Prilozi o historiografiji Bosne i Hercegovine (2001–2017) II
Contributions on Historiography of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2001-2017) II
Contributor(s): Dževad Juzbašić (Editor), Zijad Šehić (Editor)
Subject(s): International Law, Law and Transitional Justice, Military history, Political history, Government/Political systems, Political behavior, Studies in violence and power, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Migration Studies, Inter-Ethnic Relations, Politics of History/Memory, Politics and Identity, Peace and Conflict Studies
Published by: Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine
Keywords: Historiography of the Bosnian genocide; 1992-1995; Srebrenica; Mostar; War in Bosnia; Bosnian Krajina; Tuzla; Bihać; Post-Dayton period;
Summary/Abstract: This essay will provide an introductory discussion of the historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the works of foreign scholars. The historiography is too large for this discussion to be exhaustive. We have attempted here to provide the principal categories of relevant works while citing the most important examples of them, before discussing the historiographical deficiencies and the tasks awaiting future scholars of the genocide. The reason for the dearth of monographs on the Bosnian genocide is that the subject is highly controversial, and any scholar who seriously studies it and expresses an opinion is likely to create enemies for themselves. There is a tendency of scholars to see the war in postmodernist terms, in terms of Serb, Croat and Bosniak “narratives”; as opposed to objective truth, which discourages taking the subject intellectually seriously. Furthermore, the prevailing ideology and discourse stemming from the international administration is one of reconciliation and putting the past behind us. So there is a disincentive to study the genocide in depth; a preference for studying more liberal feel-good themes related to reconciliation, memory, transitional justice and post-war reconstruction. The Bosnian genocide therefore awaits a new generation of foreign scholars to take it seriously as a subject and explore it in detail.
Series: Posebna izdanja ANUBiH
- E-ISBN-13: 978-9926-410-54-4
- Page Count: 340
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: Bosnian, English, Croatian, Serbian
The historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the work of foreign scholars
The historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the work of foreign scholars
(The historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the work of foreign scholars)
- Author(s):Marko Attila Hoare
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law, Law and Transitional Justice, Military history, Political history, Government/Political systems, Studies in violence and power, Nationalism Studies, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Inter-Ethnic Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:11-20
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Bosnia-Hercegovina; Yugoslavia; genocide; nationalism; international justice;
- Summary/Abstract:This essay will provide an introductory discussion of the historiography of the Bosnian genocide of 1992–1995 in the works of foreign scholars. The historiography is too large for this discussion to be exhaustive. We have attempted here to provide the principal categories of relevant works while citing the most important examples of them, before discussing the historiographical deficiencies and the tasks awaiting future scholars of the genocide. The reason for the dearth of monographs on the Bosnian genocide is that the subject is highly controversial, and any scholar who seriously studies it and expresses an opinion is likely to create enemies for themselves. There is a tendency of scholars to see the war in postmodernist terms, in terms of Serb, Croat and Bosniak “narratives”; as opposed to objective truth, which discourages taking the subject intellectually seriously. Furthermore, the prevailing ideology and discourse stemming from the international administration is one of reconciliation and putting the past behind us. So there is a disincentive to study the genocide in depth; a preference for studying more liberal feel-good themes related to reconciliation, memory, transitional justice and post-war reconstruction. The Bosnian genocide therefore awaits a new generation of foreign scholars to take it seriously as a subject and explore it in detail.
Historiografija i historijski izvori o genocidu u Srebrenici
Historiografija i historijski izvori o genocidu u Srebrenici
(Historiography and historical sources on genocide in Srebrenica)
- Author(s):Merisa Karović-Babić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, International Law, Law and Transitional Justice, Military history, Studies in violence and power, Nationalism Studies, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:21-68
- No. of Pages:48
- Keywords:Srebrenica; verdicts; genocide; victims; responsibility; Army and police of the Republic of Srpska; State Security Service of the Republic of Serbia; Directive no. 7; Dutch Battalion (HOBLAT);
- Summary/Abstract:There are numerous papers dealing with research of genocide in Srebrenica, as well as papers dealing with denial of it. An insight into a number of publications related to these topics raises the question of whether quantity prevails over quality and how much research on genocide in Srebrenica is based on scientific methods and how much on the arbitrary interpretation of historical events. This paper presents an overview of a large number of published works, with particular emphasis on a more detailed analysis of the work of historians as well as published historical sources. Many trials before national and international courts have been conducted against individuals charged with crimes against humanity and international law, including the crime of genocide committed in and around Srebrenica from 10-19. July 1995. Detailed descriptions of mass executions, with data on the number of victims, forensic evidence, mass graves of primary, secondary and tertiary character, can be found in the verdicts rendered in the abovementioned court processes. The significance of these judgments for the historiography of the Srebrenica genocide is immeasurable. They represent an important historical source and a starting point for any further research. The documents in the possession of the ICTY, which were used in the above processes, are available in the Tribunal’s electronic database and are also very significant for historical science. The verdicts gave a detailed reconstruction of the “nine days of hell,” as judges characterized the period after the fall of Srebrenica. The question of representation of earlier periods in historiography, relating to very dynamic developments within Srebrenica during 1992, 1993 and 1994, is also discussed in the paper. Public discourse on the Srebrenica genocide is completely dominated by topics from July 1995, which gives the impression that the period preceding the fall of the enclave is neglected.
Rat u Mostaru (1992–1995) na stranicama bosanskohercegovačke i uže regionalne historiografije u periodu od 2001. do 2017. godine
Rat u Mostaru (1992–1995) na stranicama bosanskohercegovačke i uže regionalne historiografije u periodu od 2001. do 2017. godine
(War in Mostar (1992-1995) on the pages of Bosnian-Herzegovinian and regional historiography in the period 2001-2017)
- Author(s):Zilha Mastalić Košuta
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Military history, Studies in violence and power, Nationalism Studies, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today), Inter-Ethnic Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:69-83
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Mostar; war; historiography; Historians; 1992-1995; 2001-2017;
- Summary/Abstract:Papers on the topic of the 1992-1995 war in Mostar, published in the period from 2001 to 2017, were primarily represented in works of memoir character, in which the authors write from the perspective of their own point of view on events, or they were directly involved in them. Certain works are of high quality and very useful from a scientific and professional perspective, and there are also those which are solely of classic memoir character, written from a purely personal perspective, which represent some contribution to looking at events, but which necessitate caution. From the scope of military-historiographical literature, the volume of the written works is modest and highlights the works of former commanders, which represents an important complement to reviewing military activities in the area of Mostar municipality, along with a mandatory critical approach to these works because of the author’s efforts to emphasize their role in the war. This topic was also addressed by individuals from different non-history professions, attributing themselves the right to be called experts in this field. In one part of such research and published works, erroneous methodological, unscientific and subjective approach was observed. Although a small number of historians have written on this subject, a large number of them still choose to remain silent, which on the one hand was justifiable in the initial years after the war, because of the lack of clarity and inaccessibility of archival material, but also because they were waiting for the necessary historical distance. The historical distance is already considerable, and it is time for objective and professional historians to tackle the topics related to the war period in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Some historians are also waiting for better political circumstances in the country. Any silence on the part of expert and objective historians is no longer justifiable, and thus poses a problem for historiography, which has been dealing with a number of problems lately. While some are silent, historical topics are being taken up by individuals from other professions, but also by historians who write commissioned texts, and thus bring historiography lasting and incomprehensible consequences and harm.
Historijski apsekti izučavanja rata u Bosni i Hercegovini (1992–1995)
Historijski apsekti izučavanja rata u Bosni i Hercegovini (1992–1995)
(Historical aspects of war studies in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995))
- Author(s):Azem Kožar
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):International Law, Law and Transitional Justice, Military history, Studies in violence and power, Nationalism Studies, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Source Material, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:85-108
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:SFR Yugoslavia; Bosnia and Herzegovina; international community; aggression; war events; historical sources; historians; archival material; regulations; institutions of science and culture;
- Summary/Abstract:The dissolution of the former SFR Yugoslavia during the last decade of the 20th century took place in the conditions of the war conflict that culminated in Bosnia and Herzegovina. During the four-year war (1992–1995), in the form of armed aggression by neighboring countries against the internationally recognized independent Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there was an enormous toll on the population, material and cultural assets. The international community’s reluctance to end the war with diplomacy and military intervention also contributed to this. When she was determined to do so, the war ended with the peace in Dayton, November 1995. The complexities of war events, concerning the causes, course and consequences of war, require an extremely meticulous research approach from multiple scientific aspects – including historiographical ones. Although numerous works, mostly quasi-scientific but also historiographical, have emerged over the past two and a half decades, there is a clear lack of a systematic and scientific approach to the study of war events, unique and synchronous at the state level. If such a system existed, then the true intentions of researchers of all scientific profiles, including historians, would have yielded a fundamentally scientific result. Due to this situation in front of the state and society, profession and science, it is imperative to impose the establishment of a functional national (B&H) system of dealing with sources of historical knowledge in the spirit of the provisions of international legal and social acts. Its essence should be: adoption of appropriate legal regulations at the state and / or lower administrative levels, especially evaluation of documents of war provenance and their transfer to competent institutions of culture and science, adequate protection, preservation and professional preparation for use of these sources, and creation of material and personnel assumptions that such a system works successfully, etc. The establishment of a special archive for war documentation in the Republic of Croatia is an indicative and instructive example for Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, the formation of a similar institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina will not occur in due course, due to the particular interests of the ruling political elites, who, in their own way, are more or less directly or indirectly connected with the war events in order to impress upon them the current situation anarchy and lawlessness in this area.
Локалне монографије у дијелу Босанске Крајине и Посавине (2001–2017)
Локалне монографије у дијелу Босанске Крајине и Посавине (2001–2017)
(Local monographs in part of the Bosnian Krajina and Posavina (2001-2017))
- Author(s):Aranđel Smiljanić
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today), Source Material
- Page Range:109-126
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:historiography; local monographs; Bosnian Krajina; Posavina; analysis; authors; shortcomings; historians; possibilities;
- Summary/Abstract:Many local monographs were published in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period between 2001 and 2017. Most of the monographs were related to villages, while the monographs of cities were somewhat less represented. Local history data also includes monographs on schools, businesses, sports clubs, cultural and artistic societies and families. This paper analyses the monographs from the western and northern parts of our country (Bosnian Krajina and Posavina). Local monographs seem to be increasingly popular and are read more than scholarly works in general and national history. Many local monographs at the same time do not deliver particularly high quality. Moreover, the quality of most of these monographs could be described as average or even below that. The problem is that local monographs are mostly written by persons who are not historians nor have any foundation in history criticism. Usually these authors do not distinguish between their sources and literature. Works by most of them do not have a critical apparatus in the form of notes, and their records can hardly be verified. Sometimes there is not even a list of sources and literature, and if there is one, it is modest at best, while their archival work is unknown. Wherever historians were hired as authors or co-authors, these local monographs are of much better quality. Similar can be said of those monographs whose reviewers were historians. Therefore, most local monographs have historiographic significance but not greater scientific value. The necessity of systematic study of local history imposes itself as the solution, where the best course of action would be to engage historians, especially young and talented researchers who have distinguished themselves during their undergraduate studies or have successfully completed master studies in history, and yet are jobless in their profession. This would create a dual benefit: we would get better quality monographs of villages and cities and, for the most part, would solve the problem of unemployed historians, who are increasingly present in the labour market. This would be a job for a municipal or city historian, who would not only do the work of writing local monographs, but also other tasks in the sphere of public and cultural life of the municipality or city in which they live. In order to realize this noble idea, it is necessary to have joint approach of the departments, faculties, universities, museums, archives, academies, or associations towards the institutions of government. Furthermore, greater engagement is needed in the future in order to ensure better study of local history in schools. The implementation of this idea would bring multiple benefits – greater knowledge of students about the past of their homeplaces and securing a teaching standard, with the possibility of hiring those history professors who do not work in their profession.
Historiografija o Tuzli i Tuzlanskom kraju,1 koja se odnosi na novi vijek i savremeno doba, nastala u vremenu 2001–2018. godine
Historiografija o Tuzli i Tuzlanskom kraju,1 koja se odnosi na novi vijek i savremeno doba, nastala u vremenu 2001–2018. godine
(Historiography of Tuzla and Tuzla’s region, relating to modern times, created between 2001. and 2018.)
- Author(s):Izet Šabotić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Political history, Recent History (1900 till today), Government/Political systems, Higher Education , 19th Century, The Ottoman Empire, Source Material, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:127-160
- No. of Pages:34
- Keywords:Tuzla; historiography; Tuzla region; Ottoman period; Austro-Hungarian period; period between two world wars; period of the Second World War; socialist period; synthesis; monograph; study; article;
- Summary/Abstract:In the last two decades (2001–2018), there has been a more intensive development of historiography in the area of Tuzla Canton. This was especially contributed by the Department of History of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla, but also by other institutions, as well as individuals. Department of History since its founding in 1993/1994. made a significant contribution to the development of historiography, and especially to the study of the history of Tuzla and the region. Historiography relating to Tuzla surrounding region has undergone some transformation in this period, in the sense that a significant step towards a more systematic study of the past of Tuzla and its region has been made. This applies especially to modern period. Topics from these periods have attracted the attention of a significant number of historians as well as researchers in other scientific fields. Therefore, we considered it important to indicate in this paper what has been studied and what has been written, what is the relation between historiography and other scientific disciplines, and what has been achieved in the study of the past of Tuzla and the region. During the period (2000–2018), dozens of historiographical and other works related to this area were written and published. They were published in the form of information-factorial reconstructions, reviews, monographs, syntheses, as well as numerous articles, discussions and contributions with various topics related to events, processes and phenomena from the mentioned periods of Tuzla’s past. These are works of unequal scientific reach. Some represent an important step towards more relevant illumination of the past of Tuzla and the region, while others are scarce with valid data on the same, and especially the methodological approach, to the issues addressed. Interpretations and evaluations in some historiographical works have been drawn from the rich treasury of archives, which is presented for the first time to the scientific public, while other works are the result of the analysis of sources of political, economic, statistical and normative character that were already published.
Sjeveroistočna Bosna – pozitivan primjer razvoja lokalne historiografije
Sjeveroistočna Bosna – pozitivan primjer razvoja lokalne historiografije
(Northeastern Bosnia – A positive example of the development of the local historiography)
- Author(s):Edin Mutapčić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Regional Geography, Political history, Higher Education , 19th Century, Post-War period (1950 - 1989), Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), The Ottoman Empire, Source Material, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:161-178
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:north-eastern Bosnia; historiography; monographs; journals; papers;
- Summary/Abstract:As an important turn in studying the area of northeastern Bosnia in our historical science we can characterize the doctoral thesis and later monograph “Tuzla and its surrounding in the XVI century”, which is still a pattern of monographic processing of a region in our science. In the late seventies and eighties, at last, it moves away from scientific framework that established by Ć. Truhelka and H. Kreševljaković. Consequently, in the study of the medieval history of the area of northeastern Bosnia several researchers have emerged like: A. Benković, M. Baum, Đ. Basler, B. Nilević, P. Živković, and Pavao Anđelić – which left the largest mark. The interdisciplinarity of research is present through ethnological processing of this area in the works of Milenko Filipović and Salih Kulenović. Should be noted that until aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992, the most important event was launching of Članci i građa magazine by Museum in Tuzla (in 1958). Though, one moment leaves a large mark on the study of local historiography. That is a monographic treatment of particular areas in the Liberation War in socialist revolution. These projects opened the door to a local historiography. The poor scientific treatment of the area of northeastern Bosnia recognized by Academy of Science and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina four decades ago in the program DC XIII 2 (from 1986). However, at the time of the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina two projects of particular importance for the further development of historiography in the area northeastern Bosnia were created. Certainly, the opening of the Department of History and Geography, or History, at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University in Tuzla must have a leading role. Thus, in their works A. Kožar, B. Omerčević, S. Hadžić, S. Selimović, D. Bećirović, I. Šabotić and A. Jahić often refer to the subject matter of the specified area. The second project is magazine Gračanički glasnik where the initial duo O. Hamzić and R. Djedović, and later E. Šaković, have been printing, in double, for over two decades. In the initiative – publishing part we mustn’t forget the Archive of the Tuzla Canton and the Institute for the Protection and Use of Cultural and Historical Heritage of the Tuzla Canton, which bring together numerous researchers of the history of this area.
Historiografska literatura i izvori o Bihaćkoj Krajini u dvadesetom vijeku, objavljeni od 2000. do 2017.
Historiografska literatura i izvori o Bihaćkoj Krajini u dvadesetom vijeku, objavljeni od 2000. do 2017.
(Historiographical Literature and Sources on the Bihać Region in the Twentieth Century, Published from 2000 to 2017)
- Author(s):Jasna Pašić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Economic history, Military history, Political history, Government/Political systems, Comparative politics, 19th Century, Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Source Material, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:179-210
- No. of Pages:32
- Keywords:Bihać region; Bosnia and Herzegovina; research; historiography; literature; sources; research; war; economy;
- Summary/Abstract:In the historiography on the Bihać region (Bosnian: Bihaćka Krajina) and Bosnia and Herzegovina, which refers to the history of the 20th century, in recent years there have been some changes in terms of interest of scientists and researchers on specific topics, as well as in scientific and methodological approach used in their processing. When it comes to topics of interest in scientific circles, from the Second World War to the 1990s, previous studies that emerged during that period mainly covered topics related to World War II and emphasized the role of this area in the Yugoslav war history and sociopolitical and cultural changes after the war. In the last nearly two decades, examining the recent historiographical literature, we can conclude that the Bihać area is partially represented in the literature whose broader thematic frameworks relate to the period of Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina and treat social history such as urban development, trade, bey land holdings and military-political history from the occupation in 1878 to the end of World War I, as well as the original cartographic material. Although the Bihać area is not a narrow research topic in this case, it should be emphasized that its representation can be a very important avenue for future researchers, in the broad contextualization of microhistorical subjects, since they are works that certainly represent historiography characterized by an objective research orientation and professional analytical-interpretative approach. From the narrow frameworks for the Bihać region in the Austro-Hungarian period, we can conclude that the topics of education and culture dominate, while local history in other areas is rather neglected. From the interwar period we have several articles that have contributed to a closer acquaintance with the religious and cultural circumstances in the Cazin region (Bosnian: Cazinska Krajina), the way of life and the specifics of agrarian reform. For the period of the Second World War, two books have been singled out, whose authors treat unexplored thematic areas and go beyond the current scientific and methodological approach in the study of this topic, while in the socialist period two events have been singled out, The Cazin rebellion (Bosnian: Cazinska buna) and the Agrokomerc affair (Bosnian: Afera agrokomerc), which have attracted the attention of scientific and professional public as well as the participants who shared their memories. The Cazin rebellion has to this day maintained its attention in the historiographical research of Vera Kržišnik-Bukić, who has made an important contribution to the overall presentation of this event, while some authors and participants have recently updated some issues within the Cazin rebellion with the research of smaller scale and published memory.
Društveno-istorijski kontekst opstojnosti i razvoja države Bosne i Hercegovine u postdejtonskom vremenu
Društveno-istorijski kontekst opstojnosti i razvoja države Bosne i Hercegovine u postdejtonskom vremenu
(Sociohistorical context of the survival and development of the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Post-Dayton times)
- Author(s):Mirko Pejanović
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Constitutional Law, Political history, Government/Political systems, Political behavior, Politics and law, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today), Inter-Ethnic Relations, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:211-229
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina; National Anti-Fascist Council of People's Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina; citizens' referendum; Dayton Peace Agreement;
- Summary/Abstract:In the approach to constitutional reforms it is necessary to assure their gradual nature. In this context, in the framework of constitutional reform, the position of the institutions of the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina would be changed in the first phase, as proposed by the 2006 “April package” of amendments. This phase of constitutional reform can be implemented within the framework of negotiations on Bosnia and Herzegovina’s membership in the European Union, during the opening of the negotiation chapters. However, certainty of the process of constitutional change depends mostly on the geopolitical circumstances and geopolitical influence of the International Community, and in this context, especially the countries that are members of the Steering Board for the Peace Implementation Council responsible for the implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement. A geopolitical framework established through the agreement of the world’s leading peace-building powers in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the basis of the Dayton Peace Agreement is necessary for change of the internal territorial organization, based on a two-entity structure. It is quite certain that a change in the internal territorial organization of Bosnia and Herzegovina will be possible at a time when Bosnia and Herzegovina finalizes the process of integration into Euro-Atlantic institutions. In its gradual nature, the second phase of constitutional change will encompass the change in the territorial internal organization of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This change will aim to abolish the ethnic territorialization derived from the two-entity model. The Republika Srpska entity is ethnically homogenized because 85% of the population is Serb. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is ethnically homogenized in five cantons with a majority of Bosniak people and three cantons with a majority of Croat people. This second phase of constitutional change will await for the time when Bosnia and Herzegovina is a member of the European Union and NATO. No more than three levels of government will then be able to be funded. Currently, the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina are financing: local government, cantonal government, entity and state government.
Da li je Bosna i Hercegovina zaista tako loša kako se o njoj piše?
Da li je Bosna i Hercegovina zaista tako loša kako se o njoj piše?
(Is Bosnia and Herzegovina really as bad as it is written about?)
- Author(s):Armina Galijaš
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Government/Political systems, Nationalism Studies, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today), Inter-Ethnic Relations, Politics and Identity, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:231-236
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina; Political issues; Dayton Peace Agreement; Nationalism; War in Bosnia; Ethnic conflict;
- Summary/Abstract:Za razliku od izučavanja starog ili srednjeg vijeka, moderna povijest mora gotovo uvijek računati sa interdisciplinarnošću. Kako istoričari koji se bave ovim vremenom zalaze u druge discipline, tako i kolege iz drugih disciplina neminovno zalaze u povijest. Sama granica između disciplina nije uvijek potpuno jasna, metodološki, a često i teorijski pristupi i koncepti su prijemčivi za različite discipline. Iz tog razloga je i literatura koja je u fokusu moje prezentacije sveobuhvatnija i ne isključivo istorijska.
Obilježavanje značajnih događaja u svrhu konstruisanja političkog spektakla: Analiza obilježavanja historijskih obljetnica kao kulture sjećanja u medijima
Obilježavanje značajnih događaja u svrhu konstruisanja političkog spektakla: Analiza obilježavanja historijskih obljetnica kao kulture sjećanja u medijima
(Celebrating Significant Events to Construct a Political Spectacle: An Analysis of Celebrating Historic Anniversaries as a Culture of Remembrance in the Media)
- Author(s):Željka Poloni
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Military history, Political history, Government/Political systems, Political behavior, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Source Material, Politics of History/Memory
- Page Range:237-256
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina; commemoration of the past; anniversaries; media; violation of professional norms; public services;
- Summary/Abstract:This essay comparatively examines explanations of the anniversary celebration in Bosnia and Herzegovina in between the last thirty years. The author set before themselves the task of analyzing the role of media in the public, as a part of historiography as a legacy. In that manner, understanding the role of media in public opinion is unthinkable without research about their background. The research result shows a situation in which the media are subject to constant propaganda based on prejudice or ethnic divisions. It is necessary to return the foundations for independent journalism from the beginning. In theory, the media are a means of accurately and timely informing the public about all events and processes in society. The media on this occasion should witness events that objectively and responsibly convey their knowledge. In practice, this theory is not applicable even in much more developed countries, with far fewer socio-political problems. The media reality of Bosnia and Herzegovina is filled with various forms of bad reporting, hate speech primarily in its worst form. In thirty years, this kind of media will be a supplement for researchers to complement the next-generation research process. The only solution is to establish ethically responsible journalism, which must have support of the scientific community.
Muzeografija i historiografija bosanskohercegovačke umjetnosti u postsocijalističkom stanju krize
Muzeografija i historiografija bosanskohercegovačke umjetnosti u postsocijalističkom stanju krize
(Museography and Historiography of Bosnian- Herzegovinian Art in the Post-Socialist State of Crisis)
- Author(s):Asja Mandić
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Museology & Heritage Studies, Government/Political systems, WW II and following years (1940 - 1949), Post-War period (1950 - 1989), Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Politics and Identity, Peace and Conflict Studies, History of Art
- Page Range:257-276
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:art history; historiography; identity; exhibition; museum; museography; socialism; transition; Art Gallery of Bosnia and Herzegovina; art;
- Summary/Abstract:In the historiographical practice, museum has been viewed more and more as an institution which not only collects and exhibits evidence of historical knowledge, but acts as original contributor and actively participates in the construction of that knowledge. This paper examines the relationship between historiography and museography in the context of curating and writing history of art of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The crowning institution in this country, a paramount example of such relationship, is the Art Gallery of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was founded by the socialist government of the People’s Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1946, right after WWII, as a mechanism for materialization of its authority and its powers and its conscious political didactic. Established as the most authoritative institution in the field of visual art, it regulated public sphere of art, and along with other museum institutions of the republic, it actively participated in the construction of its distinctive artistic tradition, its history as well as cultural identity. The gallery and is curators, engaged in systematic research, evaluation and presentation of Bosnian and Herzegovinian art, were actively involved in writing its history. The prominence of this institution and its exhibitions, especially the retrospective ones — that provided the curatorial representation of history and the first narratives on the development of modern art in Bosnia and Herzegovina — has been materialized through the four publications that still represent the only surveys of modern art of this country. Along with giving the original contribution to the history of art, this institution also played an important role in repositioning the art of Bosnia and Herzegovina from the margin to the centre of Yugoslav cultural scene in the 1980s. The collapse of socialism, that went hand in hand with the breakup of Yugoslav state and independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, followed by the brutal war (1992–1995), horrible destruction, human loss and ethnic cleansing, resulted in the complete economic and political breakdown, in the dysfunctional, destabilized and ethnically divided state.
Historiografija o Bosni i Hercegovini u bosanskohercegovačkim udžbenicima historije (2000–2017)
Historiografija o Bosni i Hercegovini u bosanskohercegovačkim udžbenicima historije (2000–2017)
(Historiography on Bosnia and Herzegovina in history textbooks used in Bosnia and Herzegovina (2000–2017))
- Author(s):Melisa Forić Plasto
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):School education, State/Government and Education, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today), Inter-Ethnic Relations, Theory of Literature, Peace and Conflict Studies, Pedagogy
- Page Range:277-300
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:historiography; textbooks; history teaching; educational policies;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper presents an analysis of the history textbooks published and used in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 2000–2017 in order to answer how the results of historiographic research on Bosnia and Herzegovina have been incorporated into textbooks content. Considering that the textbook in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as in most European countries, continues to serve as a basic teaching tool in history teaching, and in some ways represents a canonized knowledge, an official version of the past that is recommended or better created by national authorities an attempt was made to look at what historiographical reflections on Bosnia and Herzegovina were given in them. The specificity of textbook and educational policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina is reflected in the deep division on the ethnonational principle and the additional fragmentation caused by the administrative organization of Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Dayton Agreement. Instead of a unique historiography on Bosnia and Herzegovina, we come across different approaches in the textbooks. In some of them, information on the past of Bosnia and Herzegovina is rather modest or almost omitted, and emphasis is given to the history of the neighboring countries of Serbia or Croatia or of the Serbian or Croat people. The paper seeks to see what kind of message the past has sent to textbook generations through their education and the role it plays in the future of this country. In examining how the historiography of Bosnia and Herzegovina is contained in the textbooks, based on the analyzed 32 history textbook, we find only a partial answer, which is primarily caused by the different interpretation of national history by the three curricula for which the textbooks were designed. Thus, in Serbian language textbooks, national history is primarily presented as the history of Serbia and Serbs, and partly of Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Similar is the practice in Croatian textbooks, dominated by the history of Croatia and Croats, while there is very little mention of Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Teaching units related to Bosnia and Herzegovina are represented by 10–20% of the total material and presented with only a few lessons.
Bosna i Hercegovina u udžbenicima historije u Republici Sjevernoj Makedoniji
Bosna i Hercegovina u udžbenicima historije u Republici Sjevernoj Makedoniji
(Bosnia and Herzegovina in history textbooks in the Republic of North Macedonia)
- Author(s):Zećir Ramčilović
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):Political history, Government/Political systems, School education, State/Government and Education, Inter-Ethnic Relations, Theory of Literature, Peace and Conflict Studies, Pedagogy
- Page Range:301-326
- No. of Pages:26
- Keywords:education; teaching; history textbook; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bosniaks;
- Summary/Abstract:The Republic of North Macedonia has undergone a turbulent period since its independence. This is a period in which education, and especially History as a subject, has also undergone significant changes in content. First it strengthened ethnocentrism, patriotism and national romanticism, in which the Macedonian people were the bearers of all the processes of origin and development of the state, but also of civilizational processes and movements significant for the whole world. In defence of the Macedonian national identity, Albanians, Turks, Bosniaks, Serbs, Roma and other peoples who live with the Macedonian people and whose homeland, same as for the Macedonians, is the NR Macedonia, regardless of their national or religious affiliation, were often marginalized. NR Macedonia is therefore making efforts to disperse teaching content that creates divisions and prejudices. That is why the curricula today envisage the study of the history of the Macedonian people, as well as the histories of the constituent peoples and their countries of origin in proportion to their percentage share in the total population. Bosniaks are the constituent people of the Republic of North Macedonia and their home country is Bosnia and Herzegovina. This implies that the content on Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosniaks is represented in textbooks. Not only because of the constitutionality and importance of Bosniaks in the construction and development of the state and society, but also because of the many common centuries-old historical processes, the common states of which they were part of from the 15th to the end of the 20th century. It is very important that the content on Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosniaks be represented and properly presented to the young population. In legal terms, formal prerequisites for the development of textbooks, for the most part, provide a good basis for writing quality textbooks that will represent the histories of all peoples and their role for NR Macedonia, as well as better mutual understanding. However, the situation is not as simple as it may seem at first glance, despite all the legal bases and criteria for textbook development. Instead of striking a balance between the history of the Macedonians and the history of other peoples, the textbooks have been reduced to achieving the balance between the history of the Macedonians and Albanians, giving a binational history in the textbooks. These differences are less pronounced in the lower grades, where study of general history is dominant. In higher primary school grades and during the four years of secondary education these differences are more than obvious. In addition to the general history studied throughout the world, Macedonian and Albanian histories are dominant. Then the histories of the other neighbours – Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece, as well as the history of Turkey and the Turkish people because of the common historical processes and constitutionality of the Turkish people.
Obrazovanje učitelja u vrijeme Austro-Ugarske i današnji vid obrazovanja za učiteljsko zvanje
Obrazovanje učitelja u vrijeme Austro-Ugarske i današnji vid obrazovanja za učiteljsko zvanje
(Comparison of Teacher Education in the Austrian-Hungarian period and today in Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- Author(s):Snježana Šušnjara
- Language:Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
- Subject(s):School education, History of Education, State/Government and Education, 19th Century, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Present Times (2010 - today), Inclusive Education / Inclusion, Pedagogy
- Page Range:327-337
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Austria-Hungary; state education; teachers; teacher schools; Bologna process; teacher education; Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- Summary/Abstract:Education of teachers in the Austrian-Hungarian period was starting point of this research. Namely, during the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy education in Bosnia and Herzegovina was institutionalized for the first time in its history. Education became a moving force which effected life and society of that time. Teacher training schools were founded in this period of time and accumulated intellectuals who participated in social and cultural life of the country bringing important decisions in relation to education. School’s buildings that were constructed during the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy are at the same service even today. Therefore, the attempt of this work is to compare teacher education in the past and today. It is important to detect how many changes were made regarding quality and practical implementation of teaching subject matters. The question is has quality kept its level of importance or has it exposed to some other influences or formal attempts? The intention of this paper is to research those facts and present them with regard to their specificity.