Актуалност на проблема за прилагане на театралнопедагогическо взаимодействие в подготовката на бъдещи учители (Резултати от измерителна процедура)

Author(s): Rositsa Penkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

The article analyzes the results of a survey with students from the pedagogical specialties of the Pedagogical College - Pleven at the University of Veliko Turnovo „St.St. Cyril and Methodius". The measurement procedure reflects the students' opinion about the application of pedagogical animation in teaching, which is based on the theatrical pedagogical interaction. The survey was conducted in order to determine the degree of recognition of the nature of pedagogical animation, the degree of readiness to apply innovative forms and methods of pedagogical animation and the degree of satisfaction of students in their basic preparation.

За татарите от Североизточна България и техните забравени гласове

Author(s): Veneta Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This article aims to provide unknown information about the traditional culture of the Tatars from Northeastern Bulgaria. This ethnic community today is experiencing a process of active linguistic and cultural assimilation. The text analyses the two main cases. The first illustrates the role of the science and the work of researchers as an important tool against forgetting. The second provides the so-called аutosanction. In this example it means suppression and destruction of relics, which are valuable ethno-cultural characteristics of the community. The observations are the result of the analysis of publications in Hungarian ethnographic editions, of fieldwork in the region of Dobrich (Dobrich, Onogur, Yovkovo) and of archival work.

Iconography of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877 – 1878 on Postcards of the Early 20th Century

Author(s): Sergiy Kopylov,Iryna Paur / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2020

The article analyzes the illustrated postcards of the early twentieth century as a source of the iconography of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877 – 1878 and the objectives of the worldview of Bulgarian and Russian societies in the early 20th century. It is emphasized that during 1902 – 1912 the postal cards, dedicated to the events and participants of this military conflict, were repeatedly published in Russia and Bulgaria. It was found that the most popular were postcards with views of battle paintings by V. Vereshchagin, M. Dmitriev-Orenburg, O. Popov and others. It is determined that the theme of this war was relevant until 1912.

Колко е важно да бъдеш честен. Към историята на българската икономическа култура 1879 – 1944 г.

Author(s): Pencho D. Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

The article presents an analysis of honesty as an important aspect of the Bulgarian economic culture. The focus is on the transition from the Bulgarian Revival to the nation state and the subsequent period 1879 – 1944. The main conclusions are synthesized in two hypotheses. The first is that the transition from Ottoman rule to an independent nation-state is associated with a decline of honesty and integrity in economic life. The second hypothesis points to the low level of honesty and mutual trust in relations between economic agents on the one hand and between economic agents and the state on the other as one of the important reasons for the lack of visible and long-lasting economic success in Bulgaria during the period 1879 – 1944.

Испанският кралски устав (1834 – 1836)

Author(s): Iva Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

El Estatuto Real is a piece of legislation passed in the Spanish monarchy in 1834, representing a “donated” charter, which does not derive from the principle of national sovereignty, but on the contrary – represents the benevolence of the monarch to his subordinates. Although the text of the decree lacks a description of the rights of the population, does not contain a clear and comprehensive definition of the prerogatives of the various authorities, it should be noted that it puts an end to the theoretical principles and ideological statements of the Ancient Régime. Thе article analyzes this document, which presents the moderate liberal views, and in our opinion is an elegant attempt to strike a balance between the traditional principles, institutions and attitudes of the Catholic monarchy, while presenting Spanish society the opportunity to begin building a limited monarchy where the principles of liberalism are largely imposed.

Od redakcji

Author(s): Weronika Kostecka,Maciej Skowera / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

Historical Development of Teacher Training in Turkey

Author(s): Şükrü Ada / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2020

Education is the system that allows countries to look forward to the future in a strong, confident, and hopeful way. Teachers are the practitioners of education and teaching is a skill, a competence, moreover, it is a kind of art. Giving good education at schools, the success of the society in a country can be promoted with qualified teachers. Teacher training institutions play an important role in the education of well-equipped teachers. For this reason, by 2000s, many countries have focused on educational research, and the key of this research has become “more qualified teachers for better education”. Teaching requires great dedication, skill, patience and love. Teaching has their own rules, methods and practices. The most important source by 2000s is human resources. It is human intelligence that allows unlimited as it is processed. Teachers are the pioneers of education implementations. This study will focus on the historical development of teacher training in Turkey since the foundation of the Republic of Turkey. Economic losses in the following years in particular, led to a decline in the teaching profession and social status within society. Raising this declining prestige of the teaching profession is absolutely necessary for training good teachers and for recover its economic and social status first. The paper examines some of the inadequacies in education at the beginning of 2000s in Republic of Turkey, such as having less qualified educational operations except specific cities and schools; preventing the development of critical approach abilities because of the memorizing based education system; paying less sufficient attention in student abilities in the arranged education and training programs; training consumer people instead of productive people that is needed by society in the educational institutions; professional improvement problem because of education management. However, it can be said that many of these deficiencies are resolved today.

Историческите митове за Русия и българо-руските отношения в съвременното българско общество – обобщение на анкета

Author(s): Iskra Baeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article presents the results of an inquiry conducted among historians and non-historians in the framework of an international research project. The purpose of the survey is to examine the attitude of modern Bulgarian society to Russia/Soviet Union/Russian Federation and its role in Bulgarian history. Respondents answered questions related to the more general problem of the role of myths in history in general and those related to Russia in particular; how myths are born; which factors contribute to their public dissemination; which moments in history are most distorted or falsified in textbooks and in the media; who is interested in this; Is it possible to demythologize the Bulgarian-Russian relations. The inquiry showed the deep differences in Bulgarian society towards Russia. The majority of Bulgarians have a strong emotional attitude towards it, regardless of whether they express negative or positive feelings. And this division is manifested in all professions, ages, social groups. The survey gives grounds to conclude that despite the profound changes from the years of transition and the reorientation of Bulgaria to Western institutions, Bulgarian-Russian relations continue to be important for the Bulgarian society.

THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION: THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND TRANSNATIONAL LAW

Author(s): Carla Piffer,Paulo Márcio Cruz / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl./2020

The reflections made in this writing, bring to discussion the importance of transnational law, in the face of the occurrence of the current pandemic. From this, considerations are made about the transnational law produced by the WHO against Covid-19. Also, an analysis is made of the central categories and their relationship with the prefix ‘trans-’ and transnational law. Subsequently, the WHO is discussed, its emergence and performance in the elaboration of a transnational legal framework to be considered when internalizing its guidelines by each Member State. In the context of final considerations, it is emphasized, in addition to the importance that should be attributed to transnational law that the work of the WHO, as a transnational actor, practices materialized acts such as transnational law, both in terms of guidance and in connection with public health matters. The methodology used was based on the inductive method, using the bibliographic research.

Комшулукът (културно-историческото наследство на толерантността и съжителството)

Author(s): Veselin Tepavicharov,Nadezhda Zhechkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

This article focuses on the daily experience of tolerance between different ethnic and religious communities in Bulgaria. The modern political uses of ethno-religious differences, in our opinion, do not lead to the need to discover new mechanisms of coexistence, but require the study of already acquired historical experience and the interweaving of these methods in new realities.

Nationalization of the Russian Army on the Romanian Front in 1917 – 1918

Author(s): Artem Papakin / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

At the end of 1917 and the beginning of 1918, the process of the nationalization of army units took place on the Romanian Front of the Russian army. In conditions of army disintegration, in order to keep the front fighting against the Central Powers, the Russian Command planned to create two Ukrainian, two Polish, one Muslim corps, as well as Belarusian, Lithuanian, Moldovan, and Siberian military units. During the nationalization of troops on the Romanian Front, the entire corps and divisions, as well as smaller military units were given over to Ukrainization, Polonization, Muslimization, etc. Based on archival documents, the article identifies the numbers of major military units, smaller units and subdivisions intended for nationalization, and traces the course of nationalization. The causes of failures of the nationalization process were determined, and the fates of the nationalized formations of the Romanian Front were traced.

Задграничното строителство на „Техноекспортстрой“ през 60-те – 80-те години на ХХ в.

Author(s): Irina Grigorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

Technoexportstroy has long been publicly considered as an extraordinary successful company, with a high contribution to the social and economic progress of the developing countries recently liberated from their colonial or mandate status, as well as a provider of generous foreign currency incomes to the state treasury. This romantic image has been sustained by Todor Zhivkov public statements, too. This paper aims to explore the scale and profitability of the company’s performance, the opportunities it had and whether the latter led to breakthroughs or losses, the extent to which the reported results were due to an independent initiative and activity. In order to achieve these goals, a critical analysis has been performed, comparing the data in the preserved archival documents of the organization with those of the BCP leadership, the Ministry of Foreign Trade, as well as with the information in some foreign specialized sources, which, also based on their economic interest in the developing countries, had been publishing up-to date information about the contracts signed for the construction of industrial sites.

Синурнамето на Кричим от средата на XV в.

Author(s): Damian Borisov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The text aims to present a translation of a document from September 1451, defining the boundaries of the land of Krichim as mulk of the Grand Vizier Chanderli Khalil Pasha, contextualizing the information in it with the published and commented so far about the region as the economic base of the mulk. Waqf, as well as a horizontal structure in which interactions between the settlement and the network of religious infrastructure are visible.

Диалогични фрагменти върху темата за жертвоприношението

Author(s): Nina Ivanova Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The proposed text deals with some aspects of the topic of sacrifice – a topic in the field of philosophy and sociology of religion, cultural and philosophical anthropology. The Old Testament and New Testament understandings on the issue are compared, emphasizing the importance of the principle of personality as the main dividing line. Kierkegaard's famous position (and that of Lev Shestov who followed him in this respect) on the biblical story with Abraham and Isaac is commented on. The views of the religious philosopher (and concentration camp inmate) Alexander Meyer, whose work on sacrifice (1933) was later published in Paris, are presented.

Българското национално радио и Дарик радио като сцени на знанието: учените в медиите по време на Ковид-19

Author(s): Elena Fuchedzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

The present study focuses on expert knowledge as the most relevant information during crisis and the role of media in the selection and identification of experts whose knowledge and experience is presented to the audience. The coronavirus crisis was one of the most unexpected crises in Bulgaria and that is why the experts and their knowledge turned out to be in the focus of attention of the public, the institutions, the national operational headquarters, and the media. The purpose of this study is to examine how journalists find and impart the experts knowledge to their audiences during crises; which scientists and experts they invite for interviews; how they present them to the audience; what kind of dialogues they form and whether their attitude towards the different types of experts they talk to changes. Are there any differences in the dialogues with the experts in the two media selected – Bulgarian national radio and Darik radio – and what specifics and tendencies could be marked in the conversations with them during the period 8th of March – 8th of April 2020.

БНТ И БНР в социалните мрежи: новините по време на пандемията от Ковид-19

Author(s): Iliana Pavlova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

The article presents the results of a survey of BNT and BNR news on social networks during the state of emergency in Bulgaria in connection of COVID-19 pandemic (March 13 to May 13, 2020). The aim is not only to explore how the both media are presented on the different social platforms for media activity, but also whether and how they build their social networks (including on their websites) and what news agenda they set in the conditions of crisis.

Лайфстайл аспекти на инфодемията Ковид-19 в българския контекст

Author(s): Silvia Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

The text focuses on the messages broadcast by the lifestyle and rhetoric of politicians and public leaders during the Covid-19 pandemic. The imposition of a central media trend is being studied - the machismo lifestyle, emphasizing the characteristics of the patriarchal type of masculinity: aggression, threats, austerity, military rhetoric. The focus on this type of patriarchal-masculine lifestyle can be used as a tool to study the consequences of infodemic.

Смяна на парадигмите: алтернативна журналистика е възможна

Author(s): Ilya Valkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

For the last years in Bulgaria there are more and more examples about the capturing of the big media, indecent flirtation between the media, the government and the ruling parties, pressure on editorial content, expulsion of critical journalists in the media periphery. The public space is highly radicalized due to political and economic confrontations. This negative trend is also creating new forms of alternative, opposition journalism, which is even waging a guerrilla war with the powerful political and financial centers. And probably for the first time in Bulgaria we see an opportunity for changing the dominating model – new media platforms seek financial support from the citizens.

За акцентуването при сложните съществителни имена в българския език

Author(s): Mirena Patseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The paper offers an analysis of the accentuation of complex nouns in the Bulgarian language, based on the theory of optimality and the interaction between morphology and phonology. The aim is to outline the tendency for realization of the accent characteristic of the dominant component in the structure, which acts in parallel with metric regularities. Constraints are formulated, expressing basic regularities in the accentuation, such as the orientation of the main stress to the right base and the morphological head. Their ranking in different types of structures is considered. A metric constraint is also introduced, describing the initial position of the secondary stress under certain conditions. The conclusion is substantiated that the additional accent in many cases is lexical and serves for semantic differentiation, and at the same time it also has a metrical manifestation.

В търсене на новите български културни герои в чужбина

Author(s): Kamen Rikev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The paper discusses several major challenges for delivering messages, symbols and cultural heroes representing an attractive image of Bulgaria and Bulgarians abroad. It takes into consideration a divergence between current national promotion strategies and the opportunities in the foreign market. The author suggests that the role of new cultural heroes can be performed by former football players Hristo Stoichkov and Dimitar Berbatov, whose autobiographies have been released in 2018 with immediate plans for publication in Poland. Judging by their commercial success, “The Story” of Stoichkov and Berbatov’s “My Way” reveal an unexpected transformation of notable sportspersons into narrators. Questions, such as the nature of authorship and co-authorship, the linguistic, stylistic and narrative specifics in both books, lead to a typological comparison of the two athletes-turned-writers to previous manifestations of the Bulgarian cultural hero. According to the author, the most persuading argument for the acceptance of Stoichkov and Berbatov as contemporary cultural heroes is the model of the undisputed winner, revealed in their autobiographies. The two editions do not fit into the categories of high Bulgarian culture, however their translation abroad would open up new horizons in search of successful national symbols.