Утилитаризъм и логика. За едно възможно приложение на второто към първото

Author(s): Kosta Benchev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2018

The article attempts to apply a four-valued logic to Bentham’s project for establishing a “felicific calculus”, taking into account J. S. Mill’s corrections made to Bentham. The article examines to what extent the criticisms made to Bentham, concerning the impossibility of quantifying human experience, can be avoided. Probabilistic assessments are briefly discussed and several different scenarios for many-valued estimations are proposed with regard to an individual and a group of individuals.

Утопичното съзнание и властовият копнеж

Author(s): Nonka Bogumilova-Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/1997

Утопия и смисъл (есе)

Author(s): Stefan Popski / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2006

Утопията на Ордо Рахелис (Чин за Рахил) от Фльори

Author(s): Slava Yanakieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 10/2004

УЧАСТНИКИ, ИГРОКИ, ГЕРОИ И ПЕРСОНАЖИ РЕАЛИТИ-ШОУ: СПЕЦИФИКА ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИИ

Author(s): Eleonora Georgievna Shestakova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2014

In this article, we for the first time formulate the problem of naming participants of a reality show. The definitions of the names participant, hero, character and player are regarded in the philosophical and cultural aspect. These concepts have complex semantic relations –from synonymous to paradoxical and antagonistic. We show that reality show is a deep ontological and existential problem of self-imitating world and man, which lose the basis and essence of understanding as such and are almost devoid of the ability to understand.

Учебникът по логика на Константин Бранкович

Author(s): Zana Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2009

The article is part of the project “Logic in the Bulgarian secondary education” (2008–2010). The object of the article is one of the oldest textbooks in logic to be found in the National Library in Sofia. The textbook is designed for the Serbian educational system. In the wake of Bulgaria’s Liberation – a time coinciding with the country’s Revival period – the textbook could exert beneficial influence on the Bulgarian education in logic. Konstantin Brankovich’s textbook is a systematic course in logic; it presents the Tradition in logic and through it introduces European models of education and teaching in this area. Many of the examples given in the book are drawn from Serbian history and convey a sense of national pride; they are familiar to the Bulgarian reader too. The main logical theory in Traditional logic and in this textbook is Syllogistics: direct and indirect inferences. Syllogistic inferences could also include conditional (implicative) and disjunctive propositions – something which was and principally could be within the boundaries of Traditional Logic. From this systematic course in logic we could see that modal propositions are also within the Tradition. And only after we’ve had a theory of correct conclusions, can we look at problems regarding errors in logical reasoning; we can also have guidelines for applying logical theory and methods in arguments and disputes. Konstantin Brankovich’s textbook in Logic is within the Tradition in logic. Its presence in a Bulgarian library was a good opportunity for our education to learn, preserve and continue this Tradition. Unfortunately, not all good opportunities are realized.

Учебникът по логика на Константин Бранкович (втора част)

Author(s): Zana Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2009

The article is part of the project “Logic in the Bulgarian secondary education“ (2008–2010). The object of the article is one of the oldest textbooks in logic to be found in the National Library in Sofia. The textbook is designed for the Serbian educational system. In the wake of Bulgaria’s Liberation – a time coinciding with the country’s Revival period – the textbook could exert beneficial influence on the Bulgarian education in logic. Konstantin Brankovich’s textbook is a systematic course in logic; it presents the Tradition in logic and through it introduces European models of education and teaching in this area. Many of the examples given in the book are drawn from Serbian history and convey a sense of national pride; they are familiar to the Bulgarian reader too. The main logical theory in Traditional logic and in this textbook is Syllogistics: direct and indirect inferences. Syllogistic inferences could also include conditional (implicative) and disjunctive propositions – something which was and principally could be within the boundaries of Traditional Logic. From this systematic course in logic we could see that modal propositions are also within the Tradition. And only after we’ve had a theory of correct conclusions, can we look at problems regarding errors in logical reasoning; we can also have guidelines for applying logical theory and methods in arguments and disputes. Konstantin Brankovich’s textbook in Logic is within the Tradition in logic. Its presence in a Bulgarian library was a good opportunity for our education to learn, preserve and continue this Tradition. Unfortunately, not all good opportunities are realized.

Учебниците по Логика на Василий Николаевич Карпов (1798–1867) и на Васил Хаджистоянов Берон (1824–1909)

Author(s): Zana Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2010

This text is part of a larger study on the Logic taught at schools (Traditional Logic, written and taught as a philosophical discipline). The study1 covers the period from the Bulgarian Revival period (shortly before and after the restoration of the Bulgarian state from Ottoman rule in 1878) till 1944 and the present day. During this period there were opportunities for bridging the gap between Traditional Logic and the newly appearing Mathematical Logic: the textbook by William Stanley Jevons2. There were also opportunities for further development of Traditional Logic itself. But many of these opportunities were missed. The Bulgarian Revival is closely linked to Bulgaria’s liberation from nearly five centuries of Ottoman rule. During this period education plays a crucial role for the prosperity of the state: „Fifty years ago, Konstantin Jireček, one of the first historians of the Bulgarian Revival, wrote: „It is not the force of arms and bloodshed, but the books and schools which have far more important implications (results) for the revolution which quietly makes its way“.“3 Books, schools, educational centers, teachers – these are the roads to development. But they are the same roads along which we can go backward. No one doubts this fact in the present day.

Учение Нагарджуны в контексте философской буддологии второй пол. XX – нач. XXI вв

Author(s): Irina S. Urbanaeva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2017

This article discusses the causes of great interest to Nagarjuna in the West in the second half of the twentieth century and highlights the main trends in the interpretation of his philosophy. The main reason was the general intellectual and spiritual situation of the Western world, and especially religious world crisis, the general disappointment in metaphysics and philosophical systems, common philosophical criticism. In this situation, it began to grow interest in the Eastern teachings, including Buddhism, especially to the mystery aspects. Another reason is that in the writings of Nagarjuna provides a systematic theory in the Western sense of the word «philosophy», which expresses the unique content of the doctrine of “historical” Buddha. The author also discusses the fallacy of European interpretations of Madhyamaka (Jaspers, Jacobson, Shcherbatsky, Faton, Betty), Indian interpretations (Dasgupta, Radhakrishnan, Murthy, Narain), writes about the distorted interpretations of Madhyamaka in the Far Eastern Buddhism. In the author’s view, with the advent of high-quality translations of Tibetan texts and Buddhist studies made by Ruegg, Thurman, Hopkins, Kapstein, Garfield, Cabezon the West has had an opportunity to better understand the philosophy of Nagarjuna.

Учението на X. Спенсър за религията

Author(s): Ivan Slanikov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/1996

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Учението на патриарх Фотий за свещените изображения

Author(s): Dmitriy Afinogenov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 14/2008

Учението на Петър Дънов и индийската философия и религия

Author(s): Milena Licheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/1994

HUMANS, RELIGION, UNIVERSE

Ученият: научна и гражданска отговорност за знанието, истината и лъжата

Author(s): Svetla Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3-4/2017

In dialogue with Peter-Emil Mitev’s analysis of the ideas of Bernard Muntyan, the article formulates questions related to the scientific and civic responsibility of the scientist reflecting on the global problems of the modern world. For Muntyan, the cognitive and civic ideal of the scientist is “the whole truth”, viewed as “intolerance towards lies”, as “a struggle against all lies”, as a possibility for achieving a humanity in which society and the individual shall preserve the all-human.

УЧРЕДЕНО Е МЕЖДУНАРОДНО ТВОРЧЕСКО СЪДРУЖИЕ

Author(s): Rumyana Dragoeva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/1995

Учредяване на „Българско онтологично общество“

Author(s): Stefan Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2005

Учредяване на Българско философско общество

Author(s): Silvia Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2016

Ф. М. Достоевски

Author(s): Miscellaneous Miscellaneous / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2014

We publish this brief text by Nikolay Raynov (1. 01. 1889–2. 05. 1954) in order to commemorate the 60th anniversary of his death. This reissue is based on the original publication in the newspaper Savremennik, issue 19, 28. 01. 1931.

Ф. М. ДОСТОЈЕВСКИ, СИМОНА ВЕЈ И СТОЈАН СТИВ ТЕШИЋ O ДУХОВНОЈ ИСКОРИЈЕЊЕНОСТИ САВРЕМЕНОГ ЧОВЈЕКА И ПУТЕВИМА КОЈИ МОГУ ДОВЕСТИ ДО ПОНОВНОГ УКОРЈЕЊИВАЊА

Author(s): Radoje Šoškic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 49/2/2012

The present paper strives to analyse the works and ideas of three authors F. M. Dostoevsky („Legend of the Grand Inquisitor“), Simone Weil (The Need for Roots), and Stojan Steve Tesich (On the open road) in the light of their struggle for reviving man’s primordial forms of conscience and consciousness which will help humanity regain ability to resist religious and ethical mutations of the present era. These authors believe that the official religious institutions of Christian church, having cast away Christ’s gospel of brotherly love, have sided with “Him”, (as voiced and testified by Dostoevsky’s Grand Inquisitor) the Satan himself, who tempted Christ in the desert by offering him rule over “kingdom of earth” in exchange for Christ’s submission. Scientific humanism coupled with Christianity’s betrayal of eternal values posited by Christ has stripped man naked of the religious context which gave his life meaning, leaving him/her free falling in the abyss of nihilism. Weil suggests, which is one of her major ideas in The need for Roots, that the cure to the moral plight of modern European humanity resides in its ability to bring back “the spirit of truth”, love and grace into modern Christianity, which is in its present state devoid of these evangelical virtues. Weil and Dostoevsky’s ideas are shared by Steve Tesich, a Serbian-American screenwriter, playwright and novelist, whose play On the open road is based on Dostoevsky’s „Legend of the Grand Inquisitor“.

Файерабенд: лингвистичните аргументи и научният метод. Пример с кинематиката

Author(s): Vassil Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/1997

Файерабенд: наука без опит не е нито абсурдна, нито самопротиворечива идея

Author(s): Vassil Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/1996

KARL POPPER AND THE METHODOLOGY OF SCIENCE