoriam Албена Георгиева

Author(s): Angelina Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

In memoriam Магдалена Елчинова

Author(s): Irena Bokova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Балканските култури. Диалог, трансфер, метаморфози.

Author(s): Angel Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Екатерина Дикова. Календарните двустишия на Христофор Митиленски и техните южнославянски преводи.

Author(s): Lora Taseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Магдалена Абаджиева. Книжнината на българите католици от XIX век и банатската книжнина.

Author(s): Svetlana Karadzhova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

Митове. Фолклор. Етноси. Сборник в памет на проф. дфн Евгения Мицева.

Author(s): Katya Mihailova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 48/2024

The Pro-Boer Campaign in Bulgaria and Bulgarian Volunteers in the South African War of 1899–1902

Author(s): Boris Gorelik / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2024

Bulgarians were among the 2,600 foreigners who took part in the South African War, also known as the Second Anglo-Boer War. Their presence helped to make this colonial conflict a matter of international importance. This paper is an attempt to consider the Bulgarian involvement within a context of the pro-Boer campaign in Bulgaria, using published sources of a Bulgarian and international origin and applying the biographical method. Bulgarians travelled to the Transvaal at their own risk and expense. Most of them had military experience and, evidently, expected to improve their combat skills in a modern war against a leading European army. Their sense of kinship with the Boers was evoked by a nationalist paradigm. Bulgarians tended to view the Boers as fellow agriculturalists whose way of life was being threatened by a stronger nation. Most Bulgarians believed that the British Empire, the adversary of the Boers, was to blame for the revision of the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano at the Congress of Berlin. Therefore, Bulgarians delighted in the British misfortunes in the South African War. This sentiment may explain why no volunteer from Bulgaria is known to have fought for the British in that war. Bulgarian volunteers, representing various social groups and occupations, took part in some of the major battles of the South African War. The involvement of these volunteers was an expression of the Bulgarian solidarity with the Boers. Investigating this phenomenon gives us a deeper understanding of the problems and aspirations of Bulgarians at the turn of the twentieth century.

Progress of the Reserve Officers School Military Educational System in Bulgarian Armed Forces in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century

Author(s): Nikolay Pavlovski / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2024

The research examines the development of the school military education system for reserve officers in the Bulgarian Armed Forces after the end of the Second World War until the end of the 20th century. The article is based on the collection, study, analysis, summarization and derivation of trends on the issue on foundation on the research of the historical material, find in the histories of military academies and schools in the country, supported by several archival sources and reports on the topic. The progress of the development process of mass armies throughout the world has been accompanied by the rapid expansion of the system of training officers for the active forces and those for the reserve component. Numerous military academies and training schools are opened, and the preparation from a centralized type is transformed into a decentralized one. The subsequent consolidation of the military academies and schools leads to a return to the leading role of the Reserve Officer Schools in the training of officers for the reserve. Later, a separate military unit is created, which is responsible for their teaching. Uniform and generally valid rules for all institutions preparing such personnel enter into force.