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Stolen Identity: The Armenian People

Author(s): Iris Mihai,Adrian-Cosmin Basarabă / Language(s): English Issue: 180-181/2014

This paper analyses the factors that have shaped the Armenian identity over time, based on the main historical events and strategic actors who made their contribution to the becoming of the Armenian people and their identity. The central issue of the article is the Armenian genocide which had a major influence on the way that Armenians see themselves and the world around them, today. The study revealed that not only the genocide that happened almost a century ago, had a major impact on the Armenian identity, but also the current recognition or denial of facts by the contemporary world. In this respect, the role of the Diaspora proved priceless, because they were the ones that pressured their host countries to recognize the genocide and to support Armenia. The topic is presented form a phenomenological perspective, trying to capture the human experience in the way it was perceived by the Armenian people.

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Aspecte problematice şi posibile soluţii privind modelele de regionalizare în Uniunea Europeană

Author(s): Angela Ramona Dumitru,Adrian-Cosmin Basarabă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 180-181/2014

Over the past five decades there have been regionalization bills in Europe, more or less successful. The representative ones for the subject in question are those elaborated in Francophile and Francophone countries such as: the Bill concerning the Regionalization of France (April 27th 1969); The Egmont Pact, Belgium (May 24th 1977); the Regionalization of Poland, coordinated by Jerzy Buzek (January 1999); the Bill regarding the Regionalization of Romania (2013). In 2013 Romania, the division of the national territory in eight regions has some objectives that seem to be taken from the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The Gaullist pattern of regionalization and the manner in which it operationalizes the sharing of competences between regions and departments, the common elements between the current Romanian political scene and the Belgian Egmont Pact, the supremacy of some cities that are apparently more insignificant to the detriment of others according to the Polish model, all these represent problematic aspects that demand pertinent solutions within the project of regionalization of Romania.

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Nicolae Ceaușescu şi Santiago Carrillo. Despre reforma internaţionalismului comunist

Author(s): Cezar Stanciu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 180-181/2014

This article analyzes the close relations developed between the Romanian and Spanish Communist parties in the context of the Soviet-led intervention in Czechoslovakia. It explores the similarities and differences between the visions of Nicolae Ceaușescu and Santiago Carrillo on the reform of the world Communist movement and also the new meaning attributed by both to proletarian internationalism. Drawing on transcripts of their conversations in crucial political moments, the article reveals how Eastern and Western Communists found ways to work together in order to undermine Soviet control over world Communism.

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O societate distopică a contemporaneităţii: Cambodgia khmerilor roşii.Scurte consideraţii

Author(s): Hadrian Gorun / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 180-181/2014

This study tries to point out just a few of the most important characteristics of the toughest totalitarian regime of the contemporary period, that of the Cambodia’s Khmer Rouges. I underlined the main particularities that make it quite different from other Communist regimes of the XX-th century. I attempted also to establish a few connections and similarities with the belletristic literature, mainly with George Orwell’s work. In my approach, I started from the premise that the British writer was known as one of the most famous authors of anti-utopian novels. With the aid of the belletristic writing, I tried also to use an interdisciplinary approach.

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Războiul de independență al Turciei şi efectele sale

Author(s): Alexandru-Nicolae Cucu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 180-181/2014

At the end of the First World War, the Ottoman Empire collapsed and the Great Powers came to take the control of its territories. Having a strategic position at the southern gate of Europe, all of Turkish lands were very important for the First World War winners, both to secure European borders and to develop the trade between Europe and Middle East. On the other side, under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk command, a new Turkey with a strong nationalist way decided to fight for emancipating. Winning the war with the Great Powers not only in a military way, but also from a diplomatic perspective, the new Turkey became a modern regional power, having institutions and laws that assured its prosperity and security. Taking into consideration the independence war evolution, this paper wants also to show the diplomatic capability of Turkish leaders to balance between powers involved in the region.

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Etnia şi naţiunea în filosofia politică a statelor balcanice şi est-europene – 1880-1940

Author(s): Enache Tușa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 180-181/2014

Starting with the years 1829-1830 after the conclusion of The Treaty of Adrianople, the political and economical relations undergo modifications amid the Greek issue and acceleration of the disintegration process of The Ottoman Empire. This geopolitical and economical context favoured the appearance of a very interesting ethno-political mosaic in the Balkan Peninsula because it was about the issue of ethnical balance within the context of Ottoma authority disappearance. This is the general context of emergence of new states in East Europe as it was the case with Bulgaria, Albania, Serbia, Romania.

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Ceauşescu şi sindicatul Solidaritatea

Author(s): Ilarion Ţiu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 180-181/2014

On 21 of August 1989, when Tadeusz Mazowiecki – one of the leader of the „Solidarity“ trade union (Solidarność) – was appointed to lead the Government, Poland made an important step in falling out the totalitarianism. This event wired the leaders form the Communist Block, who were witnessing how the power get out of their hands. Nicolae Ceaușescu, considered the last conservative leader form Eastern Europe, got wise to the news from Poland. He called an emergency meeting of the Political Executive Committee of Romanian Communist Party in order to blame the „involvement“ of „American imperialists“ in domestic policy of the Government from Warsaw. He was also angry to Polish comrades who did not succeed to pull down the influence of Solidarność during the last ten years. Ceaușescu called in the action the states bellow the Iron Curtain in order to defend the socialism in Poland.

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GLOBALNI INDEKS INOVATIVNOSTI: KOMPARATIVNI PRIKAZ INOVACIONIH KOMPONENTI ZEMALJA REGIONA

Author(s): Sanja Prodanović,Siniša Milošević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

Innovation is desirable and necessary tool in developing the global economy and innovativeness itself is one of the most important characteristics of the business in the global market focused on adapting environment changes, usage of business opportunities and building knowledge. Furthermore, innovativeness is a dynamic category that includes the assessment of the future prospects of innovative activities which led to its priority strategic positioning as an important factor and consequently to the innovation process as being an inevitable part of working and developing models of the economy of each country. Countries in the region are under constant pressure from worsening external (global) conditions, which subsequently have a negative impact on all sectors of the economy, weakening the economic base, further increasing in unemployment, poverty and etc. In order to alleviate the impact of this expansion, the tendency is to create a number of policies that would help to stabilize the economy, encourage their growth and improve the competitive position and image of each country. One of these policies is the policy of RDI (eng. Research, Development, Innovation), which will be observed in detail in this paper through the prism of global innovation index and perspectives that would have integrated policy of RDI for countries in the region.

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KONCEPTUALNI OKVIR ZA KREIRANJE STRATEGIJE ODRŽIVOG RASTA SLOŽENOG PREDUZEĆA

Author(s): Momir Lazarević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

By its complexity, diversity and problems, a large, diversified company is „a small economy“, and the management of its business involves sophisticated and varied fund of management knowledge. Motifs, directions and methods of business development should be harmonized with the boundaries of economic, managerial, financial, and technological and market optimum. All this should be done effectively involving the capitalization of visible and invisible impulses from the environment. Hence each step in improving management of developed operations is noteworthy and as such can be used to develop the business and the macro-economy. In the description of large and complex companies the terms such as mega companies, polyglot, octopus organizations, transnational and international company are used, and this study may be useful for both science and business practices precisely in the field of development and integration of micro and macro, and affirmation in perception of social and ethical responsibilities of modern business.

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EKONOMETRIJSKI MODEL LIČNE POTROŠNJE

Author(s): Slađana Paunović,Mira Pešić - Andrijić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

Aggregate consumer spending is the major part of total consumption, and thus it is the most important factor in the economic development of every country. Therefore, the theoretical and empirical research on personal spending is significant for determining its present and future features, content and size. The econometric methodology is inevitable to gain this knowledge. The theoretical and econometric contributions of "random walk model" are investigated and analyzed herein, including utility optimization and life cycle econometric model.

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KRITIČKI OSVRT NA PRIMENU MYERS-COHN-OVOG MODELA ZA ODREĐIVANJE MARGINE PROFITA U NEŽIVOTNOM OSIGURANJU

Author(s): Mirela Mitrašević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

Determining a margin profit in an individual type of insurance presents one of the problems that actuarial science has been trying to solve for some time. A profit margin is determined by the price of capital allocated to an individual type of insurance. Determining a profit margin is conditioned by how much capital is needed to decrease the uncertainty of the insurance results and by how long capital needs to be tied to an individual type of insurance. The insurer must secure the legal solvency margin and at the same time he must meet the requirements of his shareholders by making it possible for a share price to go up. Unless a satisfactory profitability is secured and unless a product price makes up for the slow increase in the price of capital, shareholders will be less interested in investing into an insurance company. Therefore, it is essential to consider the ways in which to allocate to individual types of insurance the costs of having one’s own capital. Several financial models were developed in order to determine a profit margin. This paper presents the Myers-Cohn model of a discounted cash flow.

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ŠVALERI: EKSPERTNI SISTEMI SU ULOVILI SVOJ PLIJEN A POSLIJE SU BRZO „HVATALI MAGLU“

Author(s): Zoltan Baračkai,Jolán Velencei / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 8/2014

Expert Systems (ES) have been developed by small laboratories or passionate individuals and they were financed from R&D funds. At some times it was even done in "free time". Thus, the ES shell completed with a report on the completed work. If there had been any application, then it was as much as promised to get a pass for the completed project. If we understand the environment, then we would not be surprised at the current computer-human relationship.

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KORUPCIJA KAO EKONOMSKI I POLITIČKI PROBLEM

Author(s): Aleksandar Stojanović,Njegoš Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

Authors are reluctant to put quasi-fiscal activities of the state and the parallel economy in a textbook or literature because they are phenomena difficult to quantify, and it is mainly the damage caused to the entire system of public finance that is generally estimated. The reasons why we have chosen this chapter is twofold: 1) domestic and foreign public point out to enormous extent and consequences of this phenomenon in our country; 2) the fight against this phenomenon is a mandatory pre-requisite towards the European Union. Corruption in BiH has been recognized as a significant problem, and it is considered as one of the key obstacles to the progress of the country towards the European Union. The gravity of the situation is accentuated in the Report of the Commission of the European Communities on Progress of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2008, which states: "Corruption is widespread and remains a serious problem, especially within government."

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PROŠIRIVANJE I PRODUBLJIVANJE TRŽIŠTA OBVEZNICA U NASTAJANJU S CILJEM DALJEG RAZVOJA I POVEĆANJA NJIHOVE STABILNOSTI

Author(s): Nermina R. Pobrić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

Along with the implementation of activities aimed at further development of emerging bond markets, it is also necessary to intensively work in order to increase their stability and liquidity. Determinants of emerging bond market stability are macroeconomic and political (in)stability, (in)stability of the financial system, and the width and depth of the debt market. Therefore, by influencing on the partial determinants of, among others, the width and depth of the debt market, level of development of market participants base and the integrity and level of development of market infrastructure and market regulation, stability of emerging bond markets may be increased.

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MODELIRANJE ROČNE STRUKTURE KAMATNIH STOPA NA BAZI JEDNOFAKTORSKOG VASIČEK MODELA

Author(s): Vesna Prorok / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

The interest rates and models of their dynamics have become one of the most important areas of modern financial theory in the last two decades. Although the appearance of financial derivatives on fixed-income securities has contributed greatly to the development of more innovative and more precise models that describe the dynamics of interest rates, however, there are still some original and simpler models which have not been forgotten. Vasicek model, which is shown in this paper, is one of the first and most popular interest rate models, which, due to its simplicity, is still actively used. The aim of this paper is to show the way in which one-factor Vasicek model is used in the formation of the term structure of interest rates, as well as to show how to estimate the parameters of this model using historical data of interest rates. Estimation of the parameters is shown in a series of simulated data using the method of least squares and maximum likelihood estimation method.

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ADVANTAGES OF CROWDFUNDING AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF FINANCING OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES

Author(s): Zorica Golić / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2014

The lack of funding, and limited access to it are the basic problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Given the great role and importance of SMEs in every national economy, any progress in solving these problems in terms of creating and finding alternative sources of funding should attract great attention in both professional and scientific and the wider socio-political communities. Crowdfunding is an innovative and relatively new concept that connects entrepreneurs and investors through the Internet. This method allows the entrepreneurs to collect funds through the Internet by "open invitation" to finance their projects/ventures and thus raise the necessary funds by relatively small contributions of a relatively large number of investors. As such, crowdfunding is a fast-growing model increasingly debated of in academic circles and the European institutions. This paper will consider crowdfunding as an alternative means of financing SMEs and try to give different aspects of crowdfunding - and explain how it works, what are the advantages of using it for SMEs and thus expand the knowledge on the topic.

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CROATIA’S ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE FUTURE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Author(s): Erkan Ilgün,Adnan Murad / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2014

Whenever a country joins European Union, there are some effects, which not only change the game for entering country but also for third non member countries. The foremost objective of this paper is to examine the possible effects of Croatian joining the European Union on the foreign trade between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The core assumption is that Croatian accession to the EU has negative effects on the trade between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina because Croatia is not giving preferential treatment to BH market. To maintain its export market share in the Croatian market, Bosnia and Herzegovina has to show high level of competitiveness.

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KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA UPRAVLJAČKIH MODELA U SLUŽBAMA ZA ZAPOŠLJAVANJE

Author(s): Ranko Markuš / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the practice of monitoring the effects of selected employment services across Europe, as well as the identification of key elements, with the aim of encouraging the dissemination of good practice between employment services. The research aims to launch a professional discussion in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where there is no system to monitor the performance of employment services. The organization of employment services in the majority of cases reflects the constitutional order and the achieved level of decentralization. In order to comprehend all quality models, the comparative analysis included the following countries: Austria, Germany (services are provided at state and municipal levels), Switzerland (federal system), Belgium (regional regulation) and Denmark (services are provided exclusively at the local level). Although the goals are set in different ways from country to country, measuring the effects in all countries becomes an imperative of the service, in order to obtain accurate data on the activities that produce results. Both quantitative and qualitative tools are used to measure and manage the effects. Quantitative methods give more reliable information about the results because they exclude the impact of external factors (beyond the control of the service) on the final outcome. However, qualitative analyses are needed to identify which elements of individual practices are especially important for customers and for its success.

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DOES ECONOMIC INEQUALITY BOOSTS ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

Author(s): Zoran Borović / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2014

In this paper we will present the results of our survey on economic inequality, and its impact on economic growth in the Republic of Srpska. Here, we will express inequality as unequal distribution of the results and conditions of economic activity. To measure economic inequality we will use Theil's T index. Our basic assumption is that unequal distribution of the results and conditions of economic activity, all in favor of the real sector of the economy, will lead to the real GDP growth. We find that unequal distribution of the results of the economic activity have positive impact on GDP growth, and that unequal distribution of the conditions of economic activity has negative impact on GDP growth. Our results shows that the economy of the Republic of Srpska is full of anomalies.

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LIZING POSLOVI

Author(s): Damjan Danilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2014

Leasing business was unnamed in our legal system for a long time, whereas it was present in other legal systems for several decades. In 2007, the National Assembly of the Republic of Srpska adopted Law on Financial Leasing. There are new conditions regarding the persons dealing with leasing and the form of a contract. The aim of this paper is to analyse specificities of this contract, its important characteristics and legal relations.

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