Conjunctivul în enunţurile performative
Author(s): Mirela-Ioana Borchin / Language(s): Romanian
/ Issue: 48/2010
Keywords: Romanian grammar; verbal moods; performative sentences; pragmatics
From a linguistic point of view, there are two types of conjunctive in
Romanian: the so-called conjunctive1, equivalent of the imperative mood,
occuring exclusively in main clauses, and the so-called conjunctive2, equivalent
of non-finite moods, ocurring in subordinate clauses. This distinction is
emphasized by the pragmatic effects of their most frequent uses. In our
pragmalinguistic approach, we deal with the illocutionary force of performative
utterings including both types of conjunctive. The speaker uses these types of
conjunctive in direct speech to express orders, interdictions, recommendations,
invitations, wishes, advice, warnings, threatenings, apologizes etc. His intention
is to change the state of things for better. The only actor of change is the listener,
who may accept or refuse to adequate his action to the intention of the speaker.
His positive or negative reaction determines the success or the failure of the
utterances. In such contexts, the conjunctive functions as a modus, being able to
indicate the cardinal values of deontic modalities, in free variation not only with
the imperative mood, but also with modal auxiliaries and with adverbial modifiers
which express compulsory or non-compulsory, permitted or non-permitted
actions.
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