Kontrasty w humanistyce: literatura, język, kultura / Les contrastes dans les humanités : littérature, langue, culture
Contrasts in humanities: literature, language, culture
Contributor(s): Eliza Sasin (Editor), Anita Staroń (Editor)
Subject(s): Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: literature; literary studies; language; linguistics; contrast
Summary/Abstract: The publication is an attempt to describe (without the ambition to be exhaustive) the phenomenon of contrast in language, literature, and culture. Such a wide perspective allows a variety of possible interpretations and provides the topic with an interdisciplinary context. The scientific character of the publication is ensured by an organized choice of content aimed at analyzing the aforementioned points, based on a wide corpus of texts from various eras and countries, and the use of multiple methodologies supported by a carefully selected bibliography. Since the monograph addresses the needs of a wide range of readers (students, literary scholars, philologists, literature lovers and French language speakers), it has the potential to exert considerable social influence.
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-127-2
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-126-5
- Page Count: 222
- Publication Year: 2023
- Language: English, French, Polish
Słowo wstępne / Avant-propos
Słowo wstępne / Avant-propos
(Introduction)
- Author(s):Anita Staroń, Eliza Sasin
- Language:French, Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:7-13
- No. of Pages:6
Prekursorzy performatywności. Język jako działanie u Étienne’a Bonnot de Condillaca i Jeana-Jacques’a Rousseau
Prekursorzy performatywności. Język jako działanie u Étienne’a Bonnot de Condillaca i Jeana-Jacques’a Rousseau
(Precursors of Performativity. Language as Action in the Works by Étienne Bonnot de Condillac and Jean-Jacques Rousseau)
- Author(s):Michał Gniadek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, History of Philosophy, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:15-28
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Language as Action; Expressive Function of Language; Philosophy of Language; Condillac; Rousseau
- Summary/Abstract:The present paper analyses the concept of the performativity of human language in the philosophical writings by Étienne Bonnot de Condillac and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The first part of the text is devoted to the idea of langage d’action and its significance for Condillac‘s epistemology and theory of language; whereas the social and political functions of human speech, presented in the works of Jean Jacques Rousseau, are interpreted in the second part of the paper. Ultimately, it seems that for both Condillac and Rousseau human language is not just a mere thinking tool, but also a way of changing and improving our reality.
Anthroponymie chez Mohamed Nedali : du contact des langues aux contrastes sociaux
Anthroponymie chez Mohamed Nedali : du contact des langues aux contrastes sociaux
(Anthroponymy in Mohamed Nedali’s Writing: from Contact of Languages to Social Contrasts)
- Author(s):Oussama Amrani
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:29-38
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Moroccan Literature of French Expression; Anthroponyms; Social Contrasts; Contact of Languages; Anchorage
- Summary/Abstract:Mohamed Nedali is a contemporary Moroccan writer of French expression born in 1962 in Tahannaout, about thirty kilometers from Marrakech where he still lives. Having written eight novels with a realist vocation, he makes his region his favorite place and fiction because, as he says in an interview, “in literature one only speaks very well of a place one knows so well”. However, this attachment to space, or at least this rootedness in identity that demonstrate the territorial anchoring of the author, seems insufficient to serve his realistic vision. It is nevertheless true that the intrusion of vernacular languages in a text written in a foreign language is not without importance because it constitutes a significant element in a realistic fresco. Indeed, the text of Nedali is strewn with Moroccan expressions. This intrusion is not gratuitous and illustrates the role that the contact of languages can have in a fictional narrative. Moreover, the choice of anthroponyms in Nedali’s fiction is not arbitrary, as it is thoughtful and serves the author’s vision. Being a writer of soil and a good connoisseur of the Moroccan society, the author uses it to create a fresco whose contrasts illustrate his bias and his refusal of social evils.
Kontrasty w przekładzie: porównanie polskich tłumaczeń Obcego Alberta Camus
Kontrasty w przekładzie: porównanie polskich tłumaczeń Obcego Alberta Camus
(Contrasts in Translation: Comparation of Polish Translations of The Stranger by Albert Camus)
- Author(s):Tomasz Zielnik
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:39-48
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Albert Camus; The Stranger; Translation Studies; Polish Translation; Multiple Translations
- Summary/Abstract:In 2021, the State Publishing Institute (Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy) published a new edition of The Stranger translated by Marek Bieńczyk. This is the second translation officially published in Poland, the previous was created by Maria Zenowicz in 1958. The article analyses these two Polish translations of The Stranger. The author compares some parts of the text and shows differences between Polish versions trying to find out how a new translation has changed a perception of the novel among Polish readers.
Kontrasty między Polakami a Ukraińcami w Warszawie – analiza korpusowa przekazów medialnych Gazety Wyborczej w latach 2015-2019
Kontrasty między Polakami a Ukraińcami w Warszawie – analiza korpusowa przekazów medialnych Gazety Wyborczej w latach 2015-2019
(Contrasts Between Poles and Ukrainians in Warsaw – Corpus Analysis of the Media Messages of Gazeta Wyborcza in 2015-2019)
- Author(s):Anna Skibińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:49-64
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Corpus Analysis; Immigrant; Media Image; Press Headline; Ukrainian
- Summary/Abstract:The article presents a corpus analysis of media messages about immigrants from Ukraine in Warsaw. The aim of the research was to compare headlines and texts and to identify keywords, words with the highest frequency and the most popular collocations. The korpusomat web application was used for the study. The results confirm that the image of Ukrainians is built on the basis of the opposition between locals and foreigners. The quantitative data for the headlines and for the texts were similar. The topics concerned mainly the work of immigrants. An important role in the media news was played by lemmas locating the places of events and the nationality of their participants.
Świat polski i świat niemiecki w powieści Mariana Turwida Dwie strony drogi oraz wybranych dziełach Gerarda Górnickiego
Świat polski i świat niemiecki w powieści Mariana Turwida Dwie strony drogi oraz wybranych dziełach Gerarda Górnickiego
(The Polish World and the German World in Marian’s Turwid Novel Dwie Strony Drogi and in Gerard Górnicki’s works)
- Author(s):Sebastian Tauer
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:65-76
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Polish-German Relationship; Marian Turwid; Gerard Górnicki; Polish Literature of Communist Period; Greater Poland Uprising
- Summary/Abstract:This article shows the contrasts that can be noticed when analyzing the novel Dwie strony drogi by Marian Turwid. The author focuses on the contrasts both inside and outside the work. Differences in the presentation of the Polish and German world by Turwid are discussed, how they change during the novel’s action, and the differences that occur in such representations between Turwid’s work and other works in which the creation is shown. The place of this novel in a landscape of the communist period, stating that it is an extraordinary work in terms of the ideological message, which is to show Polish-German relations as a coexistence.
Relacja miłości/nienawiści do Florencji w Domu bezimiennych i Berretti Erasmus Giovanniego Agnoloniego
Relacja miłości/nienawiści do Florencji w Domu bezimiennych i Berretti Erasmus Giovanniego Agnoloniego
(Love/Hate to Florence in Giovanni Agnoloni’s Novels: La Casa Degli Anonimi and Berretti Erasmus)
- Author(s):Karolina Kopańska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:77-90
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Giovanni Agnoloni; Florence; Relations With the City
- Summary/Abstract:In this article the author examines the heroes’ relations with the city – Florence in Giovanni Agnoloni’s novels: La casa degli anonimi and Berretti Erasmus. Emanuela and Aurelio’s destinies (Casa degli anonimi) cross in a surreal night pursuit along Florence streets. They had long thought of escaping the city inhabited by hostile Florentines. Giovanni (Berretti Erasmus), a law student from the 2000s participates in an Erasmus project in England. During that experience, he understands that his destiny will be linked to elsewhere. He will undertake numerous journeys for study or work reasons in the United Kingdom, Holland, Lithuania, Ireland, and Poland. The cyclical returns to the beloved-hated Florence will be a source of oxygen and suffering for him. In the first part, the author of the article presents the issues related to the city’s periphery. In the second part, she describes the nature of the Florentines. In the third part, she focuses on the process leading to the decision to leave the city and she describes the moment of the turning point.
„Zbyt długo, w dwu kolorach”. O dychotomii w poezji Jacka Bierezina, [w:] Kontrasty w humanistyce: literatura, język, kultura
„Zbyt długo, w dwu kolorach”. O dychotomii w poezji Jacka Bierezina, [w:] Kontrasty w humanistyce: literatura, język, kultura
(“Too Long, in Two Colors”. On Dichotomy in the Poetry of Jacek Bierezin)
- Author(s):Oskar Czapiewski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:91-104
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Jacek Bierezin; Dichotomy in Poetry; New Wave; Emigration Poetry; Contemporary Polish Poetry
- Summary/Abstract:This article focuses on the interpretation of the work of Polish contemporary poet Jacek Bierezin (1947-1993), one of the main representatives of the New Wave (Nowa Fala) formation. The author points out the dichotomous poetics present in Jacek Bierezin’s poems using biographical motifs and emphasizing the influence of the author’s biography on his work. As literature on the subject the author uses the collection Linia życia (1999) published after Jacek Bierezin’s death as well as the volume Obudź mnie ze sobą! (2000), also published posthumously. Using the works of other researchers, the author constructs conclusions on the bordering features of Jacek Bierezin’s poetic works.
Kontrastowe ujęcie krytyki nowoczesności w późnych opowiadaniach Davida Herberta Lawrence’a
Kontrastowe ujęcie krytyki nowoczesności w późnych opowiadaniach Davida Herberta Lawrence’a
(Contrasting Perspective of Modernity in David Herbert Lawrence’s Late Prose)
- Author(s):Magdalena Wylężek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:105-118
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:David Herbert Lawrence; Modernism; Primitivism; Short Stories
- Summary/Abstract:The point of departure for the following article is the belief that Lawrence’s primitivism ( J. Kessler) is an important attempt to reply to the modernist crisis. In his late short stories terms such as spirituality, religion or ritual are playing a vital role in his reflection on modern society. To display his criticism Lawrence highlights the contrast between bourgeois class and free-thinking individuals. Terminology for this consideration is derivative from Mircea Eliade’s book The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion. It is a basic to present Lawrence’s protagonists view on understanding time, space and significance of a ritual.
Tradition et modernité chez Neil Gaiman : le cas de American Gods et Good Omens
Tradition et modernité chez Neil Gaiman : le cas de American Gods et Good Omens
(Tradition and Modernity in Neil Gaiman’s Prose: American Gods and Good Omens)
- Author(s):David Taquet
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:119-132
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Fantasy; Mythology; Neil Gaiman; Terry Pratchett; Transmediality
- Summary/Abstract:Structuring the stories of Neil Gaiman’s American Gods (2001) and Good Omens (1990), which he wrote in collaboration with Terry Pratchett, the contrasts between tradition and modernity are declared on several levels: the relationship between deities and technological advances, the preservation of traditional values in the idyllic small-town setting, as well as Neil Gaiman’s willingness to modernize the original works to fit current societal values. These apparent contrasts sometimes find a peaceful resolution, offering readers a welcome synthesis that encourages acceptance of modernity despite the sacrifices that must be made.
Myszy przeciw łasicom, ludziom i żabom. O funkcji kontrastu w przedstawieniu przeciwników i kreowaniu akcji w Batrachomyomachii
Myszy przeciw łasicom, ludziom i żabom. O funkcji kontrastu w przedstawieniu przeciwników i kreowaniu akcji w Batrachomyomachii
(Mice Against Weasels, Humans and Frogs. On the Function of Contrast in Presenting Opponents and Creating Action in Batrachomyomachia)
- Author(s):Jakub Zbądzki
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:133-144
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Batrachomyomachia; Homer; Hellenistic Literature; Mock Epic; Intertextuality
- Summary/Abstract:The work aims to present how the author of Batrachomyomachia used the contrast to illustrate the differences between the sides of the battle in the poem (while also reaching for other creatures), which lead directly to the war. It was noticed that the contrast between them served as a casus belli: the differences under-pin prejudices, and they determine the recognition of the accident as a deliberate attack on mice. There were also showed sources of humour based on contrasts: inter-texts parodying the Greek epics or myths, and the construction of the catalogue of enemies, in which frogs take over the negative traits of usual mice foes.
Obraz postaci historycznych w trylogii rewolucyjnej Teodora Jeske-Choińskiego (na przykładzie Camille’a Desmoulinsa, Georgesa Dantona i Maximiliena Robespierre’a)
Obraz postaci historycznych w trylogii rewolucyjnej Teodora Jeske-Choińskiego (na przykładzie Camille’a Desmoulinsa, Georgesa Dantona i Maximiliena Robespierre’a)
(The Image of Historical Figures in Teodor Jeske-Choiński’s Revolutionary Trilogy (on the Example of Camille Desmoulins, Georges Danton and Maximilien Robespierre))
- Author(s):Małgorzata Sojak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:145-158
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:French Revolution; Robespierre; Danton; Desmoulins; Jeske Choiński; Psychology
- Summary/Abstract:In the revolutionary trilogy, Jeske-Choiński uses historical figures to present the cruelties of the events of the end of the 18th century. For this reason, the fictional characters become a background for the actions of historical heroes, whose pro-files, in turn, are presented by the author by means of suggesting their moral evaluation. Although it seems coherent – the characters are just as cruel as the world they live in – it makes the reader feel uneasy about the contrast between the historical facts and the characters in the novel. In this work, the representations of historical figures created by Jeske-Choiński will be compared with their real counterparts, described by historians.
Les contrastes dans le Mirouer des femmes vertueuses
Les contrastes dans le Mirouer des femmes vertueuses
(Contrasts in Mirouer des femmes vertueuses)
- Author(s):Paulina Materka
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:159-170
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Mirror; Woman; Contrasts; Renaissance; Joan of Arc; Griselidis; Short Stories
- Summary/Abstract:Our article is focused on the contrasts in the Mirouer des femmes vertueuses, an anonymous collection of two stories: one about Joan of Arc and the other about Griselidis. We compare opposing aspects of these characters. Firstly, we counterpose the discursive character of the heroines, where one is real and the other is fictional. Then we study different qualities, the two models of femininity and finally the behaviour of the character in question in the face of events.
Les contrastes dans le roman populaire à l’exemple des Trois mousquetaires et du Comte de Monte-Cristo d’Alexandre Dumas
Les contrastes dans le roman populaire à l’exemple des Trois mousquetaires et du Comte de Monte-Cristo d’Alexandre Dumas
(The Contrasts in Popular Fiction Genre on the Example of The Three Musketeers and The Count of Monte-Cristo by Alexander Dumas)
- Author(s):Weronika Lesiak
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:171-184
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Popular Fiction; Alexander Dumas; Contrasts; 19th Century French Novels
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this article is to take a closer look at the nature of popular fiction and its inherent usage of contrasting elements. We would like to examine two Alexander Dumas’ novels, The Three Musketeers and The Count of Monte-Cristo in order to try to explain the aforementioned tendency as well as give examples illustrating it. In the first part of the text, we concentrate on premises of the genre in general. Having established those principles, we go on to analyse The Three Musketeers in the context of its contrasting features. We can divide this novel into three basic sets of oppositions: that between the cardinal and the queen, that between titular characters, accompanied by d’Artagnan, and finally that between main female characters, Constance and Milady. After the analysis of the first of the novels, we then proceed to study The Count of Monte-Cristo. We draw attention to its most distinctive contrasts which include, amongst others, the opposition between the protagonist’s two incarnations: Edmond Dantès and the count of Monte-Cristo. All in all, both novels rep-resent well the tendency to use contrasts as a means of characterization. The popular fiction’ structure which presupposes that the good must be victorious and the bad punished fits well with the utilisation of oppositions.
La multiplicité des contrastes dans la nouvelle « La Parure » de Guy de Maupassant
La multiplicité des contrastes dans la nouvelle « La Parure » de Guy de Maupassant
(The Multiplicity of Contrasts in Guy de Maupassant’s Short Story “La Parure”)
- Author(s):Emilia Antkiewicz
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:185-198
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Short Story; 19th Century; Contrasts; Female Protagonist; Hybris
- Summary/Abstract:The article is based on the notion of contrast and its role in creating a detailed and nuanced narration with psychologically complex heroes. Contrasts in question include those between poverty and richness, dreams and reality and being and pretending to be. The reflexion is enriched with a theatrical twist by questions concerning the role (or even hypothetical presence) of hybris in the process of creating an intricate composition and the possibility of a tragedy-like reading and interpretation of the short story.
La symbolique des femmes aquatiques dans la poésie française 1890-1899 : pureté vs volupté
La symbolique des femmes aquatiques dans la poésie française 1890-1899 : pureté vs volupté
(The Symbolism of Aquatic Women in French Poetry 1890-1899: Purity vs Voluptuousness)
- Author(s):Eliza Sasin
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:199-216
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Symbolism; Poetry; Water; Woman; Purity; Voluptuousness; Contrast
- Summary/Abstract:Water with its entire seascape, which includes both flora and fauna as well as figures from the mythological world, is one of the main elements of the poetic imagination that forms in the Symbolism. By analysing poems written in the years 1890-99 in the light of the thought of philosophers and mythocritics like Bachelard or Pierrot, we can notice a strong relationship between aquatic symbols and female characters. Focusing on mermaids, nymphs and Aphrodite, we can see that the poetic impressions are created on the basis of a contrast between purity and voluptuousness, which result from the features of the water, the archetypal features of the characters and attributes which are assigned to them during the poetic creation, and that their combination allowed the authors to develop poetic images nuanced and aestheticized relative to the original stories.
