Authoritarian Tendencies in the Polish Political System

Author(s): Jerzy Jaskiernia / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The author analyses some authoritarian tendencies which occur in the Polish political system after 2015 elections since one party (Law and Justice – PiS) has started to control the office of the President and both houses of parliament and has introduced changes in functioning of the Constitutional Tribunal and the judiciary. To some extent PiS represents social attitudes typical for the socialist (social-democratic) parties, with some populist message, but with the combination of a conservative approach to several issues and a nationalistic stand on perception of patriotic mood. To respond to the widely felt hardships and anxieties, PiS ran a campaign that called for vastly expanded public spending. It promised to increase the minimum wage and the personal income tax exemption; to offer a new child support payments (program Family 500+), housing subsidies (program Housing+), and free prescription drugs for seniors; and to lower the retirement age from the current 67 to 65 for men and 65 to 60 for women. PiS also exploited the European migrant crisis. It is too early to claim that the authoritarian tendencies, observed after 2015 elections, have dominated the Polish political system for a longer time. Still an important counterbalance offer the political opposition and mechanisms of the civil society. The Polish fundamental law still brings about the criteria to analyze a political practice and instruments to protect to some extent the balance of power and pluralistic values. The open question is what tendency would bring about the constitutional referendum proposed by President Andrzej Duda for 11 November 2018, on the 100th anniversary of independence of Poland. It might answer the question whether some autocratic tendencies would create the mood to change the constitution in that direction.

Putin’s Russia in Russian Eyes

Author(s): Jerzy J. Wiatr / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Uchodźcy jako „podejrzana społeczność” (suspect community).

Author(s): Sławomir Łodziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The purpose of this article is to analyze the results of a series of public opinion polls carried out by the Public Opinion Research Center in the period May 2015 – December 2018 which focus their attention on the attitudes towards refugees. I try to show that the admission of refugees in Poland has ceased to be seen as a kind of obligation to help this group whether from moral reasons, humanitarian (these people are found in the situation of war and ethnic persecution), legal (due to international agreements regarding the protection of their rights signed by Poland) or historical (in a sense of solidarity as we – Poles – were also refugees in the past). Refugees began to be seen primarily as a community that threatens us from the perspective of maintaining public security (threat of terrorist attacks), native culture (fear of religious fundamentalism and intolerant attitudes to other religions and customs, especially concerning women)and use of limited financial and social resources for our needy citizens.

Imperium tekstu kontratakuje. Refleksje socjologa. Recenzja książki Marcina Matczaka Imperium tekstu. Prawo jako postulowanie i urzeczywistnianie świata możliwego

Author(s): Lech M. Nijakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

Указания за авторите

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Guide for Authors

General scientific and philosophical approaches to the analysis of training teaching staff of preschool education

Author(s): Mariya Oliynyk / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

This article analyzes the general scientific and philosophical approaches to the training of teaching staff of preschool education. The essence of the concept of "methodological approach" has been revealed, as did the main approaches to training future educators. Author determined and allocated philosophical, interdisciplinary, systemic, synergistic, functional, personal, activity, axiological, and competency approaches.

BULLYING in schools - Activities through which teachers can prevent Bullying at school

Author(s): Ana-Maria Ţebrean,Andreea Ţebrean (Sabie) / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

In this paper entitled BULLYING in schools - Activities through which teachers can prevent Bullying at school, we propose to present a worrying reality of our day by proposing some preventive ways that could come in support of a worrying phenomenon, which has increased in size in schools in Romania. We consider that the teaching staff also plays an important role in trying to stop this phenomenon, by implementing some active-participatory activities in the classroom, activities that we intend to highlight in this paper.

The concept of error in scholar environment

Author(s): Delia Pătrăucean,Mădălina MĂRIUȚĂ / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2018

The actual study is proposing to analyze the concept of error in education and to apply some strategies in order to guide the process of education. Teaching with mistakes, reverse marking, self-correction, the possibility of correcting in equal ways, are some suggestions which can be applied at the classroom. The end of the study reveals the fact that an important place in this ecuations is occupied by the teacher’s attitude which have a huge impact in pupils’ life.

The necessity of French Teaching in education system

Author(s): Daniela Bujdei,Erena-Ana Tanasi / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2018

In the article named The necessity of French Teaching in education system we propose to approach french studying’s importance in schools. Moreover, french is a precise and melodious language which can translate the most profound undertones of thinking and of human sensivity. It represents the third spoken language on Internet, after English, Germain and Spanish. Also, French is one of the two official languages from the majority of issential institutions such as: United Nations Organisations, European Union, European Council, Unesco and Red Cross. French is efficient, because teacher doesn’t have to stop to promote its wealth, to convey to pupil the entire value and beauty. To the same extent, the educator always encourages the pupil to act in teaching-learning process and constantly involves him in order to the encrease of motivational level for french learning.

Представители на българската диаспора в Александрия от втората половина на XIX век (до Освобождението)

Author(s): Margarita Terzieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The article analyses the educational, cultural, national and political challenges in front of the Bulgarian diaspora in the Romanian town Alexandria from the second half of the 19th century to the Liberation of Bulgaria – keeping the native language, upbringing the young generation in patriotic spirit, relations with the countrymen who remained on the other side of the Danube, inclusion in the national liberation movement. The names of teachers, doctors and other representatives of the Bulgarian emigrant intellectuals who combined their professional activities with intense socially useful activity are mentioned. Part of them turned into notable names in Principality of Bulgaria after the Liberation.

Кавалерите на ордена „За храбростъ“ във флота на Негово Величество

Author(s): Yancho Bakalov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The article presents research on the Military Order of Courage and Soldiers' Cross for bravery of His Majesty's Navy during the Balkan Wars and World War I. The interest is focused on the conditions in which the ship's crews and shore units were assigned in solving combat tasks, the scale of force of the forces in counteraction to a repeatedly superior opponent, the contribution of the most prominent of them to success, and the assessment that was given to them. The award-winning Naval Officers are presented as an association of professionals and like-minded people who have built an organic society of the Knights of Courage. Later periods of activation of the Military Order are shown in fragmentary form.

К проблеме формирования риторической культуры преподавателя высшей школы

Author(s): Liudmila Luneva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The teacher has a special role in the development and improvement of speech culture in the society. The teacher’s word as his main instrument must be the model of verbal intelligence, the model of high speech culture. This article deals with the typical lecturer’s speech errors and investigates means to avoid errors during the specialized course in the system of professional development.This article presents analysis and monitoring of speech etiquette of teachers of different subjects, highlights experience of how to refer to spell books and various dictionaries and introduces different ways of improving communicative activity through the system of professional development at Samara State Transport University.

Фраземы с колоративным компонентом в методике преподавания русского языка как иностранного

Author(s): Nadya Cherneva,Boryana Tencheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article is devoted to the Russian phrasemes with a colorative component as a means of forming linguo-cultural competence and developing emotional intelligence during the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The phraseological units as a linguistic and cultural sign always evoke strong interest among linguists and also the neophrasemes further enrich the lexico-phraseological system and conceptualize reality through emotional images. The main focus of the research includes analysis of the expressional and emotional characteristics of the phrasemes mentioned above. The article is interdisciplinary: it reveals a structural-semantic typology, as well as a system of exercises that can be involved in the teaching process when developing the listening, reading, writing and speaking on level B1-B2 in accordance with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

Nieudane samobójstwo polityczne – ustawa o powszechnym głosowaniu korespondencyjnym w wyborach prezydenckich 2020

Author(s): Jarosław Flis,Wojciech Ciszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The paper relates to main problems regarding the conducting of presidential election in Poland during the COVID-19 lockdown. The presidential elections in Poland were originally scheduled for May 2020, that is at the time when COVID-19 restrictions were in force.The ruling party in Poland – Law and Justice – decided to hold the elections in the form of universal postal vote. Unfortunately, due to many complications, the elections were finally postponed. In this paper the authors, firstly, describe the legal context of the election, and secondly, introduce a taxonomy of problems involved in the organization of the election.

Съюз на сериозното с играта: Webdoc

Author(s): Snezhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2020

The text examines the web documentary in its relations with other productions, the names used for it and the variants claiming its own importance. An overview of publications has been made, which follow its development and emphasize some of its highly appreciated realizations

Измерения на авторството и променените сцени на публичността

Author(s): Zhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2020

The book by Lozanka Peycheva ‘The folk spirit’ in author’s songs from Bulgaria’ (Sofia: “St. Kliment Ohridski” University Press, 2019) is part of research work on the scientific project “The soft power of popular music in media (by examples from Bulgaria and the Balkans”, financed by the Bulgarian national science fund.

Pragmatic Interpretation of Knowledge in Wittgenstein’s Later Philosophy

Author(s): Andrii Synytsia / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The article shows that Ludwig Wittgenstein used mostly pragmatic analysis to study the problem of knowledge in the later period. Without giving clear definitions of epistemological concepts, he argued that our interpretations of knowledge depend on the context of language-games, ideas of truth, certainty and justification, as well as the level of education and culture that form our way of life. It was found that the ideas of pragmatics were useful to Wittgenstein in order to more clearly define the nature of true knowledge, to outline the specifics of our refleсtions about certainty, as well as to analyze in detail all aspects of the justification. It is stated that his epistemological researches and discussions around them raised a wide range of not only linguistic but also psychological, cognitive and metaphysical issues, which made our understanding of the nature of knowledge much more comprehensive.

Expression as a Solution of the Problem of Other Selves

Author(s): Kailashkanta Naik / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

This article reflects a particular aspect of Merleau-Ponty phenomenological understanding of expression which solves the problem of other selves. As part of the solution I have explained Merleau-Ponty’s concepts of materialism and intellectualism and the introduction of embodied subjectivity. When we understand embodied subjectivity as the constitutive aspect that refers to the totality of an individual, this enables us to understand the concept of expression both in terms of bodily gestures and also from the perspective of linguistic expressions. When we understand the meaning of expressions in this way the concept of expression thus opens us up to understand others because of the sharing aspect of language as well as the world. It thus explains from the embodied expression to the notion of bodily gestures and from the bodily expression to facial expression in particular and expression in general dismissing the idea that expressions are not the result of our mental states.

Meaning of Life, Death and Immortality in Human Existence

Author(s): Svitlana Krylova,Nazip Khamitov / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The article considers the problem of the meaning of life in ordinary, frontier and metafrontier dimensions of human being. The meaning of life in the ordinary life is biological and soulful one. The meaning of human life in the frontier being is the realization of the will to power, the will to cognition and creativity. In the harmony of the physical, mental and spiritual dimensions is the true meaning of life and its realization in the metafrontier dimension of human existence. A person with a materialistic worldview perceives his/ her immortality in children and work. A person with an idealistic worldview insists on the immortality of the individual soul, which exists after death outside and independently of memory in it. A worldview that resolves the contradiction of materialism and idealism is personalism, where the immortality of the individual is posed.

Формиране на комуникативно-речева компетентност по метода „Mонтесори“ при деца, отглеждани в условията на социален дом

Author(s): Diyana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2020

The obsessing of communicative-speaking competence assures the individual full participation in communication. As a major aspect in the mental and personal development of children, it has the status of a species concept with respect to the generic concept ’communicative competence’. The article is dedicated to research focused on one of the most current problems of special pedagogy – the formation of communicative-speaking competence in preschool age children raised in a social home setting, using alternative teaching methods. The comparative approach in the analysis of the empirical data from the two research corps allows them to be compared against pre-formulated criteria and indicators. The results show that the Montessori method provides more effective development of communicative-speaking skills and habits in the children raised in a social home setting compared to the traditional methods of education and communication.