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For more than 100 years, the Department of Manuscripts and Documents of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (formerly the Asiatic Museum, the St. Petersburg branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences) has been collecting materials on linguistic monuments of Central Asia and Siberia (mainly Turkic). However, there was no description and cataloguing of these materials. Since January 2010, the author of the present article has carried out an inventory and identification of these materials. As a result of this work, it was found that the collection contains a large number of unique linguistic materials, mainly rubbings of Turkic runic inscriptions, which significantly expand the possibilities of linguistic and historical study of the written heritage of the ancient Turks. The rubbings are copies of texts of both well-known and unknown monuments, as well as inscriptions that were considered lost. In the course of work with the collection, materials stored in the State Hermitage Museum, the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), the Russian Museum of Ethnography, the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Archives of the Orientalists of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the RAS were involved. In parallel, work was carried out on the conservation of storage units. Some materials were included from other collections.
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This paper examines how the new conceptual model Records in Contexts (RiC) by the Expert Group on Archival Description (EGAD) of the International Council on Archives (ICA) could improve access and use of historical or cultural heritage collections through its emphasis on contextualized information. It also shows how contextualized archival descriptions play an important role in virtually or intellectually reuniting physically dispersed but related archival collections, as in the case of the Image Collections and Fieldwork Archives of Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection in Washington, D.C., United States, and the Bibliothèque byzantine of Collège de France in Paris, France. While discoverability of information in archives and research institutions has increased since the emergence of finding aids and online databases, the accessibility and usability of archival information are issues that many archivists are still struggling to improve and perfect. Lingering questions among archival professionals include: how much information should be given to each collection; should archivists provide contextual information for enhanced access and use of collection materials; or are minimal descriptions sufficient? To illustrate the advantages of putting records in context, this paper investigates how the physically separated but associated archives of Thomas Whittemore and the Byzantine Institute came together, although they are preserved and described in two different institutions. Through the efforts of restoring Respect des fonds to its original order, echoing RiC’s stress on the principles of Provenance, the aim was to enhance the discovery of information and to focus on the approachability and usefulness of information for better scholarship of primary or archival sources.
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The conservation and preservation of library collections are conducive to the preservation of world cultural heritage. The goal is to develop a program or project that protects library and archival collections according to their condition, character, and age. It should be noted that the scope of the work will be different for different types of documents, such as books, graphics, archival collections, or manuscript codes with colorful illuminations. Other efforts must be made in cases of urgent intervention for large numbers of sources. Thanks to adequate funding, comprehensive protection and preservation of selected library collections are aspects of the cultural heritage protection program in Poland. Procurement funds will equip conservation workshops with suitable tools, materials, and reagents to carry out conservation work. They will also provide training activities for the personnel who specialize in the day-to-day protection and conservation of collections. There is also the possibility of establishing international cooperation, which will be described further in this text.
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Historical book collections are an important element of the cultural heritage of the former Republic of Poland. Their wide dispersion requires reconstruction works. Possible directions of such activities – historical and bibliological, documentational, and conservational – are presented on the example of the collection of the Baworowscy Library. The necessity of interdisciplinary analyses undertaken by specialised teams running specific research programs is indicated.
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The task of every archive in all countries of the world, without leaving aside our country, is to offer for use archival records that are part of the written cultural heritage. To achieve this, one of the basic tasks of working in archives is to compile information-scientific tools. The compilation of these tools derives from the basic goals and tasks of archives, from the protection of the archival records to their use. Therefore, during the work process in the processing of archival material, it is more than neçessary to compile informative-scientific tools. It should be noted that they are created based on certain principles and criteria, so it should always be borne in mind that they are designed for the purpose of informing the community. Thus, they are part of the archive-community communication. The paper will address some of the informative-scientific tools, as each of them has its own specifics, meaning and role.
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Within the framework of its activities, the State Agency of Kosovo Archives has its own special unit- Photo Archive, which has an important collection of photographs. Though the Photo Archive of Kosovo was, in fact, created as a separate unit relatively late, (in 2000), it still managed to collect and promote a significant collection of photographs, which today exceeds over 1,500 photographs. In this collection of photographs, most of them belong to the period after the Second World War, respectively the second half of the last century, but there are also photographs from previous years. This collection is important and of even greater value, because it contains preserved photographs of various personalities of that time, the main events that marked that era, monuments and objects that begun to be built and those that were, unfortunately, destroyed and we know about them today only through these photographs; preserved photographs of neighborhoods, bazaars, houses and old streets of our cities, especially Pristina, which do not exist today, photographs of craftsmen and artisans who once practiced their activities in our cities, which have already gone down in history and, since they stopped working, we know them precisely only through these photos, etc. Therefore, based on this fact, our paper talks about the values and importance of the Photo Collection preserved in the Kosovo Archives and which especially helps the visual recognition of Kosovo in the second half of the 20th century; it also talks about the content of this collection, its multiple values, but also about how to preserve, arrange, systematize, use and digitize it and make it available to researchers and other interested parties as easily as possible.
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8 nëntor 2021 - U nënshkrua marrëveshja e bashkëpunimit në mes të Drejtorisë së Përgjithshme të Arkivave dhe Shoqatës jofitimprurëse Arkiva Digjitale Elbasan.
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With the introduction of the IFLA Library Reference Model (IFLA LRM), authority control is becoming increasingly important, as authority data will play a key role in the network of linked data. Therefore, the preparation of authority data will help to facilitate the implementation of IFLA LRM and will be useful in the transition to RDA (Resource Description and Access).The paper presents an overview of authority data in the COBISS system, with a focus on the Slovenian COBISS.SI system, and suggests possibilities for the future development of authority records. It presents the status of the authority databases CONOR.SI and SGC, the submission of authority records to the VIAF service, and the acquisition and use of identifiers for personal and corporate body names. It also outlines IZUM’s plans for the transition to a new catalogue that will be in line with the IFLA LRM conceptual model. The basis for the development of the new COBISS catalogue is the selection of as large a set of entities as possible to be realised in authority records and the establishment of relationships between them.
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The purpose of the article is to identify the trends of transformations of traditional library services into modern ones through the prism of library traditions and librarians' skills; compare traditional and modern library services. The research methodology consists of the use of general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, which made it possible to trace the development and transformations of traditional library services into modern ones. Scientific novelty of the work. It was determined that the digital library concept revolutionised the library sector through the use of information and communication technologies. The need for understanding the features of transformational changes of traditional and modern library services in order to improve library services is proved. Conclusions. Transformations of traditional library services into modern ones are shown. Digital libraries use technology and networks to connect people with resources in order to provide universal access to them. When comparing traditional and modern library services, important points were highlighted that are crucial for the creation of a modern library. First, librarians must change to meet today's challenges. The future will require them to re-orient, think creatively, and master new technological skills to create information resources and services. Librarians must be aware of modern trends and adapt to social and technological changes, as they are the only professionals suitable for scholars and citizens to appropriately evaluate online resources and provide accurate information. Second, the improvement of traditional library services is necessary, and the introduction of new methods and equipment becomes vital to bridge the gap between traditional and modern library services through integrated library management software. Information technology is essential for the rapid growth of modern library services, as the Internet and related technologies have opened up an entirely new environment for providing improved information resources and services to users.
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The purpose of the work is to represent the main areas of activity of Podillia public libraries under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The research methodology consists in the use of activity-based, humancentered and socio-communication approaches, which reflect changes in priorities in the functioning of the library and information sphere in the conditions of social threats. Also, general scientific (analysis, descriptive and generalization) and special (library) methods were used, which made it possible to realize the set goal. The scientific novelty of the presented work lies in the expansion of ideas about the role and significance of public libraries in Podillia in the life of communities during the difficult time of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The peculiarities of the main areas of activity of Podillia public libraries in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine are revealed. The relevance of the proposed topic is that work during the period of martial law in Ukraine shifted the emphasis on the priority of the basic functions of libraries, because they quite naturally, as socially oriented institutions, focused on the consolidation of the Ukrainian people on the way to Victory over the treacherous invader, which significantly increased their social role and positively affected their responsibility to society in general. Conclusions. It is proved that today the public libraries of Podillia are free public cultural and educational institutions that quickly provide open access to their own funds, information and knowledge for community residents (from preschoolers to the elderly, people with special needs) and all categories of remote users. successfully satisfy educational, leisure, spiritual, informational, educational, socialization and other needs of readers, try to "be everything to everyone". The priority of universal values in the activity of public libraries of Podillia, which in the conditions of martial law function in line with all-Ukrainian trends, put new tasks on the agenda, which are implemented through the active introduction of innovative forms, especially in the multimedia environment.
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The purpose of the article is research and analysis of the effectiveness of interaction with library and archival funds in the context of modern information and communication technologies. Not only the general aspects of using library resources, but also the methods of searching for scientific information are analysed. It is also expected to provide specific and detailed recommendations aimed at improving the quality and efficiency of interactions with scientific foundations. Current opportunities for using library resources are considered, considering modern requirements for information technologies and communication standards. The article sets itself the task of revealing not only general principles but also important details of working with these funds, in particular emphasising optimal strategies for searching for scientific information. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the spectrum of scientific literature, covering theoretical and practical foundations in the field of using library and archival resources. The methods used for finding scientific information are not limited to traditional sources, including various databases and catalogues, as well as innovative information and communication technologies. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the improvement of strategies and approaches to the use of library and archival funds, where the main emphasis is placed on the use of advanced information and communication technologies. The article reveals the potential of these technologies for effective search and use of scientific information, emphasising the importance of introducing innovations into the field of research. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the need for constant adaptation of methods of working with library and archival funds to the requirements and capabilities of information technologies. The use of various databases and other information resources is key to improving the availability of scientific information and ensuring the efficient work of researchers and students. This approach contributes to the development of the scientific community, and its implementation helps to highlight the importance of innovation in ensuring successful work in the fields of scientific research and higher education.
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In this paper we are dealing with a specific approach to academic book study. We discuss the academic disciplines that deal with it (bibliology, bibliography and librarianship) pointing at the same time to the necessity of an introduction of the paradigm of the polymorphous book science, given that the aforementioned disciplines are not only intertwined but fully integrated and that a single perspective in the study of books is inadequate. Providing bibliographic and catalogue descriptions, managing holdings (especially those containing old and rare books), procuring copies and determining how rare a book is, establishing its exact edition and describing it properly – all this is impossible if one assumes a position within one field only. We point out that the academic and professional approach to book research in our region is reduced to cultural history or the ISBD standard, and in reponse to the question “what should we learn about working with books?,” we propose changing the curricula and programs of both academic and professional exams. It is necessary to introduce a new paradigm that can answer “what is activity” and “what is science”, “where is the science in librarianship” and “where is librarianship in science”, “which academic spheres (should) have a library” and “which book as its subject of study”, and finally, “what is a book?” The science of the 21st century has found answers to these questions in the concept of multidisciplinary book academia, which has the book as a medium as its subject of study. Therefore we believe that the introduction of such a concept would be a responsible move for our academic community – both towards the heritage that should be preserved and described, and towards students who need to be given the knowlegde they need for that result. It is up to us, that we – recognizing the complex nature and universality of the subject “book” and following modern science that has already placed academic book research in the intersection between bibliology and mediology – move from narrowly specialized, differentiated approaches of the subject to integrating our knowledge about it. We also believe that this must be done within the framework of a science that will deal with books, both their etymology, genealogy, evolution and archeology as well as their function in society and human life. And from whose name, according to the title of this paper, will be clear what this science is about.
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In this paper we will describe one of the most ambitious projects of the General Directorate of the Archives in the last years. After the successful accomplishment of the process of digitalization and on-line service, the coming project is the construction of the archival museum, a specific museum typology that aims to inform the vast public about the archival treasures.
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In the age of globalization and information technology, archives and archival cultural heritage are essential for understanding and studying the history and culture of a region. Regional cooperation can help in collecting important documentation, preserving and restoring archival materials, and promoting cultural heritage, thus contributing to the consolidation of the cultural identity of a region. Another advantage of regional cooperation is that it can help in exchanging information and expertise. This exchange can improve archival practices and enhance access to archival materials. Such cooperation can also help in improving the capacity of small archives and raising public awareness of the importance of archives and cultural heritage. To achieve these goals, it is important for regions to have a common strategy for archives and archival cultural heritage. This plan should include several key points, including improving archival infrastructure, improving access to archival materials, increasing cooperation between archival institutions in the region, and raising professional human capacity. In conclusion, this cooperation can help in collecting, preserving, and promoting archival materials and cultural heritage, to improve the internal systems of archives.
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This article attempts to answer the question whether the websites of large Polish libraries apply principles of SEO (Search Engine Optimization). The study was conducted in four areas, including as follows: 1. study of key words (key word research, key word usage & key word density); 2. analysis of the on-page factors (content & technology); 3. analysis of off-page factors (backlinks & social media); 4. analysis of metrics reputation (brand & confidence metrics). The first area of research is based on the data generated from Google Adwords for the year 2014 (7.411.387 queries, 801 phrases); for subsequent areas material was provided by technical analysis of 13 most visited websites of libraries located in four major academic cities (Warsaw, Krakow, Poznan, Wroclaw). In the article the author examined in detail key words/ phrases, by which users search for local academic libraries, and also examined how the selected libraries’ websites implement SEO guidelines. The point of reference in the diagnosis of current factors were correlation reports of companies: Searchmetrics (SEO Ranking Factors and Rank Correlations 2014, 2015) and MOZ (Search Engine Ranking Factor 2015). Empirical research was based on data as of February 2015.
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The last decade has shown a rapid development of interdisciplinary research on visualization of information (Infovis). In bibliology, the first person to become interested in these methods was a pioneer of science-metrics, E. Garfield, who introduced the term “science-grams”. In creation of “science-grams”, or maps of science, are involved IT specialists and bibliologists, computer specialists and science specialists, as well as specialists on presentation of information and graphic designers. This article aims at presenting the possibilities of using Infovis as a new field of research in information sciences through a series of examples of visualization for the collection of metadata, that come with bibliographic descriptions of documents available in Polish digital libraries. The results of the analyzes of metadata the authors presented in graphical form, choosing the technique of visualization according to the data type (number, text, date) and according to context analysis. The targets of data visualization: detection of quantitative changes on a graph, showing the geographical spread of the data, the disclosure of intellectual and social relationships, and effective communication of the idea of the experiment, are described in detail and illustrated.
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Evaluation, which is an important part of the design process of a digital library, is essential in the process of improving the functionality of the library and recognition of users needs. The article presents an analysis of Polish and foreign literature, published mainly between 2000 and 2012, on evaluation of digital libraries, including the concepts of selections of digital library’s elements for evaluation, and also on criteria and methods of evaluation. The user- and system-centered approach to digital library evaluation were described. Among the presented evaluation methods, the user interface usability evaluation was highlighted as a popular and frequently used method, especially in researches conducted abroad. Additionally, user interface usability evaluation methods and holistic model of digital library evaluation were presented. The literature analysis includes researches conducted by Saracevic, Blandford, Borgman, Buchanan and Salako, Chowdhury and Chowdhury, Fuhr, Hang, Jeng, Kelly, Kochang, Janiak and Krakowska, Xie, Tsakonas, Kapidakis and Papatheodorou.
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Like other institutions of this type in the old Polish period, the City Council of Lviv, the primary authority in the city, gathered its own book collection. It consisted of books as well as other bibliological documents, initially handwritten, then copied by using the typographic technique. Acquisition of essential books stemmed from the practical needs of the office as they served as reference collection. It included primarily legal books but also historical, astronomical, scientific and others. Apart from purchasing on the book market, books were rewritten on demand of the councilors. The collection also included books that were donated or dedicated to the city. The Council, which fulfilled the legislative, administrative and to some extent also the judiciary function, was also one of the few cultural centers in the city and a cultural patron. It can be assumed that at the end of the 17th century, apart from handwritten archival manuscripts, the library possessed over 100 books. It is hard to estimate the overall number of prints and other bibliological documents that passed through the Council over the time.
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