Search results for: Gerhardt Csejka in All Content

Sociology and Everyday Life: Problemizing the Relationship?

Sociology and Everyday Life: Problemizing the Relationship?

Author(s): Kolyo Koev / Language(s): English / Issue: Special/2002

Keywords: Traditions and Transitions in Sociology; sociology and everyday life; self-problemization; modern sociology and the sociological knowledge; sociological knowledge and everyday reality; methodology and sociology; Max Weber’s sociology; “sociologization” of

The paper focuses on the mutual problemization between sociology and everyday life, which in itself should be interpreted as a relationship of incessant self-problemization. This same relationship is taken up as a significant constructive principle in the development of the conceptual apparatus of modern sociology. From such a perspective the assertion is mantained, that should we desire to identify the social image of sociological knowledge at one point of its development or another, we must take into consideration the nature of its correlation with everyday life by identifying the critical points of problemization. Conversely, should we elect to study one aspect of the everyday or another by its own measure, we must always be alert to the blurry, shifting boundary between sociological knowledge and everyday reality, and to be methodologically prepared for the lurking danger of sociologization of everyday life. The historical roots of the principle of self-problemization are outlined in the context of Max Weber’s sociology. The second part of the paper deals with a crucially significant borderline case of “sociologization” of everyday knowledge, one that throws light on the contemporary sociological situation.

John Barth’s Literature of “Replenishment”: the Heroes’ Parody in the Novel “Giles-Goat Boy”

Johno Bartho „prisotinimo“ literatūra: herojų parodija romane „Ožkavaikis Džailzas“

Author(s): Daina Miniotaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: humanistic postmodernism; literature of “exhaustion”; literature of “replenishment”, Bildungsroman; hagiography; monomyth; dualistic world outlook; deconstruction of binary oppositions.

The article focuses on the analysis of John Barth‘s (1930) – one of the leading postmodern American writer’s – novel Giles Goat-Boy (1966) in an attempt to introduce the Lithuanian reader to the novel and to illustrate Barth’s idea of the literature of “replenishment”. In the novel the writer transforms and parodies the “exhausted” literary genres and forms: monomyth, ancient myth, hagiography of the Middle Ages, 18th century Bildungsroman. However, Barth’s interest lies not in the outer, historical aspect of the chosen myths, but their philosophical, psychological, and aesthetic significance. By means of hagiography – the lives of Saints – Barth criticizes a dualistic world outlook, and portrays individual as a combination of binary oppositions which do not negate but complement each other. Elements of science fiction (cyber novel) in the work convey ironically the essence of a postmodern consumer technocratic society where individual acquires a sense of spiritual impotence and unauthenticity. The use of monomyth reveals contemporary individual’s artificial existence as a blind imitation of already created life schemes. And the parody of Bildungsroman encourages individual to resist the already created schemes of life, and stresses the significance of a person’s unique experience and intellect.

Reminiscences on the Origins of Journal Sociológia

Niekoľko spomienok na vznik časopisu Sociológia

Author(s): Ján Pašiak / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2009

Keywords: Sociology; Slovakia; journal; Sociológia; origins; communism

Reminiscences on the Origins of Journal Sociológia. Fortieth anniversaries of renaissance of the Slovak sociology that was destroyed by the commencing communist regime in the 1949 fall in the first decade of the third millennium. This period was marked by the birth of the Slovak Sociological Society (1964), Department of Sociology at the Faculty Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava (1964), Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS) (1965) and of a journal of the Institute for Sociology of SAS – Sociológia in 1969. Before, sociological studies and research had been published in the journal Otázky marxistickej filozofie (Issues of Marxist Philosophy). The founding of journal Sociológia was aided by foreign sociologists such as Jan Szczepański (then the president of International Sociological Association) and Ernest Gellner from London School of Economics. Membership in the editorial board was offered to sociologists from A. Štefánek's (founder of the Slovak sociology) generation, to his students and to a generation that graduated from the renewed Department of Sociology at the Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava. Such intergenerational grouping of sociologists succeeded in developing a concept of a Slovak scientific periodical of a very high quality, even though it only lasted from 1969 to 1970. Coming era of normalization of the communist regime in the Czechoslovakia brought about radical changes in the concept pushed through by representatives of the scientific communism. Sociológia 2009, Vol. 41 (No. 1: 5-13)

Some aspects of state control in Enlightenment Transylvania: Romanian Schools

Câteva aspecte ale controlului statului în Transilvania secolului Luminilor: şcolile româneşti

Author(s): Iacob Mârza / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2005

Keywords: Siècle des Lumières; réglementations scolaires; censure; directeurs scolairs; Iosif Martonfi; Iosif von Lerchenfeld; Gheorghe Şincai; Dimitrie Eustatievici

L’auteur de la ci-présente étude traite des modalités par lesquelles le contrôle des autorités de la chancellerie de la Grande Principauté de la Transylvanie se manifestait sur les écoles roumaines, à partir de la générosité d’un thème de recherche tel celui des livres, des cultures et des nationalités dans la Monarchie habsbourgeoise (1626-1918). Il s’agit, en fait, d’un témoignage convaincant sur l’existence de la censure à l’époque, surtout dans le domaine de l’enseignement, tel qu’il résulte d’une certaine couche historiographique et de la législation de l’époque: Ratio educationis, Vienne, 1777; Norma regia, Sibiu, 1781, et enfin, Ratio educationis, Buda, 1806. Après avoir présenté les structures institutionnelles de la chancellerie, qui offraient le cadre légal de réalisation du contrôle de l’État dans les écoles roumaines de la Grande Principauté de la Transylvanie (Studienhofkommission und Zensur; Commissio Catholica recte Commissio Ecclesiastica seu Commissio Publico-Ecclesiastica; Commissio Litteraria), qui ont subi diverses réglementations à travers les décennies, pendant le siècle des Lumières, l’auteur insiste sur les coordonnées de l’activité des directeurs primaires – inspecteurs principaux (confessionnaux) – director regius. Le directeur primaire contrôlait l’activité des écoles dans lesquelles il y avait des élèves catholiques, réformés, orthodoxes et gréco-catholiques. En guise d’exemple, l’auteur de l’étude discute de l’activité déroulée par les inspecteurs principaux Iosif Martonfi et Iosif von Lerchenfeld, qui représentaient tous les deux les nations privilégiées. Durant les dernières décennies du XVIIIème siècle, Gheorghe Şincai et Dimitrie Eustatievici déroulent eux-aussi leur activité d’inspecteurs principaux, tout en étant pleinement conscients de la nécessité de l’effort du peuple roumain en vue de son élévation à l’état des nations privilégiées en Transylvanie, et cela à travers la culture et l’enseignement. La lignée des inspecteurs scolaires peut être complétée par Ioan Piuariu-Molnar, Radu Tempea, Petru Maior, Moise Fulea, Gheorghe Tatu, Vasile Nemeş, e.a. Le système d’organisation des directions scolaires confessionnelles en Transylvanie a été engendré par le cadre politique du réformisme autrichien, les milieux de la chancellerie accordant une importance primordiale à l’enseignement, qui est devenu ensuite «ein Politikum». Le but culturel et politique était, tel que l’historiographie du problème l’a déjà établi, la formation du citoyen idéal, loyal, éduqué par rapport à l’horizon de sa condition économique et sociale, pleinement conscient du rôle qui lui était attribué dans une société en train de devenir moderne et rationaliste.

Leibniz on Subject and Individual Substance

Leibniz on Subject and Individual Substance

Author(s): Adrian Nita / Language(s): English / Issue: 2 (78)/2012

Keywords: early modern philosophy; Leibniz; substance; complete concept; individual substance

We will focus on the theory of complete concept in the philosophy of Leibniz. We will not emphasise the epistemological aspects, but rather will concentrate on the metaphysical implications of this theory. Some questions requiring an answer will be: are there two individual substances of the same kind? What is the nature of a substance that is only possible? What kind of notion has the unactualised possible? What is the nature of the relationship between individual substance and the complete notion? In order to answer these questions, we will present in the first part of the paper the concept of individual substance, in the second part, we will focus on the problem whether the possible objects have or have not a complete concept, and in the third part we will give some additional arguments to support our answer.

The End(s) of the Dystopian City: From Metropolis to Gravity’s Rainbow… and back

The End(s) of the Dystopian City: From Metropolis to Gravity’s Rainbow… and back

Author(s): Andrei Simut / Language(s): English / Issue: 25/2013

Keywords: Dystopia; Fritz Lang; Thomas Pynchon; Modern city; City film; Heterotopia.

The aim of the present study is to analyze the dystopian elements in Thomas Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow, and to prove that his dystopian vision imbues not only references close to famous dystopias of Twentieth Century such as Nineteenth-Eighty Four, but also to films (the Expressionist movement), and especially Metropolis by Fritz Lang. Although there is a rich amount of critical work on Gravity’s Rainbow, the intertextual relationships between these texts and films have rarely been explored in order to understand and clarify Pynchon’s postmodern dystopian vision. The influence of film on literature is also a less discussed topic, especially in the case of classic, canonic writers such as Orwell and Pynchon.

Eastern Europe in the History Lessons on Higher Schools in Germany (West)

Osteuropa im Geschichtsunterricht der Höheren Schule in der Bundesrepublik

Author(s): Oskar Anweiler / Language(s): German / Issue: 01/1956

The Translation of Speech into Non-Speaking, and of Silence into Words: Věra Linhartová as Dramatist

Převod řeči do nemluvení a translace ticha do slov aneb Dramatická tvorba Věry Linhartové

Author(s): Lenka Jungmannová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Linhartová; Věra; drama

The article discusses two radio plays by Věra Linhartová (b. 1938), including their performance. It demonstrates that the chief means of utterance in both plays becomes the language that Linhartová always explores in relation to man. The first part of the text considers the distinctive critique of 'logocentrism' in the play Překladatel (The Translator, 1969), in which a parallel is posited between the act of translating and man considered ontologically. The second part of the article interprets Linhartová's search for the boundaries of rational representation. The play Přesýpací hodina (The Hourglass, 1970) depicts human thinking as a palimpsest, which, when deprived of the possibility of speech, loses its metaphysical quality. The article also analyses the experimental essence of the plays, which consists in their minimalistic plots, conceptually formulated characters, and 'abstract' settings, but also the playwright's experiment with the essentiality of a literary work intended for radio broadcast, when in her dramas she thematizes the problem of the performativity of verbal expression.

The multilingual nature of literary life in the Czech lands in the 14th and 15th centuries. Seven thematic excursions within Czech studies

Vícejazyčnost literárního života v českých zemích 14. a 15. století. Sedm tematických exkurzů v rámci bohemistiky

Author(s): Jakub Sichálek / Language(s): / Issue: 6/2014

Keywords: 14th and 15th century Bohemical literature; multilingualism; linguistic interference; Czech; German; Latin; Polish; Hebrew; Slovak; Old Church Slavonic; macaronic poetry

Seven short case studies chart the issues surrounding multilingualism in 14th and 15th century Bohemical literature: I) Czech as a “corpus delicti”, II) The alternation of Czech and German in the Latin language context, III) Multilingualism in practice: between polylingualism and linguistic interference, IV) Multilingualism: mise en forme and mise en page, V) Mélange as a poetic technique, VI) Multilingualism as a literary motif, VII) Literary history versus Bohemical multilingual literature. In addition to the relations between Latin, Czech and German, the author also takes into account Hebrew, Polish, Slovak and Old Church Slavonic, drawing attention inter alia to the need to correct blanket statements about trilingual literary life in the medieval Czech lands.

Military Transformation. Trends and New Strategic Visions

Transformarea militară. Tendinţe şi noi viziuni strategice

Author(s): Gabriel GABOR,Elena-Laura Ungureanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: structures; military transformation; modernization; military organizations

Transformation is a strategic imperative. At the level of the ministries of national defence of NATO Member States, modernization is influenced by the stringent conditions afferent to the competition in the information era. In this stage, power is determined by the distribution of information, the access to information and the capacity of making rapid decisions.Transformation is a process that meets the need to adapt to the rapid changes occurring at the level of cooperation and collaboration, under the conditions of the simultaneous development of new concepts, new capabilities and new structural organizations that exploit the advantages with unto asymmetric threats and allow the pursuit of strategic interests.

President of Poland as a stabilizing factor

Der polnische Staatspräsident als Stabilitätsfaktor (Grundriss der Theorie und der Praxis)

Author(s): Piotr Czarny / Language(s): German / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: President of the Republic Poland; Polish system of government; political arbitration of the head of state; stabilization of the political system

The article attempts to constitutional and political assessment, whether the President of Poland is a factor of stability in the Polish system of government . After a brief overview of the evolution of the institution head of state were presented constitutional assumptions, which can make the head of state arbitrator in political disputes. Then he described the outline of constitutional practices since 1997. According to the main thesis of the article President of the Republic Polen in the little acts as a stabilizing factor, because of its dependence on political parties, which reported his candidacy in the election.

EXAMINATION ON PERSONALITY TYPES OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED ELITE ATHLETES

EXAMINATION ON PERSONALITY TYPES OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED ELITE ATHLETES

Author(s): Abdulkerim Çeviker,Hasan Erdem Mumcu,Hikmet Turkay,Osman Kusan,Ömür F. KARAKULLUKÇU / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Keywords: Visually Impaired; Sports; Personality Types;

The present study aims to examine personalities of visually impaired elite athletes and reveal the effect of sports on personality. The study sample covers 168 visually impaired elite level athletes, 51 of whom were female and 117 of whom were male. The age range of these athletes was 15-25 years. All visually impaired athletes who participated in the study are competitors in B1 level national teams. The “Big Five Scale” developed John and al., (1991), which was adapted to Turkish by Gencoz and Oncul (2003), was used in the study as the data gathering instrument. The data obtained in the research was transferred into SPSS 22.0 program. Significant differences were found between age groups and personalities of visually impaired athletes in terms of their convergence-peacefulness and personality scale and between score averages of subdimensions in term of sports branch variables.

Sub specie æternitatis. Collected Writings of Andor Járosi, ed. Timea Benkő (Cluj-Napoca: Romániai Evangélikus-Lutheránus Egyház, 2019), (Bibliotheca Augustana Transsylvanica 5.), 448 pp.

Sub specie æternitatis. Járosi Andor folyóiratokban megjelent összegyűjtött írásai, szerk. Benkő Timea (Kolozsvár: Romániai Evangélikus-Lutheránus Egyház, 2019), (Bibliotheca Augustana Transsylvanica 5.), 448 old.

Author(s): György Gaal / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 4/2020

History and mythology in Suchoň’s opera King Svätopluk

História a mytológia v Suchoňovom Svätoplukovi

Author(s): Milan Blahynka / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 02/2010

Keywords: History and mythology; Suchoň; opera King Svätopluk; Eugen Suchoň;

In the opera King Svätopluk, which tells the story from the Great Moravian period, Eugen Suchoň combines its historical and mythological dimension into one organic whole. Musically, he applies mainly the principles of dynamic form. The aesthetic and artistic functions are closely related to non-aesthetic and particularly ethical one. Suchoň develops his modern drama about contradictory personality on the background of unified historical and mythical events.

Colloquium "... that there is nothing with us ...". Thoughts on the communication strategy of Transylvanian Lutheranism in the 1560s

Kolloquium „… dass es nichts bei uns gibt …“. Überlegungen zur Kommunikationsstrategie des siebenbürgischen Luthertums in den 1560er-Jahren

Author(s): Frank Krauss / Language(s): German / Issue: _/2020

In the Reformation anniversary (2017) numerous publications appeared on this topic and it seems to be a basic tenor that the Reformation was not a German, but a European overall event. This also applies to the Transylvania region, in which the first Reformation writings were introduced around the change from the 1510s to the 1520s. // The aim of the present work is to provide an insight into my dissertation project “Formation and Consolidation of the Lutheran Confession in Transylvania, shown using the book as a medium”. Based on the well-known Brevis confessio de sacra coena Domini, I will outline some fundamental considerations for the process of my work. The Brevis Confessio is particularly suitable because as a printed publication it has argumentative entanglements of various origins and, in my opinion, represents an early attempt to communicate Lutheran theology in Transylvania with royal support. // The dissertation project is dedicated to the question of what influence the new medium of letterpress printing had on the formation and consolidation of the Lutheran creed in Transylvania and how these processes are reflected in it. // Your objective is threefold: First, you will research the institutional use of printing in relation to Lutheran confessional decisions. The dissertation thus traces the framework in which individuals of the time moved. // Second, it aims to research the denominational printing history of three central printing works in Transylvania in the early modern period: Kronstadt, Hermannstadt and Cluj-Napoca. // Thirdly, it focuses on the theological reading material of the Transylvanian Saxons on a qualitative level and uses it to determine their theological education. // This presentation of the history of institutions, media and theology will contribute to the development of Lutheranism in Transylvania, offering a touchstone for paradigms of church history in the Holy Roman Empire.

AN OUTLOOK OF THE THEATRE OF ABSURD VIA THE FRAMEWORK OF CHAOS THEORY

AN OUTLOOK OF THE THEATRE OF ABSURD VIA THE FRAMEWORK OF CHAOS THEORY

Author(s): Saeid Rahimipour / Language(s): English / Issue: 24/2018

Keywords: Theatre; Absurd; Chaos Theory; Outlook; Analyze;

The detection and the application of principles of other branches of science and art has been influential in reforming and forming new ideas and interpretations in other areas of science. This article has dealt with the detection and justification of the principles of chaos theory in the plays of postmodern dramatists. The postmodern absurd theatre can be closely justified at the shadow of the principles of chaos theory mainly regarding the themes afflicting humanity at postmodern era. The article makes it clear how the themes can best be justified within the frameworks of chaos theory and how these chaotic themes can lead to tranquilized condition of human being via the framework of dramatic art. This has enabled the unseen in- tumult layers of human mind regarding his condition and being emerged, made tangible, and get soothed in its condition, a phenomenon whose illustration would be impossible with no other way round. Finally, the paper presents the finding that the chaotic state of mind and being of postmodern man based on the chaotic state of the postmodernism era would capture the significance and meaning built based on his own findings and understanding.

AN OUTLOOK OF THE THEATRE OF ABSURD VIA THE FRAMEWORK OF CHAOS THEORY

AN OUTLOOK OF THE THEATRE OF ABSURD VIA THE FRAMEWORK OF CHAOS THEORY

Author(s): Saeid Rahimipour / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: Theatre; Absurd; Chaos Theory; Outlook; Analyze;

The detection and the application of principles of other branches of science and art has been influential in reforming and forming new ideas and interpretations in other areas of science. This article has dealt with the detection and justification of the principles of chaos theory in the plays of postmodern dramatists. The postmodern absurd theatre can be closely justified at the shadow of the principles of chaos theory mainly regarding the themes afflicting humanity at postmodern era. The article makes it clear how the themes can best be justified within the frameworks of chaos theory and how these chaotic themes can lead to tranquilized condition of human being via the framework of dramatic art. This has enabled the unseen in-tumult layers of human mind regarding his condition and being emerged, made tangible, and get soothed in its condition, a phenomenon whose illustration would be impossible with no other way round. Finally, the paper presents the finding that the chaotic state of mind and being of postmodern man based on the chaotic state of the postmodernism era would capture the significance and meaning built based on his own findings and understanding.

PERSISTENCE AND THE BECOMING OF THE PICTORIAL PORTRAIT

PERSISTENCE AND THE BECOMING OF THE PICTORIAL PORTRAIT

Author(s): Cristian Ungureanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 24/2022

Keywords: portrait; painting; expression; art history; contemporary;

The seductive power of the Pictorial Portrait determined that, in the context of certain cultural eras, the portraits were made according to attitudes and expressions that would cover the aspects of philosophical, theological, aesthetic, or political ideals. Once it regains its place in the modern art of the 20th century, the Pictorial Portrait becomes an opportunity to explore unlimited expressive and conceptual dimensions. Artists realize that when there is an exceptional talent and it is educated on all intellectual and spiritual levels of the human being, the perspective on art acquires unprecedented dimensions in the history of the arts.

COMPREHENSIVE CRIMINOLOGY - A TELEOLOGICAL AND HERMENEUTICAL PERSPECTIVE ON CRIMINAL BEHAVIOURS

COMPREHENSIVE CRIMINOLOGY - A TELEOLOGICAL AND HERMENEUTICAL PERSPECTIVE ON CRIMINAL BEHAVIOURS

Author(s): George Mircea Botescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: anomy; disnomy; paranomy; crime; criminogenic construct; criminogenesys; discordant socialisation; teleologic; teleonomic; epistemology; etiology; hermeneutics; deviance;

COMPREHENSIVE CRIMINOLOGY elaborated by George C. Basiliade (Comprehensive Criminology, Expert Publishing House, 2006, 903 pages,Romanian Academy Award, 2006) represents not only an encyclopedic treatise,unique in the Romanian specialised literature but also an original conception of the epistemology of crime, unique in the European and global thinking.Unfortunately, this work remains insufficiently known and barely integrated in the circuit of academic values. Our analytical approach proposes revealing some of the original operational concepts introduced by George C. Basiliade in the deconstruction and reconstruction of criminology. Defining the object of a criminology based on constitutive interdisciplinary, the author opts for human reality as a constant reference element for connecting ideas to a way of understanding that goes beyond the classical etiological explanations about the perpetrator and crime. Significant is the fact that, after a comprehensive literature review, he pinpoints the logical and methodological inconsistency of traditional criminology and contemporary orientations. The author selects the main themes integrated in the object of criminology, starting from the concepts of responsibility and sanction. These coordinates of forbidden human behaviors are located in the biblical texts of Creation and make of originals in (violation of fundamental prohibitions), the expulsion from Eden (punishment),the free will (as a possibility of behavioral choice) and the teleonomic imperative of species survival, some of the defining dimensions for defining the human being. Based on the complex analysis of the socialization process (affective, cognitive and normative socialization), the author reveals, in one original way, the fact that discordant is the link between crime as a social phenomenon and the criminal behavior, as an individual or group manifestation, designing the operational concept of discordant socialization. Configuring the main ideas about the relationship between socialization and crime, which could structure a general theory on crime, George C. Basiliade reveals that crime, as a social phenomenon, consists of all behaviors that violate the criminal law. It is the result of contradictions and dysfunctions at the level of global societies and of the fields of action of the social controlling instances and social media. There are contradictions and dysfunctions inherent in the social system, because, it reflects a constant of the world, namely the imperfection of the human being,after the original sin and its ontological inability to organize and function according to the transcendent principles of a universal harmony.

An Obscure Latin source on the activities of Methodius' disciples in Hungary in the early 11th century

Малоизвестный латинский источник о деятельности учеников Мефодия в Венгрии в начале XI века

Author(s): Imre Toth / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/1986