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Applying the PERMA model in employee wellbeing

Author(s): Artur Wilczyński,Ewa Kołoszycz / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: dimensions of wellbeing; effects of wellbeing; dimensions of the PERMA model; positive psychology; positive education; wellbeing activities

The aim of this study is to define the essence of wellbeing in employee management, and present the functionality of the PERMA model in positive psychology. The first part of the study describes the multidimensionality of the concept of wellbeing and the difficulties in defining it. An important element of the conducted analysis is the presentation of the positive effects of the implementation of wellbeing in organisations, including elements of wellbeing dimensions and activities affecting wellbeing, while the most important part of the article is the diagnosis of the applicability of the PERMA model in the study of employee wellbeing and positive education. Different elements of the model are described and the latest solutions with regards to its improvement are presented. An analysis of the literature showed that a model with four additional dimensions - physical health, mindset, work environment and economic security - may be the most useful for analysing employee wellbeing. The next part of this publication is devoted to the use of the PERMA model in the classification of interventions, where we show that the model not only enables diagnosis of the weaknesses of wellbeing, but even facilitates the assigning of specific interventions. These solutions make it possible to build wellbeing that positively impacts employee behaviour, with the authors indicating discrepancies in the activities undertaken by organisations and the needs of employees with regards to wellbeing. The findings suggest that employees expect activities related to the development of their mental dimension and economic security, not necessarily related to physical health, which are most commonly implemented by organisations.

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Artificial Intelligence - an agenda for management sciences

Author(s): Szymon Jarosz / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; management; literature review; agenda; keywords analysis

Nowadays, the need for digitisation and digitalisation of enterprises, as well as the use of solutions based on Artificial Intelligence (AI), are coming to the fore. The use of intelligent systems in organisations is not a strictly technical issue, and is also important in the management of modern enterprises. The aim of this article is to provide a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of Artificial Intelligence in management sciences by means of a systematic review of the literature using Scopus database records. Bibliographic analysis of Artificial Intelligence in management sciences in this article points to this topic as something relatively new in the case of management sciences, although rapidly developing. As part of the bibliographic analysis we propose an agenda regarding the issue of AI in management sciences, consisting of thematic clusters related to technologies based on and complementary to AI, the goals of using AI in organisations, human-AI relations and issues related to ethics and sustainable development.

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Do Polish tourists want wellbeing tourism? Preferences for wellbeing tourism versus the psychological wellbeing of individuals

Author(s): Anna Młynkowiak-Stawarz / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: wellbeing tourism; psychological wellbeing; preferences of tourists; nature tourism; cultural tourism

This paper is part of a study on the impact of tourism experiences on the psychological wellbeing of individuals. Integrating the approach of positive psychology and research on tourists’ behaviour within the field of marketing, Caroll Ryff's concept of psychological wellbeing and the concept of wellbeing tourism were used for this purpose. The aim of the research was to investigate differences in the level of perceived psychological wellbeing by tourists preferring different types of wellbeing tourism, and the article presents theoretical and practical premises for defining wellbeing tourism. Wellbeing tourism can be defined as a specific type of tourism based on six pillars that ensure a sustainable approach to travel and leisure - simultaneous care for the body, soul, and mind of the tourist, as well as the environment, society, and economy of the destination area. Through analysis of variance, it was found that these differences are significant for those preferring natural and cultural wellbeing tourism, and they are also influenced by the perception of one's financial situation. Applying the results of the study will enable tourism enterprises to design an offer for tourists that will increase their sense of psychological wellbeing.

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Business model transformation during the COVID-19 pandemic - example of the automotive industry

Author(s): Emilia Dobrowolska,Piotr Sliż / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: business model; business model transformation; dealership; automotive industry; COVID-19

This article explores the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the business models of automotive-sector organizations, specifically authorized passenger car dealerships in Poland. The research aims to determine how business models were transformed during the pandemic. The research methods used include a literature review and opinion polls. The article begins by discussing the significance and evolution of business models and changes in the automotive sector. The results focus on how the pandemic brought about change in business models in the automotive sector, and the conclusion includes information as to limitations and further areas of study.

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Do companies that generate profits make economic value added?

Author(s): Robert Zenzerović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: economic value added (EVA); EVA per business entity; EVA/total assets; EVA/capital employed net income/loss; NOPAT; EBITDA; net income/loss

This paper focuses on determining the differences between economic value added (EVA), net operating profit after tax (NOPAT), earnings before interest and taxes (EBITDA), and net income or loss for non-financial business entities operating in the Republic of Croatia in the period 2002–2021. The main objective of this paper is to determine whether non-financial activities create economic value added, and rank them according to selected indicators based on EVA. Research results indicate that there were only 27 out of 309 cases where EVA was positive, indicating that only the information and communication sector generated, on average, positive EVA during this twenty-year period. Positive EVA was generated in certain years in companies conducting human health and social work activities, education, mining, and quarrying, as well as in wholesale and retail trade activities, but the average EVA for this twenty-year period in these sectors was negative. At the same time, net income was achieved in 246 cases, and NOPAT in 285. Meanwhile, EBITDA was positive in all cases, demonstrating an obvious discrepancy between EVA and other financial performance measures. Correlation analysis results indicate that there is a statistically significant moderate correlation between EVA and net income/loss, although the correlation is generally stronger between EVA and EBITDA-based indicators. According to research results, the answer to the question in the title of this paper is negative, emphasizing the possibilities of intensive introduction of EVA as a financial performance indicator.

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Key productivity factors in drug discovery and development projects

Author(s): Magdalena Marciniak / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: drug discovery; drug development; innovation; productivity; R&D; project management

The field of health care is an important element of the economic and social life of every country in the world combining demographic, economic and epidemiological, ethical and social challenges. Spending on the development of new therapies has been increasing over the past two decades, and the amount of drugs approved by regulatory agencies has remained stable. Literature does not provide adequate knowledge about the reasons of the productivity drop that impacts the competitive advantage of the companies taking part in the project’s race to the market (Schuhmacher et al., 2022), and it therefore seems crucial to analyse the factors determining high productivity of the pharmaceutical industry to adjust further actions ensuring the highest quality of health care systems, focusing on the wellbeing of the patient and the development of increasingly safer medicines. To address this need the author performed systematic literature review followed by structured interviews with 14 experts working globally in the field of drug development to determine productivity factors in drug discovery research and development projects, with the goal of answering questions related to which factors play a key role in the productivity of scientific organisations and the relationship between the factors, providing an insight into which parts of drug discovery ecosystem can increase a chance to address highly unmet medical needs of patients waiting for novel, safe and effective forms of treatment. As a result of the research 22 key productivity factors were defined and clustered into 4 categories: scientific, managerial, business, environmental and relations between the factors were discussed.

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Organization of urban space in the northern part of the ancient town at Marina el Alamein: some remarks following the 2021 field season

Author(s): Krzysztof Jakubiak / Language(s): English / Issue: XXXI/2022

Keywords: Roman architecture; urban space; urban planning; dwelling houses; Marina el-Alamein; Greek-Roman period;

Recent excavations in the northern part of the Marina el-Alamein archaeological site have uncovered architectural features shedding light on the functioning of this part of the town located close to the putative harbor. It now appears to have been a residential district of an affluent elite, exemplified by House H39 incorporating a small bathhouse. In view of these findings, the location in this part of the town of a large house with a commemorative complex dedicated to the Commodus cult, together with an adjoining banquet hall, does not seem to be accidental.

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Alexandria, Kom el-Dikka, season 2021

Author(s): Grzegorz Majcherek / Language(s): English / Issue: XXXI/2022

Keywords: Egypt; Alexandria; Kom el-Dikka; Roman period; domestic architecture; floor mosaics; Roman pottery;

Excavations of the central part of the Kom el-Dikka archaeological site in Alexandria have reached early Roman levels and the current investigations of the PCMA UW expedition are focused on completing the excavation of some of the partly uncovered architecture. The southwestern part of House FA was explored, uncovering two fragments of colourful mosaic floors. Building chronology was established based on finds from two deep stratigraphic probes dug inside the structure. The main phases of occupation of House FA turned out to be comprised in a period between the 1st and 3rd centuries CE. The archaeological part of the program was accompanied by current preservation and maintenance work that the team is tasked with in different parts of the site; necessary preservation projects were undertaken this year in the theatre, the portico in front of the theatre and the early Roman buildings in the central part of the site. The mosaics on display in the mosaic shelter have also undergone cyclical conservation treatment.

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Glass finds from Area F (Houses FA and FB) at the Kom el-Dikka site in Alexandria (season 2021)

Author(s): Renata Kucharczyk / Language(s): English / Issue: XXXI/2022

Keywords: Alexandria; Roman glass; colourless glass; gold-inglass beads;

The collection of early to mid-Roman glasses from the Kom el-Dikka site in Alexandria has been augmented by new finds from the excavation of substantial remains of Roman domestic architecture (Houses FA and FB) in Sector F in the central part of the site. The range of vessel forms in this new set is not extensive, and shapes known from previous investigations in this sector are repeated to a degree. The most noteworthy contribution is the new data on colourless glassware of the period, a category that has hitherto been represented by a rather limited number of finds from the excavations, and which constitutes key evidence of artisanal activities in the final occupation phase of the Roman houses here.

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THE PINK ARCHE. THE FIRST PRINCIPLE OF THE POSTHUMAN REALITY IN THE ANTHROPOCENE AND SUPERFLEX’S „PINK ELEMENTS“ AS A POSSIBLE REPRESENTATION OF IT

Author(s): Marco INNOCENTI / Language(s): English / Issue: 42/2022

Keywords: arche; posthumanism; Anthropocene; hyperobjects; environment;

This article will argue the suitability of the Pink Elements (2019) by SUPERFLEX for representing the elementary particles of our posthuman reality, intended from a cultural perspective. Firstly, it will address the ‚bit’, deemed by some as the current arche, revealing its limits in the light of the Niche Construction Theory applied to humans. Then, I will try to demonstrate that the relational dimension corresponds to reality as we perceive it after postmodernity. Therefore, I will analyse the dynamics of the human-environment relationship in the geological era called ‚Anthropocene’ by comparing Merleau-Ponty’s perception and Morton’s hyperobjects. Finally, I will give some examples of recent artworks reflecting this relationship, synthesisable as a ‚recording of a non-deciphered text’, among which the Pink Elements will stand out as bricks capable of representing the ultimate substance of reality as the posthuman culture shows it to us.

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MATTER’S PERFORMANCE IN CHRISTOPH SCHLINGENSIEF’S “ANIMATOGRAPHISCHE EDITIONEN”

Author(s): Katherine POLLOCK / Language(s): English / Issue: 42/2022

Keywords: aesthetics; posthumanism; new materialism; posthumanist performativity; participation; spectatorship; autopoiesis; sympoiesis;

German director Christoph Schlingensief’s Animatographische Editionen (2004-06) included a series of three geographically-distinct labyrinthine walkthrough installations with a constellation of rooms and rotating platforms, leading to an Animatograph – a spinning carousel of material upon which videos were projected. Diverging from the current tendency in Schlingensief scholarship towards Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory, this paper focuses on the role of material in the Animatograph to show how it sympoietically enfolds autopoietic systems of communication. In particular, I investigate how humans explored the installations’ tight spaces, foul smells, swirling sights and cacophony of sounds, transforming materials and animals into performers. To do so, I derive concepts from Rebecca Schneider, Karen Barad and Donna Haraway to argue that in the encounter with the human, matter looks, touches back, and performs. In addition to providing a compelling site to investigate the intra-active entanglements of humans, animals, and materials in an aesthetic context, Schlingensief’s Animatograph allows us to see the ongoing (re)configuration of these entanglements, putting posthumanist performativity on display and highlighting the aesthetic contributions of the non-human.

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STORYTELLING AND ADVICE: CONSTRUCTING THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF EATING DISORDERS ONLINE

Author(s): CAROLINA FIGUERAS BATES / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: storytelling; advice; lived experience; eating disorders; online forum;

Online peer support groups encourage individuals to tell their stories and to find validation and emotional comfort when reading about the stories of others. Coincidently, lived expe- riences are the kind of knowledge applied to solicit and to deliver peer advice. This study examines the relationship between storytelling and advice in an English speaking online forum that provides support for those with an eating disorder (ED). The results revealed a range of different types of narratives within the data, from more elaborate testimonials of the ED and the process of recovery to brief personal passages responding to the first poster. The Labovian narrative structure appeared in a number of the first stories, whereas two main configurations, contingent upon the kind of response offered, emerged in second stories: parallel assessments (or snapshots) and success stories. Parallel assessments consti- tuted self-centred stories and did not include any advice provision. Success stories, instead, became an essential component of the advice-giving act since they were remedial. The solu- tion proposed by responders to the problem posed by the first poster was organized either to offer tips (that is, a series of practical recommendations to address a specific ED or recovery issue) or to deliver thoughtful advice through a resolutive story that introduced the state of recovery as a real possibility. Both parallel assessments and resolutive stories included con- trasting resonances in relation to the first story. Resolutive stories encompassed resonating elements whose meanings were transformed and (re)signified from the positioning of a sub- ject moving towards recovery. However, snapshots echoed specific key expressions from the initiating post. The goal was to display alignment with the first teller by describing a similar I-perspective experience. Taken together, the individual small stories contributed to the co- construction of a multiple-lived story with regard to the ED in the online community.

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EMOTION AND OPINION IN ONLINE TABLOIDS AND BROADSHEETS

Author(s): Petra Peldová / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: emotion; opinion; lexicogrammatical patterns; local grammar; evaluation;

This paper is a corpus-based study focusing on implicit evaluation expressed in newspaper discourse, namely, the semantic mapping of emotion and opinion. The corpus, compiled of online “front page” newspaper articles from both selected tabloids (The Sun, The Ex- press, The Mirror) and broadsheets (The Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent) was used to answer three research questions: 1) Is evaluation markedly expressed in newspaper discourse? 2) What linguistic means are typical for construing evaluation in newspaper discourse? 3) Is there a difference between the tabloids and the broadsheets regarding the way in which/how evaluation is conveyed/employed? To answer these questions, a pilot keyword study on only six articles was carried out (one article from each of the aforemen- tioned newspapers). The findings confirmed the importance of adjectives in expressing evaluation. Following this, a large study was conducted to detect local grammar adjecti- val lexicogrammatical patterns, introduced by Hunston (2000) and further amended by Bednarek (2007, 2009). These patterns, which are known for carrying the evaluative load, were analyzed in terms of frequency and function. It was observed that there is a differ- ence in expressing evaluation between the tabloids and the broadsheets. However, more significant differences were found between the broadsheet newspapers themselves.

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ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON MEDICAL YOUTUBE CHANNELS

Author(s): Anna Tereszkiewicz / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: medical communication; popularization; engagement; YouTube;

The study focuses on the strategies of engagement employed by medical doctors in YouTube videos. The goal of the analysis is to investigate multimodal strategies used in selected videos on the most popular medical YouTube channels in Poland. The study is conducted against a theoretical background that considers previous research on en- gagement strategies in science and popularization discourse (Hyland 2010; Luzón 2015, 2019; Sokół 2018). Engagement strategies involving reader pronouns, directives, ques- tions, shared knowledge as well as humour, expression of opinions and emotions are investigated, as well as headings, visuals and music. The analysis reveals that medical doctors employ a vast array of diverse engagement strategies which do not form a uni- fied set of practices across the channels. The differences concern the frequency and type of strategies, such as the use of headings, visuals, special effects and music. The study also reveals considerable differences between the videos as to the degree to which the authors exploit the affordances of the audio-visual medium. The formats of the videos comprise both the more traditional, such as slides with a voice-over, as well as more novel approaches, such as presentation films. The strategies employed show that the authors attempt to form a distinctive and recognizable style of interaction with the audience.

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BEYOND MERE FACTS: EPISTEMIC PROFILES OF CONCLUSIONS TO ENGLISH- AND POLISH-LANGUAGE LINGUISTICS ARTICLES

Author(s): Krystyna Warchał / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: stance; epistemic modality; research articles; conclusions; rhetorical moves;

Expressions of epistemic stance in academic discourse reflect not only the authors’ com- mitment to the truth of what is being said, but also their awareness of other members of the discourse community, the current thinking within the discipline, and the established patterns of interaction. Stance-taking is strongly embedded in culture and language, as demonstrated in numerous studies that focus on L2 academic English (e.g. Hinkel 2002; Dontcheva-Navratilova 2018; Wu and Paltridge 2021) and, less often, academic communication in various linguistic contexts (e.g. Perez-Llantada 2010). This paper pur- sues this latter line of inquiry and proposes a contrastive analysis of epistemic markers in conclusions to English- and Polish-language linguistics articles in an attempt to iden- tify their epistemic profiles. Epistemic profile refers here to a combination of two fea- tures: the epistemic modal value (Halliday 1985/1994) which is marked more frequently than others across a text or text fragment, and the concurrence of modality markers with specific rhetorical moves (Swales 1990; Yang and Allison 2003). Thus, it provides information about the value of modalization and the type of content that tends to be modalized. The analysis was based on a two-part corpus of conclusions to 400 linguistics articles, with 200 English-language articles drawn from international databases and 200 Polish-language articles published in recognized national journals. In the first stage, the frequencies of epistemic markers in the two sub-corpora were calculated (Scott 2008) and a statistical analysis was applied to determine whether the differences were signifi- cant. In the second stage, 50 concluding sections from each sub-corpus were manually annotated for rhetorical moves to determine whether epistemic markers tended to occur within specific moves. The findings show statistically significant differences in the fre- quencies of high- and low-value epistemic markers in the sub-corpora and a tendency for epistemic markers to occur within moves that offer interpretive content.

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FORMULATING HYPOTHETICAL TALK: AN ACTION-DRIVEN APPROACH TO COMMUNICATING STANCE IN BUSINESS MEETINGS

Author(s): Helena Lohrová,ALMUT KOESTER / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: business meetings; formulations; hypothetical talk; stance triangle; evaluation;

The article focuses on the deployment of hypothetical talk in the CANBEC and CCI cor- pora of business meetings and examines its use as a discursive tool for communicating stance in encounters where participants represent (potentially) incompatible positions. Through the use of hypothetical talk, interactants signal the potential for agreement and resolution by testing the other participants’ position and their preparedness to shift their view. It is argued that although talk introduced to the meeting may be hypothetical, the stance communicated is real. The analysis provides insights into actions applied to re- solve impasse or conflict situations, particularly through the rhetorical move of formu- lating. Formulating aims to resolve or summarize talk at a particular instance in time. The act of formulating requires an evaluative step on the part of the participants in order to consider their contributions or their opposition to the formulation. It is, therefore, of interest to examine how talk that is known to be hypothetical – hence essentially unreal, speculative, potentially untrue or even counterfactual – can be allowed to feature in meetings discourse and to influence a meeting’s outcome. Two theoretical models were applied to understand this – Du Bois’s (2007) “stance triangle” and Hunston’s (1989, 1994, 2011) three functions of evaluation. These offered a new perspective on the role of hypothetical talk in business meetings, where, as the results demonstrate, hypotheticaltalk is used to signal stance, test that of the other participants, and advance the speakers’ goals. By integrating the two models and applying them in order to understand how hypothetical talk is formulated in business meetings, it was possible to conceptualize the process through which meeting participants evaluate and act upon talk, by making “real life decisions” upon information which has initially been introduced to the meet- ing as hypothetical.

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INDIRECT EVIDENTIALITY AND THE EXPRESSION OF THE SPEAKER’S STANCE IN ROMANIAN

Author(s): Cecilia-Mihaela Popescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: indirect evidentiality; inferential evidentiality; quotative evidentiality; Romanian language; grammaticalization process;

The study aims to emphasize how lexical particles and grammatical constructions ex- press indirect evidentiality and the speaker’s stance in Romanian. As with the other Ro- mance languages, Romanian contains the grammatical means to express the speaker’s knowledge source, such as the Conditional Mood, a prototypical quotative/reportative evidential marking, or the Subjunctive and the Future, which, together with the Presump- tive, a modal form specific to this linguistic system alone, function as markers of indirect evidentiality of the inferential type. Additionally, each of these forms can be augmented by a rich lexicalized system of adverbs and particles. For example, pesemne [‘probably’, literally on + signs], poate [‘may be’; a regressive form from the third person singular of the verb a se putea < Late Latin *potere (Classical Latin posse)], probabil [‘proba- bly’, < a borrowing from the Fr. probable and the Lat. probabilis] are lexical particles of inferential evidentiality, and cică [‘supposedly’; a lexicalized form from the expression [se zi]ce că – literally it said that], pasămite [‘apparently’ whose etymology is controver- sial] and chipurile [‘supposedly’; a borrowing from Hungarian, literally ‘faces’] are means of quotative/reportative evidentiality. This lexical and grammatical system marking indi- rect evidentiality will be analyzed with respect to their grammaticalization processes, but also addressing the discursive behaviour.

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CONSTRUCTING KNOWLEDGE AT THE INTERSECTION OF DISCIPLINES: APPRAISAL IN KNOWLEDGE CLAIMS CONCERNING ANIMALS IN POSTHUMANIST DISCOURSE

Author(s): Agata Rozumko / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: interdisciplinarity; posthumanism; academic monograph; animal; appraisal;

The discursive practices of individual academic disciplines differ in many ways, which is why numerous studies of academic discourse adopt cross-disciplinary perspectives to explore the character and extent of those differences. Less attention has, however, been given to interdisciplinary discourses which incorporate the findings and/or research methods from a number of disciplines. This paper focuses on the discourse of one of the new critical interdisciplinarities: posthumanism. More specifically, it examines how posthumanist discourse integrates knowledge produced by the soft and hard sciences (as well as other sources) to build its perspective on animals and their relations with hu- mans. Using Martin and White’s (2005) appraisal framework to study knowledge claims collected from selected scholarly monographs adopting a posthumanist perspective, this study demonstrates that posthumanist claims referring to biological knowledge and ex- periential evidence tend to contain neutral, positive and endorsing formulations, while the knowledge from the soft sciences is reported in more critical ways, which is con- sistent with the aims of critical interdisciplinarities, i.e. questioning and transforming the dominant knowledge structure within different disciplines. Additionally, this paper provides evidence of the importance of popular science within interdisciplinary research in the humanities. It also sheds some light on the rhetorical practices within the schol- arly monograph as a genre, particularly concerning the relative flexibility of its discursive conventions in comparison with those expected from a research article.

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THE WHOLE TRUTH? HYPOTHETICAL QUESTIONS AND THE (DE)CONSTRUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE IN EXPERT WITNESS CROSS-EXAMINATION

Author(s): Magdalena Szczyrbak / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: cross-examination; expert witness; epistemic stance; hypotheticals;

This paper examines the relation between hypotheticals and epistemic stance in jury trials, and it reveals how hypothetically framed questions (HQs) are used in cross- examination to construct “the admissible truth” (Gutheil et al. 2003) which is then turned into evidence. It looks at a selection of interactional exchanges identified in the transcripts and video recordings which document two days of expert witness cross- examination in two high-profile criminal cases. In the study, two approaches to data anal- ysis were combined: a bottom-up approach focusing on markers of HQs offering “points of entry” into discourse through a corpus-assisted analysis and a top-down approach looking at cross-examination as a complex communicative event, providing a more holis- tic view of the interactional context in which HQs are used. The paper explains the role which such questions play in the positioning of opposing knowledge claims, as well as discusses the effect they create in hostile interaction with expert witnesses. As is revealed, HQs are used to elicit the witness’s assessments of alternative scenarios of past events and causal links involving the facts of the case; to elicit the witness’s assessments of general hypothetical scenarios not involving the facts of the case, or to undermine the validity of the witness’s method of analysis. In sum, the paper explains how the use of HQs aids cross-examining attorneys in deconstructing unfavourable testimony and constructing the “legal truth” which supports their narrative.

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‘LET’S PLAY A GAME’ – INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE PIERRE BOURDIEU’S ILLUSIO SPACE

Author(s): KAROLINA KOŁODZIEJCZAK,Anna Sajdak-Burska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2022

Keywords: inclusive education; educational ideologies; Pierre Bourdieu; illusio; social field;

The article describes research project on the practice of inclusive education in Poland, planned for years 2022–2023. The theoretical basis of the research are educational ideologies and concept of so- ciety. The article describes the proposed research method, embedded in a qualitative study approach with interpretative paradigm. The research problem of proposed study is answering the question of how does an inclusive education space look like. The aim of the designed research is to critically analyze the functioning of inclusive classes in the area of school education, which will result in de- scribing the reality and mechanisms present in inclusive education. The article presents the category matrix created for the critical analysis of discourse which is related to inclusive education. This matrix may be helpful for describing what meanings are given to the elements of the educational process (goals based on an axiological basis, methods, content, methods of control and evaluation).

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