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This paper aims to reveal people’s attitudes and expectations toward family policy, in particular family benefits as instruments for policy implementation during the period of significant social changes over the last 20 years. We keep in mind that the subjective ingredient of policy analysis, i.e. people’s evaluation depends on socio-political and economic context that defines the frames for social policy functioning. The authors’ analysis is based on (has ) two tasks: 1) to outline some main findings from recent national and international surveys focused on the topic of people’s evaluation of social policy measures; 2) to present online forums analysis using media data collected during the period 2011-2013. Through analysis of internet forums and thematic analysis the main topics, principles and differences in people’s attitudes toward parental leave have been demonstrated in forums discussions. The mixed picture of opinions is in line with the contradictory (changes initiated in the social policy after 1990) acts social policy has initiated after 1990. The analysis indicates that people’s discourses on social and family policy are very important in a process of construction of evidence-based policy and its efficacy.
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Ageing is taken up as a process concerning the change of the entire demographic and economic reproduction. Its specific particularities in Bulgaria are defined taking into consideration the intensity of the age-specific restructuring of population (1990: 20,4% aged 60 and more, 2010: 25,1%, 2030: 26,6%) under transition-specific unfavourable living conditions typical of that centralised-to-market-economy transition period, a sharp birth rate decline and rising death rate. Taking as a basis the EU-launched concept of Active and Healthy Ageing and the statements published by a number of European researchers, the author defends their position on the usefulness of the elderly population under good social and State organisation. Moreover, the author assumes that this is the only alternative solution given the remarkably worsening indices of development in Bulgaria, i.e. low productivity rates, young workforce shortages, low pension and benefit levels and low employment levels among retired people at younger age having conserved their work capacity and professional skills. The author considers lengthening of hu¬man life in good health, unachieved in Bulgaria, as a future solution of an important workforce source and a good driver for the economic growth rates, and, alongside with this, of improvement of living standards of all generations and improvement of population sustainability.
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The focus of this article is a topic that is insufficiently studied in Bulgaria: divorces among the Christians in the 19th century. Information on it is available in the Codes of the Tarnovo and Plovdiv Metropolia and the Protocol Book of the Haskovo Bulgarian Church Community. The canonical rules of the Orthodox Church concerning marriage and its dissolution are presented, as well as the prescriptions of the common law and their registering in the sources. The focus of interest for the researcher is the dynamics of divorces in Tarnovo Metropolis in the period 1847-1878 and the clarification of the reasons thereto is subject to more in-depth studies.
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This article studies the problems related to the policy of the Ottoman authority concerning the immigration in the Bulgarian lands in the 18th–19th century (until 1878) of non-Muslims (Christians and Jews) from the Habsburg (Austrian) Empire, the Russian Empire, the Danubian principalities of Walachia and Moldavia (Romania) and other European countries. The objectives pursued by the Sublime Porte with the reception and accommodation in the Bulgarian lands of European immigrants that are non-Muslims, the devices used by the Ottoman authority for implementing this policy and the achieved results are established.
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