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Entry into the democratic world has also been a step in the world of international crime, which today operates in global dimensions. The local underworld in the Czech Republic is confronted with criminal groups from the territory of the former Soviet Union, the Balkans, Italy and Western Europe, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, Sub-Saharan Africa and together with them creates a new, much more developed "crime industry". Organized crime tends to "buy" top politicians, civil servants, police officers, and thus ensure inviolability, create parallel criminal economies, expand abroad. Czech security policy is often unable to respond effectively to this changed situation.
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Policijski službenik Goran Stamenković je zbog nezakonitog postupanja tokom rušenja Savamale kažnjen ispod zakonskog minimuma, iako je prema odluci suda došlo do teške povrede prava tri građanina i štete od preko 1,5 miliona dinara. Tako su ispunjeni uslovi da policajac Stamenković ne dobije otkaz i da praktično ne snosi nikakvu odgovornost. Trenutni bilans pravde za rušenje Savamale je 3.000 dinara, koliko je „Goranče” morao da plati sudske troškove. Šef smene dežurne službe policije Stamenković je po naređenju još uvek neidentifikovanog „vrha policije” postupao suprotno zakonu tokom rušenja Savamale i nije sprečio ugrožavanje bezbednosti građana i njihove imovine. Uslovno je kažnjen zatvorom zbog nesavesnog rada u službi u trajanju od pet meseci. Kazna se neće izvršiti ako Stamenković u sledeće dve godine ne izvrši novo krivično delo. Međutim, uslovna osuda nije trebalo da spreči Ministarstvo unutrašnjih poslova da pokrene disciplinski postupak protiv Stamenkovića (pogledajte odgovor MUP-a na pitanje o tome).
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This report presents an overview of the state of the rule of law and the judiciary in Kosovo, divided into two parts. The first section gives an overview of the key challenges to the effective rule of law, with a focus governance of the judiciary. It delves into the structure and role of the monitoring bodies of courts and prosecution services, the state of judicial independence, and the mechanisms for transparency and accountability. It then moves onto practical issues, such as disciplinary procedures, structures to curb corruption and training and capacity building systems. The section finishes with an overview of the judicial integration of the north of Kosovo, the efforts to reduce the backlog and the Functional Review of the Rule of Law. Equally important, the second section addresses court administration and the performance of the administrative staff. It reviews the size and structure of the courts, the budget of the judicial sector, the effects of the wider education system on the judiciary, the status of the Administration, the existing rules for hiring and performance evaluation, and the decentralization process. The section closes with an analysis of the ongoing judicial digitalization.
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A key factor affecting the personal and social life of suspects and accused is the media coverage of their cases. Inappropriate media exposure, particularly at the beginning of proceedings, affect the presumption of innocence creating negative public attitudes towards defendants (and their families) before their guilt has been established by the court. The presentation of defendants in the media is subject to various studies, policies and regulations. However, the increased accessibility of technologies has changed the way information is shared, creating new challenges that are not addressed by the existing instruments. Once published, the news reach large audiences easily and quickly, remain accessible for a long time, and facilitate the identification of defendants. The present report is part of a series of country studies exploring the approaches used in four European Union Member States - Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, and Spain to regulate the media coverage of criminal proceedings and the disclosure of information about suspects and accused persons. The reports give an overview of the legal rules governing the public disclosure of information during criminal proceedings and examine the communication between criminal justice authorities and the media, including the access of the media to pending criminal cases. Another focus of the reports is the media coverage of ongoing criminal cases, the binding and non-binding rules governing the work of journalists when reporting on criminal proceedings, and the remedies available to suspects and accused persons to protect their rights or seek compensation for damages when these rules are not observed.
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Three legal cases/political scandals during 2018-19 grabbed the attention of the domestic public and the international community in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The first two concerned the unresolved deaths of two young men, Dženan Memić in Sarajevo and David Dragičević in Banja Luka. The improper investigative conduct of the police and judiciary regarding their deaths raised suspicions of cover-ups and political interference. The third concerned corruption allegations against Milan Tegeltija, then president of the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council of Bosnia and Herzegovina (HJPC), the BiH judiciary’s self-managing body. The three cases marked the nadir of a steady decline of the rule of law institutions in BiH over the last decade and a half, and stand in stark contrast to 2005 when BiH was a frontrunner among Western Balkan countries aspiring to European Union (EU) membership. Rule of law achievements until then had been the result of substantial and systematic judicial and (to a lesser degree) police reform carried out during the immediate post-war period under the leadership of the international community. This paper serves as an introduction to a policy paper/note series entitled “The Decline of the Rule of Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Role and Responsibility of the International Community” that constitutes a central component of a project launched in 2019 by the Democratization Policy Council (DPC) with the support of the Heinrich Böll Foundation office in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is aimed at initiating a dialogue among Western diplomats and officials on the international community’s co-responsibility for the decline of the rule of law in BiH – with each subsequent paper covering one of the key episodes stated above – focused on how the damage done can be repaired, and how international actors can contribute to a re-strengthening of the rule of law institutions in BiH.
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ROOT CAUSES OF THE NON-ENFORCEMENT OF THE DOMESTIC JUDICIAL DECISIONS IN UKRAINE // THE ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGEMENTS IN UKRAINE: SITUATION, PROBLEMS, INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS// SEARCH RESULTS AND ANALYSIS OF THE UNEXECUTED JUDGEMENTS IN THE USRCD BASED ON THE STATISTICAL SAMPLE OF THE TOTAL BODY OF THE ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS // ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION REGULATING THE STATE LIABILITY TO CLAIMANTS // CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS CAUSES OF THE NON-ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENTS // SUMMARY OF THE REPORT ON THE ANALYSIS OF ROOT CAUSES OF THE NON-ENFORCEMENT OF DOMESTIC JUDICIAL DECISIONS IN UKRAINE UNDER THE GRANT AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE AND THE RAZUMKOV CENTRE // THE STATUS OF THE COURT BAILIFFS IN GERMAN LAW // ACCESS TO JUDICIAL CONTROL OVER THE ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENTS AND DECISIONS OF OTHER BODIES: A REVIEW OF CERTAIN LEGAL POSITIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT // THE ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS REFORM: PRECONDITIONS, PRESENT AND FUTURE // THE ENFORCEMENT OF COURT DECISIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL AND TO EFFECTIVE REMEDIES // THE JUDICIARY THROUGH THE EYES OF UKRAINIAN CITIZENS
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ANALYSIS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES CONCERNING JUSTICE // IMPLEMENTING CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES CONCERNING JUSTICE: CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS // THE PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES CONCERNING THE STATUS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE // THE PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING CHANGES TO THE CONSTITUTION CONCERNING JUSTICE AND THE STATUS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE // THE JUDICIARY THROUGH THE EYES OF UKRAINIAN CITIZENS // REFORMING THE BAR // COMPETITIVE SELECTION TO THE SUPREME COURT: THE PROCESS, RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS // INDIVIDUAL CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT IN GERMANY AND UKRAINE: THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS // LEGAL CONFLICTS IN DETERMINING IMPARTIALITY AND NEUTRALITY IN THE FOR MATION OF THE SUPREME COURT // KEY CONSTITUTIONAL NOVELS OF THE JUDICIAL REFORM: IS EVERYTHING THAT GOOD? // THE LAW ON THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE: THE THIRD ATTEMPT // PROCEDURAL GUIDANCE IN PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION WITHIN THE PUBLIC PROSECUTION BODIES // THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT AND CRIMINAL LAW
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Država nema ni znanja ni kapaciteta da osmisli i sprovede ozbiljne protivepidemiološke mere. Iz svesnog nehata ili umišljaja, najviši državni funkcioneri i njihovi timovi i štabovi čine teška krivična dela protiv zdravlja ljudi. Govore članovi udruženja Ujedinjeni protiv kovida: Prof. dr Zoran Radovanović, dr Anđela Gavrilović, dr Vuk Vučić i dr Miloš Bojović. Razgovor vodi Svetlana Lukić.
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ТУЖИЛАШТВО ЗА ОРГАНИЗОВАНИ КРИМИНАЛ - Устаничка 29, 11000 Београд Предмет: кривична пријава против Владимира Ђукановића, народног посланика из Београда, служ. адреса: Народна скупштина Републике Србије, Београд, 11000, Трг Николе Пашића 13, и више Н.Н. лица, због основане сумње да су починили кривична дела из чл. 346, 278 и 128. Кривичног законика Републике Србије (даље: КЗ).
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Polako pada noć, počeo je policijski čas. Pred zgradom u novosadskom bulevaru Cara Lazara, iako je vreme zabrane kretanja, okuplja se grupa ljudi. Oveća grupa, čak petnaestak njih, mlađi ljudi, svi sa maskama i pod kapuljačama. Iz parkiranog kombija vade opremu za razglas, miksetu, pirotehnički materijal i penju se na krov zgrade. Sledi veoma glasno emitovanje snimljenog materijala tipa „Hej, hej Đilase, vrati pare lopove“, potom bakljada i vatromet.
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The employment system in public health institutions in the Federation of BiH has been the target of well-founded criticism for its lack of transparency for a long time. The recent reform of labor legislation has brought, among other things, an obligation for public health institutions to recruit all new employees through public advertising. This opened a number of new dilemmas, including the issue of the legal status of health workers who have been convicted of criminal offenses, and health workers against whom criminal proceedings are being conducted, when they appear as candidates in recruitment procedures in public health institutions. The analysis of this problem, which included labor and criminal legislation, regulations on personal data protection, but also regulations in the field of health professional law, showed that in the applicable legislation there is no valid legal basis for collection of data on the previous convictions of the candidates or on the criminal proceedings against the candidates by public health institutions in employment procedures.
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From December 2017 through September 2018, as part of the Gender and Justice Project in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Atlantic Initiative facilitated a panel of thirteen judges and prosecutors who developed this Practice Handbook for handling sexual harassment cases. The work of the panel was supported by the Embassy of the Kingdom of Sweden to Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance and Training (OPDAT) of the United States Department of Justice. The panelists primarily considered the legal framework, the case law, and the legal aspects of sexual harassment, but they also analyzed psychological and social theories and studies on sexual harassment that are relevant to a comprehensive understanding of the topic and recognition of the individual and social dynamics related to this issue. This Practice Handbook, with references to the law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), as well as international case law and literature, presents the conclusions, recommendations, and key findings of panelists. The Handbook is divided into seven chapters, to be used together and separately as a resource for handling cases of sexual harassment. Chapter One presents the causes and consequences of sexual harassment and considers the dynamics of harassment, perpetrator profiles, and myths and stereotypes related to gender. Chapter Two outlines the legal framework and case law related to sexual harassment, with respect to establishing liability and presenting evidence in sexual harassment cases. Chapter Three discusses the establishment of civil liability for the existence of sexual harassment as a form of discrimination. Chapter Four introduces the practical elements of the Handbook. Chapter Five and Six present the recommendations of the panel for handling proceedings in criminal sexual harassment cases. Chapters Seven addresses the recommendations of the panel for civil proceedings in sexual harassment cases. Chapter Eight discusses minor offence proceedings for a failure to undertake appropriate measures to prevent sexual harassment. In BiH, sexual harassment was recognized and regulated by law for the first time in 2003 by the Law on Gender Equality, and later by the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination. As of 2016, sexual harassment is also addressed by labor laws at the entity level. However, despite this legislation and numerous activities aimed at supporting gender equality, data from the European Union and the region demonstrate that sexual harassment is a widespread occurrence with serious consequences; and in BiH, sexual harassment receives insufficient attention and is, in many cases, trivialized. Further, because sexual harassment is not appropriately recognized, sexual harassment cases in BiH mostly remain unreported. And though fifteen years have passed since sexual harassment was legally defined in the country, only a handful of cases have been handled by the judiciary, indicating that court practices in this area are inadequately developed. For all these reasons, the Atlantic Initiative has been working since 2014 to build the capacity of judicial institutions in BiH to prevent and recognize sexual harassment. This has resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive prevention mechanism in all judicial institutions in BiH as well as in several higher education institutions. This work on prevention revealed the need for in-depth consideration of both criminal and civil sexual harassment cases, and also the need to engage in capacity building among judges and prosecutors who handle these cases.
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Seksualno uznemiravanje predstavlja globalnu pojavu koja datira vjekovima, a koja se služila za omalovažavanje i ponižavanje žena u radnom kontekstu. Ovoj pojavi se kroz historiju nije pridavala velika pažnja jer su žene i feministkinje bile okupirane ostvarivanjem pristupa tržištu rada i borbom za osnovna prava. Danas se prepoznaje da je seksualno uznemiravanje rezultat rodnih predrasuda prema ženama, koje prevladavaju u svim državama širom svijeta, s manjim ili većim intenzitetom, te postoje jasni koraci da se zaustavi.
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Krivično djelo silovanja čini: ko drugu osobu, upotrebom sile ili prijetnje da će izravno napasti na njezin život ili tijelo ili na život ili tijelo njoj bliske osobe, prisili na spolni odnošaj ili s njim izjednačenu spolnu radnju... (Krivični zakon Federacije BiH, Krivični zakonik Republike Srpske i Krivični zakon Brčko distrikta).
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Since the introduction of the Bologna system of study, the higher education in Montenegro has undergone intensive adaption to the European academic space. This process also revealed systemic problems that are plaguing our higher education institutions. There are three main providers of higher education in Montenegro:• University of Montenegro (UoM), a public university founded in 1974, with 18771 students in the school year 2016/17, and 5881 persons employed in the capacity of academic staff;• Mediteran University, the first private university founded in 2006, with 1601 students and 65 members of academic staff, and• University Donja Gorica (UDG), founded in 2007, with 2216 students and 168 members of academic staff. There are also another ten independent higher education institutions that do not have the status of a university, but operate as independent departments - Faculty of Business and Tourism Budva, Faculty of Montenegrin Language and Literature Cetinje, Faculty of Administrative and European Studies, Faculty of International Management in Tourism and Hospitality Miločer, Faculty for Mediterranean and Business Studies Tivat, Faculty of Management Herceg Novi, Faculty of Business Management Bar, Faculty of Business Economics Bar, Faculty of Transport, Communications and Logistics and Maritime Faculty Bar. Around 1500 students altogether are attending these universities.
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Corruption is a social problem which has existed since ancient times and which is devouring the society from inside at various levels. It is a problem that exists in all modern societies. The perception of citizens, both laic and professional public, is that corruption in Montenegrin society exists at a worrying level, which has spread to the extent that it creates negative matrixes of relations in everyday life. The consequences of this are felt both through moral aspects in the form of ‘distorted consciousness and system of values’, as well as through legal, economic and other parameters. Although corruption exists in society from ancient times, all societies in a principle are always negating the existence of corruption and corruptive practise in general. Especially their holders of public functions and official ‘statistics’. Un-readiness of authorised institutions to deal with problem is certainly one of the most important ailments. Fight against corruption is possible exclusively at all levels. However, for this purpose it is necessary to set also an adequate legal basis in terms of adoption of quality legal acts but also through acceptance of relevant international-law sources. When it comes to Montenegro, this matter is stipulated via certain international sources but also via positive-law regulations (laws)
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Projekat „Monitoring poštovanja ljudskih prava u ustanovama zatvorenog tipa u Crnoj Gori“, u cilju unaprijeđenja poštovanja ljudskih prava osoba smještenih u ove ustanove, izvele su od marta 2011. do kraja marta 2013. nevladine organizacije „Akcija za ljudska prava“ (HRA), kao nosilac projekta, Centar za antidiskriminaciju „EKVISTA“, Centar za građansko obrazovanje (CGO) i Sigurna ženska kuća (SŽK), u saradnji sa Beogradskim centrom za ljudska prava i Letonskim centrom za ljudska prava. Projekat su finansirale Evropska unija posredstvom Delegacije Evropske unije u Crnoj Gori i Ambasada Savezne Republike Njemačke u Podgorici. U okviru projekta, 25. oktobra 2011., zaključen je Sporazum o saradnji između nosioca projekta NVO „Akcija za ljudska prava“, Ministarstva pravde i Zavoda za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija (ZIKS), koji je omogućio posjete tima monitora navedenih nevladinih organizacija objektima ZIKS-a (zatvorima) u Podgorici i Bijelom Polju, uz prethodnu najavu od 24 časa, pristup medicinskoj i dokumentaciji vezanoj za disciplinske postupke pritvorenih i osuđenih lica, predstavljanje izvještaja o posjetama i razgovor o izvještaju na okruglom stolu, izradu priručnika o pravima pritvorenih i osuđenih lica i saradnju na javnoj kampanji čiji je cilj približavanje prava pritvorenih i osuđenih lica široj javnosti. Neposredni cilj monitoringa je bio izrada izvještaja o usvajanju preporuka iz Izvještaja Vladi Crne Gore o posjeti Crnoj Gori Evropskog komiteta za sprječavanje mučenja i nečovječnog ili ponižavajućeg postupanja ili kažnjavanja (CPT) od 15. do 22. septembra 2008. godine (u nastavku: „CPT, Izvještaj o posjeti 2008“) i preporuka Zaštitnika ljudskih prava i sloboda Crne Gore (Ombudsmana). Izvještaj je objavljen na okruglom stolu 21. juna 2012. godine u prisustvu predstavnika uprave ZIKS-a, ministra pravde i predstavnika Delegacije EU. Pored ocjene primjene preporuka CPT-a i Ombudsmana, NVO monitoring tim je dao ukupno 164 preporuke za unaprijeđenje poštovanja ljudskih prava u zatvorima u skladu s međunarodnim standardima i preporukama. Neke od preporuka bile su i ponovljene preporuke CPT-a i Ombudsmana. Na kraju projekta, 27. marta 2013. godine, predstavljene su završne ocjene NVO monitoring tima o primjeni preporuka, uz učešće predstavnika uprave zatvora, pomoćnice ministra pravde na čelu Direktorata za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija Ministarstva pravde i šefa Delegacije EU u Crnoj Gori. U ovoj publikaciji objavljujemo izvještaj iz juna 2012. godine („Izvještaj o poštovanju prava pritvorenih i osuđenih lica u Zavodu za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija“) sa tabelom koja sadrži 164 preporuke i ocjenu njihove primjene do kraja projekta u martu 2013. godine. Sastavni dio izvještaja su i rezultati istraživanja među osuđenicima „Poštovanje ljudskih prava u Zavodu za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija – stavovi osuđenika“ iz marta i aprila 2012. godine. U okviru projekta je izrađena i brošura o osnovnim pravima za zatvorenike i zatvorenice na crnogorskom, engleskom i albanskom jeziku, kao i kratki dokumentarni film. Upravi zatvora su dostavljene i knjige „Sprječavanje zlostavljanja i mučenja – priručnik za policiju i zatvorsko osoblje“, dr Ivana Jankovića i Radmile Dragičević-Dičić, koji je izdao Beogradski centar za ljudska prava 2011. godine, kao i publikacija „Zabrana mučenja i drugog zlostavljanja – zbirka izabranih presuda Evropskog suda za ljudska prava“, urednika Žarka Markovića, izdanje Akcije za ljudska prava, 2013. godine. Saradnja sa Ministarstvom pravde i upravom ZIKS-a na ovom projektu je bila izuzetna i predstavlja primjer konstruktivne saradnje državnih organa sa nevladinim organizacijama. Rezultati ovog projekta su zajednički. Na strpljenju i vremenu koje su posvetili projektu posebno zahvaljujemo Dušku Markoviću, ministru pravde i ljudskih prava i potpredsjedniku Vlade Crne Gore, Slavici Rabrenović, pomoćnici ministra pravde na čelu Direktorata za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija Ministarstva pravde, Miljanu Peroviću, direktoru ZIKS-a, Milanu Tomiću, pomoćniku direktora ZIKS-a, Urošu Bogavcu, načelniku KPD-a u prvoj fazi projekta, Milanu Radoviću, načelniku KPD-a u drugoj fazi projekta, Katarini Mitrović, načelnici zatvora za kratke kazne, Branislavu Petroviću, načelniku zdravstvene službe, Radoslavu Sekuloviću i Željku Redžiću, rukovodiocima službe obezbjeđenja, Žani Asanović, sekretarici direktora ZIKS, Anki Cerović, iz pravne službe ZIKS-a i Mušiki Dujoviću, predsjedniku Višeg suda u Podgorici. Hvala na povjerenju svim službenicima ZIKS-a koji su razgovarali sa nama i posebno svima koji su učestvovali u našoj anketi o stavovima osuđenika. Na podršci zahvaljujemo i Delegaciji Evropske komisije u Crnoj Gori, posebno Mitji Drobniču, šefu Delegacije, Albertu Kamarati, šefu sektora za politiku, evropske integracije i privredu i Jadranki Milić, zaduženoj za nadzor nad ovim projektom, kao i Ambasadi Savezne Republike Njemačke, posebno Veri Bordfeld, zamjenici ambasadora i Smilji Goli.
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