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The Next Seven of the European Union Cover Image

Следващите седем на Европейския съюз
The Next Seven of the European Union

Reports from the Seventh International Scientific Conference of the European Studies Department, Faculty of Philosophy at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, May 2020

Contributor(s): Ingrid Shikova (Editor), Nelly Ognyanova (Editor), Kaloyan Simeonov (Editor), Nikolina Tsvetkova (Editor), Gergana Radoykova (Editor), Desislava Karaasenova (Editor), Daniela Decheva (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Anthropology, Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Media studies, Supranational / Global Economy, Constitutional Law, International Law, Political Theory, Communication studies, Sociology, Politics and communication, Culture and social structure , Higher Education , Evaluation research, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Financial Markets, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, EU-Legislation, Politics and Identity
Published by: Университет за национално и световно стопанство (УНСС)
Keywords: European Integration; European Union; European Union Development; EU Economy; EU Politics; EU Integration
Summary/Abstract: This book presents reports from „The Next Seven of the European Union“, Seventh International Scientific Conference of the European Studies Department, Faculty of Philosophy at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. The conference was held in May 2020 with the support of Hanns Seidel Foundation.

  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-954-8702-52-2
  • Page Count: 290
  • Publication Year: 2020
  • Language: English, Bulgarian
Преосмисляне на следващите седем на Европейския съюз

Преосмисляне на следващите седем на Европейския съюз
(Rethinking the Next Seven of the European Union)

  • Author(s):Ingrid Shikova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:5-9
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:European Union; EU Development
  • Summary/Abstract:Попитан от млад журналист какво може да провали правителствената програма, британският министър-председател Харолд Макмилън (1957-1963 г.) отговорил кратко: “Събитията, скъпо момче, събитията!” Наистина събитията, които връхлитат непредвидено, създават най-сериозните проблеми. Според календара 2020 г. трябваше да бъде празнична година за Европа - 75 години от разгрома на нацистите във Втората световна война, 70 години от декларацията на Робер Шуман, която постави началото на сегашния Европейски съюз, 35 години от подписването на Шенгенското споразумение за свободното движение и създаване на Европа без граници.
Новата криза и финансовият сектор. Помагат ли ни предишните уроци?

Новата криза и финансовият сектор. Помагат ли ни предишните уроци?
(The New Crisis and the Financial Sector - Do Previous Lessons Help?)

  • Author(s):Kaloyan Simeonov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Financial Markets
  • Page Range:13-24
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:Economic and Financial Crisis; Reforms; Measures; COVID-19
  • Summary/Abstract:The economic and financial crisis that started in the period 2007-2009 provoked substantial changes in the financial services landscape. The crisis started from the financial sector and caused other crises as debt and confidence crisis. However, after that crisis significant reforms were made in the EU in order to overcome its effects and to prepare the Union, its financial sector and economy for possible future crises. The current crises after the COVID-19 outbreak is a different one. It started as a health crises and moves to an economic crisis with significant economic recession, higher unemployment, increase in social challenges in Europe and emerging of new ones. In these extremely difficult and unpredicted times with loss of businesses and jobs, the attention is to the financial sector that shall stimulate the economy and the follow-up recovery. However, is the financial stability also threatened? Is it possible the health and economic crisis to turn to a financial one again or the financial sector will be part of the solution of the problems and not part of the problem itself? Does the financial sector learned the lessons from the previous crises and is it possible those lessons to help this sector to perform its functions in the current situation? These are some of the questions that the current paper will discuss. It will end with some recommendations and conclusions.
Икономиката на Европейския съюз на кръстопът

Икономиката на Европейския съюз на кръстопът
(The European Union’s Economy at а Crossroads)

  • Author(s):Emilia Georgieva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
  • Page Range:25-36
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:EU; Economy; COVID-19; Crisis; Rescue Plan
  • Summary/Abstract:The EU economy is once again in a period of serious trial and doubt about the adequacy of the action taken. Among the many reasons for this is the Coronavirus Pandemic from the beginning of 2020 and the difficult decisions taken by the Union’s institutions / formats and leaders, represented by the European Commission, the ECB, the Eurogroup, etc. In this connection, the main objective is to trace the most important events in the history of the European Union, which give reason to believe that it was at a crossroads many times before the current pandemic crisis, those who have marked its economy. Special attention has been paid to what has happened in the last 20 years, with an emphasis on recent events, mainly related to COVID - 19, respectively on EU and Eurozone / Eurogroup decisions. The analysis and synthesis methods used, the retrospection and the formulation of conclusions, have achieved a significant result in terms of the vast amount of information and its presentation within set limits. The final conclusion is that the EU economy is undergoing another “Golgotha,” which is expected to recover stronger over the next few years compared to the pre-crisis period.
Финансовите инструменти – алтернатива за разпределение на бюджета на Европейския съюз през програмен период 2021-2027

Финансовите инструменти – алтернатива за разпределение на бюджета на Европейския съюз през програмен период 2021-2027
(Financial Instruments -- Alternative for EU’s Budget Allocation for 2021-2027 Programming Period)

  • Author(s):Roxana Trifonova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:37-44
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:Financial Instruments; Grant Funding; Regional Policy
  • Summary/Abstract:This report aims to examine the financial instruments’ role in the EU’s budget allocation and to what extent they would become an alternative to grants. For this reason, the study is divided into three parts. The first one gives a brief overview of the main features of the Regional policy and the provision of grants. The second part presents the financial instruments and their mechanism of functioning. The third part analyzes the financial instruments’ advantages over grant funding.
GDPR: Legal Impact on extra-territorial commercial pressure on Indian business, trade and investment

GDPR: Legal Impact on extra-territorial commercial pressure on Indian business, trade and investment
(GDPR: Legal Impact on extra-territorial commercial pressure on Indian business, trade and investment)

  • Author(s):Bindu Samuel Ronald, Abhijit Vasmatkar, Shashikala Gurpur
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, EU-Legislation
  • Page Range:45-56
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:GDPR; Data Protection; Trade; Business; Extra-Territoriality
  • Summary/Abstract:The GDPR was implemented in 2018 to provide a balance between protecting personal data and privacy of data subjects. The implementation of GDPR has impacted various sectors. The extraterritoriality of the law on GDPR puts a pressure on companies and policy makers to re-examine the existing legal framework and India has not been insulated from the effects of implementation of GDPR. It puts a pressure on Indian trade bodies and upon government agencies to formulate a regulatory regime to achieve a synergy between Indian and EU laws. The paper will look at the GDPR law in the EU, as well as at international responses to the implementation of the GDPR and will consider the effect it will have on Indian businesses, the trade and investment between India and EU. The paper will study the consequences that the law will have in commercial exchanges especially in the context of EU-India bilateral trade negotiation. The authors have used the descriptive and analytical method research and have studied the implications of the introduction of GDPR especially for India.
Пораснали ли сме за следващите седем?

Пораснали ли сме за следващите седем?
(Are We Grown Up for the Next Seven?)

  • Author(s):Rumyana Grozeva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Environmental and Energy policy, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:57-66
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:EU; Green Deal; Coal Regions in Transition
  • Summary/Abstract:The first 7 years are the most important. But is that enough? Undoubtedly, the future of our planet, the “greening” of thinking and action is very important. But should it be done this way? EU policies must not be an absolute end in itself. Staring at “mantras” - too. The future of a community of 27 different cultures, mentality, history, goes through constructive communication and cooperation.
Демократичен дефицит или демоикратична легитимност? Към нова понятийна рамка на Европейския съюз

Демократичен дефицит или демоикратична легитимност? Към нова понятийна рамка на Европейския съюз
(Democratic Deficit or Demoicratic Legitimacy? Towards A New Conceptual Framework for the EU)

  • Author(s):Svetoslav Malinov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Government/Political systems, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:67-80
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:European Union; Democratic Deficit; Fallacy of False Analogy; Demoicracy; Output Legitimacy
  • Summary/Abstract:„Democratic deficit” is used as an umbrella concept covering a wide range of criticisms against the European Union (EU) as undemocratic or insufficiently democratic. The article reveals the logical unsustainability of the concept by demonstrating that it is a result of the so called “fallacy of false analogy”; in our case it is due to a wrong analogy between the EU and the modern democratic state (MDD). This rejection opens the debate about the necessity to create a new vocabulary for describing the functioning of the EU since the available one is deeply entrenched in the theory of the MDD. Several elements of this new conceptual framework -- demoicracy, policy-politics, output legitimacy etc., -- are introduced and applied.
Towards а Disintegrated Europe: A Literature Review in аn International Context

Towards а Disintegrated Europe: A Literature Review in аn International Context
(Towards а Disintegrated Europe: A Literature Review in аn International Context)

  • Author(s):Svetla Boneva
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:81-98
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:European Disintegration; EU Disintegration Factors; EU Disintegration Symptoms
  • Summary/Abstract:The objective of the research is to summarise and present the main visions, notions and attempts for construction of theoretical frames of the contemporary disintegration processes in the European Union which are evident in the pre-Brexit and Brexit periods. The research methods used in the study involve elements of retrospective analysis, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, comparative and content analysis, table presentation and generalization of the main ideas of key research works on European disintegration. This is a conceptual study and a posteriori research approach has been followed for its development. The result of the research is an overview of the recent literature sources and major studies on the topic of EU disintegration in a comparative plan. The main conclusion of the research is that there are many different reasons for dissatisfaction from the European Union among its member states. Unquestionably it’s difficult to always find the best balance and the right crossing point between all countries economic, political, social and environmental interests. Many authors find the growing dissatisfaction from the EU as the ground for future EU disintegration.
Is Democracy the Only “Game in Town” in Post-Truth Europe?

Is Democracy the Only “Game in Town” in Post-Truth Europe?
(Is Democracy the Only “Game in Town” in Post-Truth Europe?)

  • Author(s):Lyubomir Stefanov
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:99-107
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Democracy; Representative Government; Rule of Law; Elections; Justice
  • Summary/Abstract:Just a decade ago democracy was the sine qua non of the EU. Combined with rule of law and market economy it stood for the quintessence of the Union. However, post-truth politics struck recently the so-called democratic Euro-Atlantic community and everything changed literally overnight. People started wondering, especially in the aftermath of the economic crisis from 2008 whether their leaders and elites are underperforming or just collaborating to become richer by stealing from the states they govern. State-capture of unseen kind became the word of the day of numerous post-truth apologetics. Populism marched relentlessly across Europe, while authoritarianism and strong non-democratic leadership suddenly looked competitive to the long-deliberating and tolerant democracy. So, the question in mind is as following: is democracy just going through a period of self-actualisation and rediscovery of its virtues or it has become redundant in the eyes of the majority of the Europeans? Through broad and general comparative analysis, the paper will attempt to contribute to the ongoing debate of what is the nature of the crisis in the representative government model of modern-day democracy across Europe. By outlining some features in the existing models, it will give a perspective to the possible developments in the near future.
Ефектът от напускането на Обединеното кралство за Съвета на ЕС: Институционални и политически последствия

Ефектът от напускането на Обединеното кралство за Съвета на ЕС: Институционални и политически последствия
(The Effect of the United Kingdoms’ Withdrawal from the European Union on the Council of the EU: Institutional and Political Consequences)

  • Author(s):Dimitar Lilkov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:108-118
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:United Kingdom; Council of the EU; Institutional Balance; Brexit; Voting
  • Summary/Abstract:On 31 January 2020 the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland officially left the European Union and its representatives are no longer part of the decision-making process of the European institutions. The current report analyses the anticipated effect from the UK‘s departure on the functioning of the Council of the EU and the potential consequences on the internal voting dynamic and coalition-building patterns within the institution. The paper finds that the bigger member states will be the likely ‘winners’ from Brexit as their relative voting weight will increase during qualified majority voting procedures. The withdrawal of the UK also marks the departure of the country which has traditionally registered the most vehement opposition to legislative proposals in the Council within the decade before the 2016 Brexit referendum. This has specific long-term implications for internal coalition-building and also opens possibilities for further European integration in certain limited policy areas such as budgetary matters, as well as security and defence policy.
Amendments to the Constitution in the Area of Judiciary in the Candidate Countries for the Membership in the EU - the Examples of Montenegro, Albania and Serbia

Amendments to the Constitution in the Area of Judiciary in the Candidate Countries for the Membership in the EU - the Examples of Montenegro, Albania and Serbia
(Amendments to the Constitution in the Area of Judiciary in the Candidate Countries for the Membership in the EU - the Examples of Montenegro, Albania and Serbia)

  • Author(s):Aleksandar Andrija Pejović
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Constitutional Law, EU-Legislation
  • Page Range:119-134
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:Enlargement; Accession Talks; Constitution; Rule of Law; Judicial Reform; Venice Commission; Western Balkan
  • Summary/Abstract:In accordance with the obligations undertaken in the process of the accession to the European Union, the three candidate countries in the Western Balkans have initiated or undergone the process of changing their constitutional acts in order to align them with the requirements stemming from Chapter 23 Judiciary and Fundamental Rights. The paper aims to analyse how Montenegro and Serbia approached this commitment as an integral and essential part of the Action Plans for Chapter 23, while Albania did it as a part of the preparation of the country to receive the candidate status and the opening of accession talks. Subsequently, the paper shows that during the drafting process, the three states were guided by the standards defined by the Venice Commission in its opinions and proposals as well as the EC views received within consultative processes they have undertaken. It also points out the differences in the approach to the content of the changes by the European Union and the Venice Commission in the three cases. While Serbia still has to implement these changes, this paper also presents the diverse experience in Montenegro since 2013 and Albania since 2016 in relation to the implementation of the Constitutional amendments in practice and the effects it has had. Furthermore, the paper discusses the effects of the Constitutional reform in the light of the Enlargement Policy considering the latest developments and the fact that the Rule of Law is an essential part of these processes and the EU requirements. Finally, the paper concludes that the Venice Commission, invited by the European Commission, has provided the three states with its opinion guided both by technical, but also political principles, which, as an effect, has produced a diverse approach to how certain elements of the constitution treat the independence and autonomy of the judiciary within the process of integration in the EU.
Macedonian EU Perspective: Window of Challenge or Opportunity

Macedonian EU Perspective: Window of Challenge or Opportunity
(Macedonian EU Perspective: Window of Challenge or Opportunity)

  • Author(s):Hristina Runcheva-Tasev
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:135-143
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:EU Enlargement; Macedonian Case; Negotiation Methodology
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper analyses the Macedonian approach towards the EU integration process and the latest updates on EU enlargement. Namely, after a decade of positive recommendations by the European Commission for opening accession negotiations, the Macedonian EU perspective was encouraged by the Council that has finally decided to launched them in March 2020. During this period, for more than ten years, Macedonian authorities faced the challenge of maintaining a level of interest in the European prospects of the country without receiving many positive signals that the integration will happen in reasonable timeframe. Still Macedonian political reality is more than complex: Prespa Agreement was expected to accelerate the development of relations with the Union after the name dispute with Greece has been closed, but new challenges have been imposed for the country’s European future.
Future of Europe. Between Remarkable Aspirations and Crucial Reforms

Future of Europe. Between Remarkable Aspirations and Crucial Reforms
(Future of Europe. Between Remarkable Aspirations and Crucial Reforms)

  • Author(s):Georgiana Ciceo
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:144-152
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Future of Europe; Differentiated Integration
  • Summary/Abstract:The numerous challenges faced by the European Union today from Brexit or the rise in popularity of populist parties, to reinforced West-East as well as North South divisions or querying the democratic values, in particular the European ones, or a drift towards a kind of nationalism resistant to a deeper European integration have made necessary a new underpinning of the internal unity and solidarity. Against this background the 60th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rome was used as an opportunity to reaffirm the dedication to working together and open a continent-wide discussion on the future of the European Union. The idea of the form that the European Union will take in the near future has begun to emerge with the White Paper dedicated to this subject, launched by the European Commission. The 5 scenarios that represent the Commission’s contribution to the new European chapter were not a product of the imagination, but a highlight of the continuous reaffirmation of trust in the Union. They represent a commitment to further working together, albeit in some cases at a different pace, towards the advancement of European integration. This contribution aims to assess the state of the current debate on the future of Europe and to outline the main directions of the present discussion.
Правна уредба на обществените медии в България и правото на Европейския съюз

Правна уредба на обществените медии в България и правото на Европейския съюз
(Public Media Regulation in Bulgaria and EU Law)

  • Author(s):Nelly Ognyanova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, EU-Legislation
  • Page Range:153-172
  • No. of Pages:20
  • Keywords:Public Service Media; Funding; State Aid; Radio And Television Law; Revision 2020
  • Summary/Abstract:Public service media in the European Union (EU) plays an important role which is defined in EU primary law. It must contribute the democratic, social and cultural needs of the people to be met. EU Member States have the freedom to choose a model for organizing, managing and funding public service media according to their traditions. However, this must be done in accordance with EU law. The article discusses the role of EU law for elaboration of the legal framework of the Bulgarian National Radio (BNR) and the Bulgarian National Television (BNT), in particular for the purpose of the forthcoming revision of Radio and Television Law (Revision 2020).
Prescriptive or Outcome Based? A Comparative Analysis of India’s Personal Data Protection Bill and European Union’s GDPR

Prescriptive or Outcome Based? A Comparative Analysis of India’s Personal Data Protection Bill and European Union’s GDPR
(Prescriptive or Outcome Based? A Comparative Analysis of India’s Personal Data Protection Bill and European Union’s GDPR)

  • Author(s):Rupal Rautdesai, Sudipta Chakraborty, Shashikala Gurpur
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, International Law, EU-Legislation
  • Page Range:173-185
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:GDPR; Personal Data Protection; Privacy; Right to be Forgotten; Sensitive Personal Data
  • Summary/Abstract:The concern regarding privacy started with the increase in the use of advanced technology related to computers and the internet. The data and information created, sent, shared, and stored in these digital files through the advanced technologies and platforms are prone to cyber-attacks leading to breach of privacy and making sensitive personal information and data public. These concerns have led many countries to adopt data protection laws, to protect the right to privacy on one hand, and to regulate the businesses that gather, store and sell such data for commercial gains, on the other hand. The authors in the research paper have discussed privacy as a construct, then its transformation, its connotations and operation in the Information and Communication Technologies World. Further, they have discussed, compared and analysed how the issues pertaining to consent, right to be forgotten and handling of sensitive personal data have been addressed in the European Union’s General Data Privacy Regulation with the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019, of India. The authors conclude on the ever-changing concept of privacy also on how the relevant issues have been addressed either through the prescriptive or the outcome-based provisions of both the GDPR and the PDPB, 2019.
Послания на толерантност вместо търсене на конфронтация с езикови средства в медийно съдържание на съвременен испански език

Послания на толерантност вместо търсене на конфронтация с езикови средства в медийно съдържание на съвременен испански език
(Messages оf Tolerance Instead оf Verbal Confrontation in the Media Content in Contemporary Spanish Language)

  • Author(s):Raya Raycheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies
  • Page Range:186-195
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Tolerance; Language; Speech; Media; Culture
  • Summary/Abstract:The creation of a pan-European cultural space goes through the creation of common European linguistic frameworks, norms or standards which, especially in the field of media content, could serve as a “European agreement” on linguistic tolerance. This report seeks to put on the table an issue that is becoming ever more tangible in our daily lives - how, through linguistic means, consciously or not, a climate of intolerance and aggression in interpersonal relationships is being fostered. Linguistic tools should not be transformed, neither passively nor actively, into carriers of discrimination, aggression, sexism, or any other kind of disrespect for tolerance, especially when this affects the transfer of a universal human value system to the next generations.
Европейските избори през 2019: Ограничения в анализа на медийното съдържание онлайн в България

Европейските избори през 2019: Ограничения в анализа на медийното съдържание онлайн в България
(2019 European Elections: Limitations in the Analysis оf Online Media Content in Bulgaria)

  • Author(s):Mariya Yurukova, Iglika Ivanova, Bozhidar Angueloff
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Political Theory, Politics and communication
  • Page Range:196-218
  • No. of Pages:23
  • Keywords:2019 European Elections; Media Content Analysis; Online Media; Data Collection; Limitations
  • Summary/Abstract:The right to information is a fundamental right in any democratic state under the rule of law. From this point of view, the follow-up and analysis of the electoral campaigns of the candidates for members of the European parliament in social media and the coverage of online media where information spreads faster and with less stringent controls are of paramount importance. The 2019 European elections were accompanied with extra caution and with measures from the European Union concerning the information crisis identified in the last few years. This paper aims at presenting the limitations in the analysis of online media content in Bulgaria, and it gives specific recommendations classified according to their subject that could improve the conditions for online media analysis in Bulgaria. Here are the five tasks of the report. First, to present the research project. Second, to make a comparative analysis of the existing studies on this topic. Third, to define and classify the main limitations and the specifics in the analysis of media content online in relation to the 2019 European elections and in particular to: 1) define the criteria and model in the selection of the analysed media; 2) to follow and systematise the challenges concerning the access to media content and 3) to present the main limitations based on the juxtaposition between the media observed.
Internationalization and Europeanization of Higher Education: Attitudes of Academic Staff

Internationalization and Europeanization of Higher Education: Attitudes of Academic Staff
(Internationalization and Europeanization of Higher Education: Attitudes of Academic Staff)

  • Author(s):Desislava Karaasenova
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Education, Higher Education
  • Page Range:219-228
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Internationalisation; Europeanisation; Academic Staff; Higher Education
  • Summary/Abstract:This study was inspired by the goals set at the Gothenburg European Council (2017) and the initiative of the European Commission to encourage the establishment of innovative European university networks where multilingualism and interdisciplinarity lay the foundation of research and educational cooperation. Using a qualitative research approach, the study explored how academic staff at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” perceive internationalisation in higher education. The empirical data show that academics see internationalisation as a very positive trend and a major factor in their professional development. Based on the identified catalysts and barriers to the participation of academics in this process, the paper offers recommendations for institutional measures to facilitate staff involvement in internationalisation activities, and thereby ensure that the institution itself can successfully function in the growing European interconnectedness and interdependence in the fields of education and science.
Европейско измерение на гражданското образование в България. Защо са важни първите седем?

Европейско измерение на гражданското образование в България. Защо са важни първите седем?
(The European Dimension of the Civic Education in Bulgaria. The Importance of the First Seven Years)

  • Author(s):Gergana Radoykova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Education, State/Government and Education
  • Page Range:229-238
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:European Union; Bulgaria; Civic Education; Knowledge; Identity
  • Summary/Abstract:Since the autumn of 2020 and the new school year in Bulgaria the compulsory subject “civic education” shall be introduced. It is aimed not only at a practical orientation for the modern democratic state, the separation of powers and structures, but also at their meaning. Greater attention to the formation of political culture aims to help young people to make independent and responsible decisions on salient issues. The European dimension of this topic, namely obtaining basic knowledge about the nature and functioning of the EU, the place of Bulgaria in the decision-making process and the fundamental values of the European Union, is very important. The first seven years after the introduction of this subject in our country will be crucial and will show if teachers and experts will be able to provoke in students an interest in the European Union and whether the EU will turn from an abstraction into something they participate in building and something that is part of their identity.
Towards a Pedagogical Framework for Teaching English for Communication at EU Institutions

Towards a Pedagogical Framework for Teaching English for Communication at EU Institutions
(Towards a Pedagogical Framework for Teaching English for Communication at EU Institutions)

  • Author(s):Nikolina Tsvetkova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Education, Higher Education
  • Page Range:239-249
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:European Studies; Multilingualism; English for Communication at EU Institutions (ECEUI); Pedagogical Framework
  • Summary/Abstract:The need to prepare European Studies students to work in the sphere of EU integration in general or to function successfully at EU institutions requires paying more attention to their language instruction, and, in particular, to their English language training at university. Since they form a specific discourse community it is justifiable to view this process as a kind of English for Specific Purposes (ESP). This particular field of ESP has not been researched extensively and practitioners of teaching English for communication at EU institutions (ECEUI) need to be supported theory- and practice-wise. The paper briefly discusses some of the aspects of the debate on the use of English on a European level and focuses on proposing a pedagogical framework for teaching English for communication at EU institutions (ECEUI). Two of the most important variables in the framework -- EU Studies students and their language teachers -- are dealt with in greater detail.
Internationalisation of Legal Education - An Unfinished Agenda: The Case of Symbiosis Law School Pune

Internationalisation of Legal Education - An Unfinished Agenda: The Case of Symbiosis Law School Pune
(Internationalisation of Legal Education - An Unfinished Agenda: The Case of Symbiosis Law School Pune)

  • Author(s):Shashikala Gurpur, Aparajita Mohanty, Sujata Arya
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Education, Higher Education
  • Page Range:250-266
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:Internationalisation of higher education; Internationalisation of legal education; Internationalisation at home; Clinical legal education; Cross cultural competence; Collaborative Online International
  • Summary/Abstract:The beginning of 21st century has witnessed intensified discourses on internationalisation of higher education. It stands for a process of integrating an inter national, intercultural and global dimension into the teaching, research and service function of an institution thereby adding to the complexities, relevance and dynamics of internationalisation. Although legal education is a significant part of the broader edifice of higher education, it faces formidable hurdles in the path of internationalisation due to its significant territorial nature. Currently, legal education faces the challenge in terms of creating lawyers with technical competence encompassing national, international and comparative legal fields. There is an urgent need that law students must imbibe the requisite cultural competence and technical knowledge to operate globally. This makes the objective of internationalising legal education all the more relevant and contemporary. After establishing the concept and operational dimensions of internationalisation of higher education, the article will address the process of internationalisation of legal education by projecting Symbiosis Law School, Pune as a case study with its star-struck journey since long. It will explore the various facilitative, pedagogical as well as cultural tools adopted to achieve the objective. The impacts and the learning will be analysed. The article will also highlight the unfinished agenda in the light of gaps yet to be addressed in the current concept and the developments in internationalisation and challenges posed from national higher education norms.
Бурката и хиджабът като модна панацея

Бурката и хиджабът като модна панацея
(Burqa and Hijab as a Fashion Panacea)

  • Author(s):Olga Stoyanova-Encheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Anthropology, Social Sciences, Culture and social structure
  • Page Range:267-276
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Burqa; Hijab; Women; Islam; Europe
  • Summary/Abstract:Based on the generalizations specific to the issues concerning Islam and Gender that are often reflected in the media, politics and academia, the article attempts at a multilateral analysis of the perception of wearing a hijab or a burqa in terms of the attitudes and perceptions in both Islamic and non-Islamic countries.
Expert Evaluation of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (2018). An Insight from Brussels.

Expert Evaluation of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (2018). An Insight from Brussels.
(Expert Evaluation of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (2018). An Insight from Brussels.)

  • Author(s):Mirela Veleva-Eftimova, Kaloyan Valentinov Haralampiev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Sociology, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:277-290
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of EU; External Evaluation; Interviews; Quantity Values
  • Summary/Abstract:This article presents one of the traditional instruments for developing a RPCEU evaluation -- interviews with foreign experts based in Brussels. In pursuance of this goal, the statement is structured around the accomplishment of three research objectives. First, defending the significance of the results of the conducted interviews with external experts in relation to the integral RPCEU assessment index. Second, explaining the questionnaire for conducting interviews and the selection of respondents. Third, a brief review of the obtained results of the integral RPCEU expert assessment index.
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