CEEOL - Browse Subjects Result

We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE NUMBER OF MICRO-ENTERPRISES ON THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN POLAND WITH THE USE OF PANEL MODELS

Author(s): Agnieszka Anna Huterska,Ewa Zdunek-Rosa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Small and medium-sized enterprises, in particular, micro-enterprises play an important role in generating gross value added as well as in job creation. The objective of the study is to evaluate the dependence between the number of micro-enterprises and the rate of unemployment in particular provinces in Poland in the years 2004–2014. The paper includes an analysis of cross-sectional and time series data using panel models. The conducted analysis showed that, as expected, a negative relationship exists between the number of micro-enterprises and the unemployment rate.

More...

Family entrepreneurship in the Czech Republic on the verge of first generation handover

Author(s): Naděžda Petrů,Karel Havlíček / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Family is an integral part of society in all cultures and time periods. Its mission is to raise the next generation, which will be able to continue and further develop knowledge and experience of the previous generation. The modern history of family entrepreneurship in Czech Republic restarted back in 1989, i.e., straight after the fall of the communist regime and restoration of the democratic system. People went into business with enthusiasm and the most successful ones among then now stand on the verge of generation handover. The literature review prepared using the desk-research method is mainly based on foreign professional sources – monographic publications, scientific articles published in professional magazines, accessed from Proquest, Web of Science, Ebsco, Scopus and some other databases. The objective of our quantitative research was to evaluate, based on parameter E (Experience), the generational representation of family members in relation to leadership and ownership of businesses. Quantitative research was based on the use of statistical and graphical data processing methods, including SPSS software, applied for the authors’ own empirical investigation based on the international methodology of family company review through the F-PEC scale, the Experience parameter (Astrachan et al., 2002). It was shown that accumulation of business experience in business families is still mainly concentrated on the founding generation of entrepreneurs. In the conclusion of the paper, deduction and generalisation methods have been applied.

More...

Small and medium enterprises in the context of regional development and innovations

Author(s): Gulnara Ruchkina,Marina Melnichuk,Svetlana Viktorovna Frumina,Grzegorz Mentel / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The current state of economic development and innovations’ support often brings small and medium enterprises (SMEs) at the forefront of government fiscal policy. Various policy measures targeted at SMEs’ support and development necessarily include measures on promotion of innovations within small business. However, despite substantial efforts undertaken by the authorities to increased financial injections into this area, development of innovations by small businesses faces many obstacles. Statistics on the registered small and medium enterprises shows that the sharp rise of entrepreneurship observed in the early 1990s changed for the stagnation towards the end of the decade and sluggish dynamics of the present time. Unfortunately, as practice shows, measures taken so far do not stimulate significant changes in the development of small business. Moreover, differentiation of small businesses between regions is only increasing, as it is manifested through substitution of divergence for convergence. Our paper analyzes the legal framework regulating small business development as well as state of innovations within SMEs so that to identify the main indicators contributing to sustainable regional economic growth.

More...

Determinants of Born-Global Firms: Evidence from Nigeria

Author(s): Moruff Sanjo Oladimeji,Benneth Uchenna Eze / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Firms’ Internationalization is a gradual and incremental process where firms concentrated in their home country and internationalized over a period. This research work has sought to find out the determinants of born-global firms in Nigeria. 121 copies of questionnaires were administered to selected companies in Nigeria, only 102 were returned. Only 64 firms met the criteria for classification as a born-global firm. Logistic regression was employed to analyse the data. The response rate is 84.30%.The result reveals that Enterprise Support Agencies (ESA) network and cultural proximity increase the probability of a Nigeria exporting MSMEs being a born global firm, but the technology level at which the firm does business, does not significantly increase the probability of a Nigeria exporting MSME being a born-global firm. It is recommended that the government should enhance the capacity of the enterprise development agencies as well as create more awareness about its operations

More...

PODEJŚCIE PROCESOWE W ZARZĄDZANIU MAŁĄ FIRMĄ

Author(s): Anna Marciszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

A processing orientation concerns not only processes happening in large enterprises, but also processes in small organizations. The interest in a process approach among small enterprises has increased, but businessmen do not have the suitable knowledge to prepare and initiate the implementation of this management method. In present market conditions, there is the need for the competence development, the adjustment to changing environment and the search for potential for development. Therefore, it is appropriate to examine this issue. The article is aimed at presenting the possibility of applying a process approach in small organizations and showing difficulties which small businesses might face.

More...

Innovative Mechanisms in a Private Ownership Economy with a Financial Market

Author(s): Ilona Ćwięczek,Agnieszka Lipieta / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

Let a private ownership economy with a financial market be given. In this economy, innovations in Schumpeter’s sense of the term can be modeled by the use of the Arrow and Debreu topological apparatus. This set-up reveals the impact of the relationship between the financial and the real markets in the economy on innovation. The paper distinguishes and models innovations and different types of innovative mechanisms revealed within Schumpeterian evolution. Following Hurwicz’s approach to modeling economic mechanisms, the main results take the form of mathematical theorems interpreted in the language of economics.

More...

Analiza rozwoju nowych technologii w gospodarstwach domowych w Polsce

Author(s): Dorota Pekasiewicz,Agata Szczukocka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

In recent years an intensive development in the field of new technologies has been observed in Poland. The level of computerisation and digitalisation is the defining factor in determining information society. Access to knowledge and information has an impact on the socio-economic development and competitiveness of the economy. Infrastructure ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), which includes: desktops, laptops, phones and Internet access, has become the working tool, source of information. The aim of the article is to draw attention to the accessibility and using of ICT in households. In the article the conditions of access to new technologies, the structure of users, duration of computers and Internet usage are considered. The choice of topic was connected with the belief that ICT are becoming a prerequisit for access to full participation in society.

More...

Źródła niskiej efektywności proinnowacyjnej pomocy z Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Joanna Kotowicz-Jawor / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

The main objective of this paper is to examine the influence of the EU cohesion policy in the years 2004–2015 on the innovation capacity of the Polish economy. It is found that while this policy positively influences the main macroeconomic indicators, it lacks effective impact on the innovation activity of Polish enterprises. The thesis formulated in the paper is that the main reason for unsatisfactory innovation results of big transfer of European structural funds is the transitional stage of economic development between the investment and innovation phases. The paper identifies the main internal barriers to this transition, identified on the basis of the institutional and endogenous economic theory. These are the following: a lack of institutional infrastructure appropriate for the knowledge economy, shortage of regulation transparency and permanent instability of enterprises’ institutional setting. Such barriers augment the investment risk and shorten their development strategy horizon. Other important barriers are the high transaction costs, immaturity of social capital (lack of trust in market ners), low quality of human capital, conservative development financing structure, disadvantages of EU structural funds allocation system, and the demand structure in the transition stage slowing down innovative capacity of enterprises. The main recommendation oriented at weakening the above barriers is the creation of the proper National Innovation System, assuring the effective interactions between 3 their main pillars: the research and education sector, enterprises, and the institutional system. Interactions between institutions, knowledge and technology create convenient conditions for the growth of creativity, which accelerates innovations on the micro, mezo and macroeconomic level.

More...

Innowacje organizacyjne jako czynnik zwiększenia konkurencyjności mikro i małych przedsiębiorstw

Author(s): Piotr Piotrowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2012

It show carried research, that it among polish enterprises smallest innovations activity exert small enterprises. Author thinks in article over reasons such phenomenon and it shows directions and methods of potential development micro and small enterprises for increasing their competitiveness.

More...

Wpływ kredytów hipotecznych dla klientów indywidualnych na rynek nieruchomości w Polsce

Author(s): Aleksandra Chołodowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2012

The increase in the accessibility of mortgage loans for physical persons causes real estate market prices to rise, due to the increase in demand for apartments and houses as well as the increase in demand for notary services, building materials and interior design. The growth in demand for real estate results in the growth of their supply. Furthermore, bigger real estate supply pushes the supply of building materials and workforce to rise as well. As a result of the decrease of unemployment in the economy, state resources that were supposed to be spent on allowance for the unemployed stay in the budget and, what’s more, state tax inflows also rise. Mortgage loans are inseparably linked with real estate market. These elements stay in close correlation.

More...

The intellectual capital as the regions' competitiveness factor

Author(s): Tadeusz Dyr,Karolina Ziółkowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Theories of the regional development show that the intellectual capital is an important factor of the regions competitiveness. The main aim of the article is an evaluation of variation of factors determining the intellectual capital level of Polish regions. The paper has been shown that there is a statistically significant relation between the level of economic development of Polish regions and factors determining the value of intellectual capital.

More...

Family farms from Romania Nord Vest Region in the context of the rural sustainable development

Author(s): Maria Mortan,Vincentiu Veres,Leonina Emilia Baciu,Patricia Raţiu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

This paper analyses the extent to which aspects contributing to sustainable development are integrated at family farms level. The present research aims to inventory the state of family farms from the Nord Vest development region from Romania, to see how they can contribute to the sustainable development of the area. Another objective is to investigate the availability of the family farm to develop and to identify the variables that can influence this desire, given its role in the existence of the Romanian village. As it was noted from the literature review, family farms have different characteristics from one country to another and even from one area to another, thus requiring different approaches. The characteristics revealed at the level of family farms from the Nord Vest Region outline a low economic viability, which indicates a low probability of economic development in the absence of coherent policies to support them directly.

More...

Юридичні практики «рro bono»: зміст та чинники розвитку в Україні

Author(s): O. S. Marchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 29/2017

The author disclosed the content of legal services “Pro bono” and characterizes its differences in comparison with legal consulting services, free legal aid, charity of lawyers. The relationship of legal practices “Pro bono” and the social responsibility of legal business is substantiated in the article. The main factors for the development of legal practices “Pro bono” in Ukraine are defined.

More...

Producers' Optima in Schumpeterian Evolution

Author(s): Marta Kornafel,Anna Denkowska / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2017

The paper presents a production system in the Debreu model of general equilibrium. According to Schumpeter, economic development is possible only on the strength of innovations being introduced. This process provides a sequence of optimal production plans, corresponding to each stage of the innovative evolution. The paper characterises the sequence of optimal plans and provides the conditions for its convergence. Moreover, the limiting production plan is shown to be the producer’s optimum in the final state.

More...

Innovative transformations of the legal business and legal education

Author(s): L. S. Shevchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2017

The author analyzes the nature of innovation processes, the distinctions between legal innovations and innovations in legal activities. In the article the preconditions of innovative law firms are proved. The influence of technological innovations on the development of legal services business is investigated. Particular attention is paid to virtualization of legal services. The task for innovative reform of legal education is drawn.

More...

The Impact of Age on Polish Households Financial Behavior – Indebtedness and Over-Indebtedness

Author(s): Paulina Anioła-Mikołajczak / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The aim of this paper is to examine how age of the head of household affects the financial behavior of households in terms of indebtedness and over-indebtedness. The over-indebtedness was analyzed from two aspects – margin and debt service ratio indicators. The data from Household Budget Survey in 2011 conducted by Central Statistical Office of Poland was used in the analyses. To achieve the main objective, selected measures of descriptive statistics and contingency tables were used. The research results confirm that in Poland credits were taken mainly by households of young people, which is consistent with assumptions of the life cycle hypothesis. Although these assumptions were not confirmed in the case of a problem with over-indebtedness.

More...

A Classification of Polish Households Based on a Credit Portfolio and Debt Service Ratio

Author(s): Paulina Anioła-Mikołajczak / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2016

The aim of this paper is to show the diversity of Polish households’ financial behavior in terms of debt as well as an identification of households that are characterized by a high debt to income ratio. The article also attempt to assess the debt to income ratio as a measure of households over-indebtedness. To achieve the main objective, the cluster analysis method was used. Based on the households credits portfolio and the level of debt to income ratio, 11 homogeneous groups of households were generated. Five of them were characterized by a high debt to income ratio (>30%), which classify them as overindebted.

More...

Ocena zmian struktury obszarowej gospodarstw w Polsce na tle nowych państw UE (aspekty metodyczne)

Author(s): Zbigniew Binderman,Wiesław Szczesny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The paper presents the concepts of indicators intended to organize objects described by many features of non-negative values on the same scale, i.e. ones whose values can be interpreted as components of a structure. The discussed measures can be used in information systems of both public institutions which observe structural changes and large corporations with extensive internal structures for reporting in Management Information Systems (MIS). The concept is illustrated by the changes that occur in the structure of farms in Poland against the background of the new EU Member States in the period 2003-2010.

More...

The Impact of Margin on the Performance of Trade Companies in Serbia

Author(s): Radojko Lukić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

As it is well known, one of the most important forms of profit in trading companies is the gross margin. By its size it should be as such to cover total operating expenses (business costs) and to gain certain amount of profit for the needs of further development and growth of the trading company. It is one of the “critical factors of business success” in trading enterprises. Based on the comparative analysis, in this article we have explored the impact of the gross margin on the performance of trade enterprises in selected countries (United States, European Union, Russia, China, Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina), with special emphasis on Serbia. It was concluded that the gross margin of trade in Serbia is at a lower level compared to many western countries, as well as Russia, and China. It was at about the same level as in Croatia, but higher than in Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. At a given level of gross margin profit increase can be primarily achieved by reducing operating costs by applying “new business model” in the trade of Serbia.

More...

WYDATKI GOSPODARSTW DOMOWYCH 50+ A AKTYWNOŚĆ EKONOMICZNA

Author(s): Iwona Bąk,Beata Szczecińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

The purpose of the research in this paper is to analyze the statistical expenditure of households on account of their economic activity. There were discussed the average expenditures on particular types of consumer goods and services, as well as the structure of expenditures of these household, according to the labor market status of the head of household (employed, inactive, unemployed). The study covered 2014 and the integrated dataset included 20,607 households in which the head of the household was 50 years or older.

More...