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Legislative Preconditions for the Development of Corporate Social Responsibility in Kosovo

Legislative Preconditions for the Development of Corporate Social Responsibility in Kosovo

Author(s): Nasire Bala Rizaj / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2008

Keywords: the applicable law in Kosovo; employment practices; collective bargaining; workers' protection; corruption; cadastre and land management; intellectual property rights; foreign investments

This article presents introduction of legislative preconditions of Kosovo in the sphere of corporate social responsibility. Institutional life in Kosovo after June 1999 is based on the UN Resolution 1244 which authorizes international presence in Kosovo. The first part of the paper explains what is the applicable law in Kosovo and how employment practices in Kosovo are regulated after 1999, workers' protection and the right to organization and to collective bargaining. The second part is focused on cadastre and land measurement, corruption and intellectual property right.

Human Rights in Bulgaria 2007

Human Rights in Bulgaria 2007

Author(s): Tania Tisheva,Teodora Tsanovska / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2007

The Bulgarian report contains information and analyses about the situation of human rights in the country in 2007. In the first year of full membership of Bulgaria in the EU, the realization ofthe human rights guaranteed in the Constitution and the compliance with international instruments in the field were not of satisfactory concern for the State. The main problems pointed out by the European Commission are corruption, organized crime, inefficiency of the judiciary and the administration, which impeded to the realization and full enjoyment of human rights by the Bulgarian citizens. In 2007 the main challenge for public reforms was the provision of consistent policy for better protection of citizens' rights, and mainly socioeconomic rights, for inclusion of disadvantaged groups and the better access to education, employment, health, housing, decent standard of living. The educational sector is still under reforms. A general positive trend in 2007, resulting from the EU membership, were the expressions of civil disobedience of different groups in society aimed at a more just remuneration for their work, as the teachers' strike, strikes of health professionals, public transport drivers, etc. Actions of solidarity with concrete causes for preservation of the environment, especially by young environmentalist groups, characterized the first year of European accession as well. There was overall positive impact of the practice of the national human rights institutions - the Ombudsman and the Commission for Protection from Discrimination.

"Berliner Lackvasen" – Lacquered Berlin earthenware vases

Lakierowane wazy berlińskie

Author(s): Monika Piotrowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 20/2012

Keywords: faience; Berliner Lackvasen; Samuel Wittwer; beaker vases; baluster vases

Lacquered Berlin vases are a small group made using unique manufacturing technology and technique., consisting of faience vessels of different size and form , white-glazed on the inside and at the bottom, with marks in the form a Chinese coin or artemisia leaf, on the outside adorned using a European lacquer technique. Black-, red- (in the shades ranging from vermilion to claret), navy-blue- and green-ground, as well as red-and-black vases are known. The vases are richly adorned. Basically, they feature two types of decorations: nature scenes and more or less elaborate Chinoiserie landscapes with architecture and human figures. The scenes depicted on the bodies form the main ornamental motifs on the vases. The decoration includes friezes, various ornamental motifs, and sometimes also small scenes featuring nature and landscapes. Decorations are identical only within a given set of vases. It is possible that original Chinese porcelain vases dating from the K’ang-hsi era can also be considered to belong to the group of lacquered Berlin vases, as in Europe they were redecorated using European lacquer similar to the decoration on the Berlin vases. Lacquered Berlin vases are still poorly discussed. The question of dating of their provenance is still indecisive. On the basis of stylistic analyses their origin was dated to the end of the 18th century (Otto von Falke, Walter Stengel) or to the years 1720-25 (Max Sauerlandt, Konrad Hüseler, Walter Holzhausen) . In 2003, Samuel Wittwer went beyond widely-held opinions, formulating the thesis that lacquered Berlin vases might have been forgery or at least imitations dating from the 2nd quarter of the 19th century,” and that it is possible that “the exclusive circle of buyers was aware of the true provenance of these “Chinese porcelain” objects and purchased them as ‘imitations’ of works which were not available to a wider public.”

The Effect of Wealth on Consumption Expenditures: Cross Country and Cross Socio-Demographic Group Comparisons

The Effect of Wealth on Consumption Expenditures: Cross Country and Cross Socio-Demographic Group Comparisons

Author(s): Yelena Takhtamanova,Eva Sierminska / Language(s): English / Issue: 20/2008

This study is a contribution to literature on the impact of wealth on consumption (the wealth effect). We assess within- and between-country differences in the housing and financial wealth effect and analyze these differences according to socio-demographic characteristics. Our interest in separating the wealth effect into two is motivated by increases in housing prices in many industrialized countries. The fact that many developed countries are undergoing demographic changes prompted us to consider the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and wealth effects. Differences are found in the magnitudes of financial and housing wealth effects by age, gender, as well as family composition of the households in all three countries. This paper reports some of the first findings based on data from a new source, the Luxembourg Wealth Study (LWS), built within the larger Luxembourg Income Study (LIS). LWS is a database containing harmonized wealth micro-datasets from a number of industrialized countries. In our analysis we use data from three countries: Canada, Finland and Italy.

REGIONAL NATURAL HISTORY IN ENGLAND: PHYSICO-THEOLOGY AND THE EXPLORATION OF NATURE

REGIONAL NATURAL HISTORY IN ENGLAND: PHYSICO-THEOLOGY AND THE EXPLORATION OF NATURE

Author(s): David Beck / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

Keywords: Natural History; Physico-Theology; Fossils; Latitudinarian; Landscape

First the article offers a contextual discussion of more widespread Latitudinarian views of nature and the relationship between the landscape and God. Secondly, it argues that the regional natural history should be seen as a contribution to debates regarding physico-theological belief, through an examination of comments regarding the origin and nature of fossils. This section demonstrates the reciprocal nature of religious and natural thought in the period: fossils informed the regional natural historians’ views of the biblical narrative, and the Bible informed their understanding of fossils. The final section turns to the relationship between the world that God created and both morality and health, finding that in more “scientific” fields regional natural historians were acting “empirically” in reporting isolated instances without wider theorising. The disjuncture between open conjecture upon religious implications and the relative lack thereof upon natural philosophical matters suggests, I argue, that natural theology should be the key in our understanding of regional natural histories in this period.

Human Action, Part Four, Chapter XX. Interest, Credit Expansion, and the Trade Cycle && 1-6

Human Action, Part Four, Chapter XX. Interest, Credit Expansion, and the Trade Cycle && 1-6

Author(s): Ludwig von Mises / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2008

Keywords: human action; praxiology; apriorism

We learn and profit much from the series of books and papers in which, during the last sixty years, Mises stated, elaborated and strengthened his position. Each and every one of them deserves detailed discussion. Here we start presentation of his third magnum opus, which first appeared in Switzerland in a German edition in 1940, and ten years later in a rewritten English edition under the title Human Action. It covers a wider field than even political economy, and it is still under evaluated. Mises' contribution is very simple, yet at the same time extremely profound. He points out that the whole economy is the result of what individuals do. Individuals act, choose, cooperate, compete, and trade with one another. In this way Mises explains how complex market phenomena develop. Mises do not simply describe economic phenomena -- prices, wages, interest rates, money, monopoly and even the trade cycle -- he explains them as the outcomes of countless conscious, purposive actions, choices, and preferences of individuals, each of whom was trying as best as he or she could under the circumstances to attain various wants and ends and to avoid undesired consequences. Hence the title Mises chose for his economic treatise, Human Action. We shall not know the full effects of this work. But we have no doubt that, in the long run, it will prove its importance.

Jürgen Stroop Speaks: The Trial of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Liquidator before the Warsaw Provincial Court

Jürgen Stroop Speaks: The Trial of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Liquidator before the Warsaw Provincial Court

Author(s): Katarzyna Person / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2013

Keywords: Jürgen Stroop; the Warsaw Ghetto uprising; war crimes trials

When Jürgen Stroop, the suppressor of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, was brought in 1947 to Poland, his trial was projected to be the most important of those held to date against prominent Nazi officials in Poland. According to the Jewish press it was to be a “small Nuremburg,” a final reckoning for the crimes committed against the Jews of Warsaw during the Holocaust. Yet, four years later, in 1951, when the trial finally took place, its proceedings were barely noticed, both by Poles and by the still numerous Polish-Jewish community. Despite the particular place of the Jewish ghetto uprising in the Holocaust historiography, significant organizational efforts and protracted dealings to obtain extradition rights, the trial was to fall victim to the new era of Polish politics and Stalinist propaganda, exemplifying the growth of politically-shaped historiography. This article looks at the proceedings against Jürgen Stroop and his co-defendant, Franz Konrad, and includes material from the trial, in particular Stroop’s testimony regarding the Warsaw Ghetto uprising.

Five Years of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments

Pet godina rada Komisije za očuvanje nacionalnih spomenika

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: II/2006

Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina; Commission to Preserve National Monuments; report; implemented activities; digital archive; campaign to protect monuments at risk; international activities; raising public awareness.

The text is a five-year report that includes a full overview of the competencies, work and activities of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period from the 4th of March 2002 when the Commission was established to the 1st of March 2007.

Clusters in the regional sustainable development: approaches and policies for their implementation

Clusters in the regional sustainable development: approaches and policies for their implementation

Author(s): Tatiana Houbenova-Delisivkova / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2013

Keywords: JEL: F21; G18; O43

The impact of the clusters on the regional sustainable development is analysed in order to evaluate the alternative approaches and policies to enhance the competitiveness of the regions and to improve the local socio-economic standard of life and social cohesion. The paper discusses the strategic framework of public policies that support regional specialisation and clusters. The methodology applied is based on the SWOT analysis of cluster, M. Porter’s diamond of competitive advantages evaluation and the public choice theoretical framework for setting the tasks of clusters development. The ongoing reform of the EU Regional Policies is evaluated on the basis of empirical analysis of the implications for Bulgaria and the new member states after their EU accession as regards public sector’s financial accountabilities, institutional building and socio-economic sustainability of regions. The article indicated that еvolutions in regional policy, science and technology policy and industrial/enterprise policy are in demand to serve the objective of supporting clusters at the regional level.

Main Findings of the Assessment

Main Findings of the Assessment

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2007

Keywords: Roma; Rroma; Gypsy minority;

3.1 General Assessment of NAP Measures 3.2 Country-by-Country Assessment 3.2.1 Czech Republic 3.2.1.1 Measures in the Area of Access to Social Services in Czech Republic 3.2.1.2 The General Situation of Roma in Czech Republic 3.2.1.3 Access to Social Assistance 3.2.1.4 Access to Social Housing 3.2.1.5 Access to State-Sponsored Health Insurance 3.2.1.6 Access to State-Sponsored Pensions 3.2.2 France 3.2.2.1 Measures in the Area of Access to Social Services in France 3.2.2.2 The General Situation of Travellers in France 3.2.2.3 Access to Social Assistance 3.2.2.4 Access to Halting Sites and Social Housing 3.2.2.5 Access to State-Sponsored Health Insurance 3.2.2.6 Access to State-Sponsored Pensions 3.2.3 Portugal 3.2.3.1 Measures in the Area of Access to Social Services in Portugal 3.2.3.2 The General Situation of Roma in Portugal 3.2.3.3 Access to Social Assistance 3.2.3.4 Access to Social Housing 3.2.3.5 Access to State-Sponsored Health Insurance 3.2.3.6 Access to State-Sponsored Pensions

Ethnological Institutions, Associations, and Journals in Southeast Europe

Ethnological Institutions, Associations, and Journals in Southeast Europe

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Issue: 17/2014

Keywords: ethnological institutions; ethnological associations; ethnological journals; Southeast Europe; Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Kosovo; Macedonia; Moldova; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia; Turkey;

Kaliningrad’s Toward Turn To Europe: How Crooked? How Far?

Kaliningrad’s Toward Turn To Europe: How Crooked? How Far?

Author(s): Natalya Smorodinskaya / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2006

The problem of Kaliningrad, in the form it has emerged after the 2004 enlargement of the European Union, stems from the region’s ambivalent economic position of being simultaneously inside and outside the EU territory, with no international regulations existing to reconcile this conflict. However, according to the author, this situation looks puzzling only regarding historical retrospective. In the context of post-modern realities and rapid erosion of the Westphalia system of world order, Kaliningrad just fits into the new type of regionalization based on transborder cooperation and translocal networking. As commonly recognized by experts, the only true perspective for Kaliningrad is its export-oriented integration into the EU economic space.

The Central Building of the Reformed College in Marosvásárhely

A marosvásárhelyi Református Kollégium főépülete

Author(s): Erika Oniga / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: VIII/2013

Keywords: Târgu Mureș; reformed college; directorate; plan; Sándor Baumgarten; construction

The old buildings of the Reformed College in Marosvásárhely (Târgu-Mureș, RO) were significant role players in the Transylvanian protestant public education, but proved to be less functional for educational institutions at the early 20th century. The directorate of the college commissioned a leader of the government’s architectural program, the Budapest based architect Sándor Baumgarten (1864–1928), to propose a project for the new building. He realized the project plans between 1906–1908, and the construction took place between 1908–1909. This study pursues the so far unknown construction process and interior furnishing of the main building, investigating reports from the directorate meetings of the school, documentations related to the abundant planning material. Thanks to rich written resources and the well preserved furnishing, the assembly hall is discussed in an individual chapter as it is the most ambitiously created, organic Art Nouveau interior of the building. Baumgarten took into consideration the local conditions of the site, as well as the expectations of the directorate when planning the building. As a follower of Ödön Lechner applied the national style, borrowing design elements and patterns from the Hungarian Art Nouveau style. To carry out the construction plans, young Lajos Csiszár, a building contractor from Marosvásárhely was commissioned, along with other local craftsmen. The foundation stone was celebrated on September 10th, 1908, with the construction procedures coming to an end in the autumn of 1909. The inauguration took place in June 1911, once the annexed buildings (primary school, sports-court), both planned by engineer Győző Nagy, and the renovation of the 19th century boarding school were completed. The three storey central building has a U-shaped layout. The unity of its wings is given by the characteristic execution of the facades and the harmoniously applied details. The various fixtures of the building (fences, chandelier etc.), the interior furnishings and the annexed building all celebrate the talent of engineer Győző Nagy. He applied the style of Baumgarten in the design of the furniture belonging to the directorate’s office and the teaching room, and took significant responsibility in shaping the assembly hall too. (The furnishing of the assembly hall dating back to 1910 was complemented in the interwar period with furniture that animated the ornamental language of their Art Nouveau ancestors, while keeping the integrity of its interior style.) The project received a governmental support of three-hundred thousand crowns, but its expenses reached almost half a million crowns by the time its construction and interior furnishing had been completed. With its neat floor plan, inner division striving for functionality, luminous rooms, wide and airy passageways, the building complex is a representative work of this architectural programme. The style and execution of details recall the features of the rest of the gymnasiums planned by Baumgarten (from Zilah/Zalău, Rozsnyó/Râșnov, Máramaros/Sighetu Marmației [RO], etc). However, by being an assignment and investment of the church, and thanks to its adaptation to the irregular, sloping site and local context of the already existing buildings, this work has contributed to the achievement of an original and independent work of Sándor Baumgarten in Marosvásárhely. The building-complex founded in the early 20th century hosts today the Reformed College and the Bolyai Farkas Theoretical High School.

The Innovative Bulgarian Companies

The Innovative Bulgarian Companies

Author(s): Teodora Georgieva,Ruslan Stefanov,Todor Galev,Nadezda Gancheva,Roumyana Georgieva,Eva Diedrichs,Denitsa Marinova,Metodi Naydenov,Yasen Nestorov,Martin Ruppert,Daniela Tchonkova,Todor Yalamov / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

On the basis of data from the European Innovation Management Academy, Innovation.bg 2015 analyses the strengths and weaknesses of Bulgarian companies in commercialising innovation. Although 80 % of companies have innovation strategies, they are rarely communicated clearly to company staff. While such strategies have the potential to focus the use of limited resources, their full effect cannot be achieved if staff, business partners and clients are not sufficiently aware of them.

FAMILY AND LEGAL SUCCESSION IN ROMANIA – A CONCLUSION

FAMILY AND LEGAL SUCCESSION IN ROMANIA – A CONCLUSION

Author(s): Mircea Dan Bob / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Keywords: law of succession; heirs; surviving spouse; civil code; family; comparative law; reform.

We conducted from October 2011 up to November 2016 a research on the evolution of the family concept and its influence on the legal succession order in Romania. Our scope was to provide an in depth analysis of the complex social, historical, philosophical and religious factors who worked together in modern and post-modern Romanian civil law history, in order to evaluate the answer given by the recently enacted civil code of 2011. The paper hereby can give an idea on the conclusions we drawn at the end of our work. It argues mainly if the new provisions are covering all the aspects drawn into practice by the family – in its traditional and recent presentations. We focus on the successive versions of the civil code’s Book dedicated to the Law of successions, part of them being authored by ourselves. We take into account the recent evolutions in the Family law and in the Law of successions of several European and non-European countries, with a special accent on France and the Canadian province of Québec – who deeply influenced the former and the present Romanian civil codification. The research ends with a set of conclusions leading to de lege ferenda propositions, meant to improve the actual state of the new Romanian civil code on the emphasized subject. They are meant to satisfy the specific needs of the present day Romanian society and to keep in touch with the tendencies we drawn out of the experience of comparative law of successions.

THE PULSILOGIUM OF SANTORIO NEW LIGHT ON TECHNOLOGY AND MEASUREMENT IN EARLY MODERN MEDICINE

THE PULSILOGIUM OF SANTORIO NEW LIGHT ON TECHNOLOGY AND MEASUREMENT IN EARLY MODERN MEDICINE

Author(s): Fabrizio Bigotti,David Taylor / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

ROMANI INDIVIDUALITY? ETHNOGRAPHIC EXAMPLES OF DISTINCTIVE SOCIAL ACTION WITHIN A LOCAL CZECH ROMANI POPULATION

ROMANI INDIVIDUALITY? ETHNOGRAPHIC EXAMPLES OF DISTINCTIVE SOCIAL ACTION WITHIN A LOCAL CZECH ROMANI POPULATION

Author(s): Natasha Beranek / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: the individual; individuality; narrative; agency; culture; ethnicity; the Roma; Czech Republic; family; education;

This paper explores how members of a Romani population in a small Czech town perform individualistic actions that distinguish them from other persons in their families and social circles. After an overview of how these informants achieve cultural compromises in their daily lives that serve to reinforce their agency as mothers in the private sphere, I will present different narrative portions from their life histories that highlight possible examples of individuality – social actions that lead to personal rather than categorical distinctiveness. This paper considers if the experience of individuality is compatible with one’s identification as a Rom and what kind of local contextual factors and macro-level discourses inhibit or favor individualistic action and expression. These questions are examined in conjunction with writings and debates that pertain to Czech(oslovak) Romani sociality and culture. This essay also draws on discussions of individuality from the fields of anthropology, sociology, social psychology and the political sciences.

Objects, worms, demons. The natural and magical miracle as material proof in the demonological literature of early modern Hungary

Objects, worms, demons. The natural and magical miracle as material proof in the demonological literature of early modern Hungary

Author(s): Péter Tóth G. / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2009

Keywords: law; theology; medicine; disease symptom; material proof; miracle; omen; prophecy;

Both demonology and medical learning wanted to define what material proofs they were to use in order to alleviate the politically rooted disease symptoms of the early modern period. Finding the proper therapeutic treatment required the appropriate description of the pathology, revealing the causes and consequences and making the right diagnosis. Several key questions were formulated concerning these requirements. Most of the questions formulated in this way are based on a formal syllogism that meets the normative requirements of disciplines that include law, theology and medicine and whose formal elements became valid within the systems of fulfillment of these disciplines themselves. In this paper I shall attempt to introduce the scholarly literature based on these formal logical criteria that address material proofs, omens, prophecies, oracles and miracles. I shall then outline how this debate in European secondary literature has been received in Hungarian scholarship.

MODERNIZING THE INSURANCE LAW IN THE LIGHT OF THE NEW SUPERVISION SYSTEM SOLVENCY II

MODERNIZING THE INSURANCE LAW IN THE LIGHT OF THE NEW SUPERVISION SYSTEM SOLVENCY II

Author(s): Răducu Marian Petrescu / Language(s): English / Issue: III/2015

Keywords: insurance law; insurers/re-insurers; solvency regime; capital requirement; risk management; governance system;

The article presents the way in which the system Solvency II radically changes the philosophy of the supervision act by introducing a system based on the assessment of internal and external risks, to which insurance and/or re-insurance companies are exposed. Directive Solvency II represents the new European regulatory system which will govern insurance capital requirements of insurers or re-insurers, by introducing an economic risk-based approach. Solvency II is based on three pillars which relate to quantitative and quality requirements, as well as reporting requirements and dissemination of the information. The article presents the way in which the first so called Lamfalussy Directive in the insurance sector will be transposed into national legislation, by analyzing the 4 levels at which this will be implemented. The article also analyzes both the legislative and socio-economic impact of the new supervision system, as well as the impact on the consumers of insurance services.

The Serbian Minister in London, Mateja Bošković, the Yugoslav Committee, and Serbia’s Yugoslav Policy in the Great War 1914–1916

The Serbian Minister in London, Mateja Bošković, the Yugoslav Committee, and Serbia’s Yugoslav Policy in the Great War 1914–1916

Author(s): Dragan Bakić / Language(s): English / Issue: 50/2019

Keywords: Mateja Mata Bošković;Yugoslav Committee;Serbia;Yugoslavia;Nikola Pašić;British (English) friends of Serbia;R. W. Seton-Watson;First World War

This paper seeks to examine the outlook of the Serbian Minister in London, Mateja Mata Bošković, during the first half of the Great War on the South Slav (Yugoslav) question – a unification of all the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in a single state, which was Serbia’s war aim. He found himself in close contact with the members of the Yugoslav Committee, an organisation of the irredentist Yugoslav émigrés from Austria-Hungary in which two Croat politicians, Frano Supilo and Ante Trumbić, were leading figures. In stark contrast to other Serbian diplomats, Bošković was not enthusiastic about Yugoslav unification. He suspected the Croat émigrés, especially Supilo, of pursuing exclusive Croat interests under the ruse of the Yugoslav programme. His dealings with them were made more difficult on account of the siding of a group of British “friends of Serbia”, the most prominent of which were Robert William Seton-Watson and Henry Wickham Steed, with the Croat émigrés. Though not opposed in principle to an integral Yugoslav unification, Bošković preferred staunch defence of Serbian Macedonia from Bulgarian ambitions and the acquisition of Serb-populated provinces in southern Hungary, while in the west he seems to have been content with the annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina, part of Slavonia and an outlet to the Adriatic Sea in Dalmatia. Finally, the reception of and reaction to Bošković’s reports on the part of the Serbian Prime Minister, Nikola Pašić, clearly shows that the latter was determined to persist in his Yugoslav policy, despite the Treaty of London which assigned large parts of the Slovene and Croat lands to Italy and made the creation of Yugoslavia an unlikely proposition. In other words, Pašić did not vacillate between the “small” and the “large programme”, between Yugoslavia and Greater Serbia, as it has been often alleged in historiography and public discourse