We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
This case study looks at how Russian television uses humour as a support mechanism for strategic communications with its audience, specifically on the issue of Western leaders, and endeavours to determine the essence of the core message. To do this, various Russian Perviy Kanal (Первый Канал/ Channel One) entertainment broadcasts specializing in comedy will be analysed.
More...
This case study examines the KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) TV show. This is the “post-1991 version of the Soviet-era show KVN, which achieved cult status among students, spawning a nationwide competition with teams from every Soviet republic competing against each other in leagues, forming panels of experts with socio-political satire skills”. KVN could be considered a phenomenon, having extended beyond being a TV show, it presents concerts in cities and runs local competitions in schools.
More...
Ukraine is a unique case for study as far as the use of humour as a strategic communication tool is concerned. Russia launched a massive information war against another country. During the first months after the annexation of Crimea and the war in Eastern Ukraine, there was no unified or coordinated approach to countering Russian propaganda. Furthermore, during the first phases of the war, civil and military volunteers, and the Ukrainian diaspora took the place of the official Ukrainian authorities in countering Russia’s information attacks. A horizontally organized, post-Euromaidan Ukrainian civil society had to combat Russia’s vertically constructed propaganda machine. That horizontally structured civil society provided such functions of humour as solidarity (belongingness) and stress-relief. As the information war progressed, Ukraine, a country with no real experience in counterpropaganda and with restricted financial capacity, had to learn how to fight back, literally from square one. That is why Ukraine counterpropaganda and use of humour were and still are more a product of a variety of independent and spontaneous initiatives, rather than a systemic approach. Nevertheless, the diverse landscape of humour in the Ukrainian media provides a rich source of information for the case study.
More...
Humour is a universal concept that has been analysed within different disciplines of social sciences. The study presented by a group of scholars aims to elaborate a multidisciplinary methodological framework that can be applied in the analysis of humour, particularly if researchers or practitioners are confronted with very large sets of data, as well as to the construction of humorous messages for strategic communication purposes. The methodological framework is not a template to follow when generating humorous stories or jokes, but rather a collection of the most relevant attributes of humour that can be combined in different groupings to achieve the initial strategic goal. In order to test the functioning of the methodological framework and identify its strengths and weaknesses, three case studies were conducted. The first case study, on the discrediting of Western political leaders in late-night shows broadcast by the central Russian TV channels, identified humour as a massive propaganda tool aimed at national and international audiences. The second case study dealt with KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) which is a TV-show and competition broadcast since the early 1970s. While the third case, focusing on the use of humour by the Ukrainian media, provides rich evidence on humour as a tool of counter-propaganda. The Ukrainian case also serves as an example of the role of humour in a situation of on-going information warfare. The following conclusions and recommendations were identified from the analyses of the three case studies.
More...
U poglavlju se opisuju osnovne karakteristike medijskog sistema Bosne i Hercegovine. Neprestano se ukazuje na jaz između zakonskih odredbi, koje u pravilu sublimiraju najnaprednija svjetska rješenja, i stvarnosti u kojoj mediji djeluju, a koja je snažno određena post-konfliktnom i tranzicijskom prirodom bosanskohercegovačkog društva. U prvom dijelu razmatra se opći regulatorni okvir za elektronske i štampane medije, zatim se, u drugoj sekciji, opisuje medijsko tržište. U trećem se dijelu portretiraju osnovne karakteristike medijskih sloboda kao i odgovornosti novinara i medija u BiH. U zaključnom razmatranju, snažno se zagovara prevazilaženje postojeće diskrepancije između „idealnog“ zakonskog okvira i nezadovoljavajućih praksi implementacije.
More...
The author presents the history of scientific reflection on the history of the Polish language situated in the context of positivist, structuralist, communicative and cultural-cognitivist paradigm in turn. In the closing remarks he highlights the polymethodology of the Polish language history, proving that the scientific paradigms coexisting on that ground today might remain in a nonantagonistic complementary relation, due to the fact that each of them might dominate a certain fragment of the history of the language as a heterogenous and multiperspective discipline.
More...
Bartłomiej Groicki and Paweł Szczerbic presented, in Polish, the principles of adapted Magdeburg law, which regulated legal proceedings and communication in the 16th-century municipal judiciary. Their ideas referring to language interaction were broad as they included the participants, space and time as well as text structures. Therefore, the codifiers created an optimal model of institutional communication used in courts which included discursive components and which they firmly introduced into jurisprudence. Codification proposed by Bartłomiej Groicki and Paweł Szczerbic was used during trials in municipal courts between the 16th and 18th centuries. Determining the extent to which that codification was used in courtroom communication is made possible thanks to surviving archived municipal books, compiled in many cities of the First Rzeczpospolita (Republic of Poland). However, the studies recreating the Old Polish language on the basis of these books would have to be aimed at text linguistics and pragmatics, which would include institutional parameters. Such analyses would result in recreating obligatory models of institutional communication used by Polish townspeople, which was influenced by German legislation.
More...
The article contains the analysis of individual properties of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s language based on the private correspondence addressed to his immediate family. The most important features of Sienkiewicz’s epistolary idiostyle are: emotionally marked lexical forms of colloquial provenance, represented mainly by idioms, colloquial lexis, especially diminutives, neologisms and terms of endearment. A peculiar element of Sienkiewicz’s writing is humor, sometimes also irony (self-irony).
More...
Article is devoted to the analysis of the seventeenth-century work by Erasmus Sixtus „O cieplicach we Śkle” („About baths at Śkło”), based on the first edition from 1617 and pays special attention to syncretism of the scientific and colloquial style. The observations concern the beginnings of scientific language in medicine and specifically in hydrotherapy.
More...
This paper deals with research into the process of evolution of speech genres and attempts to reflect the stages of the transformation of forms of expression representing mass communication since the beginning of its functioning until the present day. Thus, the author focused on a press release as a genre that already appeared in the oldest Polish newspaper, in “Merkuriusz”. The observation covered two stages of the development of the newspaper – the beginning – the seventeenth century and the end: contemporary times. Such an approach towards the text material helped the author compile and compare the constitutive features of the seventeenth-century press messages with the properties which the contemporary definitions and studies ascribe to this genre, and which are important for its development. Conclusions reflecting the evolution of the studied genres are supported by the fact that these periods were milestones in the development of the Polish press – the analysis included to a large extent the specificity of the state of development of the formal and technical means: in the seventeenth century the invention of printing and modernization of post offices were the state-of-the-art technologies, while nowadays these are the technical revolution and the internet.
More...
The subject of the paper are proper names appearing in Old-Polish idyll and noble poetry. Proper names in idyll and noble poetry prove certain similarities. In both domains appear topic names and – in different shape – realistic or authentic ones. In Old-Polish idyll the conventional proper names perform poetic function, constitute the context for described situations or created scenes, in which significant part concerns the body and sexual spheres of a human being life. On the other hand the noble discourse uses the topic names in the negative aspect and the background of the main idea of the discourse, which means the apology of life consistent with nature valorizing country life.
More...
Artykuł prezentuje najważniejsze kwestie związane z pisemnym i ustnym komunikowaniem w ramach PR. Omówiono zasady konstruowania tekstów PR-owych według formuły Rudolfa Flescha, znanej pod nazwą Flesch Readability, dla różnych typów wypowiedzi pisemnych, m.in. news release, information release, press release, press statement, information release, background release. Uwzględniając netykietę, przedstawiono główne reguły sztuki epistolograficznej, zwracając uwagę na najczęściej popełniane błędy. Nie lada wyzwaniem dla współczesnych PR-owców pozostaje stosowanie właściwych form językowych w mediach społecznościowych, które pomogą w budowaniu wizerunku przedsiębiorstwa i korzystnie wpływają na jego pozycjonowanie w przestrzeni publicznej. Zaproponowano wykorzystanie odpowiednich form językowych, które usprawniają komunikację i właściwe rozumienie treści adresowanych do wybranych grup targetowych.
More...
Rozwój współczesnych technologii komunikowania społecznego stwarza ogromne wyzwanie zarówno dla nadawców, jak i odbiorców komunikatów medialnych. Z jednej strony nadawca informacji (np. przedsiębiorstwo) ma do dyspozycji coraz więcej możliwości dotarcia do swoich interesariuszy, z drugiej zaś – interesariusze mogą korzystać z informacji, których źródłem jest nie tylko konkretne przedsiębiorstwo, ale także szeroko rozumiana opinia publiczna. Tym samym powstaje szereg (często niezależnych od przedsiębiorstwa) kanałów informowania interesariuszy. Współczesne relacje instytucji lub organizacji z mediami nie sprowadzają się jedynie do szeroko rozumianego informowania opinii publicznej, ale także do wnikliwego analizowania i reagowania na wszelkiego rodzaju komentarze (często wzbogacane dodatkowymi informacjami) pojawiające się w sieci. Trudno w pełni zgodzić się z głoszonymi publicznie opiniami o zaniku dotychczasowych form kontaktów instytucji (np. przedsiębiorstw) z interesariuszami. Współczesne technologie z zakresu komunikowania nie przyczyniają się do wyeliminowanie znanych dotychczas form komunikowania, lecz nadają im inny charakter. Zmuszają one nadawców i odbiorców komunikatów medialnych do przewartościowania wielu pojęć, a nawet zmiany sposobu myślenia o wielu problemach związanych ze skutecznością komunikowania społecznego. Nowe wyzwania są immanentną cechą współczesnego społeczeństwa. Autor porządkuje ten trudny obszar. Wprowadza czytelnika w wieloaspektowość pojęcia media relations. Wylicza i omawia formy kontaktów z mediami. Zbiera zasady kontaktów z mediami. Objaśnia, jak na media relations wpływają portale społecznościowe. Opisuje też instytucję rzecznika prasowego.
More...
The subject of the study is Vox (2018; Polish translation – 2019), the debut novel of Christina Dalcher, an American writer and linguist. The author presents the issues of interpersonal communication in a world in which some members of society (women) of a certain country have been allotted a daily word limit of 100 words. The novel concerns the problem of marginalization of a particular social group – determined by the criterion of biological sex – which confines them to the sphere of home, ultimately forcing women to withdraw from the public life. At the same time it touches upon a fundamental human characteristic: language and communication, which facilitate the creation of bonds in human societies. However, the curtailment of speech for one group has consequences for the communication process of the non-silenced group which has retained complete freedom of speech as well; after all, communication requires interaction and cooperation of at least two parties. The advantage of one party leads to the disappearance/destruction of dialogue, to authoritarian monologue. The novel is referred to as a feminist dystopia, a political novel, a novel of the Donald Trump era, a novel of the #MeToo era, a socially engaged, activist novel, a novel of manners, a linguistic thriller, a medical thriller. Each of these genological expressions directs the reading of Vox differently. Regardless of the readings, however, the novel remains a story about the premeditated atrophy of interpersonal communication.
More...
Purpose: The aim of the chapter is to present the competence patterns before and during the economic crisis and to determine the importance of individual competences for doing business in a turbulent environment. In many sectors of the economy, global changes triggered by Covid-19 called into question the use of existing sets of competences needed to run businesses effectively in supply chains. The continuous improvement of supply chains – or lean and agile management – will no longer work in current conditions. Faced with an increasingly unstable economy triggered by a global pandemic, many economists ask whether the existing competence patterns in companies or supply chains remain appropriate and proper for the current economic situation. Design/methodology/approach: In 2017, a survey was conducted among selected experts in the pharmaceutical sector. The same questionnaire distributed in September 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The experts were highly qualified managers employed in transnational companies. The 10 respondents were asked to indicate selected competencies. The choice of the pharmaceutical sector was motivated primarily by its specific characteristics as it is particularly important not only economically but also socially, by providing life-saving medicines. Findings: Technical competences are becoming the necessary ones. This is due to the need for self-sufficiency in lockdown situations, when it is difficult to find external employees and the possibility of outsourcing skills. In the case of managerial competence, it is clear that creativity and entrepreneurial thinking have increased in importance. When analyzing social competences, what comes to the fore is diversity of intercultural skills: foreign language skills, the ability to compromise, the ability to transfer knowledge, and finally, the ability to adapt to change. Originality and value: This chapter answer what competences seem necessary for future managers in the pharmaceutical industry in a turbulent environment, which is crucial for research and teaching centers who seek to educate future managers at the highest level of specific competences and skills. Due to the dynamic development of the industry, the text identifies the needs in the areas of technical, managerial, and social skills.
More...
Communication represents a process of interaction between people, groups, as a relation mediated through word, image, gesture, symbol or sign. Through it, individuals share their knowledge, experiences, interests, attitudes, feelings, opinions, ideas. Viewed as a process, communication consists in transmission and exchange of information (messages) between individuals. Communication means to tell those around you who you are, what you want, why you want a certain thing, and what are the means you will use to achieve your goals. Communication is defined as “a process through which a transmitter sends information to the receiver through a channel, in order to produce certain effects on the receiver.” In the present paper we analyze the most important types of communication: intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication, small group communication, public communication / in organizations and mass communication. The success of communication in organizations depends on its manager, who must be a true manager of his organization's communication system, and this requires a continuous effort on his part in accumulating knowledge and training skills in organizational and interpersonal communication
More...
The formative role of reading is obvious in today's society marked by unrest of all kinds. Reading can and must become a moral support in the turbulent times we live in. All generations can find in reading a continuous life partner, a necessary and surprising way out of the daily labyrinth. From a formative point of view, reading literary texts develops thinking, imagination and the ability to communicate, offering themes and topics for discussion and debate, so encouraging the act of reading must become an imperative of contemporaneity.
More...
Considering that, throughout history, no theme has been so impressive and interpreted in such a variety as that of the Inquisition, in this study I will explain some issues regarding the ways of communication of people involved in this phenomenon, both clergy as laity. As sources of research on ways of communication we have the collections of laws and decrees, papal bulls, church canons, council acts, monastic annals, histories of local communities and abbeys, minutes of trials, sentences of inquisitorial trials, biographies of bishops, popes, various panegyric etc.
More...
This paper reflects the theoretical and practical ideas following the role of the symbol in visual communication and comprehension the transmitted message. The aim is assimilation of essential knowledge needed in the process of visual communication of architecture students in higher education institutions. The paper provides a clearer picture regarding the perception of visual language, comparing the cultural universe of the sign. The semiotic system, the signs and symbols that are conveyed over time are thoroughly analyzed. We propose to show how the theoretical positions are applied to the material of different visual forms, especially architectural.
More...
