Search results for: Gerhardt Csejka in All Content

Technoculture and Its Artistic Manifestations. The Media World of Hybrids and Hybridization

Technokultura i jej manifestacje artystyczne. Medialny świat hybryd i hybrydyzacji

Author(s): Piotr Zawojski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: technoculture; art; culture; media; hybrids; posthumanism; transhumanism; hybridization

Biotechnology delineates today's framework of reflection on technoculture in a time of postdigital and postnetwork society, while decline of the cognitive capacity of the new media categories requires a search for other concepts enabling a description and interpretation of the condition of contemporary technoculture and its artistic manifestations. This process revolves around and is fuelled by various strategies of media hybridization, through which the media hybrids have become prevalent artifacts, both material and non-material, or, objects manufactured in the cultural production, but also conceptual vehicles serving a description of the phenomena of contemorary culture dominated by objects and technological discourses. Hybridity today is one of the crucial categories, around which I attempt to develop my own interpretation of technoculture in the postdigital era. In doing so, I do not adopt the approach of technological determinism, which viewed the process of emancipation of technology in dark tones. I depart on a journey around this world outlining numerous dilemmas concerning the place of art and artists in a continually changing context implied by bio-techno-logical reality. This reality is shaped by the increasingly significant, not to say dominant, tendencies, which are conceptualized in the post-humanist and trans-humanist way of thinking. New media artists use the instrumentation of contemporary technology and, referring to scientific developments, they unceasingly experiment, using new tools of creation for the interpretation of technocultural reality. The triad: art – technology – science along with another triad: art – new media art – post media art are landmarks for my research explorations into major artistic and cultural processes within the practices and theoretical discourses of the media world. "After media" and by means of postmedia, a contemporary face of postdigitalism is developing, in which deep remix becomes one of the fundamental practices of contemporary atists and of each participant in the cybercultural world. The universum of technoculture is processing, very frequently critically and outright, the commonly held to date opinions and judgements of the digital revolution and mediatized reality. The working of the new media, or, in better terms, our work with the new (post)media is an example of unending work in progress. This is discussed in the third part of the book, which presents various artistic strategies of eminent new media artists. These strategies show that it is possible to pursue different ways of artistic creation without abandoning scholarly, cognitive, research and philosophical ambitions. Ken Goldberg, Stelarc, Christa Sommerer and Laurent Mignonneau, Ryoji Ikeda and many artists whom I present in the last chapter devoted to hybrid art, represent different tendencies and movements in media art, but, at the same time, they are only a departure point for deliberations reaching far beyond their artworks. I am considering the status of new media art, technoart and hybrid art, which, possibly, should be regarded as the most symptomatic manifestation of transformations within media art, although crossing the boundaries of the genre, type (analogue vs. digital, traditional vs. new media) and transmediality are its defining features. These artists (the ones discussed in detail in extensive chapters devoted to their work, and the ones discussed only briefly) are well-known to anyone interested in media art issues. However, quite symptomatically, none of them has ever won as much acclaim in the, broadly understood, art world as artists pursuing traditional art forms including painting, sculpture and even architecture. Why? Because, say, despite the ubiquity of the new digital media in social space and communication, the new media art still constitutes the margin of contemporary art. In a way, in this book, I myself attempt at re-evaluation, or rather, greater recognition of the contemporary art making use of the cutting-edge media technologies. Their distinctive feature at present is being dominated by hybrids, hybridity and hybridization processes, yet, in fact, I mean something more than that. I attempt at taking a view at contemporary technoculture through the works of contemporary artists who are treated marginally and as a ballast of technological transformations, whereas, in fact, they are the true avantguarde of the civilizational and cultural transformations of the contemporary world.

In Search of the Self: Reconciling the Past and the Present in Immigrants’ Experience

In Search of the Self: Reconciling the Past and the Present in Immigrants’ Experience

Author(s): Larisa Fialkova,Maria Yelenevskaya / Language(s): English

This book is a follow-up to our project devoted to personal narratives of ex-Soviets in Israel. Our original plan was to collect previously published articles dealing with immigration issues but differing from the main themes of our book Ex-Soviets in Israel: From Personal Narratives to a Group Portrait (Fialkova & Yelenevskaya 2007). The themes of immigrants in the city, attitude to law, immigrants’ literature and humor were touched upon but not developed in depth in that volume.They were researched in a number of papers written later (Fialkova &Yelenevskaya 2006, 2006a, 2011, 2012, Yelenevskaya & Fialkova 2006,2008) and discussed in our presentations at 11 scholarly conferences.However, when we re-read the articles we realized that the situation in the Russian-speaking community was so dynamic that studies conducted three-five years ago should be seriously revised and updated.

DEMOCRACY FETTERED BY TOTARIENTALITY. CONTEMPORARY RESTRICTIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES

DEMOKRACJA W OKOWACH TOTARIENTALNOŚCI. WSPÓŁCZESNE OGRANICZENIA IMPLEMENTACJI ZASAD DEMOKRATYCZNYCH

Author(s): Cezary J. Olbromski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: democracy; totarientality

Czy dzisiaj – gdy kolejne odsłony totalności mamy już za sobą – zwycięska demokracja nie jest zagrożona? Autor kreśli scenariusz przyszłości zdominowanej przez sprawne i zamknięte systemy zorientowane na ekspansję, dla których e-cywilizacja stanowi nowe środowisko naturalne. Proces ten wymusza redefinicję sfery polityczności, obywatelstwa, lojalności, wreszcie totalności, po to by demokracja nie była instrumentalnie zracjonalizowanym algorytmem skuteczności formalnej – to ona jest teraz dla samej siebie największym zagrożeniem. Autor (…) zmusza czytelnika do zaakceptowania (…) niesłychanie skomplikowanego procesu – załamywania się starego porządku politycznego przy jednoczesnym powstawaniu całkowicie nowego, charakteryzującego się nie tylko nieustalonymi wektorami rozwoju, ale i kreacją nowych struktur o odmiennych od dotychczasowych mechanizmach funkcjonowania. /// z recenzji profesora Romana Bäckera

Introduction to balkanology

Wprowadzenie do bałkanologii

Author(s): Irena Sawicka,Jolanta Sujecka / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Balkans; ethnic groups; language areas; borderland; language convergence; phonetics; syntax

“No other European region attracts this much attention, both positive and negative, as the Balkans. Why so? Looking into the history and culture of the region, we inevitably come to the absurd conclusion that similarities divide. Nations which think alike do all they can to be different. That is the Balkans for you. […] What is more, the Balkans, especially so-called Western Balkans, still constitute a testing ground which allows us to observe in real life the operation of processes of convergence in the realms of mentality and the language structures used to categorise notions” (from the introductory chapter) “The book presents new material originating from the authors’ own research – above all: a comprehensive study of Balkan phonetics, which differs substantially from the fragmentary classic approaches and introduces a new classification of regions as well as a number of hitherto unpresented details; a explication of the notions of “historical Balkans” and “cultural and mental Balkans” as well as a juxtaposition of their ranges with the “linguistic Balkans”. We also propose a methodology useful for description of all sorts of areal phenomena, a methodology resulting directly from the peculiar character of convergences within a language league” (from the Authors’ introductory comments).

Do We Live in "Common Era"? Modern Times as a Philosophical Project.

Czy żyjemy w “naszej erze”? Nowożytność jako projekt filozoficzny

Author(s): Marek Kozłowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: ethics; morality; Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich; Marks Karol; Kant Immanuel

The book includes texts that are supposed to familiarize the reader with the manner of posing and developing questions that, according to the author, are of greatest value in approaching the philosophy.

Psychosocial Aspects of Life and Work in the Context of Intergenerational Differences and Organisational Policy

Psychospołeczne aspekty życia i pracy w kontekście różnic międzypokoleniowych i polityki organizacyjnej

Author(s): Anna Lubrańska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: work, adulthood; age management; life satisfaction; job satisfaction; organisational commitment; work values; stress at work; conflicts between roles; organisational climate

The research project presented in the monograph ‘Psychosocial Aspects of Life and Work in the Context of Intergenerational Differences and Organisational Policy’ has been realised basically in order to recognise differences among three generations of adult workers, with consideration given to the dimension of organisational practices as well. The theoretical part contains a detailed characteristics of the stages of adulthood (the early, middle, and late) and different generations at the labour market (the generation of traditionalists, baby boomers, generations X, Y, and C). The following chapters have been devoted to the issues of age management, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, organisational commitment, preferred job-related values, stress at work, and conflicts between roles. In the empirical part, there are formulated two basic particular goals. Firstly, an attempt has been made to observe generational differentiation within individual experiences in the area of life satisfaction, job satisfaction, organisational commitment, work values, work-family and family-work conflicts and stress at work among representatives of the three stages of adulthood (early, middle, and late adulthood). Another assumption dealt with describing mutual relations between varied aspects of age policy in an organisation and experiences of the study participants within the enumerated categories. A separate task was to consider the variable of organisational climate and its role in the utilised solutions regarding age management in an organisation. In the examined population (n=757) there have been observed intergenerational differences in the areas of organisational commitment, work values, work-family conflict and stress at work. Another general conclusion that is drawn from the studies under presentation indicates a significant role of age management for personal experiences. Moreover, some significant positive relations between organisational climate and varied aspects of age policy in an organisation have been evidenced. It was simultaneously observed that the type of organisational climate differentiated significantly the intensity of solutions used within age policy in an organisation. Moreover, the obtained solutions have allowed for forming some suggestions to be applied in future empirical proceedings and also some practical implications regarding contemporary organisational reality.

In the distorting mirror of irony and self-mockery. Implicitly on women and men

W krzywym zwierciadle ironii i autoironii. O kobietach i mężczyznach nie wprost

Author(s): Anna Milanowicz,Barbara Bokus / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: irony; self-mockery; sex; gender; stereotype; self-esteem; anxiety; humour; emotions

A description of three experiments involving women and men, conducted with the aim of verifying how gender, self-esteem and anxiety influence the way verbal irony and self-mockery are generated and perceived, and how the image of the “I” is created in the process. The findings indicate that ironic statements (criticizing by praising or praising by criticizing) function not only on two linguistic levels (the literal and the intended one), but also in the perspective of the two sexes. Irony is more of a men’s domain. Men are more ironic than women and they often employ irony bordering on a joke. In the case of women, there is a tinge of spitefulness in their irony. People with higher self-esteem and lower anxiety levels are more likely to make use of self-mockery.

Music-Literary Dictionary. Musical Works Inspired by Literary Art. Twentieth Century Composers. The Third Part of a Dictionary Trilogy

Hudebně-literární slovník. Hudební díla inspirovaná slovesným uměním. Skladatelé 20. století. III. díl slovníkové trilogie

Author(s): Vladimír Spousta / Language(s): Czech

Keywords: Musical-literary dictionary; Musical works; Verbal art; 20th century composers; artificial music; non-artificial music; tonal music; atonal music; electro-acoustic music; jazz; literary art; folk literature;

The third part of a Musical-Literary Dictionary builds on the first two parts of the Dictionary dealing with international and Czech composers which were published by the Masaryk University Press in 2011. The third part of the Dictionary concludes a monumental dictionary trilogy. This work deals with literary production of the 20th century composers and registers only their musicial compositions which are linked to literary (exceptionally also visual) art. The link could have a form of unspecified literary, visual or musical inspiration. In the most cases the connectionis about a common idea, theme, content or text of a literary work. The Dictionary designed this way brings a new and original point of view to the 20th century artificial and non-artificial musical production in a worldwide context into Czech and world musicial and literary lexicography. The book includes 4,205 musicial works of 533 Czech and international composers living from 1930 to the present and, on the other hand, it includes also 1,995 literary authors whose literary works have inspired the birth of musicial works. Furthermore the Dictionary pays attention to folk literature and its display in musicial production and also to musical works through which their authors have paid tribute to important artists of the past.

To educate God. Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten’s anthropological aesthetics against the backdrop of German thought of the first half of the 18th century

Wychować Boga. Estetyka antropologiczna Alexandra Gottlieba Baumgartena na tle myśli niemieckiej pierwszej połowy XVIII wieku

Author(s): Piotr Kozak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: philosophical aesthetics; anthropological aesthetics; Baumgarten; lectures on aesthetics

A historical and philosophical monograph devoted to the aesthetic thought of Baumgarten, presented against the backdrop of the school of Leibniz and Wolff, and the pietists. The author highlights Baumgarten’s original contribution to the creation of philosophical aesthetics, which he understood to be an anthropological and educational project. According to the philosopher, reflection on art in aesthetics was a reflection on the art of (good) living. The publication also features translations of extensive fragments of Aesthetics and Lectures on aesthetics.

The Sources and Cultural Contexts and of Garšāspnāme, a Medieval Iranian Epic

Konteksty kulturowe średniowiecznego eposu irańskiego Garšāspnāme i ich źródła

Author(s): Mirosław Michalak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Iran; Persian epic; mythology; historical geography; cultural contexts

The author analyses Garšāspnāme, a Persian epic masterpiece, written by Asadi of Tus. He explores two genres of epic: heroic-mythic and narrative, describes the character of Garšāsp, the protagonist of the work and discusses the hero’s personality, performed functions and relationships to other figures of the old Iranian tradition at various stages of the myth development. He also discusses the geographical and travel context of the Garšāsp myth.

Polish and Russian verbs of eating. A lexical semantic study

Polskie i rosyjskie czasowniki jedzenia. Studium leksykalno-semantyczne

Author(s): Agnieszka Gasz / Language(s): Polish

The following thesis belongs to the field of lexical-semantic studies. It aims at a confrontative description of Polish and Russian verbs relating to the physiological domain of eating. Verbs denoting the function of eating (in both Polish and Russian linguistics) remain a relatively unexplored and least described lexical category. The present work attempts to identify these verbs and perform their semantic analysis using tools created on the grounds of structural, cognitive and cultural semantics.The analysis consists of three stages. It is performed separately for each subject group. Each research stage is summarised and comparative conclusions are presented. The first stage explicates the meaning structure of Polish and Russian eating verbs, exposed through their decomposition into simpler semantic components (a componential paradigmatic analysis). Next, out of the field of eating verbs, non-synonymous expressions are singled out, grouped into synsets (sets of synonyms). Then, the basic contexts of their occurrence are identified (a componential syntagmatic analysis). The second stage illustrates the fundamental mechanisms of the occurrence of metaphorical meanings on the example of verbs central to the field of eating (a lexical subcategorization, conceptual metaphors). The third stage recreates the more important non-definitional content associated with the base verbs of eating and their expressive synonyms (semantic connotations). The observation of the most common idiomatic expressions, proverbs in which these verbs occur and a review of the representative groups of expressive synonyms have also allowed to make an attempt at reconstructing a fragment of linguistic image of eating reinforced by these synonyms.Apart from an introduction and conclusions the work includes two basic parts: theory and research which are further divided into chapters and subchapters. The first chapter is devoted to the discussion of the current state of research into verbs of eating. The second chapter presents a framework for their description. A detailed description of the selected class of verbs (analysed in three main approaches) is found in the third analytical chapter. Findings of the conducted comparative are presented in appendixes. They can be used in academic didactics in preparation of teaching and learning resources for learners of Russian or Polish as a foreign language, compiling monolingual or bilingual dictionaries as well as in translation.

A Selection of Letters

Listy. Wybór

Author(s): Johann Joachim Winckelmann / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: ancient art; expertise; antiquities; history of art; aesthetic; art and religious experience

A selection of the most interesting letters from the years 1745-1768, showing different motivations and aspects of personality of Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768) and presenting the changes in the aesthetic awareness in the 18th century. The letters, written by one of the most influential art writers of the Enlightenment, are of great importance for the formation of new models of perceiving art in 18th century Europe. They considerably influenced artistic and aesthetic critical writing.

Half an Hour before Spring. Report on Inequality and Discrimination in Belarus

За полчаса до весны. Доклад о неравенстве и дискриминации в Беларуси

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Belarusian

Keywords: Discrimination; EquaL Rights;

The purpose of this report is to identify the main areas, forms and causes of inequality and discrimination in modern Belarusian society through an analysis of legislation, administrative and judicial practice, as well as to formulate appropriate recommendations for the Belarusian authorities. The report consists of four chapters. The first of them covers the conceptual basis of the report and the methodology of its writing, provides basic facts about Belarus. The second chapter examines the situation of various vulnerable groups through the prism of equality and non-discrimination: religious, ethnic and linguistic, and focuses on groups whose problems of inequality are largely due to traditionalist attitudes in Belarusian society (women, people with disabilities and people living with HIV). as well as representatives of the LGBT community). A special group includes people who hold opposition views and beliefs. The third chapter of the report provides an overview of the international legal obligations of the Republic of Belarus in the field of equality and non-discrimination at the UN, OSCE and CIS levels, considers the features of the Belarusian national legislation and state policy, and also case law on this topic. (Published by Helsinki Committee in cooperationb with Association of Equal Rights)

КОНТИНЕНТ / CONTINENT East-West-Forum – Issue 1983 / 26

KONTINENT / КОНТИНЕНТ – Ost-West-Forum – Ausgabe 1983 / 26

Author(s): Wassilij Aksjonow,Władysław Bartoszewski,Avîgdôr Dāgān,Marek Edelman,Gerd-Klaus Kaltenbrunner,Leszek Kołakowski,Martin Kriele,Herbert Tomáš Mandl,Josef Škvorecký,Wiktor Woroszylski,Jan Zahradníček / Language(s): German

How you can help Sakharov. Soviet scientists appeal to colleagues in the West // MARTIN KRIELE: The “Right of Power”. The normative power of the factual and peace // LESZEK KOŁAKOWSKI: A revolution against the Lie. Significance and consequences of 1980-81 in Poland // WŁADYSŁAW BARTOSZEWSKI: The Warsaw Ghetto - as it really was. Testimony from a Christian // JOSEF ŠKVORECKÝ: A hot potato. On the psychological regularity of ideologies // GERD-KLAUS KALTENBRUNNER: The presence of Vladimir Solovyov // NATALJA MICHOELS-WOWSI: Michoels' Swan Song // WASSILIJ AKSJONOW: Swiashsk (2nd part) // AVIGDOR DAGAN: The old man under the cypress / / HERBERT TOMÁŠ MANDL: The last lesson // JAN ZAHRADNÍČEK: Poems. Transferred and introduced by Nikolaus Lobkowicz // Documents of the Moscow Peace Group (Group “For the creation of trust between the USSR and the USA”) // WIKTOR WOROSZYLSKI: On the death of the student Grzegorz Przemyk // Two letters from the ghetto fighter Marek Edelman

Searching for Identity: Personal Experiences and Methodological Reflections

Searching for Identity: Personal Experiences and Methodological Reflections

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: identity; research process; studentship

This volume is dedicated to the International PhD Program “Searching for Identity: Global Challenges, Local Traditions,” organized at the Faculty of “Artes Liberales” of the University of Warsaw, in 2013–2018. The volume aims at showing identity as a processual concept, using the example of the researcher as a living personality. It thus corresponds with the general trend in the humanities and social sciences to pay attention to the researcher and the ways his or her personal background and experience influence the generation of knowledge. By introducing this topic, we would like to show completing a PhD, or any other research, as a dynamic process with a personal history of success and failure, as well as to demonstrate the impact of the “Searching for Identity” project.

Ex nummis historia

Ex nummis historia. Szkice o obrazach numizmatycznych w badaniach nad dziejami starożytnego Rzymu

Author(s): Agata A. Kluczek / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Ideological aspect of the Roman coinage; Roman emperor; Imperium Romanum; iconography of coins; Roman ancient coin; medallion

Ex nummis historia… is a study which, while recognising the communicative and ideological importance of coins and medallions in the socio-political life of the Roman Empire, presents the potential of numismatic sources for uncovering the history of ancient Rome. Above all, numismatic artefacts have the unique characteristic of their inherent element of actuality. They are both a part of the ancient world and its “witness.” They document the life of specific communities that used them, as well as the authorities and elites that produced them. Therefore, they provide knowledge about the reality in which they functioned and which they reported in their own way. After all, the images and inscriptions placed on numismats were connected with the state, the authorities, and more broadly with society and its elites. They are unencumbered by any interpretation other than that resulting from the actions of the issuers, who transformed a perceived and important for them piece of ancient reality into these images and slogans. Such documentary freshness is preserved even in those numismats which bear images or inscriptions already used earlier and elsewhere. This wandering of motifs in time or space suggests an appreciation of a given theme, which changed its value and acquired a new meaning, being reborn either in a different period, place or environment. The significant role of coins and medallions — as tools of socio-political communication, carriers of ideological content and documents preserving information about the Roman Empire and its inhabitants encoded in a specific way — results from the great value of numismatic sources in modern historical analyses of Roman history. The publication focuses on the nummographic field of coins and medallions, i.e. that relating to information given in inscriptions and iconography placed on numismats. It omits their unquestionable value in the study of Roman economics and the nummometric plane concerning various measurements of monetary issues and specific numismats. The book discusses, primo, the way in which Roman coin and medallion issuers transmitted into numismatic imagery elements of the reality around them and the tradition they recognized, and the formulas, especially the iconographic ones, to which they resorted when characterizing values, events and figures important to them. Secundo, methods are presented which may help to read the ideological content of numismats and use them to deepen the knowledge of Roman political, social, and cultural history.

Constitutional Barriers to the Applicability of Private Law in the Public Sector. A Comparative Study with Particular Emphasis on Polish and German Law

Constitutional Barriers to the Applicability of Private Law in the Public Sector. A Comparative Study with Particular Emphasis on Polish and German Law

Author(s): Rafał Szczepaniak,Katarzyna Kokocińska,Marcin Krzymuski / Language(s): English

Keywords: Law; Private (Civil) Law; Constitutional Law; Public Law; Administrative Law

The underlying assumption of this book is that in the special environment that is the public sector, certain features of what we call civil law manifest themselves with particular force through contrast. An analysis of the application of civil law in the public sector is somewhat akin to an intellectual journey to the source of the Amazon. If one seeks a new, fresher view on civil law institutions and the civil law method of regulation, then this possible precisely through observing how they are applied in this particular environment. Observation of the application of the institutions of civil law provenance in the public sector actually prompts one to conduct a detailed analysis, which can be described as a kind of anatomy of civil law. It involves analyzing individual civil law institutions and arrangements, discovering their nature and the fundamental elements they consist of, as well as identifying the axiological and praxeological foundations that contributed to their development. The analysis carried out in the monograph indicates multiple relationships between civil law and constitutional law. The authors hope that this monograph will contribute to clarifying the relationship between these two branches of law. In this monograph, the authors raise the question whether, in the light of the provisions of the current Constitution, there are barriers standing in the way of using private law in the public sector. The authors respond in the affirmative to the question formulated in this way. In their opinion, due to the specific nature of the State and other public entities, some of the institutions of civil law lose their raison d'être in the public sector, and the nature of others undergoes change to a lesser or greater extent. This phenomenon can be observed, for example, in the sphere of exercising subjective rights by public entities, in the sphere of their tort liability, in their legal capacity and freedom of contract, as well as in relation to such institutions of law as unjust enrichment. The legislator and the public bodies applying these laws, in particular the courts, should take this phenomenon into account. Otherwise, there may be violations of the standards of the democratic state of law, including the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens. In conclusion, the authors consider the need for developing a sub-branch of civil law which would find its application in the public sector.

Stefania Zahorska

Stefania Zahorska

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Stefania Zahorska; film criticism; review; essay; emigration; academic focus; comparative studies; confluence of arts

In the vast and varied output of Stefania Zahorska (1889-1961), including literary activity, reportage, publications on art history, philosophy, literature, sociology..., theoretical and critical reflection on film occupies a prominent place. She continued to write about film from 1927 almost until the end of her life; her last film review, published in London, was dated 1953. Stefania Zahorska was the most outstanding film critic of the interwar period in Poland. This was due not only to her literary and critical talent, independence and uncompromising judgements, but above all, to her erudition, extensive and in-depth education. When analysing a film, she saw much more than just the image on the screen. For over ten years, she was a regular reviewer for "Wiadomości Literackie" [Literary Matters], reviewing over 500 films. She also introduced film issues to many other socio-cultural and literary magazines. She was also interested in analysing film at an academic level, as evidenced by her speech at the 1927 Congress of Philosophy in Warsaw. As a lecturer (from 1921) at the Free Polish University (Wolna Wszechnica Polska), she introduced film into the programme of lectures on art. Her commitment to teaching is clearly visible in those of her texts in which she introduces the reader to issues such as the film avant-garde. Later on in her life, she wrote film reviews for the Polish émigré press in Paris and London. This critical edition of all of Stefania Zahorska's extremely valuable works on film, reveals her extremely modern way of looking at film as a work of art, which, as the author of reviews, analyses and essays, and even intervention materials, she sees in the broad social, cultural and political contexts of a quarter of a century of Polish culture both at home and abroad.

Values and leisure

Hodnoty a volný čas

Author(s): Jiří Pospíšil / Language(s): Czech

Keywords: leisure; values; sociology; leisure pedagogy; social pedagogy

The book brings the results of a unique longitudinal study of values, leisure, and their interaction, conducted between 2009 and 2021 and is representative of the population of the Czech Republic. The interrelationships between the two phenomena under study are viewed from the perspective of social pedagogy and pedagogy of leisure. Leisure activities are divided into nine categories. For each category, the dependencies on socio-demographic factors as well as its interaction with terminal and instrumental values are examined. The resulting findings for each category are evaluated concerning their pedagogical implications.

Correspondence of directives for editing and interpretation of legal text

Korespondencja dyrektyw redagowania i interpretowania tekstu prawnego

Author(s): Marek Suska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: legislation; lawmaking; legal interpretation; Sejm of the Republic of Poland; rules of legislative drafting

Legal interpreters assume, inter alia, that the legislator consistently applies the concepts throughout the entire legal act, and that they do not introduce any unnecessary fragments into the text (prohibition of per non est interpretation). Do such interpreters' assumptions accurately reflect the way the legislator works? And do the persons handling the legislative process employ in their work tools with which the law will then be read? In order to find the answer to this question, the author has analyzed the applicable legislation and has undertaken socio-legal research, using the methods of text analysis, participant observation and in-depth interviews with legislators working in the Legislative Office of the Chancellery of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland. The results of his research and the conclusions derived from it are presented in the monograph titled Korespondencja dyrektyw redagowania i interpretowania tekstu prawnego. [Correspondence of the Directives for Drafting and Interpreting a Legal Text].