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Autorzy zebranych tu tekstów poruszają szeroko dyskutowane problemy z dziedziny metodologii i filozofii ekonomii, podejmują też analizę relacji między państwem, sferą społeczną i gospodarczą, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem rolnictwa i rozwoju wsi. Nie zabrakło tu więc rozważań o granicach ekonomii i jej problemach jako nauki, o roli państwa w gospodarce, nierównościach społecznych, jakości rządzenia, o lasach państwowych, drobnych gospodarstwach rolnych czy o wielofunkcyjności wsi. To tylko wybrane przykłady zaczerpnięte z tej wielowątkowej książki, podążającej śladem naukowych zainteresowań prof. Jerzego Wilkina. Misja profesora uniwersytetu jest bardzo szczególna. Musi on przede wszystkim być badaczem, ale jednocześnie niezbędny jest mu talent dydaktyczny, by ze zgromadzoną wiedzą mógł trafić do uczniów. Profesor bywa też potrzebny jako organizator życia naukowego, kierujący zespołami i administrujący instytucjami badawczymi. Niemniej jego misja sięga też poza mury uczelni czy nawet szeroko rozumiany obszar nauki. Profesor uniwersytetu to także popularyzator wiedzy, doradca kształtujący poglądy społeczeństwa czy jego elit rządzących. W praktyce jednak większość naukowców dokonuje wyboru obszaru szczególnej aktywności, siłą rzeczy pozostawiając na marginesie inne. Rzadko zdarzają się kariery w pełni harmonijne, w których byłoby miejsce na wszystkie wspomniane formy aktywności w pełnym wymiarze. Obserwując dorobek 45 lat pracy zawodowej prof. Jerzego Wilkina, można uznać, że w Jego przypadku mamy do czynienia z taką właśnie, naznaczoną sukcesami, w pełni harmonijną karierą naukowca, nauczyciela, eksperta i organizatora życia naukowego.
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The articles and opinions collected in this volume are linked not only by the figure of the author and a broad similarity of themes indicated by the title. They also represent a specific mode of doing philosophy, different from the two presently dominant ones: positivistic and hermeneutic. The book reflects the author’s opinion of its nature.
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A historical and philosophical monograph devoted to the aesthetic thought of Baumgarten, presented against the backdrop of the school of Leibniz and Wolff, and the pietists. The author highlights Baumgarten’s original contribution to the creation of philosophical aesthetics, which he understood to be an anthropological and educational project. According to the philosopher, reflection on art in aesthetics was a reflection on the art of (good) living. The publication also features translations of extensive fragments of Aesthetics and Lectures on aesthetics.
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The aim of the book is to frame the concept of the good as the essence of the good life. Against the “happiness industry” it is argued that it might be best grasped within the frame work of Neo-Aristoelianism in the form developed in post-analytical tradition since the 1950s. I argue that Anscombe’s intervention led not only to the development of virtue ethics, but (on the basis of the evolution of analytical tradition to its post-analytical form on the one side, and its progressing naturalisation and growing interest in philosophy of mind and cognitive science on the other) but also, and primarily, to restoration of Aristotelianism as conceptual scheme (in the sense of Davidson) which enables both fruitful analysis of the main technical problems of contemporary moral philosophy and adequate answering to the key issues of moral and social life. Starting with analysis of the very Aristotelian turn and arguing for its understanding in terms of critical theory I develop an analysis of Aristotelianism not in the sense of historical and language scholarship, but rather in search of intellectual resources. This enables to discuss key issues in normativity and highlighting the possibility of overcoming the fact/value gap. Followingly, the concept of the good life is discussed with the attention being paid to the development of the individual agency and sense of life, as well as to the forms of self-discipline needed for such a development. This development, I argue, is a development of an embedded self, which might become conscious and coherent agent thanks to phronetic ordering of the goods and activities as way of distributing its most basic resources: time and attention. This also makes the grasp of the ethical possible not as purely abstract set of rules, but as part of daily routine of an the agent. Last chapter discusses the possibility of recognition of the good of other beings as well as social standards of the good life. I outline the capability approach as intervention in the local distortions of possibilities of human development and by pinpointing its weaknesses I claim of the MacIntyrean concept of the practice being not only most adequate to frame the moral development of the agent, but also to validation of the forms of social interaction. Reading MacIntyre’s Aristotelianism through Bourdieu’s concept of habitus I argue that it is by in-depth recognition of the intentional structures of its activities that the agent may obtain self-knowledge giving them a sense of happiness.
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The structure of the publication reflects the logic of the deliberations, starting with detailed issues (Alfred Tarski's semantic definition of truth in chapter 1) and moving on to those increasingly broad and practical (by linking the theory of meaning with the topic of language learning in chapter 2 and the concept of non-referential semantics in chapter 3), to ultimately arriving at Davidson's philosophy and its coherent concept of types of knowledge, in the acquisition of which the theory of interpretation (discussed in the final chapter of the book) plays a crucial role. Maciaszek shows the evolution of Davidson's views, especially in terms of the theory of meaning, which still poses many interpretative difficulties for commentators reviewing this theory. In his original approach, the author discusses the issue of ontological obligations of semantics (in terms of analytical philosophy) and points to its entanglement in metaphysical considerations. Besides, the more advanced reader can also find detailed critical analyses of the author engaging in polemics both with different approaches to the concept of Davidson semantics today as well as with various interpretations of Tarski’s theory of truth, which underlies this semantics. From the review by prof. Urszula Żegleń
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The author knows how to lead the reader through the complicated meanders of disputes in a clear way, reconstructing the reasons for losing faith in the possibility of agency of social entities, highlighting the complex theoretical as well as political and economic conditions of this dangerous situation. He recalls many publications, efficiently underscoring the most vital aspects. In this way, he creates a coherent narrative offering an original amendment to some theses of posthumanism (e.g. the thesis on the break with humanism, the thesis on the death of the subject), while appreciating the beneficial transformations brought about by moving away from imperial anthropocentrism. Not all of the author's conclusions will be universally accepted; however, I believe that as long as conclusions are drawn consistently from the adopted assumptions, together with taking into account the context of the debates, they deserve both attention and their reconsideration. The vast majority of the conclusions are convincing and they testify to the author's insight into the subject. The gift of creating syntheses of many topics usually discussed in isolation, of inducing collisions of perspectives that allow previously unnoticed relationships to surface – this is a powerful asset of the publication. Dr hab. Maria Kostyszak, prof. of the University of Wrocław
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John Rawls's theory of justice, like his philosophy of politics, is not easy to grasp intellectually. Although he was an American philosopher and he was apparently close to the Anglo-Saxon analytical tradition in philosophy which is characterized by the pursuit of style perspicuity and general intellectual clarity, the reader of his Theory of Justice and, to a lesser extent, other works certainly does not have an easy task. Following the meanders of Rawls's thoughts seems rather difficult and requires a considerable measure of focus and attention. In this sense, an introduction to his theory of justice and political philosophy is certainly necessary, so Krzysztof Kędziora's project should be welcomed with joy. Its implementation also invites respect and commendation. From the review by prof. Andrzej Szahaj
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The most important Polish publication devoted to the philosophy of Kant and Fichte. The fundamental aim of the Author was to describe a way of thinking called transcendentalism, as the works of the two philosophers have played a crucial role in its birth and development. The idea of transcendentalism has been extracted by Siemek from various historical entanglements, presented using a language independent of the old philosophy, but most importantly – the ground-breaking character of transcendentalism and its timeliness from the point of view of modern thought has been argued in a fascinating way.
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The figure of Désiré Mercier (1851—1926) — Belgian philosopher, theologian, cardinal and later the Primate of Belgium, the founding father of the neo-scholastical Leuven School and a great restorer of Thomism — has long inscribed itself into the history of contemporary philosophy. He is remembered in particular among those representatives of classical philosophy who saw in the rebirth of scholasticism, which occurred at the turn of the 20th century, a chance to establish modern, realistically-oriented philosophy that could withstand the challenges of contemporary idealism in its varied versions — particularly those connected with broadly-understood legacy of Kant’s philosophy. What, then, are the philosophical foundations of Mercier’s polemic with Kant? What alternative does Mercier propose for the subjective, in his view, concept of synthetic a priori judgments?The present monograph constitutes an attempt at answering these questions, among others. The first chapter contains a synthetic reconstruction of the main theses of Mercier’s criteriology, while the second chapter discusses the fundamental lines of Mercier’s disagreement with Kant’s ideas. Chapter three comprises a polemic analysis of the issue of the apologetic engagement of neo-scholasticism, with particular attention being paid to the stance espoused by Mercier as well as the Polish alumni of the Higher Institute of Philosophy in Leuven. As such, the present work constitutes a complementary look at the issues discussed in Désiré Mercier’s General Theory of Certitude, published by the University of Silesia Press in 2008. The monograph is addressed to those who, on the one hand would like to familiarize themselves with a synthetic and systematized approach to Mercier’s theory of certitude as well as the main axis of his disagreement with Kantianism, and on the other hand — receive an in-depth study of the apology of faith in neo-scholasticism.
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The author discusses the views of six philosophers: Nietzsche, Heidegger, Adorno, Deleuze, Derrida and Meillassoux, which were essential to the attempt to create the philosophy of radical hope. He also explores Bloch’s thoughts, whose ideas cannot be omitted, as well as the works of Agamben, even though his views are not usually associated with hope. He also outlines his own philosophy of radical hope, which refers to hermeneutics.
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Refugia: The Survival of Urban Transspecies Communities encourages to us recognize the unexpected relations among species and to speculate about the possibility of their existence and development. It shows the need for care and support for multi-species urban communities by answering questions about the following: Which humans and non-humans may find refuge in the city? Under what conditions and to what extent? Are cities also becoming spaces of refuge for rare, endangered or endangered species and disappearing ecosystems? Can unwanted and underestimated life forms find refuge in the city, and how much compassion and hospitality do we have for them? Is it possible to be safe in the city without a place–home–shelter of one’s own? The book is the result of transdisciplinary research, including knowledge-producing artistic projects, whose research and communication methodology enable us to go beyond specialist circles. The book consists of two parts, the first of which, Refugia: The Transdisciplinary Practice of Curiosity, includes scientific texts focusing on various cases of interspecies relationships created in cities by human and non-human animals, plants, fungi, soil, architecture, etc. The second part of the book includes artistic statements in the form of visual documentation of projects created for the exhibition Refugia: Keep (Out of) These Places. The art presented here makes it possible to construct perspectives different from those generated in the field of humanities or sciences, but remaining in close contact with these fields.
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The aim of this book is to analyse the concept of recognition and to reconstruct Axel Honneth's different conceptualizations of this notion. In the course of consideration, I identify internal ambiguities of the theory of recognition and indicate the most important points in the evolution of Honneth's thought. As an analytical background I use the concepts of individualisation and universalisation developed by Marek Jan Siemek, which are applied to systematise Honneth's theory and resolve its initial ambiguities. In the book I distinguish four basic contexts for the use of the concept of recognition. These contexts refer to the four levels of social structure within which Honneth reflects (subjective level, level of intersubjective relations, institutional level and value level). The research conducted indicates that there is a feedback loop between these levels. In the following chapters I move from introducing the reader to the theory of recognition (formulating the main theoretical assumptions and introducing the research tools used) to systematically presenting the feedback occurring between the distinguished levels of social structure. The analyses carried out finally make it possible to present a synthetic characterisation of various levels of social structure, within which the concept of recognition is applied in the philosophy of Axeal Honneth. The hitherto scattered theses concerning the notion of recognition are confronted with each other, which allows for a more precise separation of the descriptive theses of the theory from its normative ones. Most importantly, however, the analyses contained in this book allow for a more conscious use of the notion of recognition in various contexts of social reality - they make it possible to increase the effectiveness and dynamics of initiated social transformations.
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On metres, as we have it today, is an abridged version (one book) of the work writtenoriginally in forty-eight books by an Alexandrian grammarian Hephaestion (2nd century AD).Though so significantly reduced, it was over centuries, and remains until now, a primer ofancient doctrine on Greek metre. For many generations of students and scholars it was the mostimportant handbook of versification and the principal source of the technical vocabulary stillused nowadays in metrical studies. The text is also a treasury of many ancient poetic fragmentswhich otherwise would be utterly lost to us.The book presents the first Polish translation of the treatise On metres with a detailedcommentary explaining the metrical terms, analyses and views held by Hephaestion. The textof the treatise is also supplemented and compared with other ancient sources.
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The Jubilee of Professor Andrzej M. Kaniowski’s seventieth birthday, in July 2021, was an opportunity to offer him this volume. Its authors are representatives of human and social studies, two closely related disci¬plines that are also His areas of interest.The interdisciplinary group of researchers have contributed their texts, which together make up a mosaic of problems and perspectives. The dominant topics are the philosophy of Kant and modern social, political and cultural issues. Many ideas and concepts reappear in several texts. In order to facilitate tracking them, the volume has been provided with a uniform system of citing Kant’s works and the index of authors. The papers of the international group of authors have been arranged, first of all, according to the language of composition (Polish, German, English), then according to the content in historical order. The whole volume presents an image of academic openness and com-mitment, for which the editors thank the authors. To Professor Kaniowski, they give thanks for such a lofty inspiration.
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The work constitutes a result of a thought of a historio-philosophical nature,a thought on the project of Husserl’s phenomenology (classic phenomenology)on the one hand, and on the development of Tischner’sphilosophical output from phenomenology to philosophy of drama on theother. The main aim, realized in the work in the form of three steps (leadingfrom phenomenology to the philosophy of drama) subject to a tripartitestructure of the work, was to prove the main hypothesis claiming thatphonomenology treated as Husserl’s philosophical project, dealt with andcreatively developed by Tischner as an initial inspiration, constitutes thepossibility of the final effect of Tischner’s output, that is the philosophy ofdrama. An initial inspiration, that is phenomenology, remains for the philosophyof drama only an inspiration that is not exhaustive the scope ofpossible philosophical references of this philosophy. The realization of themain hypothesis enables a linear and three-stage (corresponding at thesame time to the architectonics of the development of Tischner’s thought)course of the argument: three parts of work of the following sequence:Husserl’s phenomenology as a project (part one), Tischner’s understandingof phenomenology (part two), and From phenomenology to philosophy ofdrama (part three).In the first part (Husserl’s phenomenology as a project) phenomenologyis presented as a project, initiated and realized by Husserl, but never fullyrealized, a project indicating research scope, and outlining a horizon ofclassic philosophical problems: epistemologic, metaphysical, ethical andaesthetic ones. Such a broad spectrum of problems directs a thought onphenomenology understood as a possibility, as an indefinite flow of problems.Tischner’s understanding of phenomenology also inscribes into sucha perspective. That is why it is extremely important from the perspectiveof the issues raised in the work to show phenomenology as a possibility ofthe philosophy of drama at the end of part one. In this very part, to justifythe subject-matter the author does not present Tischner’s thought, but herown understanding of phenomenological philosophy, in which she also inscribesTischner’s concept as late as in the last subchapter. A creative useof openness that characterizes Husserl’s philosophy according to Tischner,makes a Polish thinker go beyond the frames of the classic phenomenology,that is, where new areas, researched so far by other than phenomenologicalmethods, reveal.The second part (Tischner’s understanding of phenomenology) is fullydevoted to Tischner’s understanding of phenomenology. As the thought ofthe author of Thinking According to Values changes in the womb of phenomenologydeveloped by him, one can notice a shift from a transcendentalto an axiological accent. The very part is an attempt to prove the hypothesisthat an axiological interpretation of “I”, and thus, a complement toHusserl’s thought, is not a consequence of its external criticism, but a symbolof its internal potential recognized by phenomenology itself.The main aim of the third part From phenomenology to philosophy ofdrama is a reconstruction of the process of transition from phenomenologyto the philosophy of drama, an outline of the path of development (evolution)of Tischner’s thought. In the light of the results of analyses conductedit turns out that within his own philosophical thought, Tischner characterizestranscendental mindset of “I” and, in consequence, drama, a discordbetween natural and transcendental attitude perceived as a discord betweennatural and axiological-agatological attitude.The perspective of the philosophy of drama presented in the book, beinga result of revealing Tischner’s original thought in statu nascendi, in itsbeginning, Husserl’s phenomenology constitutes is certainly one of the possibilities.The aim of the work was to show the aspects of philosophy ofdrama that prove its phenomenological provenance. We hope that lookingat philosophy of drama from the angle of its beginning, and taking into accountits primary relations to phenomenology, will make a reliable pictureof Tischner’s philosophical works.
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Dzieło Autora uważam za dojrzałą prezentację istotnego problemu klinicznego, jakim są zaburzenia poznawcze w schizofrenii. Z perspektywy badacza zajmującego się psychologią schizofrenii tym bardziej doceniam wysiłek dr. Styły w dążeniu do pogłębiania wiedzy z zakresu związków złożonych i różnorodnych zmiennych psychologicznych z funkcjami poznawczymi. Wiem bowiem jak wymagające są to poszukiwania. Autor monografii przedstawia interesujący model systematyzujący rozumienie znaczenia wzajemnych interakcji czynników biologicznych, psychologicznych i społecznych w deficytach funkcjonowania poznawczego pacjentów chorujących na schizofrenię. Na uwagę zasługuje fakt, iż Autor zrealizował serię czasochłonnych badań zakrojonych na szeroką skalę, które dostarczyły ciekawego materiału do analiz. dr hab. Łukasz Gawęda, prof. IP PAN, fragment recenzji Książka stanowi pierwszą monografię w literaturze polskiej, i prawdopodobnie światowej, poświęconą w całości psychologicznemu rozumieniu zaburzeń poznawczych doświadczanych przez osoby z diagnozą schizofrenii. Termin zaburzenia poznawcze ma wiele znaczeń – w niniejszej książce rozumiany jest przede wszystkim jako dysfunkcje elementarnych czynności poznawczych (np. uwagi, uczenia się, pamięci roboczej, funkcji zarządczych). Monografia zawiera szczegółowe teoretyczne wprowadzenie, ukazujące rolę zaburzeń poznawczych w schizofrenii. Druga część tomu skupiona jest na opisie czterech badań własnych, które w sposób empiryczny wykazują istotne znaczenie procesów psychologicznych dla funkcjonowania w zakresie językowym, uczenia się, szybkości przetwarzania, funkcji zarządczych i pamięci roboczej. Czytelnicy zainteresowani zagadnieniem schizofrenii – w tym psycholodzy, lekarze, studenci i pracownicy naukowi oraz osoby z doświadczeniem psychozy i ich rodziny – z pewnością znajdą w niej wiele nowych, ciekawych informacji.
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Tryumfalny powrót pogromcy Troi zamienił się w rzeź. Agamemnon został podstępnie zamordowany przez swoją żonę Klytajmestrę i jej kochanka. Być może to jej zemsta za ofiarowanie Ifigenii, być może to szał zagłady od pokoleń wyniszczający ród Atrydów błędnym kołem odwetu, być może to tylko małżeńska zdrada. Konkluzja jest zawsze ta sama. Za krew Agamemnona Klytajmestra płaci własnym życiem. Z rąk swego syna. Mit ten w rękach ateńskich dramaturgów zyskał nieśmiertelność i siłę wyrazu, za sprawą której nawet dziś, po z górą dwudziestu pięciu wiekach, jest źródłem inspiracji i przedmiotem niesłabnącego zainteresowania. Niniejsza publikacja stanowi próbę jego odczytania z uwzględnieniem tego, co różnić mogło antyczne, greckie doświadczenie tragedii od współczesnego.
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Praca jest monografią jednej z głównych miar wierszowych, jakimi posługiwał się tworzący w V wieku p.n.e. grecki poeta liryczny Bakchylides. Autorka śledzi rozwój daktyloepitrytów oraz zbiera i przedstawia antyczny i współczesny stan badań nad nimi. Wszelkie analizy są próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaka jest natura metrum, którego nie zdecydowali się zaadaptować do swej poezji Rzymianie i które nazywane jest „wiecznym zmartwieniem wersologii greckiej”. Przedstawiona w prezentowanej publikacji szczegółowa analiza daktyloepitrytycznych pieśni Bakchylidesa pokazuje zmiany, jakim pod wpływem koncepcji metrycznych filologów klasycznych ulegają zachowane na papirusach teksty, zanim trafią do rąk czytelnika w nowym, współczesnym wydaniu.
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