Motywy fauny i flory w literaturze i kulturze. Analecta Literackie i Językowe, tom IX
The Motifs of Fauna and Flora in Literature and Culture. Literary and Language Analects, vol. 9
Contributor(s): Michał Kuran (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Sociology, Human Ecology
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: animals in mythology; fauna and flora in literature and culture; mimicry in literature; ecological humanities
Summary/Abstract: From a scientific point of view, the publication should be assessed as a successful and valuable series of literary and cultural studies on the general phenomenon of mimicry in literature and other areas of art (with numerous references to zoology, botany, geography, ethnology and anthropology). Fauna and flora are treated here as natural phenomena on the one hand, and on the other as a reference point for determining the human condition through the use of proven instruments (exempla, heraldry, bestiaries, “cloister garths” poems collections, etc.). Works on the subject prove that insightful observation of the world of flora and fauna can well have a culture-forming function. In this approach, literary material becomes an exponent of an unconventional view of nature (both native and exotic), an interesting attempt to go beyond the stereotypical perception of animals and plants in various cultural circles. I would describe the methodological assumptions as hermeneutic inquiries within ecological humanities. They come down to searching for various meanings given to fauna and flora in literary works (or, broadly speaking, in cultural references). … In most perspectives, the animal and plant kingdom has been recognized as a phenomenological category, which allowed researchers to focus not only on the view and description, but also on exploring hidden meanings. At the time when more and more attention is being paid to the role of ecology in the life of societies and to the urgent need for respecting its principles, there is also an increasing demand for ecological humanities. This volume meets therefore current social expectations.
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8142-193-5
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8142-192-8
- Page Count: 388
- Publication Year: 2018
- Language: Polish
Motywy fauny i flory w literaturze i kulturze — wprowadzenie do monografii
Motywy fauny i flory w literaturze i kulturze — wprowadzenie do monografii
(Motifs of Fauna and Flora in Literature and Culture — Introduction to Monograph)
- Author(s):Michał Kuran
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:7-38
- No. of Pages:32
- Keywords:fauna and flora;plants and animals in literature and culture;literature for children;bestiaries and viridaries;symbols of plants and animals
- Summary/Abstract:The study is divided into two parts. The first („Fauna and flora in researches over literature and culture” (subjective choice of issues)) presents in a draft chosen examples considered here as the most important issues regarding presence of fauna and flora mainly in literature and wider culture (chosen aspects), beginning from Bible and Mythology to the Old Polish literature and finishing in current times. The study signals such issues as symbols of plants and animals, their presence in exempla, literary animal fable, viridaries and bestiaries, function of plants and animals in creating descriptive world in literary and film output dedicated to children, finally fauna and flora in proverbs. The second part of the study („Paths leading to the current monograph attempt”) shows scientific and organizational circumstances of ’The Motifs of Fauna And Flora in Literature and Culture’ conference, which was held in University of Łodź 11th June 2016, approaches also main problems discussed in monograph. Particular studies concentrate on the following topics: In te circle of Mythology, Symbolics, Oddities and phantasies, Philosophical perspective, Moralization and appraisal and Descriptions.
"Lupus in fabula". Owidiańska metamorfoza w średniowieczu na przykładzie pseudoowidianum "De lupo"
"Lupus in fabula". Owidiańska metamorfoza w średniowieczu na przykładzie pseudoowidianum "De lupo"
("Lupus in fabula". The Ovidian Metamorphosis in the Middle Ages and the Pseudo-Ovidian "De lupo")
- Author(s):Adam Jegorow
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:41-53
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Ovid;pseudo-Ovidiana;medieval literature;fable
- Summary/Abstract:This paper examines the role of Ovidian backdrop in the textual transmission of a medieval pseudo- Ovidian poem „De lupo”. The aim of the analysis is to explain in the light of medieval poetics some dynamics concerning the false authorial attribution, by showing a common understanding of thematic and functional affinities between „Metamorphoses” and the animal literature in the educational processes. The subsequent textual transformations are demonstrated by the manuscript evidence of three Polish 15th-century codices (Krakow, BJ 2141, 2233; Wrocław, Biblioteka Uniwersytecka, IV Q. 126), which transmit a latter alternative version of the poem.
„Ty potworze dzikszy niż Cerber w Hadesie... Psie wstrętnie cuchnący, żmijowa naturo...”, czyli o odniesieniach do zwierząt w inwektywie Michała Psellosa na mnicha Sabbaitę
„Ty potworze dzikszy niż Cerber w Hadesie... Psie wstrętnie cuchnący, żmijowa naturo...”, czyli o odniesieniach do zwierząt w inwektywie Michała Psellosa na mnicha Sabbaitę
(„You Monster Wilder Than Cerberus in Hades... You Dog Stinking Disgustingly, you Viper’s Nature...” About References to Animals in Michael Psellos’ Invective on Monk Sabbaitam)
- Author(s):Magdalena Garnczarska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:55-72
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Michael Psellos;monk Sabbaitam;invective;Byzantine poetry
- Summary/Abstract:Michael Pselllos (1018–c. 1076) was a comprehensively educated Byzantine intellectual and politician. Now he is the best known as the author of "Chronicles" (Χρονογραφία), but he wrote much more texts (for example about theology, rhetoric, philosophy, natural history, agriculture). One of the little-known works is his invective on monk Sabbaitam. It is not very long poem in which he used some references to animals — both domestic and mythological (for example: dog, viper, pig, dragon, Cerberus). Psellos chose insults which were based on pejorative animal appellatives. It is worth analyzing these abuses in the context of the Byzantine culture.
Świat słowiańskich bóstw i ich wpływ na dziecięcego czytelnika (na przykładzie wybranych utworow ze zbioru „Priče iz davnine” Ivany Brlić Mažuranić)
Świat słowiańskich bóstw i ich wpływ na dziecięcego czytelnika (na przykładzie wybranych utworow ze zbioru „Priče iz davnine” Ivany Brlić Mažuranić)
(Slavic Mythology in the Service of Teaching. „Priče iz Davnine” by Ivana Brlić Mažuranić)
- Author(s):Monika Sagało
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Croatian Literature, Slovenian Literature
- Page Range:73-82
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Croatian literature;Slavic mythology;child
- Summary/Abstract:Ivana Brlić Mažuranić published her collection of stories for children titled „Priče iz davnine” in 1916. In this piece of work the main characters are deities known from Slavic mythology. Domaći, Stribor, Zora-djevojka or Svarožić are some of the characters that accompany people in their daily life. Some of them help people, while others subject them to trials, but first of all, they allow people to discover the truth about themselves and become happy. Reading such stories young readers can find out what rules they should follow their lives. Furthermore, pieces of work like the one presented herein can help to develop people’s interest in ancient beliefs and their national culture.
Geneza i rola drzew w mitologii japońskiej w świetle "Kojiki" i "Nihongi"
Geneza i rola drzew w mitologii japońskiej w świetle "Kojiki" i "Nihongi"
(Origin and Role of Trees in the Japanese Mythology in the Light of "Kojiki" and "Nihongi")
- Author(s):Dawid Wesołowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:83-97
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Japan;mythology;chronicles;flora;trees;forests
- Summary/Abstract:Animistic cults and religions are characterized by belief, that every part of the world, both alive and inanimate, contain soul or spirit. One of those is Japanese indigenous religion — shintō. The world of Japanese mythology revolves around anthropomorphic deities — kami and countless spirits that manifests in fauna, flora and in various phenomena of nature. Description of creation of the world and all its elements was written down in chronicles „Kojiki” and „Nihongi”. Cosmogony in Japanese mythology equals teogony and thanks to that it is possible to analyze origin of trees, as well as genealogy of deities responsible for that part of the flora. By studying texts of chronicles in Polish and English translations along with Japanese original I would like to show mythical beginnings of specific trees in Japan — first ancestor and origin of specific species — and role they played in history of a mythical heroes. Among others, paper presents theory of origin of sakaki and also a potential identification of the uncanny tree that grew near Uki river.
Motywy zwierzęce w Apokalipsie św. Jana
Motywy zwierzęce w Apokalipsie św. Jana
(Themes Animal in the Apocalypse of St. John)
- Author(s):Kamila Korabik
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:101-109
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:apocalypse;fauna;symbolizm;St. John;
- Summary/Abstract:This article is a discussion on the symbolism of the animals that appear in the Apocalypse of St. John, and of the part they play. Motives of the Satan and the lamb have been analyzed in special way. There is also a reference to how the particular species of the animals of the Apocalypse evolved throughout the pages of the Old Testament. The reference is supported by properly chosen citations.
Symbolika laski marszałkowskiej w świetle zachowanej ikonografii i literatury
Symbolika laski marszałkowskiej w świetle zachowanej ikonografii i literatury
(Symbolism of Marshall’s Cane in the Light of Iconography and Literature)
- Author(s):Paulina Mielnik
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:111-124
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:marshal;marshal’s stick;symbolism;attribute
- Summary/Abstract:This article is an attempt to answer a question how does the Marshall’s cane, shown from different scientific prospects, includes allegorical meaning. As the attribute of Marshall’s office it was an important communicative item. Alongside with a written word, verbal system as well as a picture, sign and symbol were means of transmission for illiterate community. The cane is the emblem of power and refinement, equipped in a rich symbolism, empowers and constructs the dignity of Marshall’s office. Fauna and flora motives visible in its complex system of symbolism emphasizes additionally its value.
Symbolika „zwierzęca” w twórczości Güntera Grassa
Symbolika „zwierzęca” w twórczości Güntera Grassa
(„Animal” Symbolism in the Work of Günter Grass)
- Author(s):Estera Głuszko-Boczoń
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:125-134
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:animal;symbol;forewarning;melancholy;past;history
- Summary/Abstract:The article aims to present diversity of animal symbolism in the work of the German Noble laureate. The animal motif — from dog to snail — is frequently explored by Grass. In numerous works, the animal plays a prominent role which allows to read the content in a multidimensional way. The animals foreshadow the future, forewarn and encourage reflection. They become a motif that gives room to further contemplation.
Zwierzęta — niezwierzęta, ludzie — nieludzie. Komiczni herosi w "Spitamegeranomachii" Jana Achacego Kmity
Zwierzęta — niezwierzęta, ludzie — nieludzie. Komiczni herosi w "Spitamegeranomachii" Jana Achacego Kmity
(Animals — Non-Animals, Humans — Non-Humans. Comic Heroes in "Spitamegeranomachia" by Jan Achacy Kmita)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Goszczyńska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:137-151
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:"Spitamegeranomachia";Jan Achacy Kmita;the battle between Pygmies and cranes;human-animal hybrids
- Summary/Abstract:The first Polish mock-heroic poem, the 16th century Spitamegeranomachia by Jan Achacy Kmita, is a playful and ingenious way of blurring the boundary between the human and animal worlds. This literary adaptation of the ancient Greek myth of the annual crusade attacks on small Pygmies (geranomachia) is a description of regular war in which birds were greatly humanized while at the same time the prestige of their human antagonist was lowered. Another origin of Kmita’s comic heroes was a paradoxography of the Historia naturalis by Pliny the Elder. It embraced images of semi-human, semi-animal creatures (hybrids) and human monsters, which enriched the image of the collective hero of the Spitamegeranomachia with another animal-non-animal and human-inhuman exempla.
Fauna, flora i cudowność — zagadki Wojciecha Tylkowskiego
Fauna, flora i cudowność — zagadki Wojciecha Tylkowskiego
(Wildlife and Mirability — Wojciech Tylkowski’s Riddles)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Deskur
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:153-158
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:baroque;scientia curiosa;natural science;science;popularization of knowledge
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to analiyze the motives connected with a natural science in scientific treatise written by Wojciech Tylkowski — The Wise Conversations. Wildlife, animals and plants are important components of Tylkowski’s work — and a scientific interest in the evironment let researchers recognize The Wise Conversations as an example of very atractive type of Baroque literary production, called scientia curiosa (“interesting science”). In general this kind of literature is known of science popularization, making common knowledgle more fascinating and encouraging people to pay some attention to scientific questions.
Fauna w "Tygodniu stworzenia świata" Wacława Potockiego
Fauna w "Tygodniu stworzenia świata" Wacława Potockiego
(Fauna in "The Creation Week" by Wacław Potocki)
- Author(s):Patrycja Głuszak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:159-168
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:baroque;Wacław Potocki;"Tydzień stworzenia świata" ("The Creation Week");biblical epic;encyclopedism;animals
- Summary/Abstract:The article is a study of the historical and literary background, as well as the encyclopedism of an early poem by Wacław Potocki, "Tydzień stworzenia świata" ("The Creation Week"). The author of the article discusses the classification of various animal species found in the poem and, basing on examples from the poem, shows the zoological prowess of the baroque poet, who ascribes various traits and properties to the creatures. The essay concludes with a proposal that curiositas (Latin for curiosities) present in the poem serve as an expression of Hexameron’s central truth — “God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that move along the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good” (Genesis 1:24– 25).
Fauna i flora w "Igrzyskach śmierci" Suzanne Collins
Fauna i flora w "Igrzyskach śmierci" Suzanne Collins
(Genetically Modified Fauna and Flora in "The Hunger Games" by Suzanne Collins)
- Author(s):Beata Zielonka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:169-175
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:fantasy;flora;fauna;genetics;dehumanization;self-destruction
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this article was to demonstrate and inspire the fantasy literature addressed to young readers with motifs of flora and fauna. Plants and animals used by Capitol were subjected to intimidation, and were eventually used against the creator. Well-developed technology has created a world of chimeras and hybrids. Genetic animals are examples of dehumanization tributes and represent the final debasement districts. They hurt people physically and mentally, without any inhibitions. The names of the characters refer to the flora. Berries are a symbol of rebellion and social revolution and the nuns hope. Paradoxically, positively indexed in culture became the rose flower of death and hypocrisy of President Snow.
Wobec tajemnicy istnienia: o sposobach doświadczania świata w utworze Józefa Weyssenhoffa "Soból i panna"
Wobec tajemnicy istnienia: o sposobach doświadczania świata w utworze Józefa Weyssenhoffa "Soból i panna"
(The Mystery of Existence: on How to Experience the World in Joseph Weyssenhoffs "Sable and the Lady")
- Author(s):Patrycja Pietrasik
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:179-186
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Weyssenhoff;novel of the Young Poland;language imaging means;man and nature
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is to show what are the characters of Joseph Weyssenhoff’s „Sable and the lady” perceptions of the world. It addresses the specificity of the descriptions of nature, which undoubtedly affect the characters of the novel. A great part of the novel is devoted to the relations between humans and nature, which indicates that there exists a special bond between them. On the basis of the reflections mentioned in the novel we observe a sort of connection between the environment and human life. We can distinguish similarities in terms of character creation and their surroundings, as well as highlighting important elements such as personification of the descriptions of nature and animals, the influence of nature on the feelings and behavior of the characters, which often varies along with changes of their mood; poetic thoughts influenced by the contemplation of nature, the presence of fauna and flora in the most important events of the characters’ lives.
Kanibalistyczna uczta. O wszechcierpieniu fauny i flory w "Niedokonanym" Tadeusza Micińskiego
Kanibalistyczna uczta. O wszechcierpieniu fauny i flory w "Niedokonanym" Tadeusza Micińskiego
(A Cannibalistic Feast. The Universal Pain of Fauna and Flora in Tadeusz Miciński’s "Niedokonany")
- Author(s):Bartłomiej Borek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:187-196
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Lucifer;nature;gnosis;death
- Summary/Abstract:Since antiquity the depiction of nature has been involving subjective observation of the space surrounding, and often has been overwhelming, its observers. Beginning with the motif of locus amoenus and concluding with locus horridus, literary representations of fauna and flora have become more and more intriguing. The portrayal of nature in Tadeusz Miciński’s poem "Niedokonany" seems to be an adequate example of such a riveting depiction. This peculiar sea of darkness, much like an enclave without an exit, is a trap for anyone who dives into it. In the article the author presents significant findings about the gnostic view of nature. Special attention is paid to the motifs of cricket, phoenix, lotus in Egyptian culture, and to the motif of predatory wasp, analysed in the context of the Bergsonian interpretation of the insect’s maternity phenomenon.
Ukryte życie roślin w literaturze fantastycznej przełomu XIX i XX wieku
Ukryte życie roślin w literaturze fantastycznej przełomu XIX i XX wieku
(Hidden Life of Plants in the Science Fiction Literature in the Turn of XIXth and XXth Century)
- Author(s):Dariusz Piechota
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:197-205
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:hybids;ecocriticism;biocentrism;fantastic
- Summary/Abstract:This article presents an analysis and interpretation of different images of plants in the fantastic literature in the turn of 19th and 20th century. The author indicates two images of them. First (described by Wiśniowski in „Flying Tree”) presents plant as a very empathic creature which helps people to survive in a harsh condition. Second (described by Wells and Lovecraft) presents plant as a predacious creature which wants to kill and devour humans. Plants in science fiction literature are hybrids; they contain features typical for people. The reality in Wiśniowski, Wells and Lovecraft’s short stories was presented from biocentric perspective to sensitize the reader to the world of plants, mysterious and forgotten creatures, seemingly devoid of subjectivity. This type of literature is not only a valuable source about man-nature relationship, but primarily it questions the popular definition of nature as the primary Other, which is subordinated to human.
„Przyjęliśmy się na gałęzi” — motyw(y) flory(styczne) w twórczości poetyckiej Anny Frajlich
„Przyjęliśmy się na gałęzi” — motyw(y) flory(styczne) w twórczości poetyckiej Anny Frajlich
(„We Put Down Roots on a Branch” — Floristic Motif(s) in the Poetic Work of Anna Frajlich)
- Author(s):Anna Fiedeń-Kułak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:207-223
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:emigration;floristic motifs;rootedness;love;biologism
- Summary/Abstract:Flora is one the most important motifs in the poetic work of Anna Frajlich. The object of this article is to demonstrate its presence, with the goal of presenting the literary means the poet uses, with the intention of determining their functions. In the lyrical poetry analysed, the motif of flora constitutes the background for the events. Detailed elements of nature are employed as symbols or also mechanisms of biological behaviour are a basis for the presentation of deeper meanings. These in turn are focused on topics such as emigration, rootedness, love, the past and passing, revival, a writer’s credo, the advance of civilization, the role of the individual in history and biologism. The breadth of themes addressed through the use of floristic metaphors as well as the literary way in which this is done, clearly demonstrate the poetic art of Anna Frajlich.
Świat ożywiony w filmie "Avatar" Jamesa Camerona — podmiotowy charakter fauny i flory
Świat ożywiony w filmie "Avatar" Jamesa Camerona — podmiotowy charakter fauny i flory
(The Revived World in the Movie "Avatar" by James Cameron — the Subjective Nature of Fauna and Flora)
- Author(s):Eryk Weber
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Film / Cinema / Cinematography
- Page Range:225-231
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Avatar;movie;subject;nature;fauna;flora
- Summary/Abstract:The work raises the problem of the subject in the non-human world. Based on the movie „Avatar” (dir. James Cameron, 2009) shows the potentional of understanding the subject in the world of plants and animals. The movie was used in the work as far-reaching metaphor of the world in which we live, or to maximize the specific attitudes and theories that we use in the our environment and science. This analysis was confronted with today’s level of subject understanding in our world and invites the readers to reflect on the status of other living creatures.
„Konie też leciały jak ptaki […]”. Analogie animalistyczne w twórczości literackiej Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego
„Konie też leciały jak ptaki […]”. Analogie animalistyczne w twórczości literackiej Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego
(«Horses also Flew as Birds […]». Animal Analogies in Kraszewski’s Literary Works)
- Author(s):Małgorzata Penińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:235-244
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:analogy;animal;truth;Kraszewski
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents animal analogies in Kraszewski’s literary works. The analysis of the data is to display stereotypical and authentic analogy. The base of analogy is observation of life and attitudes among the animals. The analogy gives knowledge about the people and fussy information about animals.
Postaci zwierzęce w artystycznej kreacji świata powiastek Beatrix Potter
Postaci zwierzęce w artystycznej kreacji świata powiastek Beatrix Potter
(The Role of the Animal Characters in the Artistic World’s Creation in Beatrix Potter’s)
- Author(s):Monika Wdowińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:245-252
- No. of Pages:8
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is an attempt to report the behaviour of the animal character and the variety of fauna which is a background of events in Potter’s „Tales”. The attention will be drawn on unusual animal characters embodying particular behaviour and manners of, most frequently, absurd and shallow people. The issue of real places — captured on original illustrations — which inspired the process of creating a fictional world will be traced. In the following part of the lecture the formation process of the character will be traced. Beatrix Potter was an excellent writer — strayed from fairy tale’s canon and common stereotype, in which given animal represents a certain feature, either positive or negative. Individual stories of Peter Rabbit, his cousin Benjamin Bunny, Squirrel Nutkin, Mittens and Mr. Jeremy Fisher will be finally tracked and proved. In the contemporary world it is worth doing some reflection on the humanity nature and on the role of values in the life of homo sapiens representative. The 21 st century, which is marked by superficiality, mental, but unreal process of aging, incapacity of creating, but first of all, caring about interpersonal relationships, encourages us to think about the “quality” of everyone’s existence.
Ludzie w otoczeniu przyrody. O "Dwóch księżycach" Marii Kuncewiczowej
Ludzie w otoczeniu przyrody. O "Dwóch księżycach" Marii Kuncewiczowej
(People in a Natural Environment. About "Two Moons" by Maria Kuncewiczowa)
- Author(s):Barbara Szymczak-Maciejczyk
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:253-265
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Kuncewiczowa;two moons;flora;feminine prose
- Summary/Abstract:The charpenter delivers an analysis of a human condition in the collection of stories entitled Two moons. The author considers the issue of the relationship between man and nature. The writer made the division of society into red moon’s people and white moon’s people. The first group is composed of craftsmen, merchants, farmers and beggars. The second group includes the artists and their muses and patrons. Nature is different for each of these communities — the former respects mainly useful plants: fruits, cereals, trees; the second appreciates the fragrant flowers or shrubs. The author presented the above-mentioned division of flora, showed what it depends from and what was the purpose of using this type of perception of the world.
Czesława Miłosza zmagania z naturą
Czesława Miłosza zmagania z naturą
(Czesław Miłosz’s Struggles with Nature)
- Author(s):Michał Głuszak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:267-281
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:nature;poety;prose
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is to present Miłosz’s reflections on nature. It was the issue that the poet found particularly engaging. Starting from his childhood, which he spent in a manor house in the village of Szetejnie, Lithuanian nature and nature related rituals became the object of childhood’s fascination for the author of „Rescue”. The picturesque valley, avenue of lime trees, oak grove, hunting, picking mushrooms, celebration of Pentecost. That was what shaped the future poet and affected his sensitivity. With time, Milosz saw the darker side of nature. The inevitability of death, the unrelenting passing, brutality, tough law governing the whole of creation, according to which the stronger beats the weaker. This discovery forged a fascinating adventure in intellectual as well as literary sense. The text shows the evolution of the relationship between Miłosz and the world of nature. The relationships that is thought to be quite comple Xand full of ambiguity. I dedicate my consideration mainly to Miłosz’s most important novel „The Issa Valley” and selected works of his lyric poetry.
Opisy fauny i flory Ziemi Świętej pochodzące z XVI-wiecznych relacji polskich pielgrzymów
Opisy fauny i flory Ziemi Świętej pochodzące z XVI-wiecznych relacji polskich pielgrzymów
(Fauna and Flora Describes in Holy Land with Sixteen Age Polish Pilgrims Relations)
- Author(s):Katarzyna Ossowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:285-302
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:fauna;flora;wildlife;Holy Land;pilgrimage;peregrination;travel
- Summary/Abstract:The area of the Holy Land is called “The Land flowing milk and honey”. The first Polish pilgrims who came to the Holy Land already paid attention to the diversity of its fauna and flora and this is confirmed by the descriptions of their journeys. Thanks to the 16th century description of the Holy Land by Anzelm Polak, Jan Tarnowski, Jan Goryński and Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł Sierotka it is possible to check whether something especially and invariably intrigued Poles in the Middle Eastern nature. The purpose of the article is to create a list of key fragments with the themes of fauna and flora from the itineraries of the travelers mentioned. The collected material will allow us to look at nature, as it was seen by the 16th century Polish pilgrims. The presentation opens with a description of the Polak’s peregrination, and will finish with the description of Radziwiłł Sierotka. The chronological order and the scheme: presentation of the author, description of the source and its discussion will apply to each artifact. In all relations to a greater or lesser extent, were found exotic expression of the Middle Eastern nature. Pilgrims took notes of the most characteristic animals and plants found in the Holy Land. The list of texts is also emphasized by their individual values and deficiencies, which were not previously noticed by scientists.
Fauna i flora w staropolskich opisach Orientu (wybrane przykłady)
Fauna i flora w staropolskich opisach Orientu (wybrane przykłady)
(Fauna and Flora in the Old Polish Descriptions of Orient (Chosen Examples))
- Author(s):Michał Kuran
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:303-345
- No. of Pages:43
- Keywords:oriental flora and fauna;Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł Sierotka;Aleksander Gwagnin;Marcin Paszkowski;Samuel Twardowski;Bartłomiej Georgiewicz
- Summary/Abstract:The article presents a literary picture of oriental flora and fauna outlined in chosen texts written in Polish from 16th to 17th century. The material is divided into two groups: first consists of primary writings, written by former slave, traveller and diplomats, the second are secondary writings created by diarist and author of handbook for potential slaves. Analyzed were following texts: The „Conversation With a Turkish about a Christian Faith” by Bartłomiej Georgiewicz, „About the Beginnings, Arguments, Gallantry, the Knight and Home Affairs of the Famous Lithuanian Nation” by Maciej Stryjkowski, „Peregrination or Pilgrimage to the Holy Land” by Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł, „The Prevailing Legation” by Samuel Twardowski, „The Chronicle of Sarmatian Europe” by Aleksander Gwagnin and „The History of Turkey” by Marcin Paszkowski. Worth considering were criteria of choice of described plants and animals (known — familiar and unknown — exotic; functioning wild or cultivated or breeded; existence or lack of existence of fantastic creatures and their function in text), differences in outlook of flora and fauna from the point of view of slave, traveller and diplomat and according to the image established in the secondary writings. Important was the range of author’s observations: whether it presented panorama or single object; whether it was conducted on land or from the sea or from the river. The way of description — the unknown they tried to present by means of comparisons to the known one. A description technique was applied that affects the senses of sight, hearing and smell. The observation was conducted over a narrative way of capturing a static object or moving to a static or remaining in move subject.
Znaczenie i funkcja motywu ruty w warmińsko-mazurskich pieśniach ludowych
Znaczenie i funkcja motywu ruty w warmińsko-mazurskich pieśniach ludowych
(Meaning and Function of Rue Motives in Folk Songs from Warmia and Masuria)
- Author(s):Ewelina Lechocka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Music, Studies of Literature
- Page Range:347-358
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:rue;meaning;function;folksongs;Warmia and Masuria
- Summary/Abstract:This article is an analysis of rue motives, which occurred in collection of Warmian and Masurian folk songs elaborated in 19th and 20th century. The purpose of this study was to define botanic vocabulary mentioned in folkloristic texts and to compare poetic representation of rue motif with its role in every-day-life and culture of Warmia and Masuria’s inhabitants. As it was deducted from maintained analysis, the folk output and botanic themes are a valuable source of information about identity of rural population from Warmia and Masuria territories. Utilization of rue motif in folksongs is characteristic for its strong resemblance to empiric reality, in which the plant plays a great role in every-day-life and in immaterial culture.
Rośliny mówią — rozmowy kulturowe w literaturze i tekstach uczniów klas III w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej
Rośliny mówią — rozmowy kulturowe w literaturze i tekstach uczniów klas III w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej
(Plants Speak. Cultural Discourse in Literature and Textbooks in Early School Education (Third Form))
- Author(s):Jolanta MACHOWSKA-GOC
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature
- Page Range:359-369
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:early education;cultural discourse;intercultural audience
- Summary/Abstract:The paper investigates and compares and contrasts cultural, literary and textbook discourse is early school education. This type of comparative analysis allows a description of contemporary intermental and intercultural readers. The resulting non-linear representation of the world is one of the truth components in the process of language and culture acquisition.