Слово о слободи

Author(s): Božidar Grujović / Language(s): Serbian

Процесуално философски приключения на приложната онтология

Author(s): Vesselin Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian

Instead of a short abstract, please refer to the PDF-files of the introduction to the book, its table of content and the sample-PDF. We hope you will get through these files a more comprehensive impression about the book than would be provided by just a few lines of an abstract/summary.

Srpska etnologija i marksizam

Author(s): Gordana Gorunović / Language(s): Serbian

Ogledi iz antropologije i semiotike folklora

Author(s): Dragana Antonijević / Language(s): Serbian

In this book I have sought to examine – from the transdisciplinary perspective characteristic of folkloristics as an eclectic discipline – several methodological proposals which, each in its own way, could have or actually have contributed to the further theoretical and methodological study and interpretation of folklore. These Methodological Essays have been selected according to my personal methodological inclinations, and draw from various disciplines – anthropology and structural anthropology, semiotics, narrative theory and sociology. The common thread of these methodological experiments is the text as the main subject of study (Chapters 2, 3 and 4), or as the end product of complex folklore communication (Chapter 1). Another common thread is their innovativeness as experiments, despite the differences in the time, place and state of the discipline in which they originated and the differences in method and interpretative procedure.

History of Latvian Art Theory

Author(s): Stella Pelše / Language(s): English

This volume is the first in the series of doctoral dissertations initiated by the Institute of Art History of the Latvian Academy of Art and intended to make art-historical research more accessible to a wider public. The book provides an historical survey of ideas in Latvian art theory (1900–1940) so far not examined in detail. General problems regarding visual arts are in focus, particularly definitions of art. Texts under scrutiny have been selected from a wide variety of sources – books, collected articles, magazines, newspapers, unpublished manuscripts, diaries, etc., authored by artists, poets, critics, historians and representatives of other professions. The influx of radical changes in Latvian artistic practice since the late 1980s has also increased the role of theoretical statements, inviting elucidation of historical precedents. Where should one draw the line between acceptable and even necessary “alien” elements and blind submission to foreign avant-garde examples? The conclusion that Latvian culture exists at the cross-roads of the most diverse influences reveals a persistent situation of choice that is not only a matter of the history of art theory but also of theoretical thinking on art in the present.

A nap árnyékában

Author(s): Zádor Tordai / Language(s): Hungarian

After the communist system has collapsed, the socio-political and economical situation has changed in Central and Eastern Europe. In his essays Zádor Tordai is focusing on the analyses of the socio-political results of the system change in Central and Eastern Europe and its interpretation – from the view of a philosopher.

Balkáni történetek

Author(s): Zádor Tordai / Language(s): Hungarian

States do have their own order, as cities have their own order as well. And all of them have backyards. You put everything in the backyard –according to the common sense, untidy and immoral -what does not fit into the general order, and in particular everything that does not want to fit in that order. In Europe, almost all countries have such backyards. It is true, that they are isolated from each other. But Europe as a whole has also its own backyard, which you can put under the category “the Balkans”.

Filozofia techniki w dobie nowych mediów

Author(s): Andrzej Kiepas / Language(s): Polish

The development and growing popularity of the new media on the one hand becomes the source of significant cultural and social change, but on the other hand, it constitutes a challenge for the humanities, including the philosophy of technology. Thus, digitalization leads to universalization, which, in turn, allows for a more varied use of new media, including the results of their popularization. The challenges posed to the philosophy of technology manifest, among other things, in the fact that while the discipline returns to the traditionally debated issues but concretizes them through the prism of the new circumstances arising from the development of new media. One of such issues is the relationship between technology and culture, which, in turn, poses fundamental for the philosophy of technology questions regarding technology and its place in the cultural and social order. In this respect, the monograph refers primarily to the stance of the modern German school of the philosophy of technology and engages in a discussion of the so-called reflective perspective on technology as well as the issues of digital ontology. Other debated issues include the question of the status of virtuality and the functioning of technology in the context of transcultural exchange. Moreover, the monograph touches upon various specific problems concerning the development of technology, including: – the processes of globalization and the idea of sustainable development, in which technology constitutes one of the crucial factors facilitating change;– the processes of the so-called reflective modernization, where technology becomes a factor in various risk situations;– the changes in the relationship between science and technology and their influence on the social sphere—the idea of technoscience as well as RRI (responsible research and innovations);– the perspective of the fourth industrial revolution, the so-called industry 4.0, as well as the questions concerning the liminal character of the development of the contemporary civilization, on the example of bioetics and ecophilosophy;– the necessary changes concerning science education, which should also engage in a discussion concerning STS (science, technology and society).What connects all of the abovementioned issues are the ethical questions with which they engage, in particular, the notion of responsibility, around which the author centers the main argument.Contemporary culture, as a culture of communication, poses an additional challenge to the individual, their subjectivity and identity, as well as their wisdom and rationality. As a result, the questions regarding the human nature become particularly topical alongside the popularization of the ideas of transand posthumanism. This, in turn, constitutes an additional angle for reflection on the nature and development of technology, as well as its ethical challenges, which ultimately focuses on the role of collective responsibility as an importantfactor in regulating the development of the modern civilization.

IBN SINA - ČUVENI IRANSKI FILOZOF I LIJEČNIK

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Much more information is available about Ibn Sina and his life than about any other Muslim philosopher. This is primarily due to the biography written by his loyal disciple Abu ‘Ubayd Jozjani (died 1046), and the first part of which is actually autobiographical, i.e. it was written by Ibn Sina himself. This writing will later be known as "Sargozasht" or "Sira" (both words, the first in Persian, the second in Arabic denoting a biography or biography). The oldest text of this biography available today is the book "Tatimah siwan al hikmah", the book of Zahiruddin Abu Hasan 'Ali ibn Zayd Beyhaki, which includes some recent information about Ibn Sinau. In addition to this, we have two other accounts of Ibn Sina's life, one in the book Uyun al Inba by Abu Usaybi, and the other in Ibn Qafti's history Tarikh al hikmah. However, the data we find in these two sources differ from each other, although both authors refer to Jozgani's tradition. In addition, Ibn Khalqan in his "Wafiyat al Aajan" brings certain information, which he seems to have taken from Beyheki, and which we do not find in Abu Usaybi and Ibn Qafti. Many years ago, Ahmed Fuad Ahvani found a text of Ibn Sina's biography on the margins of a manuscript copy of Shahrazuri's work "Nuzhetu-l-Arvah". According to Ahvani, these margins were written by Ahmed Kashi in 1353. In 1952, on the occasion of the thousandth anniversary of Ibn Sinai's birth in Cairo, Ahvani published a work entitled "Nukatun fi ahvali Sheikh al Reis Ibn Sina" (Sketches from the Life of the Great Teacher Ibn Sinai), as part of the collection "Zikr Ibn Sinaa". William E. Gohlman published a critical edition of this manuscript in 1974, based on several versions of it, with an English translation, entitled »The life of Ibn Sina«.

The Phenomenon of Migration

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The International Conference The Phenomenon of Migration was organized by RAIS, IPSEC, and the Scientific Press on August 2016. The conference proceedings are published with ISBN 978-1-945298-03-5 (e–version); 978-1-945298-04-2 (paperback).

Intre filosofie si medicina. Folclorul medical in viziunea lui Mircea Eliade si Valeriu Bologa.

Author(s): Mihaela Gligor / Language(s): Romanian

Am încercat să surprindem modul în care a evoluat gândirea științifică a lui Mircea Eliade și mai ales cum a fost aceasta influențată de elementele folclorice. Importantă pentru analiza avută în vedere a fost examinarea influenței pe care periplul său indian a avut-o în scrierile ulterioare. Întâlnirea lui Eliade, în India, cu prezența fantastică și fascinanta lume a misterelor, elemente care l-au urmărit o viață întreagă și pe baza cărora și-a construit mare parte din opera savantă, ne-a oferit și punctul de legătură cu domeniul de activitate al profesorului și medicului Valeriu Bologa, cel care a pus bazele școlii clujene de istorie a medicinei.

Filozofia dziejów filozofii. Silne i słabe modele

Author(s): Vladimír Leško / Language(s): Polish

This work has resulted from a long‑term thinking, about the relation betweenthe history of philosophy and its reflection in more or less systematic and asystematic forms of philosophizing within the most significant philosophical doctrines of the 19th and the 20th centuries. It should be noted that the main theoretical (and other) impulses for the examination of the problems in question primarily came from M. Sobotka’s works. His analysis of modern philosophy, the classical German philosophy, and Hegel’s historical‑philosophical concept in particular, has been the theoretical point of departure. In addition, this book presents research results achieved within the projects Philosophy of the History of Philosophy – basic models and results, VEGA, A, 1/4441/97 and Philosophy of the History of Philosophy – weak models, VEGA, A, 1/9238/02. The theoretical efforts of the research team enabled us to arrive at in‑depth and specific understanding of the individual models of the philosophical reception of the history of philosophy. By implication, I wish to appreciate the theoretical contribution of the other members of the research team, notably Ľ. Belás, S. Hubík, O. Sisáková, P. Tholt a M. Ješič. The main goal of this work is to philosophically introduce the most significant historical‑philosophical concepts of the 19th an the 20th centuries that established the necessary conditions for the strong and weak models ofphilosophy of the history of philosophy in the concepts of Hegel, Schelling, Marx, Nietzsche, Husserl, Heidegger, Fink, Patočka and Gadamer. Some achievements of the philosophy of the history of philosophy are presented as metatheoretical motion within the historical‑philosophical thought, the purpose of which is both the empirical description of the historical‑philosophical process and understanding and accounting for it as an integral part of the most significant philosophical problems.I. Strong modelsThe history of philosophy has been an important philosophical issue ever since the origins of the philosophy of the history of philosophy. It was founded by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, a prominent representative of German classical philosophy, in his legendary lectures on the history of philosophy. Hegel’s theoretical model of the relation between the history of philosophy and system‑centered philosophy contains certain characteristic features whichcan be used to identify various models of the philosophy of the history of philosophy. The fundamental distinctive feature for any philosophical conception of the history of philosophy is the principle of the unity of philosophy and the history of philosophy. Hegel emphasizes that the history of philosophy is an indispensable inherent component of any theoretical considerations. This idea has become an indisputable foundation accepted and developed‑critically and with various modifications though – by other great philosophers, including Schelling, Marx, Nietzsche, Husserl, and Heidegger. Hegel’s conception of the history of philosophy as the first strong model of the philosophy of the history of philosophy postulates that it itself is a philosophy; more particularly, that it forms a part of the philosophy of history, whose aim is to demonstrate that reason is also present in the history of philosophy. Therefore, if the history of philosophy is conceived of as the innermost in world history its role in current philosophical activities is crucial. Hegel’s philosophy of the history of philosophy as philosophizing about philosophy became a meta‑theoretical motion within historical‑philosophical thought whose purpose was not to describe the istorical‑philosophical process in an external‑empirical way; rather, it was aimed at comprehending and explaining this process as an integral part of the treatment of the most important philosophical problems. Hegel takes a speculative unity of the abstract and the concrete as his point of departure. Schelling concentrates on the relation between essence and existence. The young Marx focuses his historical‑philosophical effort on the conception of self‑consciousness and freedom. Nietzsche seeks true culture through a Greek cultural phenomenon (tragedy) and stresses that our spiritual traditions – Platonism, metaphysics, morality and Christianity – are the main obstacles to a true understanding of the world and man. For this reason, he prefers the Pre‑Socratic philosophy in which he finds the justification for philosophizing in general. Husserl is attracted by the transcendental impulse in the history of philosophy, and Heidegger critically discusses the Nietzschean motive of re‑consideringthe Pre‑Socratic message in order to radicalize the most complex philosophical question, i.e., what is philosophy (metaphysics)?II. Weak modelsPhilosophical research into strong models of the philosophy of the history of philosophy indicates in a compelling way that both Hegel’s and Heidegger’s models have been the dominant doctrines determining the basic method of establishing a philosophical link to the history of philosophy. In a sense, they represent extreme opposing philosophical approaches to the historical‑philosophical heritage and to the current forms of philosophizing. Hegel’sphilosophical conception of history is built on the principle of development – progress from the ancient times to the present. In general, his philosophy is conceived of as the culmination of the whole historical evolution. Heidegger takes the opposite position. Thought, itself of historical nature and determining world history, does not grow from the present. It is older than what is simply the past. It has been borne towards us in its most ancient ideas, butwe are unable to discover any trace of it because we believe reality to be what mainly pertains to us in our being. Consequently, Heidegger insists on our return to the period of the Pre‑Socratic philosophy of Parmenides and Heraclitus when asking the original philosophical question about being because it was they who preserved the harmony with logos. The subsequent development of the philosophical conception of the history of philosophy is connected with the names of the most significant followers of Husserl’s and Heidegger’s philosophies, including Eugen Fink, Jan Patočka and Hans‑Georg Gadamer. Gadamer put it clearly when he said that Fink, Patočka and he himself all tried to avoid repeating the ideas oftheir teachers. Instead they sought out ways of developing these ideas further.An important point of departure for each of these critical followers of Husserl and Heidegger became the issue of the philosophy of the history of philosophy in the form of weak models. The struggle for a new approach to philosophy was inconceivable without a new original conception of the historical‑philosophical heritage. In addition, it was time to bring to an endthe era of strong models of the philosophy of the history of philosophy, and to start developing weak models. From this point of view, the philosophical message of Fink, Patočka and Gadamer is unique historical‑philosophical material; it is the most valuable of what is offered to us by the philosophical investigation of the second half of the twentieth century.

Pravila i kontekst upotrebe

Author(s): Michal Sládeček / Language(s): Serbian

This book consists of eight chapters, which encompass various themes, such as the nature of philosophical thinking, methodology of social sciences, problems in political philosophy, character of the human nature and rationality, problems of philosophy of mind and question of rule-following in philosophy of language, all conjoined by Wittgenstein’s late philosophy.

Leksykon idei wędrownych na słowiańskich Bałkanach, XVIII-XXI wiek

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

The first volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrarianism , anarchism, evolution, humanism, history, capitalism, clericalization , confessions, conservatism, education, culture, liberalism, nation, modernity, homeland, schooling, enlightenment, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, secularization , socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 1 presents the three ideas - enlightenment, religion and rationalism - that are at the foundations of the European discourses of modernization and anti-modernization. The book contains many synthetically expressed original and source-based insights of the scholars on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.

The origin and transformation of Gender

Author(s): Konstantinos Maritsas / Language(s): English

I started writing this book with only one single purpose – What is the meaning of Gender? On this question are written thousands of books, but till present day there is no conventional answer.Nature has created many ways for reproduction of the species. Some of them have disappeared along with the species, some still exist today. But in practice, species that reproduce bisexually have conquered the planet with man as its chief representative. And not only this. According to Darwin, the existence of the sexes, male and female, is so important that it leads to “sexual selection,” which dominates even over the “natural selection”:

Etika

Author(s): Asim Mujkić,Jasminka Babić-Avdispahić / Language(s): Bosnian

Nakana nam je u Etici na pristupačan način predstaviti probleme i pravce etike, te ukazati na neke aspekte primijenjene etike i bioetike. Nadamo se da će knjiga biti od interesa za širu čitalačku javnost, jer se se tičkim pitanjima susreću svakodnevno svi u svojim privatnim i profesionalnim životima. Pored sfere međuljudskih odnosa između prijatelja, u porodici ili naradnom mjestu, ni sferu političkog ne možemo zamisliti bez sporova koji se vode u moralnim kategorijama. Spor o društvenoj pravdi je moralni spor, a ljudska prava i demokracija imaju i moralnu vrijednost. Moralni sporovi su i pitanja prava manjinskih grupa, zakona o useljavanju i azilu. Moralni sporovi se tiču i našeg odnosa prema životinjama, budućim generacijama i prirodi, a razvoj genskih tehnologija na zaoštren način postavlja etički izazov samorazumijevanju ljudskogroda. I upravo nas je pomisao na širu čitalačku publiku navela da u knjizi posljednji dio svakog poglavlja posvetimo nekim pitanjima primijenjene etike i bioetike. Smatraćemo našim velikim uspjehom ako čitateljki i čitaocu tokom čitanja knjige pomognemo u ekspliciranjui činjenju koherentnijim intuicija koje već imaju.

Leksykon idei wędrownych na słowiańskich Bałkanach, XVIII-XXI wiek

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

The second volume of the extensive monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrarianism , anarchism, evolution, humanism, history, capitalism, clericalization , confessions, conservatism, education, culture, liberalism, nation, modernity, homeland, schooling, enlightenment, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, secularization , socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 2 presents three mutually corresponding ideas - history, evolution and revolution. The book contains many synthetically expressed original and source-based insights of the scholars on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.

The origin and transformation of Violence

Author(s): Konstantinos Maritsas / Language(s): English

In order to define the violence, there was only one way – to trace its creation; to understand how and why the necessity for it arose.At the beginning I was thinking with my brain, the brain of an ordinary Homo sapiens, about what I would do if I was living in the conditions of prehistoric people. And… all this led me to the same dead ends that I was reading about in the books.Then I understood that there was a mistake. I realized that my way of thinking was the wrong way round.None of the primitive people decided to tame animals, because nobody knew what a tame animal was. None of the primitive people decided to talk, because nobody knew what a language was. None of the primitive people decided to cook, to draw, to get dressed, to become religious, because nobody knew what art, clothes or religion were.And then? Then how has man created these civilizational conditions?The answer is very simple: unconsciously! (In the book I mention cases where unconscious creation has been proposed by figures such as Darwin and L. Morgan.) The primitive man firstly created “something” and then a next generation came that would find the ready “something” and would name it. For instance, violence. Man started to use violence. The formation of violence continued through hundreds of generations. In the end, one generation was born with a ready-made violence. This generation named “that thing,” they called it “violence” and started exploring it. They found in the existing-already violence physical, sexual violence, emotional, psychological, spiritual, cultural, verbal abuse, financial abuse, and neglect side. And all this at the end of the violence creation. There was no prehistoric man who decided to create that violence with multitude sides.

Nisu svi (bili) slijepi

Author(s): Tomislav Jakić / Language(s): Croatian

Knjiga kolumni Tomislava Jakića sugerira istinitost činjenice pretočene u naslov: Nisu svi (bili) slijepi. Pred onim što se dešava unaokolo po svijetu i kod kuće. Nisu slijepi ni svi oni kojima se serviraju laži i neistine pored zdravih očiju ni oni koji te laži i neistine šire – novinarski. Mnogi među “kupcima ponuđenih magli” vjerojatno i slute da su istine negdje drugdje, ali teško pronalaze dokaze za ispravnost tih svojih šutljivih slutnji. Podjednako tako nije malo ni novinara koji razumijevaju da su plaćeni da bi širili neistine, ali prodavanje duše nije više ni blizu stvar profesionalne časti kao nekada, već nova realnost u cijelom svijetu. Oni među novinarima koji ne pristaju na tu realnost i znaju što se može znati, to nastoje da artikuliraju na pošten i zanatski jasan način. Takvi, iako su daleko od većine, nisu spremni na prodaju vlastitog ljudskog i profesionalnog digniteta. Oni i dalje više vjeruju vlastitim očima, činjenicama, iskustvu i pameti nego ciljanim nalozima. Nažalost, i u nekada istinski respektabilnim medijima na cijeloj planeti sve ih je manje. Uostalom, izmanipulirane “istine” odavno nisu tek namjenska piljarska laž, već prije cilj novinarstva projektiranog interesa. [...]

Arhipelag suvremene filozofije

Author(s): Tonči Valentić / Language(s): Croatian

The Archipelago of Contemporary Philosophy consists of collected critical reviews and essays on 52 works by Croatian and European authors that have marked past two decades in philosophy. The book accurately and systematically monitors and critically registers the multiplicity and ramifications of various philosophical directions and intentions of the modern humanities. Tonči Valentić is Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Fashion Design, University of Zagreb, where he teaches courses in Media Theory, Sociology of Culture, Semiotics of Fashion, and Cultural Anthropology. He obtained MA degree in philosophy and literature from Faculty of Humanities in Zagreb, MA degree in sociology and anthropology from CEU in Budapest and PhD in sociology from University of Ljubljana. His books include: Multiple Modernities (2006), Camera Absondita: Essays on Ontology of Photography (2013), Archipelago of Contemporary Philosophy (2018) and Media Construction of Balkanism (2021).