Refugee Crisis in International Policy - Volume IV: Refugees and International Challenges
Refugee Crisis in International Policy - Volume IV: Refugees and International Challenges
Contributor(s): Hasret Çomak (Editor), Burak Şakir Şeker (Editor), Mehlika Özlem Ultan (Editor), Yaprak Civelek (Editor), Çağla Arslan Bozkuş (Editor)
Subject(s): Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
Published by: Transnational Press London
Keywords: Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism
Summary/Abstract: The fourth volume in this series contains insightful analyses on a variety of international problems within the context of refugee issue. Contributions in this volume are as follows: Ahmet Sapmaz “Refugees and Security”; Saadat Demirci “Refugees, Migration and Security Threats”; Hüsmen Akdeniz “The Impact of Irregular Migration on Security in the Framework of Changing Security Context”; Mehmet Emin Erendor “Refugees and Terrorism”; Burak Şakir Şeker and Hasret Çomak “Mena Versus Europe: Arising Dimensions of Mediterranean Maritime Security”; Cem Oğultürk “The Impact of Food Insecurity on Migration and Conflict in the Horn of Africa”; Burak Şakir Şeker and Hasret Çomak “Migration by Sea: Libyan Case and EU Approach”; Neziha Musaoğlu “Demografic, Economic, Political and Legal Dimensions of the Russian Federation’s Migration Policy”; Ainur Nogayeva “Central Asian Fighters and their Families in Syria: Refugees or Terrorists?”; Murat Pinar and Soyalp Tamçelik “Determining the Socio-Economic and Security Impacts of Rohingya Refugees on Neighbouring Countries: Bangladesh and India”; Ferdi Güçyetmez “Immigration and Belonging Issue on the American – Mexico Border”; Zekeriya Alperen Bedirhan “The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (Daca)”; Akın Sağıroğlu and İlhan Aras “The Issue of Immigration in the United States Elections: A Look at Trump-Era”; Saadet Çalişkan Ciğer “An Alternative Solution to Problems Arising in Refugee Crises: Humanitarian Space and Humanitarian System”; Murat Koray “Developing Effective Resilience Based Strategies for Refugees”; Tarık Demir “Enclavity and Refugees”; and Sezin İba Gürsoy “Refugee and Climate Change”.
Series: Migration Series
- E-ISBN-13: 978-1-80135-017-4
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-1-80135-016-7
- Page Count: 297
- Publication Year: 2021
- Language: English
Refugees and Security
Refugees and Security
(Refugees and Security)
- Author(s):Ahmet Sapmaz
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:7-25
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:Refugee flows and refugee crisis are the most used terms in the international arena lately. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) defined the 20th century as the “refugee century”. The number of refugees, which was 2.1 million in 1950, 1.5 million in 1960, 2.5 million in 1970, 8.9 million in 1980, 17.2 million in 1990, 15.2 in 20091increased to 26 million in 2020. Today, millions of people are refugees on every continent. Most of these refugees originated from conflict and war-torn countries from Africa and the Middle East. Again, according to the UNHCR data, as of 2019, 79.5 million people around the world, that is 1% of the world population, have been forcibly displaced. Of these, 26 million are refugees, 45.7 million are internally displaced and 4.2 million are asylum seekers. 73% of the refugees are in neighboring countries, and 68% originate from only 5 countries.2 As can be seen from the numbers and percentages given above, refugees are an increasingly important reality in both national and international systems. The relationship between the expanding and deepening understanding of security and the refugees has recently attracted the attention of the society, statesmen and academics.3 This attention often addresses the impact of refugees on security. In this study, the relationship between refugees and security and the effects of refugees on national, international, social and human security are discussed.
- Price: 4.50 €
Refugees, Migration and Security Threats
Refugees, Migration and Security Threats
(Refugees, Migration and Security Threats)
- Author(s):Saadat Demirci
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:27-44
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:In the 21st century, where states place more and more importance on the concept of protecting their borders, the concept of immigration is seen as an important phenomenon that poses a security threat to these borders. Due to the “Arab Spring” and the Syrian civil war that started in the Middle East in 2015, a large migration movement started. 244 million people were immigrated. Asylum movement creates security weaknesses for refugees as well as states. Refugees are seen as a threat to the social order of the state they migrated to. Many European countries have seen the political solution as closing their borders to refugees. However, the security threat is not a phenomenon that frightens a single state. Refugees' avoidance of threats such as falling into the network of radical terrorist organizations and human traffickers during migration has become more difficult with the closing of the borders of the states where they seek asylum.
- Price: 4.50 €
The Impact of Irregular Migration on Security in The Framework of Changing Security Context
The Impact of Irregular Migration on Security in The Framework of Changing Security Context
(The Impact of Irregular Migration on Security in The Framework of Changing Security Context)
- Author(s):Hüsmen Akdeniz
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:45-61
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:One of the biggest effects of globalization, which gained momentum with the end of the Cold War and the disappearance of the bipolar world order, has shown itself in the field of security. In this context, while the classical defense and security mindset is based on military issues, threats, dangers, risks and problems with a wider framework other than military issues (economic, political, environmental, social, etc.) have started to be included in the scope of security. In other words, security, which is considered to be a high politics issue in traditional international relations theories, began to be considered together with low political issues. Today, this stance of dealing with security issues in an extended way continues.
- Price: 4.50 €
Refugees and Terrorism
Refugees and Terrorism
(Refugees and Terrorism)
- Author(s):Mehmet Emin Erendor
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:63-82
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:There are many studies on the concepts of refugee and terrorism. These studies often are designed from a perspective leaning towards the experiences of the countries or the international community. At the same time, although there are many studies on the impact of terrorism on migration or refugees, but not many studies focus on the effects of refugees on terrorist incidents in host countries or on their involvement in terrorist activities in host countries. This lack of studies on the effect of refugees on terrorism in host countries or their participation in terrorist organizations in host countries means an opportunity for a unique field of study, while on the other hand, it poses a lot of difficulty in doing research on the subject. While some studies claim that there is a link between refugees and terrorist incidents1, others disagree.
- Price: 4.50 €
Mena Versus Europe: Rising Dimensions of Mediterranean Maritime Security
Mena Versus Europe: Rising Dimensions of Mediterranean Maritime Security
(Mena Versus Europe: Rising Dimensions of Mediterranean Maritime Security)
- Author(s):Burak Şakir Şeker, Hasret Çomak
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:83-99
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this study is to highlight all the problems that create instability in the security of the wider Mediterranean region, highlighting both those that remain unresolved over time, as well as those of asymmetric threats, in order to examine whether there is a possibility to overcome and give a new breath to the aforementioned area where growth and prosperity will prevail. In addition, this research investigates how much and in what ways the coastal states from the post-Cold War period until today contributes to achieving this. It should be noted that no other forces (e.g. NATO) or countries (USA) are considered to be active in the region and which in turn help to curb illegal activities other than the Mediterranean countries.
- Price: 4.50 €
The Impact of Food Insecurity on Migration and Conflict in The Horn of Africa
The Impact of Food Insecurity on Migration and Conflict in The Horn of Africa
(The Impact of Food Insecurity on Migration and Conflict in The Horn of Africa)
- Author(s):M. Cem Oğultürk
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:101-113
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:The Horn of Africa is a region of Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Eritrea but it covers an area of 5.2 million square kilometers in terms of political and economic impact, reaching also to Sudan, South Sudan, Kenya, and Uganda. The biggest explanation is that the Horn of Africa is situated in the most strategic location in the East African region. At the same time, the region situated in the southwest of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden is acting as a corridor for global maritime transport.
- Price: 4.50 €
Migration By Sea: Libya and The EU’s Approach
Migration By Sea: Libya and The EU’s Approach
(Migration By Sea: Libya and The EU’s Approach)
- Author(s):Burak Şakir Şeker
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Security and defense, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:115-134
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:One of the biggest challenges faced in the international arena in recent years is the political chaos in Libya since February 2011. Indeed, the fall of the Gaddafi regime after 42 years of continuous rule marked the beginning of fluctuations until today. Thus, the military intervention of the international coalition not only led to a change in the domestic political situation but also allowed the chronic peculiarities of Libyan society to explode in the most violent way. In these circumstances, the issue of migrant / refugee trafficking as well as that of human trafficking has become particularly large, making it, in combination with migratory flows from the eastern Mediterranean, one of the burning demands to manage the EU under the common European asylum and immigration policy. The EU members have had to deal with the management of migratory flows on the one hand, and the uncontrollable political situation in Libya on the other. Thus, the multi-layered civilian structure has turned Libya into a hub of instability in the wider region between cosmopolitan and ethnic forces, at the same time directly affected irregular migration to Europe and finally posed a threat to the EU itself with significant challenges and dilemmas.
- Price: 4.50 €
Demographic, Economic, Political and Legal Dimensions of Migration Policy in The Russian Federation
Demographic, Economic, Political and Legal Dimensions of Migration Policy in The Russian Federation
(Demographic, Economic, Political and Legal Dimensions of Migration Policy in The Russian Federation)
- Author(s):Neziha Musaoğlu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Economy, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Security and defense, Demography and human biology, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:135-154
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:The phenomenon of migration has existed since ancient times, and briefly, it means the displacement of individuals or leaving their living spaces and settelments for other places. The oldest known migration in history is the “Migration of Tribes”, which started from Eurasian steppes and significantly affected the future of civilizations during the centuries. The main reason that pushed people to migrate in the past was the desire to access more fertile soils and more favorable climat. Great geographical discoveries have not only changed the perception of borders and the lands of the countries but also directed the attention of people to untouched lands all over the world. First these intact lands were approached for commercial purposes, then with the development of imperialism, these lands were wanted to be seized for colonialism. In time migration movements have diversified and gained more complex dimensions. Nowadays migration became one of the most important issues of globalized world.
- Price: 4.50 €
Central Asian Fighters and Their Families in Syria: Refugees or Terrorists?
Central Asian Fighters and Their Families in Syria: Refugees or Terrorists?
(Central Asian Fighters and Their Families in Syria: Refugees or Terrorists?)
- Author(s):Ainur Nogayeva, Dana Akhmedyanova
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Peace and Conflict Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:155-168
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:The Syrian crisis is a global conflict that involve such multiple stakeholders as the Syrian government, groups of the armed opposition, Islamist groups and jihadists from around the world (including fighters from Central Asia), regional powers and global superpowers. At the same time, the Syrian crisis is a part of the Arab Spring. Formation of the so-called “Islamic State” (ISIS, or IS) and its expansion in the region complicated the situation even more.
- Price: 4.50 €
Determining The Socio-Economic and Security Impacts of Rohingya Refugees on Neighbouring Countries: Bangladesh and India
Determining The Socio-Economic and Security Impacts of Rohingya Refugees on Neighbouring Countries: Bangladesh and India
(Determining The Socio-Economic and Security Impacts of Rohingya Refugees on Neighbouring Countries: Bangladesh and India)
- Author(s):Murat Pınar, Soyalp Tamçelik
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Migration Studies, Socio-Economic Research, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:169-200
- No. of Pages:32
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:Migration and refugee movement, affecting most parts of the modern world in a direct or indirect way, are among the top issues that require a global responsibility and burden sharing. More and more people are leaving their homes, lands, jobs, workplaces, habits, cultural heritage, relatives, loved ones and eventually their countries. While migrants mostly relocate due to factors such as underdevelopment, climate change and natural disasters, refugees are subjected to forced migration due to factors such as wars, discrimination, human rights violations and genocide. Therefore, it can be said that migrants opt to relocate, whereas refugees are forced to do so.
- Price: 4.50 €
Immigration and Belonging on The America - Mexico Border
Immigration and Belonging on The America - Mexico Border
(Immigration and Belonging on The America - Mexico Border)
- Author(s):Ferdi Güçyetmez
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:201-216
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:Throughout history, humanity is in the records as a living being in continuous motion. Although migration is an ancient phenomenon historically, it has played an essential role in industrialization andmodernization processes. It has been an essential aspect of social life and political economy since the 1650s. In the history of international migrations, primarily due to capitalism and labour mobility, the years between 1850-1914 witnessed mass migrations in Europe and North America. Although xenophobia and economic stagnation, which increased after 1914, led to a significant decrease in immigration, the migration situation continues.Especially in the last quarter-century, when globalization and regional conflicts that started after the second world war continued, migration movements accelerated due to many reasons. Besides, migration conditions are improving due to the developing technical progress.
- Price: 4.50 €
The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (Daca)
The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (Daca)
(The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (Daca))
- Author(s):Zekeriya Alperen Bedirhan
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:217-225
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:Persons born outside the United States and immigrated into the country as children without valid federal approval are likely to find provisional work permission and avoid deportation. As the name implies, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) was an American policy, which prevented the ejection of undocumented migrants brought into the country illegally by their parents. Rescinded by President Trump in 2017, DACA asserted that eligible migrants were free from deportation for two years, but were not conferred formal legal statuses.
- Price: 4.50 €
The Issue of Immigration in The United States Elections: A Look at Trump-Era
The Issue of Immigration in The United States Elections: A Look at Trump-Era
(The Issue of Immigration in The United States Elections: A Look at Trump-Era)
- Author(s):Akın Sağıroğlu, İlhan Aras
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:227-234
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:In the 1870-1880s, the main targets of the American people were Chinese immigrants who were a threat to Americans' jobs, wages, and lifestyle. Therefore, the first law enacted to prevent a certain ethnic group in America was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. In the following century, there were different migrant targets. In 1942, in the aftermath of the Pearl Harber bombing, Executive Order 9066 was signed by President Roosevelt which led to the displacement and detention of more than 110.000 Japanese Americans from 1942 to 1946. Towards the end of the 20th century, Latin Americans and Muslims were more on the agenda. After the September 11 attacks, Muslims were seen as a potential threat to America's security.1 Nearly 150 years later, the same issue has been heavily debated in American politics.
- Price: 4.50 €
An Alternative Solution to Problems Arising in Refugee Crises: Humanitarian Space and Humanitarian System
An Alternative Solution to Problems Arising in Refugee Crises: Humanitarian Space and Humanitarian System
(An Alternative Solution to Problems Arising in Refugee Crises: Humanitarian Space and Humanitarian System)
- Author(s):Saadet Çalışkan Ciğer
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Welfare systems, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:235-247
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:The event that shaped the lives of countries and therefore people the most in the 20th century was undoubtedly the Cold War that lasted from 1947 to 1991. In this period, security concerns came to the forefront, the realist doctrine established an indisputable dominance over all other international relations theories and the area of international relations was as in the state of nature. Therefore, this period affected all policies of states and people’s lives and lifestyles with a domino effect.
- Price: 4.50 €
Developing Effective Resilience Based Strategies for Refugees
Developing Effective Resilience Based Strategies for Refugees
(Developing Effective Resilience Based Strategies for Refugees)
- Author(s):Murat Koray
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:249-264
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:According to the data of the United Nations, 70 million people around the world have been displaced by reasons such as conflict, starvation, danger of death, violence and abuse. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) stated that 30 million of them are refugees who fled their country due to fundamental human rights violations, while 40 million are those who have been forced to migrate within the borders of their countries.
- Price: 4.50 €
Enclavity and Refugees
Enclavity and Refugees
(Enclavity and Refugees)
- Author(s):Tarık Demir
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:265-275
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:Today, it is observed that large scale migration movements have increased and millions of people are crossing borders under unregistered immigrant or refugee status every year. The subject of enclave / exclave* country territories, which comes to the forefront in border studies emerging as an eccentric form of migration, in other words, enclavity phenomenon, is observed to be closely associated with the issue of refugees and immigration. Considering today's conjuncture, which manifests an increase in the measures taken by nationstates for controlling foreigners' access to their countries through borders, it is observed that on the part of refugees, who live within the borders of enclave/exclave countries, the attempt to enter countries surrounding these territories poses more challenges. In other words, it is observed that starting from post-colonial period, the country borders have been re-drawn and the number of enclave country territories has increased*. Similarly, as a result ofglobalism, cases of immigration and number of refugees increased significantly due to adverse economic conditions or ethnic conflicts.
- Price: 4.50 €
Refugees and Climate Change
Refugees and Climate Change
(Refugees and Climate Change)
- Author(s):Sezin İba Gürsoy
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:277-285
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Migration Series; Climate change; DACA; immigrants; international policy; irregular migration; maritime security; migration policy; refugee crisis; refugee law; refugees; Rohingya; terrorism;
- Summary/Abstract:The displacement process of people depends on many economic, social, political, cultural and environmental reasons. The number of international migrants has continued to grow rapidly, reaching from 150 million in 2000 to 220 million in 2010 and 272 million in 2019. The number of refugees also increased from 14 million in 2000 to 26 million in 2020.1More than half of all refugees globally originate from just three countries – Afghanistan, Somalia, and Syria.
- Price: 4.50 €
