История на вътрешната фиксация при фрактури на бедрената шийка. Техники на остеосинтеза с единични винтове, спайкове, пирон-плака, телескопични импланти и фиксация по Garden
History of internal fixation in femoral neck fractures. Osteosynthesis techniques with single screws, spikes, nail plate, telescopic implants and Garden fixation

Summary/Abstract: The internal fixation of the fractures of the femoral neck has been associated with high complication rates even today, 130 years after the first attempts for surgical treatment of this injury. This review is dedicated to the history of the internal fixation of the fractures of the femoral neck during the 1940-s, 1950-s and 1960-s. The strength of fracture fixation with the different spikes, nails, screws and pins introduced during the beginning of the century has been associated with the necessity for external protection of the fracture by applying a spica-cast, carrying all the risks of a prolonged immobilization. The introduction of the fixedangle implants during the 1940-s and 1950-s has been a huge step towards improvement of the osteosynthesis stability and allowing the patients to go out of bed immediately after surgery, thus decreasing the risks of prolonged immobilization.

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