Između kritičke historiografije i ideološkog revizionizma

Author(s): Husnija Kamberović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The author reflects upon the different models of historical revision used in post-Yugoslav countries (both contemporary and immediately postwar). He observes that in every post- Yugoslav country, the most common revision concerns events from the period when they all belonged to one state or, in other words, from twentieth-century Yugoslav History. Within these revisions, the most common theme is the Second World War.

O nekim aspektima i mogućnostima revizije bosanskohercegovačke prošlosti

Author(s): Azem Kožar / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Cover-up (concealment) of the historic truth for the sake of “higher interests” of own party, nation, political option, is one of the most important root-causes for the war conflicts among the Yugoslav peoples in the period 1991-1999. In the days of the Socialist Yugoslavia such an approach was, in certain amount, was determined by the Yugoslavia’s Communist Party leadership (Union of Yugoslavia’s Communists) even though it rated it to be condemned in conflict resolution in the Yugoslav society. Also, the Party conducted these premises through the institutions of culture and science, all of which left trace on their overall vocational and scientific results. At the time of dissolution of the socialist Yugoslavia, the nationalistic civil and military structures undertook a number of activities in order to wipe out the written evidence about their practice. After the war, their “merit” was not to have in place the national systems of protection of the culture pieces as sorted (as the reference point), compatible with the international regulations. These new modes of cover-up of the historical truth are being transformed into the “enclosed national systems”, directly and absolutely confronted to the need of obtaining the scientific perception regarding the war and other dissolution occurrences. Even the international community (UNESCO, European Union, etc.) have not recognized the full weight of these acts to the possibility of finding out the scientific truth, in the sphere of historiography and other scientific disciplines. By doing so, advisedly or not, narrows down the possibility of finding the scientific truth about the causes of South Slavic conflicts, contributing to resumption of existing and emanating of the new conflicts with even more pernicious consequences. Basically, all of these means that the creation of the certain presumptions to revise scientifically the past - the period of the socialistic Yugoslavia dissolution is a very complex issue, not to mention the relatively short time span, making this matter more political and less scientific issue. Nevertheless, the fact that this is still the “hot cookie”, i.e. it still might be compensated, collected and preserved from destruction, the significant portion of the primary historic sources, above all the archival material, should have the mobilizing effect on all the progressive forces in the science and society in general, to urgently start with making and realization of the concrete scientific projects of historiographical and multidisciplinary character.

Neka pitanja Abjuracije iz 1203. godine

Author(s): Lujo Margetić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Abjuration of Bosnian krstjani in 1203 is a very complex document of the contemporary Bosnian clerical history with which they pledge their full compliance with the Roman Church and its teaching. Since this work seeks to analyze the meaning and the content of specific dispositions of the Abjuration, especially its invocation, the author closely examined all the other references that connect Pope Innocent III with Bosnian krstjani from the period between 1199 and 1203 - up to the time the Pope’s direct interfering with Bosnian religious affairs ceased. The analysis of the 1203 abjuration proves that the papal legate, John de Casamaris, was exceptionally considerate to Bosnian krstjani and that, in certain matters, he demonstrated utmost flexibility and willingness to compromise which, in turn, resulted in their complete acceptance of the authority of the Roman Church. The mentioned flexibility especially referred to the invocation that mentions only God-Father instead of both God-Son and the Holy Spirit – as opposed to other contemporary recognition of orthodox teachings (such as Valdes, Durand of Huesca and Bernard Prim) where the greatest emphasis is on the same divine character of all of the three members of the Holy Trinity. This invocation draws the author to conclude that some remnants of pseudo-Arian beliefs survived because the central Roman Catholic organization soon lost its influence in Bosnia. That is, among other things, the reason why the sign of flexibility in the Abjuration is the fact that the Roman Church is not mentioned as an apostolic Church. This is why the Abjuration greatly differs from the aforementioned western European orthodoxy acceptance principles. Other facts from the Abjuration include that the Bosnian krstjani were not organized in monastic communities and that Šanjek rightfully calls them “pseudo-monks”. Furthermore, the author compared the teachings of Paulicians, Iconoclasts, Bogomils and contemporary western European heterodoxies with corresponding teachings of Bosnian krstjani and came to conclude that all these heterodoxies have several significant teaching elements in common, and the belief that God is the initial creator of all things but temporarily left Satan in charge of the visible world. Digressing, the author analized the position of Bosnia during the rule of ban Borić (second half of the 12th century). According to the author, Bosnia was actually, independent at that time: the Ban acknowledged the not very pronounced senior rule of the Croatian-Hungarian king. Furthermore, in his other excursion, with a special emphasis on Bosnia, the author analized very complex relations between Pope Gregory IX and the Croatian-Hungarian king Bela IV, Coloman, the duke of “the entire Slavonia” and Bosnian ban Ninoslav in the first half of the 13th century and concluded that the king was very reserved in his political contacts with Coloman since he was an avid supporter of Bela IV as a chief commissioner for united and strong Hungary.

Predicatores, inquisitores, olim heretici: il confronto tra frati Predicatori e catari in Italia settentrionale dalle origini al 1254

Author(s): Marco Rainini / Language(s): Italian Publication Year: 0

Fin dai primi documenti emessi dalla curia papale a favore dell’Ordine dei Predicatori, e ancora prima, fin dalla prima predicazione di Domenico di Caleruega nel Narbonese, emerge con chiarezza come il confronto con gli eretici dualisti costituisca un punto fondante dell’attivita e dell’identita stessa dei frati Predicatori. Questo confronto, nei quasi trent’anni che passano tra la conferma della prima fondazione domenicana di Tolosa da parte di Onorio III e la fine del pontificato di Innocenzo IV, mostra un’evoluzione, che accompagna il decisivo sviluppo degli strumenti giuridici e ideologici attraverso i quali il papato giungera, poco oltre la meta del XIII secolo, ad un sostanziale controllo del fenomeno dell’eresia dualista. Il punto di osservazione scelto per verificare questo percorso e l’Italia settentrionale, territorio nel quale si riconoscono numerosi centri di primissimo piano dei dualisti catari, molti dei quali rifugiatisi nella pianura Padana all’indomani delle azioni militari contro l’Albigese, a cavallo del primo decennio del XIII secolo; d’altro canto, proprio l’Italia settentrionale – in particolare Bologna – rappresenta, insieme a Parigi, il polo principale dello sviluppo dell’Ordine dei Predicatori. Nel periodo considerato vengono messe in luce tre momenti principali: ad una prima fase nella quale l’accento e posto sull’attivita di predicazione, segue quella che vede i frati assumere l’incarico di inquisitores a sede apostolica deputati, nelle procedure in via di definizione di questo nuovo istituto antiereticale; infine, soprattutto all’indomani dell’uccisione di fra Pietro da Verona e della sua canonizzazione, il papato sembra proporre un nuovo modello di santita, nel quale una componente fondamentale e rappresentata dal tipo dell’eretico convertitosi ed entrato a far parte dell’Ordine dei Predicatori.

Dominikanci i bosansko-humski krstjani

Author(s): Slavko Slišković / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The Dominicans meet the phenomenon of krstjani in Bosnia and Hum in two ways. According to their intellectual orientation, they try to familiarize themselves with krstjani on a theoretical level, however, due to the conventional beliefs that the Church of Bosnia is an integral part of different European heretic movements, the Dominican authors also impute on it the misconceptions that are the characteristic of heretics in the first half of the 18th century. However, confronted with the Bosnian reality they re-think this complex issue and provide answers that could serve as guidelines for concrete research. Soon after their founding, as early as the twenties of the 18th century, the first Dominicans arrive to Bosnia and encounter the krstjan movement of Bosnia and Hum. Even though their initial aim was to preach, they could not resist political malversations with the medieval Bosnian territory, so their efforts met only a lack of understanding and persecution. Nevertheless, they greatly contributed to consolidation of the Catholic religion as Bosnian bishops and through their monastic life. However, they expected that organizing their missions from a free region, such as Slavonija, would be less complicated and they unconsciously opened up a space for krstjan activities. Due to tragic lack of understanding between the two mendicant orders, the Dominicans withdrew from Bosnia, which thus became “franciscana”, however, the Turkish occupation did not allow them to leave a deeper mark on Bosnian history.

Politički i vojni oblici četništva u Hrvatskoj 1945. godine

Author(s): Zdravko Dizdar / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The Chetnik movement on Croatian territory in 1941-1945 began on the foundations of a prewar movement with the same name, but it was politically and militarily formed and developed on specifc Croatian territories gradually and at different times as part of a larger united Chetnik movement on the whole of the territory of the former Kingdom of Yugoslavia. It was first a collaborationist movement under the protection and within the system of the Italian occupation forces and administration (1941-1943), and then afterward under German forces (1943-1945); these forced it to cooperate with the authorites of the Independent State of Croatia. It was also accepted by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia≫s government-in-exile and King Petar II, as well as the British government and the western Allies, receiving from them official recognition and help right until the end of the war as a resistance movement, regardless of its collaboration. The attitude of the Chetnik movement toward Croatia and Croats stemmed from its state-creating programme, its political aims, and the military and political balance of forces on its territory and abroad during the course of the war, that is, from 1941 to 1945. According to the state-creating programme of Draža Mihailović, the leader of the Chetnik movement in the country and accepted by the royal government-in-exile in London, the basic political aim of the Chetnik movement headed by the King was the creation of a ≪Greater Yugoslavia and within it a Great Serbia, ethnically homogenous within its boundaries≫ from Serbia to Slovenia, leaving behind a ≪little Croatia≫ including only the northeast part around Zagreb, Krapina and Varaždin, with the old political system, headed by a king supported by Chetnik terror. The programme of creating such an ethnically pure ≪Great Serbia≫ on the territory of Croatia was continuously carried out during the whole war with the assistance of armed Chetnik units (4th Chetnik Corps, 1st division/dinaric/, 32 brigade and 2nd regiment), which were formed by Serbs from Serbia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Hercegovina by ethnic extermination. They uprooted Croat and other national minorities and ideological enemies (particularily of members of the anti-fascist Partisan movement, without regard to their ethnic origins including here those Serbs who did not support their Great Serbian programme and methods), utilizing in this capacity cooperation with the Italian fascist and German Nazi occupiers as well as the Ustaša government of the Independent State of Croatia. This was the most massive instance of Serb collaboration in Croatia during the war and a type of Serbian fascism. Thus the Chetnik movement from the beginning and as a whole was, according to its national system and political program, a Great Serbian Nationalist movement, and likewise a anti- Croat movement. By not distinguishing between Croatian Ustaše and Croatian anti fascist elements, it delayed the Croatian people the right to their statehood in the greater part of its national and historical territory carrying out from these the eradication of Croats. Their genocidal politics, due to strong resistance from the people, failed in the end because of the political judgment of democratic public opinion worldwide, and military defeat and destruction at home.

En but dukhava, ta na sikwim

Author(s): Stefan Dimitrov / Language(s): Romany Publication Year: 0

The interviewee tells of his family, as the story begins with the story of his grandfather, an orphan of Turkish origin, made by Roma and grown from them, and ends with events occurring in the years after the change of the Tenth November related to himself and his sons. Along with that talk to other people and relations between them.

Sovrru, sutu kwrna pheryas , ov demagogiya

Author(s): Georgi Topalov / Language(s): Romany Publication Year: 0

The interviewee is a lawyer who lives in Kotel, the story concerns discriminatory reflexes of power and feelings of people in hard times. He tells two tales Roma: "The poor gypsy and Devil" and How God gave years of people".

Ti ovel amin dwrzhava, amari dwrzhava na ma ovel sar lingi

Author(s): Georgi Hristov / Language(s): Romany Publication Year: 0

U barvali ti platsizinas i chovrrwngi ti na mwrwn, u chourrw mw zhivinzinas but lachshws

Author(s): Ahmed Taptev / Language(s): Romany Publication Year: 0

U rromani but butsi kwrnas

Author(s): Todorka Ganeva / Language(s): Romany Publication Year: 0

An elderly woman from Sliven tells about his family and the people of the Upper quarter of Sliven.

Amarw manusha sini en oshtikerdi

Author(s): Peyu Budakov-Selyata / Language(s): Romany Publication Year: 0

The interviewee tells the story of his family, as inevitably narrative weaves the history of Sliven Upper neighborhood of times before the Ninth of September, after the Ninth of September and the time after the change of the Tenth of November.

HISTORIJA LGBT AKTIVIZMA

Author(s): Slobodanka Dekić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U poređenju sa krajem 19. i početkom 20. vijeka, kada se stvaraju prve homofilske organizacije u Evropi koje promovišu toleranciju prema homoseksualnosti, savremeni LGBT pokret zaista djeluje kao uspješna priča o političkom aktivizmu, priča o tome koje su sve društvene promjene moguće u relativno kratkom vremenskom periodu. Međutim, kada bi se dublje zagledali u ono što danas nazivamo LGBT pokretom, vidjeli bi da na neka suštinska pitanja i izazove još uvijek nema odgovora. Na primjer, o čemu govorimo kada govorimo o istospolnim vezama, i da li time negiramo slovo T u čuvenoj skraćenici? Da li se LGBT pokret zalaže za prava seksualnih manjina (na osnovu čega smo sigurni da je riječ o manjini?) ili se zalaže za poštivanje seksualnih prava i kontrolu nad sopstvenim tijelom? Da li su zaista sva slova iz skraćenice zastupljena u LGBT aktivizmu, posebno u lokalnim/regionalnim kontekstima u kojima je transrodna zajednica gotovo nevidljiva, a biseksualna gotovo da nije nikada ni postojala na aktivističkoj sceni?

LGBT aktivizam u bivšoj Jugoslaviji

Author(s): Marko Jurčić,Marija Savić,Saša Gavrić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Prve gej i lezbijske organizacije, ili bolje rečeno inicijative, u Hrvatskoj kao federalnoj jedinici druge Jugoslavije, pojavljuju se tek valom liberalizacije u drugoj polovini osamdesetih godina prošlog stoljeća, a život gejeva i lezbijki veoma teško se može doživjeti; posredno - kroz rijetka literarna djela i pokoje osobne memoare.

FEMINIZMI

Author(s): Aida Spahić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Feminizam u svom najširem značenju obuhvata svaku vrstu djelovanja, pisanja i zagovaranja prava i ravnopravnosti žena, kao i borbu protiv nepravdi koje im se nanose u većini društava na svijetu. Feminizam obuhvata mnogobrojne pokrete koji su različiti i počeli su se odvojeno razvijati od vremena kad su se žene uspjele izboriti za pravo glasa i osnovna građanska prava. Klasični feminizam često se poistovjećuje sa pokretom bjelkinja, zapadnih žena koje djeluju iz privilegirane pozicije u odnosu na druge žene. Ipak, feminizam predstavlja i otpor lezbejki, crnkinja, žena sa invaliditetom, samohranih majki, feministica iz postkolonijalnih zemalja, pa i nekih muškaraca. Nije izvodivo dati cjelokupan pregled feminističkih pokreta i teorija jer se na našim prostorima teoretičari/ke u najvećoj mjeri oslanjaju na zapadnu teorijsku misao što je samo po sebi ograničavajuće.

FILM

Author(s): Dalila Mirović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U sjevernoameričkoj feminističkoj filmskoj kritici i teoriji, sintagma ženska kinematografija (women’s cinema) najčešće se upotrebljava kao krovni naziv za svaki oblik rada na filmu u kojem su učestvovale žene – bilo da se radi o režiranju, pisanju scenarija, glumi ili kostimografiji. Ipak, kako to Judith Mayne bilježi u svom djelu The Woman at the Keyhole, iako se ovaj termin čini jednostavnim za definisati, vremenom je stekao dva dijametralno suprotna značenja. Mayne kao prvo značenje navodi filmove koje su režirale žene, režiserke poput Dorothy Arzner, Ide Lupino, Joan Silver, ali i onih koje bi feministkinje rado zaboravile, poput Leni Riefenstahl ili Line Wertmüller, na taj način sužavajući izvornu definiciju ženske kinematografije isključivo na režiranje. Drugo značenje koje ovaj termin ima odnosi se na holivudske filmove, uglavnom četrdesetih i pedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća, koji su namijenjeni ženama, odnosno koji su napravljeni na taj način da se svide, primarno, ženskoj publici, a često imaju melodramatičan ili patetičan ton, te po Molly Haskell predstavljaju soft-core emocionalne porno filmove za zadovoljavanje masturbatornih fantazija frustriranih domaćica.

HOMOSEKSUALNOST

Author(s): Maida Zagorac / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Pojam homoseksualnost je nastao iz dvije riječi: iz starogrčke riječi όμός (homos) što znači isti i latinske riječi sexus, što znači spol. Homoseksualnost se definira kao emotivna i fizička privlačnost prema osobama istog spola, te predstavlja jednu od tri moguće seksualne orijentacije – heteroseksualne, biseksualne i homoseksualne. Termin homoseksualnost osmislio je Karl Heinrich Ulrichs 1862. godine. Termin se odnosio na one osobe koje vole pripadnike_ce svog spola ili koji_e su zarobljeni_e u tijelu suprotnog spola. Za žene se koristio termin homoseksualne žene.

Selected Essays by Young Authors (Vol. 1)

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This is the first collection of selected essays by the authors who attended the courses and seminars the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia organized in 2004. Within the three-year project “Building up Democracy and Good Governance in Multiethnic Communities” that is being implemented with the assistance of the European Union, twelve 5-day “schools of democracy” and eight 3-day seminars under the common title “Life and Living in Multiethnic Environments” were held in 2004 in Belgrade, Novi Sad, Kragujevac and Novi Pazar. Over 500 trainees attended these courses and seminars. The project is aimed at capacitating young people – by the means of attractive and interactive courses of training – not only for a life in multiethnic communities that are particularly burdened with the adverse experience of the recent past, mutual distrust and stereotypes, but also for a life in the conditions that mark a modern democracy and reflect its standards. An objective as such implies, among other things, rational perception of notions, developments and trends that are in Serbia still blurred, marginalized and subject to relativism or, moreover, to various and even misguiding interpretations. The Helsinki Committee’s experience testifies this is all about a process that takes time but is worthy of effort – the more so since young people, as evidenced by the selected writings as well, fully perceive it as an imperative need of their own.

Izricanje istine – Izabrani intervjui iz programa Radija Deutsche Welle

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian

Many books have already been written about how Serbia reacted to the challenge at the beginning of the Third Millennium. In front of the reader is a book that stands out from the crowd because of who, when and what is said in it. On the airwaves of Radio Deutsche Welle, 149 intellectuals, predominantly of Serbian nationality, but also foreigners who deal with Serbia professionally, spoke in 169 interviews about the situation in Serbia mainly after October 5, 2000. By definition, the critical, individual opinion of economists, historians, doctors, diplomats, and artists rounded off the worrying picture of the whole. Speaking independently of each other, the interlocutors of Radio Deutsche Welle reveal the reality of Serbia, which is significantly different from the official reality. Marked as a peaceful revolution, as a new beginning for Serbia, as its historic chance to stop wasting time, with the undivided support of the European Union and the United States of America, October 5, 2000, when the consensual autocrat Slobodan Milošević was removed, was ambiguous. the event. Great hopes were raised; created unrealistic but explainable expectations; the apparent unity of intentions of the main actors was achieved. But, by itself, October 5, 2000 did not represent the balance of what happened in the previous 15 years, and even less a clear projection of Serbia in the future. The attempt made by Prime Minister Zoran Đinđić in this direction was brutally stopped by his murder. Legalism was the new name for the large-state project of the 1990s, which led Serbia to disaster, and the Serbian national and state issue to a dead end. The dismantling of Slobodan Milošević's regime could only occur as a consequence of discontinuity with that policy. … Collected in this book, they represent an important testimony that binds the ruling structures in Serbia. The reality cannot be ignored if there is a political will to change it and to stop the regression of Serbia.

Ekofeminizam

Author(s): / Language(s): Croatian

Proceedings Ecofeminism: between women's and green studies, edited by Goran Đurđević and Suzana Marjanić (Durieux Publisher, Zagreb, 2020), consists of 40 texts from the humanities and social sciences (anthropology, journalism, political science, sociology, literary theory, science of education) and art (poetry and prose), written by 37 authors from Croatia, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, the United Kingdom and the United States. The starting point for edited book was workshop cycle on the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb organized with help of professor Drago Roksandić and there was created idea for book by Mirjana Grabovac, Karmen Ratković and Suzana Marjanić. Also, various colleagues such as Dražen Tončić and Mirta Maslać from Durieux, artist Kristina Pongrac and reviewers Ivica Bakota, Zlatko Bukač and Ana Stojanović have been an important part of this volume. The aims of the collection are to actualize ecofeminism and encourage critical reflection and analysis of long-term ecofeminism in Croatia and Southeast Europe; permeation of global and local approaches and knowledge transfer; openness to young authors. For these reasons, the book can be read on several levels: theoretical as a contribution to the knowledge of the theory of ecofeminism in the context of contemporary trends, socio-political as an analysis of social processes and structures, activist through the analytical perspective of activism of individual groups and actors in public, performative and political life. The final part of the volume are poems and this piece of book shows a holistic approach to ecofeminism and integration of scholarship, essays and art which is leading back to the roots and indigenous perspectives of life and community understood as integration.