Защо студентите не учат, а работодателите не дават високи заплати?

Author(s): Georgi Kiranchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The article examines the behavior of students and employers as abimatrix game. With the tools of game theory, it is generally proven that the optimal strategy for employers is to pay low wages, and for students – not to study or to study too little. These two strategies form the Nash’s equilibrium in pure strategies. No specific numbers were used in the evidence, but only plausible assumptions about the relationships between the used parameters. This generalizes the conclusions made in the general case of higher education. Such a study of the question using game theory has not been done yet.

Дистанционното обучение в CУ „Иван Вазов“ в Стара Загора през учебната 2019/2020 г.

Author(s): Toni Chehlarova,Neda Chehlarova,Dinko Tsvyatkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The results of a survey are presented in order to support the management of the leadership of “Ivan Vazov” Secondary School in Stara Zagora to create conditions for distance learning. The results are analyzed from surveys to determine the degree of satisfaction and fatigue of teachers, students and parents associated with this school, from distance learning in the school year 2019/2020.Distance learning was introduced on March 16, 2020 by the Ministry of Education in connection with the emergency situation, announced by a decision of the National Assembly of Bulgaria and related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Емпирично изследване на връзката между присъствието на лекции и изпитни резултати при дигитално обучение на студентите в MS Teams

Author(s): Christian Tanushev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

This research aims to investigate the relationship between lectureat tendance and the achieved grades on the final exams for a sample of 485 students from the professional field of Economics at a Bulgarian university. The observed average lecture attendance is 30%, the correlation coefficient between the variables is 0.62. When using a regression model up to 38.79% of the variation in the grades obtained by students is explained by the factor attendance. The increase in attendance by 1% leads to an elevation in the exam result by 0.0306 units. All results are statistically significant at a significance level even below 1%. This study examines the problem for the first time in the context of online learning, where contact can only be achieved through electronic channels (students and the teacher have never been in live contact) and attendance data is observed by calculating the time in hours and minutes of participation in the MS Teams sessions.

KiVa: финландската алтернатива срещу училищната агресия у нас

Author(s): Iveta Yakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The writing of this article was provoked by another case of aggression against a teacher in a Bulgarian school. For the purposes of the analysis, a “case study” method was used to “dissect” the school situation that took place. The latter facilitates the derivation of the specific factors for the registered event. Through the code of linguistic communication, inductive generalizations stood out, which were related to deductive ones, generated by secondary analysis of data from the sociological research conducted in our country. The considered situation focuses on the Finnish school bullying intervention program KiVa, developed by the University of Turku, understood as an alternative to reducing school aggression and victimization. Besides, it also builds a safe and secure school environment.

Bulgarian Parents’ Attitudes to Literacy Activities Through Digital Devices and Relevant Sociodemographic Factors at The Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Katerina Shtereva,Sonya Karabeliova / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2021

This study aims to establish correlations between the use of digital devices for literacy activities and the demographic and socio-cultural characteristics of parents, children and the family during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria. Thе study includes parents of 172 children aged 2 to 8 who completed online questionnaires related to home learning activities and the use of digital devices by families and children. The findings show that parents have a positive attitude towards engaging in literacy and reading activities through digital devices with their children, but do not support the excessive use of digital devices by children. We found that older children, girls, and children who use digital devices to communicate with family members and friends are more likely to engage in literacy activities through digital devices. Our findings corroborate other recent studies in underscoring the importance of partnership between children and their parents for children's development in today's environment.

Моралното въображение и етическата компетентност могат да се развиват и в университета

Author(s): Tsvetan Davidkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

Синтаксисът като езикова онтология

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

n our opinion, * `logical basis` and *` syntactic basis` are incorrect from a cognitive point of view. The subjunctive is a syntactic category and the qualification `logical` is an oxymoron, or at least a dissonance. In logic, the category is the subject. And since the subjunctive is the syntactic category, even more disturbing is the tautological * `syntactic subjunctive`. The article substantiates the cognitive reading of the substratum. What is new is the derivation of linguistic ontology as a category of the cognitive method in syntax, of cognitive syntax.

Интернационализм «аванс» в русском и болгарском языках: сопоставительный анализ

Author(s): Olga Barabash,Antonia Pencheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2021

The article examines the functioning of the international word "аванс", formed from the French "avance" in the Russian and Bulgarian languages. By comparing the existing semantic capacity of the concept of "аванс" in the Russian, Bulgarian and French languages, the article reveals the nationally specific components of the meanings of these lexical units. The correlation of the secondary meanings recorded in the Slavic languages in question with the accompanying set of lexical and semantic variants of the original French word is established. The authors come to the conclusion that the translation of the international word “аванс” from Russian into Bulgarian in certain contexts requires the method of concretization, while the reverse translation requires the method of generalization.

Decoding Colour Words in English Maritime and Naval Terminology

Author(s): Galina Velikova / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2021

The present paper attempts to investigate colour words and phrases which give a special flavour to Maritime and Naval Terminology in English. It is based on a list of the most common words and phrases excerpted from specialized dictionaries and strives to systematize them using the lexico-semantic method. Bearing in mind their particular status in language it is found that colour words abound with figurative meanings and give rise to both metonymy and metaphor. The findings in this study can be applicable when teaching English maritime and naval terminology.

К вопросу о содержании функциональной грамотности

Author(s): Natalya Jadko,Mariam Moiseevna Bezrukikh / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2021

he article considers the structure of functional literacy from the standpoint of activity, system and competence approaches as a condition for its formation and assessment of formation. Competencies are considered as units of speech activity. Soft skills and hard skills differ. The author's model of the structure of functional literacy as a speech activity is proposed, the product and subject of which is the text.

За някои методически принципи в специализираното чуждоезиково обучение за професията

Author(s): Silviya Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The article discusses the necessity to apply specific methodological principles in FLT for professional purposes due to the increasing interest of learners towards such training. The focus is on the essence of the concept of specialized economic language and on the method of Task-Based Approach. The necessary strategies for its application are also mentioned. The development of the skill for active linguistic performance is promoted mainly by the implementation of minimally structured training situations (authenticity). The constructivist principle of creating polymodular conditions, including the personal experience of the learner so as to stimulate the solution of the given problem are mentioned. For this purpose the specialized content and its peculiarities together with its exact location in the vertical stratification of specialized language are emphasized. The process of working with specialized text and one of the descriptors of CEFR are discussed. When working, the principles of subject-specific aspects are taken into consideration, placing the importance on the quality of teaching materials instead of their quantity, and prioritizing the sistematicity and the orientation of the content over the form.

Публичната реч като лингвистично предизвикателство пред преводача и чуждоезиковото обучение

Author(s): Vladislav Milanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The current article examines Bulgarian public political speech as a challenge for the professional translators and as a series of political messages addressed to young people who study at higher educational institutions in Bulgaria. The article analyses the perception of clichéd constructions as well as the models of speech aggression which are widely practiced in different discussion formats such as election campaign debates, parliamentary control, public debates on TV where important public issues are discussed. The observations on the presidential election campaign in 2021 are also presented as well as the perception of the political messages by the nominees. The main conclusion from the scientific study shows that both Bulgarians and foreigners face problems with the grammatically correct sentence constructions behind which there is a minimum of information. The study also confirms the hypothesis that foreign students in Bulgaria recognize a number of common features between the political speech in our country and in their home countries. The clichés and the speech aggression are present in the global political speech as a component which defines the models of public speech and Bulgaria is no exception from that. A similar conclusion can be made about the interconnection between political and journalistic speech where the following common speech features can be recognized: inability to listen to the interlocutor; politicians slide over journalistic questions; the “self” overexposure, etc.

Какво е курорт?

Author(s): Ilya Zlatanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The article examines the evolvement of the Bulgarian word kurort in historical terms. The first part discusses the practices of using the healing power of nature from ancient times to the present day. Special attention is paid to balneology in Bulgaria as evidenced by numerous settlements named Banya, lit. ‘bath’. Next, an analysis is made of the word kurort and its dissimilarity from the corresponding English and French terms. The emergence of the concept of Kurort in the German language is associated with the general development of medicine from the XIV century onwards, when the medical terminology changed.

Преживяването на едно земетресение – социокултурни ефекти върху качеството на живот на местните общности (наблюдение върху последствията от пернишкото земетресение 2012 г.)

Author(s): Elya Tzaneva,Albena Nakova-Manolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The analysis of sociocultural responses and behavioral strategies to address the consequences of local disasters is aimed at supporting the development of models of rational and socially adequate behavior to prevent and limit the effects of disasters,which could be useful in documents and policies of an official nature among local and central authorities and increase their effectiveness.

Качеството на живот след природно бедствие. Етноложки поглед (случаят „Аспарухово“)

Author(s): Stamen Kanev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Due to the rise of urbanization and globalization over the last few decades, people have become in a way less protected from natural, technological or biological disasters. Suchcalamities are predetermined by the historical and cultural background of the specific affected area and its inhabitants, which form the model and the degree of vulnerability –geographical location, infrastructure development and the level of productivity. The article studies the quality of life after the flood in Varna’s Asparuhovo district and its complex consequences, reflecting at the same time on the attitude of the locals towards various aspects of life, as well as the public health of the people in the affected area. This research presents the different viewpoints of locals, who ponder upon the changes in their lives six years after the flood of 2014. The acquired conclusions can serve both researchers and institutions for the evaluation of the strategies applied in the overcoming of the crisis, and to create new, if necessary,as well as the proper allocation of funds, socio-political reorganization and so forth.

Между греха и наказанието: Образът на чумата в църковното изкуство и във фолклора

Author(s): Kristiyan Kovachev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The periods of crisis that certain societies go through change the already established order. They provoke a rethinking of existence and the need to seek protection from above against what cannot be driven away by any means known to man. The late medieval post-Byzantine Balkan churches fully illustrate this. Some of them, especially those in the places directly affected by a certain epidemic, appear after such critical moments, and in their collection of images, the disease itself finds its own place, acquiring at the same time a set of anthropomorphic features. The protection of God or some of His saints is sought after when it comes to acting against the plague. The article tries in an interdisciplinary way (combining history, culturology and theory of art) to emphasize on the image of the plague in the Orthodox Christian image system. The motif of the Dance of Death (Danse Macabre), in which rulers,clergy and peasants are involved, was influenced by the “procession” of the infection throughout Europe and has been repeatedly discussed in the scientific literature.Within the Balkan Orthodox Christian folklore, the plague appears as a strange girl who is constantly scratching herself, or as an old crone - in most cases presented as a witch. People turn to St. Charalambos to be their intercessor before God and to relieve them from the trouble that befell them. The vernacular idea of St. Charalambos as a victor over the plague, which he captured and chained, is reflected in the church’s visual tradition.

Общественото възприемане на индустриалните аварии в България по време на комунистическото управление

Author(s): Daniel Vachkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

After 1944, both the Bulgarian society and economy began to undergo rapid transformations, one of which was the accelerated industrialization. With its development there was a steep increase in industrial mischances and serious accidents at work. This phenomenon became an essential element of the everyday life of the rapidly growing working class in Bulgaria during the 50s and 60s. Naturally, the increasing number of incidents also provoked certain public perceptions, which the ruling Communist Party was extremely concerned about, fearing that they would undermine the image of the regime that state propaganda was trying to implement.For this reason, the tried to monitor, control and direct in a certain direction the public perception of all misfortunes at the workplace. During different periods of its rule, the communist regime used various schemes, methods and means to influence the development of the population’s attitude to industrial incidents, accidents and catastrophes. Although this constant pressure from the authorities and the propaganda have played a significant role in the public point of view, they have not fully achieved the results desired by the party. Without finding an official public expression, society’s attitude to the industrial accidents for the most part did not coincide with that of the regime, which further reinforced the authorities’ fears of a possible wider disclosure of serious industrial catastrophes. This, in turn, further complicated the efforts to minimize such failures.

35 години по-късно. Чернобилската авария в спомените на руснаци и българи

Author(s): Yulia Tsyryapkina,Yelis Erolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

On April 26, 1986, the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Soviet Ukraine occurred and it is known as one of the greatest disasters in the history of nuclear energy. Immediately after the accident, dozens of people lost their lives, hundreds developed the so-called radiation sickness, hundreds of thousands have been evacuated and displaced, and the surrounding flora and fauna were severely affected. The resulting cloud of radioactive particles passed through a number of countries in Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe and led to long-term negative consequences in the health of a significant part of the population. The following article introduces the primary results of a joint historical and ethnological study, conducted both in Russia and Bulgaria, on the memories of contemporaries of this technological disaster which had global consequences. The aim is to analyze how the population today in both countries is reflecting on the Chernobyl accident in terms of its awareness and the degree of the impact; its reaction and preparedness; the measures applied by the responsible institutions; short-termand long-term consequences. The methodology of the study at this stage includes a comparative analysis of the results of in-depth interviews among Russians and Bulgarians conducted in early 2021.

Проект „Социалнопсихологични ефекти на кризата, породена от COVID-19: възприет стрес и динамика на преживяванията“

Author(s): Ilina Nacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The Cosplay Phenomenon in Intentions of Art Marketing

Author(s): Oľga Púchovská,Dana Hodinková,Lucia Račkovičová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Since the 1980s, the cosplay phenomenon has become a significant aspect of popular culture mainly in Japan, but also in other parts of Asia and in the Western world as well. Nowadays, cosplay events are the most common feature of various fan conventions and there are also dedicated conventions, such as local and international competitions. Websites, social networks, and other forms of social media centred on cosplay activities are just as popular places for the presentation of cosplayers work, and also for cosplay fan conventions. We encounter the definition of this phenomenon mainly in sociological studies, but in its definition from a marketing point of view, and also in term of art studies is less frequent in an academic environment. In the presented study, we look at the cosplayer as an artist with the possibility to become a brand. Cooperation with cosplayers is attractive for different categories of products, not only directly connected with popular culture, e.g., cooperation with bank institutions. On the other hand, it is really necessary to underline the connection with products and texts of popular culture. In the case of self-promotion of cosplayers, games, movies and other pop-culture festivals and events take really important place. This study aims to present a theoretical reflection of the cosplay phenomenon from the perspective of art marketing, as a potential basis for the further research in this area. The situation is illustrated by practical examples.