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The article presents the results of a research conducted among 12 deaf people and 11 Polish sign language interpreters, aimed at depicting the state-of-the-art situation of sign language interpreting in Poland while it simultaneously reflects upon the past as well. The interviewees reported on the changes in this area over the last twenty-five years. According to them, situation in Poland has improved significantly with regard to language, interpreting as such, legal-administrative and social issues. Still, in many respects sign language interpreting needs further improvement in order to attain full accessibility for deaf persons as well as full professionalisation for sign language interpreters
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This article discusses the results of a survey carried out among 132 simultaneous interpreters with Polish as their working language, summarising their professional experience during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the context of the forced transition to the remote mode of simultaneous interpreting and the related technical and organisational challenges, this survey captured the early experience of working remotely (mostly from home), as well as the adaptations necessitated by the new situation in terms of changes in working modalities and tools, particularly in the home environment. The article also presents the surveyed interpreters’ expectations regarding the role and place of remote simultaneous interpreting in their future professional practices.
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The present study aims to review the periodicals created by the students of the American University in Bulgaria during 1993–2020 and kept in the Panitza Library’s institutional archives. The considered editions are currently continuing newspapers and magazines, initiated and fully completed projects by the students themselves. The publications are the first attempts of the young university community to present events of great significance, to demonstrate political activity and commitment to social problems occurring not only within the community, but also on a national and international level. Throughout the years, they have become an integral part of the institutional history, as well as a basis for the professional growth of many young people.
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The article is an attempt to identify the nationalities of authors of detective stories published in Bulgaria during the first half of the 20th century. The protagonists of the novels were established as a trade mark in Bulgarian private book publishing while even the names of their authors remain in the background. Due to this reason nowadays they have not been studied thoroughly by the Bulgarian retrospective bibliography. The lack of relevant information about the protagonists and the establishment of the culture of English-speaking countries in Bulgarian publishing has resulted in categorizing these novels mainly as ones written by American authors.
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The May 19 coup caused a number of changes in the management of Bulgaria. Until the third decade of the twentieth century, numerous propaganda campaigns were conducted to gain public trust, but the events of May 19, necessitated the establishment of the first centralized Bulgarian propaganda institution – the Directorate for Public Renewal. Among the main tools for legitimizing the new institution is the newspaper “New Days. Morning daily”. Based on a comprehensive overview of the daily, in this article, conclusions are presented about its impact on the readership and the building of a positive image of the Directorate for Public Renewal.
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Medina Publishing is one of the oldest and largest Islamic publishers in Russia in termsof volume. This article examines its evolution from a project publishing work on localhistory and the Nizhny Novgorod Tatars to a publisher of modern theological literaturewritten by representatives of the Renovationist movement. Medina characteristically distributes most of its books, newspapers, and magazines free. Its core aims areeducational, image-building, and ideological in nature. This article looks at Medina’srole as a tool for the formation and accumulation of symbolic capital by one of Russia’sIslamic religious organisations (muftiates), the Spiritual Administration of Muslims ofthe Russian Federation (DUM RF). The author notes Medina’s unique position in the Russian publishing market as a publisher focused on literature for the educated readerwith special knowledge in the fields of religious studies, philology, etc. Medina’s publications encourage readers to believe that the centre of Islamic theological thought inRussia is at DUM RF, legitimating the claims of the muftiate and its leader to spiritual leadership of the Russian ummah. Both DUM RF and Medina focus their effortson building the profile of intellectuals as people government officials, as those whosedecisions govern the fate of religious associations in Russia, can work with rather thanas representatives of an alien, incomprehensible, and hostile force (which is how bureaucratsin Russia have viewed Islam for centuries).
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Review of: Ann El-Moslimany, Teaching Children: A Moral, Spiritual and Holistic Approach to Educational Development, London & Washington: IIIT, 2018. pp. ix+124. ISBN 978-1-56564-989-7.
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This paper aims to show how the consumers shape their identities via advertising rhetoric. The contemporary advertising industry is defining and cultivating customers identity, using tactics such as mental simulation and narrative transportation, based on data-driven social profiling. The consumers are lured in constructing the types of persona which marketers strive to establish, engaging in what I call digital bovarism: an idealized, glamorized and, ultimately, fictional representation of themselves, developed through alienating rhetorical visions. This rhetorical process can be understood using symbolic convergence theory and fantasy-theme analysis, as the individual’s efforts to be unique result in more similarity via mimetic practices of consumption.
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If regarding discursive creations we have codes, academic norms and ethical regulations that govern the author's activity, the world of images seems to be less ethically regulated and, with a few exceptions consisting of very general principles, seems to be an area without constraints. My article aims to emphasize the variety of problematic situations a photographer encounters and to provide some ethical guidelines.
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The paper focuses on the issue of digital culture. Digital culture has been defined as the right culture for the Internet age and this definition refers to the many and varied information available on the Internet that users have access to. The creation of digital content has become a necessity in the information society. The second part of the paper refers to virtual communities. Virtual communities are as real as possible and illustrate a particular culture, a culture that involves the valorisation of freedom. The next part of the paper deals with the idea of digital natives, digital literacies and digital abilities that children need to learn. A widespread idea in society is the existence of an inter-generations digital divide that makes young people born in the internet era to be digital natives, translated into a spontaneous knowledge of the use of digital technology. Digital literacy refers to the understanding and interpretation of all texts, images and video materials, whatever their level of complexity and whatever channel they are broadcast. The last part of the paper focuses on the benefits of technology use in English for Specific Purposes. Technology allows ESP learners to collaborate and engage in authentic communication in their professional discourse community, to access up-to-date information relevant to their profession, and to publish their ideas. The conclusion is that the ability to communicate unrestrictedly, to inform and express their opinions, gives citizens a good means of participating in the public debate, becoming active members of the community.
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The article reveals the role of achievement motivation in the context of updating the content of primary education. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the relevance of the research topic is substantiated, the main conceptual provisions for the study of the psychological characteristics of achievement motivation of primary schoolchildren are formed. The aim is to identify individual differences in the strength of achievement motivation for younger students. In particular, we study the features of the manifestation of motivation for the achievement of junior schoolchildren in educational activities. The article presents the results of an experimental study of the psychological characteristics of the achievement motivation of primary school students. The methodological apparatus for studying the achievement motivation of junior schoolchildren included the most effective research methods of psychology, which were aimed at identifying individual differences in the strength of the achievement motivation of younger schoolchildren. A thematic apperception test, a method of collision of motives, observation of students, conversations with younger students and teachers, analysis of home and control assignments in order to identify how achievement motivation manifests itself in educational activities were used. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of the ascertaining experiment revealed the predominance of middle and low levels of achievement motivation among junior schoolchildren. The results obtained underline the need for further research on the mechanisms of development of achievement motivation in junior schoolchildren.
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Exploring students' perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of mobile technologies (MT) is necessary in the dynamic context of their increasing use in learning. The data obtained from 532 students from a state university were analyzed. The students mentioned three advantages and three disadvantages of using mobile technology in the learning activity. Based on the content analysis, the main categories referring to the benefits and difficulties of using MT were identified. The main categories in terms of benefits are: technological advantages, information using mobile technologies, efficient communication, opportunities for educational process, personal development, facilities at the economic and environmental level. Referring to the difficulties of MT, there was identified: negative influence on personal development, technological difficulties, damaged information, diminishing communication and socialization abilities, the negative effects on the educational process, economic, ecological and ethical disadvantages. The novelty of the study consists in highlighting the importance of MT integration in achieving academic learning activity.
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Under analysis in the following article there is the postmodern conception of primary education development in the New Ukrainian School given the relevant pedagogical principles of child-centrism, given the age and individual mental peculiarities of the pupil's personality, child's creative subjectivity actualization, social partnership in the inclusive environment and competence-oriented education. The postmodern orientation of the primary education rebuilding as a start for the New Ukrainian School innovative development has been enlightened. The competence approach to the vocational pedagogical activity in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School and the perspectives of the primary education development in Ukraine according to the state quality assessment standards have been taken into account. The teaching techniques and priorities in young pupils' education in the New Ukrainian School and elementary school in the European Union states have been studied. There has been observed a significant advantage of the new postmodern reality model, being formed on the ground of childcentrism (interest to the child's unique inner world rather than to the degree of his/her knowledge), techniques of «non-linear», critical, flexible and creative thinking of the partners in the inclusive educational process, vocational thinking, summarizing pedagogical knowledge as subjective fundamental construction – unique response to the postmodern education variability. There has been outlined that the elementary school system rebuilding and modernization in Ukraine is based upon the experience of the primary education in the European Union states.
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Education of initiative and desire for self-realization, in our opinion, is possible only if the emergence and constant reinforcement of interest. We offer when choosing tasks and games to focus on compliance with the following requirements: interesting topics for the child; bright props; compliance with the topic being studied; focus on the child's practical experience; emotional significance. In addition, the features of the mental and behavioral sphere of children with autistic disorders must be taken into account : lack of mental activity; unevenness, the partiality of intellectual development; violation of the interaction of mental functions; lack of lively curiosity, interest in the new; difficulties of voluntary learning, purposeful solution of really arising problems; violation of purposefulness, difficulty concentrating; quick exhaustion and oversaturation with any purposeful activity; negative reaction or no reaction at all when trying to draw attention to the objects of the surrounding reality; difficulties at understanding time, duration, determining the sequence of events, causes and consequences; difficulties in symbolization, transfer of skills from one situation to another, etc. Corrective work on the development of speech activity and communicative behavior is carried out in everyday life, during live communication with the child about his domestic, playful and cognitive interests, in the process of role-playing or theatrical games (if available), in drawing, modeling classes, design, manual labor, speech development, during the formation of elementary mathematical concepts, physical and musical education, during individual correctional work, etc.
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The article outlines some drawbacks of research training for social workers in Ukraine. To improve it, one should consider the main characteristics of such training in West European countries, given that they are exemplary in terms of social security. With the help of differential and comparative-typological analysis, the article singles out methodical aspects which social work training in Ukraine lacks and, therefore, suggests relevant recommendations for enhancing research activities of future social workers. Besides, it proves that the reforming of research training implies diversifying forms of research activities, as well as bringing them together with industrial placements and educational autonomy of students. At the same time, research activities should be a cross-cutting component in the context of applying interactive, information and project-based methods of teaching and learning. The international relevance of the article lies in identifying areas of research and related activities in the leading European countries. This can be a starting point for improving education systems in the post-Soviet countries in which there is a pronounced divergence between instructional, theoretical and research activities within social work training.
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The article discusses the opposite views of the role of the teacher in the management of the play activity of primary schoolchildren in the Ukrainian context. A review of modern international educational trends for the development of a framework model of play and musical and play training of schoolchildren is carried out, taking into account modern educational and social conditions, destructive and accumulated relevant views of domestic methodologists are highlighted. It has been proven that the modern style of group management is characterized not so much by the leader's leadership and team qualities as by his involvement in the general dynamics of the group. In the case of managing the musical and play activities of lower schools, this requires a fundamental reorientation of the teacher. Moreover, separate management will not be effective within the classroom, including if it falls out of the general weigh with the pupil outside of school. We recognize that within the framework of the theoretical model for the effectiveness of the management of musical and play activities, the future teacher must adhere to the appropriate stages, develop an organizational and methodological matrix of the game, take into account the pedagogical conditions for the use of musical games in educational work with younger students. The international significance of the article lies in the possibility of using international experience, which is adapted to the changing conditions of post-totalitarian countries, which requires testing authoritarian approaches to the management of education in primary schools.
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In the article, the authors analyze the historical and recent trends in the use of the decorative and applied artifacts as didactic tools in the development of fine arts teachers and education in general and summarize the data received for reforming the musical and pedagogical education in Ukraine. The general purpose of the study is to generalize historical, multiregional, typological approaches to the role of the decorative and applied heritage in the contemporary pedagogical education, to define its constructive and conservative role. All results were formulated in the form of brief conclusion abstracts, which are called the frame public and educational regularities related to the subject being studied. As a result of the study of the methodological literature, the educational policy documents and the fine arts teacher training traditions allowed us to outline two substantial lines for the use of tradition of the applied folk art in the development of the fine arts teachers. The first one is to form values: the awareness of the spiritual, aesthetic, accumulating, nation-building, identification, culture-preservation role of the applied folk art. The second one is to acquire practical competencies of fabrication of artifacts with one’s own hands following the traditional artistic models, or fabrication of elements of such artifacts, variations thereof, etc. The international importance of the article is determined by numerous regions, traditions, approaches and contradictions analyzed within the subject of research. This can be of interest for educational typologists, methodologists who develop new methods of interdisciplinary, cultural and artistic aspects of the future teacher development.
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The article aims to study and summarize the historical experience of training adult education specialists in Ukraine and compare it with the politically unbiased experience of Western Europe. It analyzes the origins of adult education didactic and justifies the evolution of scientific-theoretical approaches to building the content, organizational forms and methods of adult learning. Besides, the article traces the stages and reasons behind socio-political and sociocultural changes in the content of education. It describes a stable development of organizational forms and methods of adult learning which adhere to the specifics of adult learners and boost their activity. The article proves that Soviet Ukrainian andragogy depended on state planning, ideology and favoured the public good over the personal good. Furthermore, the article substantiates evolutionary processes in the development of the professional training system for adults in Ukraine and Western Europe and identifies the coverage of the issue in question in the scientific literature. The findings of the comparative study suggest ways to improve the current system of adult education in Ukraine and develop andragogy as its scientific-theoretical and methodological basis.
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