Болката като разбулване

Author(s): Lazar Koprinarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Pain is seen not as a sensation but as an experience. Several existential "figures" characteristic of the "body-in-pain" are analyzed. In pain experience, the limits of our "might" are questioned. The pain creates an original experience of our own body. The health, which before the pain is "invisible", expresses itself, enters the field of consciousness. The article also examines the possibilities and boundaries for communicating pain and compassion. Also outlined are the consequences of striving to achieve "bodies without pain".

Love, Sex, Communism: A Discussion

Author(s): Jules Joanne Gleeson,Jose Rosales,Andrew Culp / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

The following discussion arose from a chance encounter now routine for a generation raised by the internet. Emerging from a common interest in ultra-left politics, queer social life and the isolation of academia, the conversation unfolded online with the participants typing away on a shared document while researching resources on-the-fly and holding side conversations over chat. The style of their remarks demonstrates how scholars are now fusing traditional forms of thought with the tools of digital culture, as their high-minded observations are punctuated by quotes from online anthologies, page numbers quickly culled through machine searching, and references provided by hyperlink as encouragement for readers to complete their own deep dive into the material. As such, perhaps the reader should imagine it less as an academic panel discussion and more like a post with threads, replies, likes, and links.

El-Mantıku fî’l-Karneyni’s-Sâbi’i ve’s-Sâmini el-Hicriyeyni Metnü’l-Cümeli fî’l-Mantık

Author(s): Ramy MAHMOUD / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2018

The science of logic has occupied an important role in Islamic history. Especially when al-Gazali 505-1111 has come and claimed that who learned Islamic sciences, without learning the Logic we cannot trust in his knowledge. From this time The science of logic has been flourished and quietly began to include in many sciences even Tefsir and Fiqh. After that, Al-razzi 606/1210 has established a big school in Islamic philosophy in general and in logic in particular. al-Khonaji 646/1248 one of his important students. Who moved from Iran to Egypt and became Qadi al-Qudat (Chief Islamic justice). He has improved The science of logic by his books; like Keshf al-Asrar. In the sixth/twelfth one of his books has been spread in Muslim world and became the first step for who wanted to learn Logic. Beside that we have a lot of scholars has made commentaries on this book. In this article we focused on (Metn al-Jumal) by al-Konaji with his spreading in the Sixth. Seventh h.centuries.

European Philosophy and Its Negative Impact on the Treatment of Animals

Author(s): Dorota Probucka / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

In the article, I analyse Aristotle's, Descartes’s and John Rawls's views on the the moral status of non-human beings, and show the negative influence of the views on shaping the human-animal relationship in European culture. The purpose of my reasoning is to demonstrate that in each of these positions there is a problem that boils down to the selection of subjective criteria in the qualitative distinction between the moral status of people and of other animals, and the use of the premises that will prove the previously established deduction. What is common for the position of these three philosophers is the conclusion, that is the conviction that there are insufficient grounds for equal treatment of humans and non-human beings in the sphere of moral life.

Arthur Honegger wobec Jeana Cocteau i Grupy Sześciu

Author(s): Mateusz Melski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04 (35)/2017

The purpose of this article is to present a broad spectrum of relations between Arthur Honegger—a composer, and Jean Cocteau—a poet and playwright. They are often associated with the group under the patronage of Cocteau called Les Six, to which Honegger undoubtedly belonged. The poet gathered young composers around himself and became the initiator of artistic meetings and concerts. Most of them took place between 1917 and 1921. Cocteau wanted to show the path French music should follow. In accordance to that, his aesthetic manifesto Le Coq et l’Arlequinwas published in 1918.In the first section, Honegger’s and Cocteau’s aesthetic views concerning music, its elements expression are presented and confronted. Next, the composer’s as well as poet’s work is presented by the example of their cooperation.The analysis of mutual relations leads to the conclusion that, despite many different views, Honegger and Cocteau respected each other and were very kind. The composer significantly departed from the ideals of Cocteau and developed his own individual style resulting from a wide range of musical inspirations. Les Six was a short-lived group and Cocteau himself was gradually moving away from his controversial and radical views.

Arthur Honegger and His Relation to Jean Cocteau and "Les Six"

Author(s): Mateusz Melski / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (35)/2017

The purpose of this article is to present a broad spectrum of relations between Arthur Honegger—a composer, and Jean Cocteau—a poet and playwright. They are often associated with the group under the patronage of Cocteau called Les Six, to which Honegger undoubtedly belonged. The poet gathered young composers around himself and became the initiator of artistic meetings and concerts. Most of them took place between 1917 and 1921. Cocteau wanted to show the path French music should follow. In accordance to that, his aesthetic manifesto Le Coq et l’Arlequinwas published in 1918.In the first section, Honegger’s and Cocteau’s aesthetic views concerning music, its elements expression are presented and confronted. Next, the composer’s as well as poet’s work is presented by the example of their cooperation.The analysis of mutual relations leads to the conclusion that, despite many different views, Honegger and Cocteau respected each other and were very kind. The composer significantly departed from the ideals of Cocteau and developed his own individual style resulting from a wide range of musical inspirations. Les Six was a short-lived group and Cocteau himself was gradually moving away from his controversial and radical views.

The Church Engaged in Economy—Is It Necessary?

Author(s): Arkadiusz Wuwer / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

In the light of the statements of the Magisterium, the presence of the Catholic Church in the world of economy seems obvious and necessary. However, this article focuses on the need to define (1) the type of economy referred to in the Church documents, (2) the type of the presence of the Church in economy as defined in these documents and (3) the kind of necessity mentioned in the abovementioned records. It is in these three dimensions that the author depicts the outline of the attitude presented by the Church with regard to the basic economic issues (interventionism, social market economics, subsidiarity and solidarity in economics, the logic of unselfishness and gift). The conclusion of the text is that the ultimate reason for the presence of Catholic Church in economy is its social mission aimed at creating a society of relations, where the fundamental principle is social friendship (amicitia socialis).

Pope John Paul II’s Criticism of “Human Rightism” and Its Further Development

Author(s): Roman Míčka / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The paper deals with the concept of human rights in Catholic social teaching, especially regarding the trends of the so-called human rightism, viz. the ideological broadening and utilitarian relativizing of the concept of human rights in recent decades. It concludes that since the constant reference point of the Catholic moral perspective on human rights is still primarily the concept of natural law, it does not accept all the developmental trends in this sphere and consists in a certain fairly narrow understanding of human rights. The criticism of the inadequate progression and errors in the sphere of the further expansive development of human rights began especially in the era of the pontificate of John Paul II and is still being developed.

Tłumaczenie poezji w tandemie. Komentarz do przekładów wierszy Wacława Rolicza-Liedera na język niemiecki

Author(s): Robert Rduch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The author presents translations of Wacław Rolicz-Lieder’s poems into German as an example of translating poetry in tandem. With the aid of archival materials, he proves that Rolicz-Lieder is a co-author of translations previously attributed solely to George.

Ks. prof. dr hab. Józef Herbut (1933–2018)

Author(s): Kazimierz M. Wolsza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

Ks. prof. dr hab. Józef Herbut (1933–2018)

The necessity of using humour in the teaching activity

Author(s): Marius Costel ESI / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2017

The importance given to the pragmatic and functional nature of humor in the educational system expresses the existence and assumption of specific teaching strategies of the school organization. The idea we want to analyze is to see to what extent the use of humor in didactic activity becomes relevant and, at the same time, to analyze the (direct/indirect) relationship between it and the social and educational reality. Thus, we are interested in capturing the main ideas that refer to such an approach to humor in relation to the idea of education and, implicitly, to the didactic activity.

Myth and Education: between Sisyphus and leadership

Author(s): Avdi Visoka / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

This paper aims to theorize the interplay of the mythic imaginary with education and ideology, focusing on the case of Kosovo. After the Second Wold War, a hundred Albanian-language primary schools were opened. 1970 saw the establishment of the University of Prishtina which has had a great impact not only on educational policy but also on the national political agency. This is how the educational policy came in contact with political myths. After Kosovo’s autonomy was abolished in 1991, the Albanian schools and university were closed by the police forces. Education soon took over the mission of the parallel state by being implied in national ideological agencies. This ideological implication continued even after 1999, when an international protectorate was established under UN auspices. Within this political milieu the process of reform has been sketched, a process which has presented reform mainly as a protection from the wrong way, by employing political myths to create tomorrow’s leaders.

Filozofia (według) Gombrowicza

Author(s): Marek Bernacki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 29/2017

The main subject of the article is a discussion of Witold Gombrowicz’s philosophical views, which were presented in the cycle of lectures delivered by him in Vence at the turn of April and May 1969, in the presence of his wife, Rita, and two of his friends: Iza Neyman and Dominic de Roux. In 1971 the lectures, written down by writer’s friends, were published in French as Guide de la philosophie en six heures un quarto (“Philosophy course in six hours and quarter of an hour”). Author of the article shows Gombrowicz’s predilection to existentialism and structuralism– two contemporary doctrines which, in his own opinion, the writer discovered himself as the first in Europe in his debut novel entitled Ferdydurke (1937). Philosophical course presented by Witold Gombrowicz two months before his own death, was compared in the end of the article to the message (main idea) of the late poem by Czeslaw Milosz entitled Vocative, written in the end of the 20th century. In this dramatic text the death was described as destructive, dull and unconscious power. Both, the Gombrowicz’s philosophical course, as well as Milosz’s late poem Vocative – can be interpreted as testimonial of heroic human intellect and soul in their uneven struggle against sickness and death, concluded author.

Wspólnota akademicka. Próba redefinicji

Author(s): Aleksander Kobylarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2018

Artykuł postuluje odbudowę wspólnoty akademickiej w oparciu o jasno określone kryteria oceny pracy naukowej oraz stanowienie relacji na każdym poziomie w oparciu o wzajemny szacunek. Autor koncentruje się na szacunku jako zasadzie naczelnej, przenikającej działalność społeczności uczonych. Przejawiać się on musi przede wszystkim w odpowiednio kształtowanej komunikacji oraz efektywnej współpracy. Szczególna uwaga autora jest skoncentrowana na młodych adeptach nauki, którzy najbardziej doświadczają feudalnych stosunków władzy i przemocy symbolicznej.

Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej "Kryzys wartości?"

Author(s): Leszek Kopciuch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2017

Експроприиране на недоволството: български популизъм, локални интереси и руска пропаганда

Author(s): Milena Iakimova,Dimitar Vatsov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 47/2017

Russian propaganda co-opts western grassroots criticism of liberalism and globalization, recasting both left and right populism in nationalist terms. Vice versa, local actors borrow the Russian propaganda package and use it for their populist purposes. This is the general finding of the analysis of Bulgarian media discourse, 2013-2016, analysis that proceeded in three steps: semantic analysis of the vocabulary of the anti-liberal and anti-democratic propaganda and extractionof specific keywords and catch phrases; frequency analysis of the usesof these words and phrases in 3080 on-line media outlets for four-year period; content-analysis of a sample of 3305 single publications from 8 typologically different media outlets. The analysis identified four simplistic and interrelated anti-liberal and antidemocratic theses:The US and NATO are a global hegemon/puppet-master which is pulling the strings both of Brussels and of national governments; Europe is dying because of its cultural decline (‘liberasty’) under the blows of the migrant invasion unleashed by the US, and because of the lame-duck, puppet European bureaucracy (‘Eurocracy’). In the final analysis, Europe is dying because it is united: the EU is a construction which serves the interests of the US and of global corporations, and it is an enemy of the European peoples; Russia is rising. Although it is a victim of Western aggression, Russia is a guardian of its age-old sovereignty and of traditional values, and it is actually the true saviour of Europe; Bulgaria’s liberal elites are venal: civic movements, human rights organizations, independent media outlets, pro-western politicians and parties are represented as an indistinguishable whole, and all of them are ‘foreignagents’ – puppets of foreign interests.The populist-propaganda discursive front developing in the Bulgarian publicsphere since 2013 is distinctly ‘pro-Russian’, although the data show that it is not always directly inspired by Russia. The content-analysis identified three different rationales of using those clichés.

Празникът като медия

Author(s): Ivaylo Ditchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The text establishes parallels between the cultural pattern of urban festivities and modern media. Based on field work carried out in 2015–2017 in different Bulgarian cities, it tries to systematize the inter-relation between festive events and media –informing, sharing, re-interpreting, appropriating, parodying. The focus is on the way in which festive events are transformed into platforms for disseminating messages of various kinds – political or artistic, community or market oriented. In such a way urban festivities are instrumentalized, becoming a kind of new form of public media.

Editorial

Author(s): Issue editors Critique and Humanism / Language(s): English Issue: 49/2018

(Mis)Understanding Russia’s Two ‘Hybrid Wars’

Author(s): Mark Galeotti / Language(s): English Issue: 49/2018

Formulations such as ‘hybrid war’ that have been used to try and explain Russia’s political campaign against the West have political utility but little scholarly relevance. Apart from the fact that the Russians themselves see gibridnaya voina as a Western approach used against them and their allies, the term also conflates two distinct, even if overlapping Russian concepts. To the military, such non-kinetic means as subversion, hacking, disinformation and sabotage are instruments with which to prepare the battlefield, as in Crimea. However, to the national security establishment, they are an alternative to direct military operations, and it is this kind of ‘political war’ that is being waged on the West. Understanding this distinction is crucial for a proper appreciation of the nature of the challenge and the most effective means with which to resist it.

Ideological Dimensions of Anti-Democratic Propaganda in Bulgarian Media

Author(s): Boyan Znepolski / Language(s): English Issue: 49/2018

This paper aims to study five ideological dimensions of anti-democratic propaganda in Bulgarian media that articulate in a variety of perspectives the same general talking points: ‘The decline of Europe’, ‘The rise of Russia’, ‘Bulgaria’s venal elites’, ‘The US/NATO as global hegemon/puppet-master’. Its task is to check the ‘elasticity’ of Bulgarian anti-democratic propaganda, to see how, and to what extent, the general talking points can be rearranged and extended in different ideological directions so as to encompass different social stereotypes and discontents and package them around three basic oppositions: nationalism versus liberalism, the people versus the elites, Russia versus the West. The paper also attempts to clarify what are the political implications and what is the future of the world that the ideological variations of the main propaganda talking points presuppose and suggest.