Être en minorité, être minorité
To be in the minority, to be the minority
Contributor(s): Anita Staroń (Editor), Sebastian Zacharow (Editor)
Subject(s): History, Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Sociology, Social history, Ethnic Minorities Studies
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: minority
Summary/Abstract: This multi-author publication collects works of specialists from many scientific fields (including literary studies, cultural studies, sociology, history and more), representing various research centers (from Poland, France, Canada, the Czech Republic, and Saudi Arabia). Although this book’s main purpose isn’t to deal with myths regarding minorities in today’s society, it does provide a deeper understanding of minority-majority relations, based on solid historical and theoretical arguments.
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-10: 978-83-8088-8
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8088-896-8
- Page Count: 244
- Publication Year: 2017
- Language: French
Avant-propos
Avant-propos
(Foreword)
- Author(s):Anita Staroń, Sebastian Zacharow
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Editorial
- Page Range:7-9
- No. of Pages:3
Production des auteurs d’origine judéo-maghrébine, une littérature mineure ou minoritaire ?
Production des auteurs d’origine judéo-maghrébine, une littérature mineure ou minoritaire ?
(Literary production of Jewish writers from North African France: a minor or minority literature?)
- Author(s):Ewa Tartakowsky
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Jewish studies, French Literature
- Page Range:11-22
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Maghreb; Jewishness; Sephardim; minor literature; postcolonial; Jews from Maghreb; North Africa; judéités; sépharades; littérature mineure; Juifs du Maghreb; Afrique du Nord
- Summary/Abstract:The Literature of Jewish writers from North Africa in postcolonial France is a particularly sui¬table example for the analysis of what being in a minority and / or be a minority means. Indeed, the status of the Jews from Maghreb can be viewed in a twofold manner – as a minority from the point of view of legal and customary status and from the demographic point of view. The “minority” or “minor” refers first to the minority position of producers from this population in the global social space. It can give their literature a political-cultural dimension, as explained in the definition given to “minor literature” by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. The other aspect of the “minor” or “minority” character – close to the definition of Jacques Dubois – ori¬ginates from the fact that this population of authors consists not only of recognized writers in the literary field but also marginal authors. The “minor” term, in this second case, refers neither to the subversive capacity of the culturally dominated literary production nor to the use of a majority language by a minority. The objective is therefore to verify the relevance of the use of this term referred to a literary production of a minority group inscribed in and in interaction with a national and dominant literature.The Literature of Jewish writers from North Africa in postcolonial France is a particularly suitable example for the analysis of what being in a minority and / or be a minority means. Indeed, the status of the Jews from Maghreb can be viewed in a twofold manner – as a minority from the point of view of legal and customary status and from the demographic point of view. The “minority” or “minor” refers first to the minority position of producers from this population in the global social space. It can give their literature a political-cultural dimension, as explained in the definition given to “minor literature” by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. The other aspect of the “minor” or “minority” character – close to the definition of Jacques Dubois – originates from the fact that this population of authors consists not only of recognized writers in the literary field but also marginal authors. The “minor” term, in this second case, refers neither to the subversive capacity of the culturally dominated literary production nor to the use of a majority language by a minority. The objective is therefore to verify the relevance of the use of this term referred to a literary production of a minority group inscribed in and in interaction with a national and dominant literature.
Transmutation poétique du cri de l’homme noir : Césaire alchimiste dans Cahier d’un retour au pays natal
Transmutation poétique du cri de l’homme noir : Césaire alchimiste dans Cahier d’un retour au pays natal
(Poetical metamorphosis of black men’s cry :
Césaire as an alchemist in Cahier d’un retour au pays natal)
- Author(s):Annie Urbanik-Rizk
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:23-35
- No. of Pages:13
Analyse de l’ethos collectif des Français de confession musulmane dans la presse numérique et les réseaux sociaux
Analyse de l’ethos collectif des Français de confession musulmane dans la presse numérique et les réseaux sociaux
(Analysis of the collective ethos of French Muslims in the digital press and social network)
- Author(s):Hayame Hussein
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Media studies, Studies in violence and power, Ethnic Minorities Studies, Identity of Collectives
- Page Range:37-49
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Muslim minority; attacks in Paris; argumentation; discourse analysis; minorité musulmane; attentats de Paris; argumentation; analyse du discours; ethos
- Summary/Abstract:After Paris attacks in 2015, the image projected by the Muslim minority is very negative. The objective of this study is to analyze the discursive construction of the collective ethos of the Muslim minority in France, through the speeches in media. Our corpus consists of a group of digital texts (articles, blogs, forums, social media, etc.) Our search is at the crossroads of two disciplines: argumentation and discourse analysis. Our analysis proceeds in four steps: first, we present the impact of Paris attacks on the Muslim minority. Then, we study the preliminary ethos of Muslims as it is constructed in the media. Afterwards, we analyze the collective ethos self-attributed, presented by Muslims in response to their negative ethos. Finally, we study the arguments they advance to rework this negative preliminary ethos.
Faire apprivoiser l’autre : sur les campagnes contre l’homophobie en Pologne, France et Italie
Faire apprivoiser l’autre : sur les campagnes contre l’homophobie en Pologne, France et Italie
(Taming the ‘odd’ ones, a comparison of anti-homophobia campaigns in Poland, France, and Italy)
- Author(s):Joanna Ciesielska
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:51-60
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:anti-homophobia; campaigns; Poland; France; Italy; publicité sociétale; homophobie; Pologne; Italie
- Summary/Abstract:The objective of the article is to present as well as compare 21st century anti-homophobia campaigns in Poland, France, and Italy. The information found in the printed press was used as the research material. The author presents legal situations of the LGBT communities in the aforementioned countries and moves on to analyzing lexical and visual means used in the campaigns that attempt to persuade society that the ‘odd’ ones (mostly homosexuals, lesbians, bisexuals, and transsexuals) are deserving of respect and equal treatment. Materials that concerned different forms of legalization of single-sex relationships were not the subject of this analysis.
La domination des cerveaux et des corps
La domination des cerveaux et des corps
(The domination of brains and bodies)
- Author(s):Alain Leduc
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:61-71
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Sade; Mirbeau; Vailland; religion; atheism; athéisme
- Summary/Abstract:Has reading and studying Sade, Octave Mirbeau or Roger Vailland become impossible?Are atheists, secularists, materialists now ostracized minority in Europe? It seems that in France, Ireland, Poland, Portugal, etc., henceforth, debating between the believers, the religious faithful, is only allowed. Followers and representatives of the three revealed religions, basically.In the face of the decline of free thinking, prejudices that multiply, we must defend the heritage of the Enlightenment, their values, against obscurantism in full revival. The values of reason, knowledge, education.The author, a careful reader of Sade, a board member of the Friends of Octave Mirbeau, creator and editor of the site Roger Vailland, will build on these three writers, decidedly atheistic and materialistic.All three are direct descendants of the Enlightenment. Straight away for the first, the second at the turn of two centuries, the nineteenth and twentieth, the third dead here fifty years, in 1965.
La rhétorique révolutionnaire à l’épreuve des minorités sexuelles dans quatre pamphlets de la Révolution française
La rhétorique révolutionnaire à l’épreuve des minorités sexuelles dans quatre pamphlets de la Révolution française
(When the revolutionary rhetoric meets sexual minorities)
- Author(s):Przemysław Szczur
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:73-82
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:French Revolution; pamphlet; sexuality; sexual minority; Révolution française; sexualité; minorité sexuelle
- Summary/Abstract:The paper discusses the way the rhetoric of human rights, characteristic of the French Revolution, deals with the subject of sexual minorities. The Revolution can be seen as a transition period in which the revolutionary rhetoric collides some ancient images of sexual minorities. The limits of this rhetoric are tested in pamphlets where these minorities appear and that are also full of ancient images: Les Enfans de Sodome à l’Assemblée Nationale, Requête et décret en faveur des putains, des fouteuses, des macquerelles et des branleuses contre les bougres, les bardaches et les brûleurs de paillasses, Les Petits Bougres au Manège and La Liberté ou Mlle Raucourt.
L’« enfant terrible » de Galicie. Les idées de modernité dans les discours sur la culture de Leszek Dunin Borkowski
L’« enfant terrible » de Galicie. Les idées de modernité dans les discours sur la culture de Leszek Dunin Borkowski
(The “enfant terrible” of the Galician Negotiations on a new cultural reality in the speeches of Leszek Dunin Borkowski)
- Author(s):Tadeusz Półchłopek
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:83-92
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Borkowski Leszek Dunin; “enfant terrible”; Galicia; literature; minority; romantic discurses; « enfant terrible »; Galicie; littérature; minorité; discours romantique
- Summary/Abstract:Kazimierz Wyka called Leszek Dunin Borkowski the “enfant terrible” of the Galician society. Entire his life (both as an artist and a politician), being an idealistic romantic, he discoursed on constructing the new social reality understood as accomplishment of a romantic image of the world and such a need of directing human actions. Borkowski was in ‘the minority’ of his own sphere (Parochialism, 1843), venal writers (Cymbalada, 1845), religious institutions (Lech’s Prophecies, 1848) and political correctness (The Rakuski Legislative Seym with Special Attention to the Polish Mission, 1849; The First Slavic Seym in Lvov 1865–1866 by an Eyewitness, 1884). He was also in ‘the minority’ as a pertinacious critic of acknowledged authorities (A Little Bit About Stanisław Tarnowski’s Experience and Contemplations, 1892; Because of the Florian Ziemiałkowski’s Open Letter to Józef Szujski, 1867).
Polonais et étrangers : les nôtres et les autres dans le milieu universitaire de Vilnius en 1803–1825
Polonais et étrangers : les nôtres et les autres dans le milieu universitaire de Vilnius en 1803–1825
(The Poles and foreigners, or “fellows” and “strangers” in the scientific community of Vilnius University between 1803 and 1825)
- Author(s):Jolanta Kowal
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Cultural history, History of Education, Ethnic Minorities Studies, Sociology of Education
- Page Range:93-101
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:„Dziennik Wileński”; foreigners; Frank Józef; Polish People; Śniadecki Jan; Vilnius University; Vilnius; Le Journal de Vilnius; les étrangers; les nôtres; les Polonais; Université de Vilnius; Vilna
- Summary/Abstract:Along with the vocation to exist in 1803 for Imperial Vilnius University, an extensive search action of recruiting foreigners to professorial positions started on the initiative of the Rev. guardian – Adam Jerzy Czartoryski. The professors-Poles, gathered around Jan Śniadecki, opposed to this idea from the very beginning. This division into the Poles and foreigners will begin to tell on itself within the scientific community of the college from now on. Not only ethnic, but also of outlook, political and economic differences were the underlying reason for a mutual animosity. Of course it had a negative influence on the efficient scientific activity of Vilnius University, for example, on publishing magazines which editors were predominantly recruited exactly from the intellectual circle of Vilnius Alma Mater. These fights among both clans had lasted till about 1825 when their chief participants (G.E. Groddeck, J. Frank, J. Śniadecki or S.B. Jundziłł) left the stage.
La minorité polonaise ou la préhistoire des enseignements langues et cultures d’origines en France (1919–1939)
La minorité polonaise ou la préhistoire des enseignements langues et cultures d’origines en France (1919–1939)
(The Polish minority or the prehistoric period of teaching Languages and Cultures of Origin in France (1919–1939))
- Author(s):Jean-Luc Sochacki
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language studies, Foreign languages learning, Social history, History of Education, Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:103-112
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:immigration/emigration; Polonity; Stara emigracja; Polish Minority; Languages and Cultures of Origin; education programme; immigration/émigration; Polonité; Minorité polonaise
- Summary/Abstract:In 1919, France and Poland signed a Convention on emigration/immigration in order to expedite the sending of Polish workers to France. No clause in this document provided for the schooling of Polish children. French employers and Polish workers then set up a Polish-speaking education programme.With a view to possibly and soon returning to their homeland, maintaining Polish identity was necessary and entailed that people learn their native language, but also all about Poland’s history and geography. Faced with the creation of these “Polish classes”, several government circulars were published in the 1920s to regulate these teachings and authorise foreign instructors, thus infringing the principle of non-differentiation of children educated under the French Republican school system. When studying this issue of Polish lessons taught in France between 1919 and 1939, it is interesting to see how the Polish minority held a vital (and enduring) role in the establishment of the Native Languages and Cultures education programme in France (the ELCO, still currently at the heart of a debate).
Les Mystères du peuple d’Eugène Sue, une guerre des Gaules du XIXe siècle : de la minorité culturelle à l’hégémonie identitaire
Les Mystères du peuple d’Eugène Sue, une guerre des Gaules du XIXe siècle : de la minorité culturelle à l’hégémonie identitaire
(Eugène Sue’s Les Mystères du peuple: a Gallic War
of the XIXth century: From the cultural minority
to the hegemony of identity)
- Author(s):Laure LÉVÊQUE
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:113-123
- No. of Pages:11
- Summary/Abstract:In the light of the heavy, long-term consequences of the French revolution in the 19th c., one can read Eugène Sue’s Les Mystères du peuple as a tentative rehabilitation of the Gauls – who were soon to impose themselves as emblems of France in Henri Martin and Lavisse’s canonical history – in the wake of Sieyès’ handling of the Third Estate on the eve of the French revolution. Having been marginalized for a long time by the Franks, what have they been until now? Almost nothing, at least not much in the hands of certain scholars concerned with using indigenous people – perceived as a cultural minority de spite their numerical majority, to consolidate a national myth. What do they wish to be? Everything. As representatives of the people and of the popular masses they have then come to embody, they claim outpost access to the “nation”.
Les « petits naturalistes » et Émile Zola : redécouvrir ceux que le maître de Médan éclipsa
Les « petits naturalistes » et Émile Zola : redécouvrir ceux que le maître de Médan éclipsa
(The “little naturalists” and Émile Zola: rediscovering those whom the master of Médan eclipsed)
- Author(s):Élise Guignon
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:125-133
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:naturalism; minority; history of literature; naturalism; minorité; Zola; Médaniens; histoire littéraire
- Summary/Abstract:Those that the history of literature calls « petits naturalistes » are often considered as minor writers, as if they had presented an interest only because they were part of the entourage of Émile Zola. Otherwise, when we take the time to read their works, it quickly seems obvious that Paul Alexis, Henry Céard and Léon Hennique knew how to take their distances from the master and, moreover, that they each had a particular style. In their vision of the world, of humanity, the way they managed their stories, their approach of narrativity and their games with narrative genres and forms, they turned out to have a great importance in the transition between the end of the 19th century and 20th in the question of arts and literature.
Le cas Didier Eribon. Une lutte contre « l’infériorisation sexuelle et l’infériorisation sociale »
Le cas Didier Eribon. Une lutte contre « l’infériorisation sexuelle et l’infériorisation sociale »
(The case of Didier Eribon. A struggle against "gender and social inferiorization")
- Author(s):Georges A. Bertrand
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:135-142
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:sociology; marginalization; homosexuality; social classes; sociologie; marginalisation; homosexualité; classes sociales
- Summary/Abstract:“After his father’s death, Didier Eribon went back to Reims, his hometown, and rediscovered a social background that he more or less broke up with thirty years before”. Those are the first lines of the book Retour à Reims’s summary, in which the French sociologist talks about his childhood, his teenage years, and the fundamental traits that built his personality, including his homosexuality. He also describes his upward social mobility and his shame at “betraying” – in a sense – his origins.To be on the fringe of society for two different reasons is a perpetual suffering, resulting from past circumstances; we are not responsible for what we are, but we must grow from there on, and our life will, in most cases, be the result of an “act”, a pretence amongst a thousand concealments.
Jean Cocteau, comment être grand en étant minoritaire
Jean Cocteau, comment être grand en étant minoritaire
(Jean Cocteau and the Death)
- Author(s):Miroslava Novotná
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Studies of Literature, Film / Cinema / Cinematography
- Page Range:143-150
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Jean Cocteau; death; theatre; poetry; mort; théâtre; film; poésie
- Summary/Abstract:During all his life Jean Cocteau (1889–1963) was facing death. The death has been taking away his best friends so often and harshly that the death necessarily had become one of the most important, if not directly the principal, figures of his works (the movies The Death of Poet, Orfeus, The Testament of Orfeus, theatre plays Bacchus, Antigona, Evil Machine and others). Perhaps that is the reason why Cocteau all his life was seeking ways how to draw close to death, how to include it into his poetic imagery. The Death as a character in his works tends to be Noblewoman, Princess, a beautiful woman who loves the poet and tries to do everything possible to draw close to him.In this paper we deal with the personality of death (The Death) mainly in author´s theatre and film creation, the psychologic-literatural essence of the Death, its influence on author´s creative attitudes.The work and the life of Cocteau always rose many reactions full of contradiction. But it is indisputable that today Cocteau´s work is accepted more positively than during his life. In the Czech ambient just a fragment of his vast literatural work is known.
Rachilde, homme de lettres. Sexe et exclusion
Rachilde, homme de lettres. Sexe et exclusion
(Rachilde, homme de lettres. Gender and exclusion)
- Author(s):Anita Staroń
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:151-162
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:feminism; minority; literary criticism; Rachilde; féminisme; minorité; critique littéraire
- Summary/Abstract:At a time when the voice of feminists is getting stronger and the number of women writers is increasing, Rachilde’s position seems ambiguous, if not paradoxical. A woman writer herself, an author of several novels appreciated by the public, a literary critic at the Mercure de France, she could become an important figure in the feminist movement. And yet she systematically flouts its claims; she also remains very critical of the women’s writing, of which she refuses to be a part. Hence, it seems interesting to look for the causes of such an attitude. The scope of the subject and, even more, the contradictory statements of Rachilde herself, will at most allow us to formulate some hypotheses. However, we shall examine more closely the problem of Rachilde’s belonging to one or more minorities.
La musique rap et les minorités ethniques des banlieues populaires françaises
La musique rap et les minorités ethniques des banlieues populaires françaises
(Rap music and ethnic minorities of French suburbs)
- Author(s):Małgorzata Kamecka
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Music, Ethnic Minorities Studies, Sociology of Art
- Page Range:163-173
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:rap music; rappers; ethnic minorities; French suburbs; History; musique rap; rappeurs; minorités ethniques; banlieues en France; Histoire
- Summary/Abstract:The author of the article is interested in the subjects touched upon in the texts of French rappers. The first part of the paper presents a short story of rap in France, next characterizes suburbs of big French cities, and then goes on to the analysis of selected authors’ lyrics (MC Solaar, Ministère A.M.E.R., Disiz, Assassin and Keny Arkana).In the 1990s French rappers became spokespersons for socially marginalized residents of the suburbs of French agglomerations and, on their behalf, refer to important social problems, among which important to mention are: exclusion, unemployment, injustice, racial discrimination as well as disappointment in the model of integration. The rappers also make a reckoning with history restoring the memory of the colonial past of their ancestors. The author of the article forms a thesis that the engaged texts expressing social criticism become an anthropological record of the situation of ethnic minorities in France and make a significant voice in the process of forming their identity.
Le hip-hop – culture d’une minorité qui se rebelle
Le hip-hop – culture d’une minorité qui se rebelle
(Hip Hop – Culture of a Rebellious Minority)
- Author(s):Andrzej Napieralski
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Language studies, Music, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:175-185
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:hip-hop; rap; sociolinguistics; FCC; French rap; polish rap; sociolinguistique; rap français; rap polonais
- Summary/Abstract:The hip-hop in the early days of its appearance is a tool to claim the rights by an oppressed community in front of a dominant group. This culture that is rather young has grown considerably in most countries of the world where it have been adapted to the needs of disadvantaged social groups fighting for their causes. In this research, based on French and Polish rap texts, we will demonstrate how the supporters of a minority movement are trying to fight to avoid being subject to a system they do not accept. Inspired by the concept of Pierre Bourdieu and “marchés-francs”, as well as by the Jean-Pierre Goudaillier idea of the FCC (the language of the French cities) we will demonstrate the linguistic tools for hip-hop supporters to face a dominant group.
Entre fiction cinématographique et engagement littéraire : la banlieue parisienne se raconte
Entre fiction cinématographique et engagement littéraire : la banlieue parisienne se raconte
(Between cinema fiction and literary commitment: the suburbs of Paris tell their story)
- Author(s):Claudia Mansueto
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Film / Cinema / Cinematography
- Page Range:187-196
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:suburb; cinema; literature; knowledge; valorization; banlieue; cinéma; littérature; connaissance; valorization
- Summary/Abstract:Paris suburb capture the attention of intellectuals for its heterogeneity: precipice or theater where survive genuine hopes, the banlieue become the pillar of a complex world, a schizophrenic universe where poetry and violence merge. Fascinated by the richness of this existential context, writers and filmmakers from the 80s, transforming the city of Paris in the ideal scenario tell the beauty of life, the dazzling magic of human existence. Mehdi Charef with the novel, Le thé d’Archi Ahmed, Abdellatif Kechiche with the film L’Esquive and Laurent Cantet with Entre les murs show peripheral existential universe.
« Être minorité » dans le théâtre de Jean Anouilh
« Être minorité » dans le théâtre de Jean Anouilh
(« To be a minority » in Jean Anouilh’s theatre)
- Author(s):Sylwia Kucharuk
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:197-204
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:minority; majority; dominance; minorité; majorité; domination
- Summary/Abstract:In his plays Jean Anouilh often raised the issues of discrimination, intolerance and the dominance of certain social groups over others. Minorities, however, were commonly portrayed in a negative light, and their striving for equality was mocked. It is not surprising then, that the attitude of the author aroused some controversies.In several of the plays which were analysed in this article, Anouilh in an interesting manner reverses the dominance dynamics between the minority and the majority to reveal certain universal truths about humans. He shows in a satirical way what happens when minority groups neglect or intentionally violate the rights of others in their efforts to achieve equality. Once oppressed they become the oppressors. That leads to the vicious-circle effect and the lack of social order. It seems that Anouilh postulates compromise and mutual tolerance between minorities and the majority, because, according to him, only on the basis of these two values can social justice be built.
La voix des femmes dans le théâtre français de ontestation sociale au tournant du XXe siècle
La voix des femmes dans le théâtre français de
ontestation sociale au tournant du XXe siècle
(The voice of women in the French theater of contest
at the turn of the twentieth century)
- Author(s):Tomasz Kaczmarek
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts
- Page Range:205-219
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Vera Starkoff; Nelly Roussel; feminist theater; anarchy; didactic drama; théâtre féministe; anarchie; drame didactique
- Summary/Abstract:Until recently not many people recognize the feminist theater movement existing in the end of the 19th century. For almost a century it was condemned to oblivion for above all political reasons. Most scholars were focused on anarchist male authors while in this the article works of the two feminine authors are analyzed, these include: Vera Starkoff and Nelly Roussel. Starkoff, the Russian Jew, was inspired by Tolstoy, Zola and Ibsen, and wrote the didactic dramas in which she discussed gender inequality between men and women at that time. She in her works seems to be more moderate then Roussel who is more uncompromising in her works. Roussel ridicules canonic values represented by the Roman-Catholic Church enslaving not only women but each individual’s thinking.
Minorité francophone défavorisée dans la dramaturgie de Marcel Dubé : Zone (1953), Florence (1957), Un simple soldat (1958)
Minorité francophone défavorisée dans la dramaturgie de Marcel Dubé : Zone (1953), Florence (1957), Un simple soldat (1958)
(Disadvantaged francophone minority in the theater of Marcel Dubé Zone (1953), Florence (1957), An ordinary soldier (1958))
- Author(s):Renata Jakubczuk
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:221-231
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Quebec theater; Marcel Dubé; rebellion; French minority; théâtre québécois; révolte; minorité francophone
- Summary/Abstract:A major figure in the Quebec Theater, Marcel Dubé belongs to the generation of the playwrights that introduces the francophone theater to French Canada. Born in 1930, contemporaneous with Michel Tremblay, Jean Barbeau, Antonine Maillet and Michel Garneau, becomes known to the public at large by his play Zone, written in 1953, in a period of a “great political and economic darkness”. Subsequently, Florence from 1957 and An ordinary soldier from 1958, depict a minority of young disadvantaged people; a francophone minority facing all powerful Anglophones. The main characters of these three plays as representatives of an entire generation in the history of Quebec, serve us as an example in order to show a certain reality of francophone Canada.
Minorités sexuelles et libertinage dans l’oeuvre d’Evdokia Nagrodskaïa
Minorités sexuelles et libertinage dans l’oeuvre d’Evdokia Nagrodskaïa
(Sexual minorities and libertinism in the works of Evdokia Nagrodskaia)
- Author(s):Luc Leguérinel
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:233-243
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:the Silver Age; Russian writer; libertinism; adultery; homosexuality; lesbianism; l’âge d’argent; écrivain russe; libertinage; adultère; homosexualité; lesbianisme
- Summary/Abstract:The author aims to present the work of Evdokia Nagrodskaia, a Russian author now fallen into oblivion. To do this, he briefly discusses the literary context of the time and her biography, before analyzing in greater depth her book The Wrath of Dionysus, which was a bestseller in Russia in the early 20th century. He tries, through the analysis of this novel, to rediscover a novelist both despised by the Russian intelligentsia for writing popular literature, and strongly criticized by the former censors for treating themes related both to female adultery, homosexuality and lesbianism. By that he’s trying to show that Nagrodskaia is primarily a novelist avant-garde which deals with libertinism far more than pornography and that her freethinking is both sexual and political.
