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What can we learn from professor lev karsavin?

Ko mus moko profesorius Levas Karsavinas?

Author(s): Rimantas Viedrynaitis / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 41/2005

Keywords: learn; professor; lev; karsavin;

The article deals with the problem of intercourse between two conceptions of philosophy. On the one hand, philosophy is comprehended as a stylish addition to the solid image, on the other hand, it is treated as the main task of human nature. Lev Karsavin “teaches” us that philosophy must always be of utmost importance for each of us. This can be possible just if we change ourselves and learn to love heart and soul. Also an attempt is made to show how Karsavin discusses the problem of sins and evil. He negates evil as independent power and asserts that it seems to us as evil because we are in want of love. Karsavin belongs to the tradition of the eastern orthodox philosophy, which can be also named as hesychasm. The main task formulated by hesychastic philosophy is to re-create unity of the world of the Lord.

DISTINGUISHING FEATURES OF LEV KARSAVIN’S PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Levo Karsavino religijos filosofijos bruožai

Author(s): Rimantas Viedrynaitis / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 11/2003

Keywords: Hesychasm; Tradition; Love; Personality;

The subject of the article is the most relevant traits of works of famous Russian philosopher Lev Karsavin. This thinker at the same time was successor of Russian philosophy of universality and creator of original philosophical conception. The article also introduces to place of Russian philosophy in “western tradition” of philosophy, and specifies reasons why so rich Russian philosophical heritage often and often is trying to be described as meaningless and insignificant.

LYUBAVA MOREVA. LEV SHESTOV

ЛЮБАВА М. МОРЕВА. ЛЕВ ШЕСТОВ

Author(s): Alexandar Gungov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/1993

REVIEW

Lev Shestov as Against the Tradition of the Philosophy of Athens

Lew Szestow wobec filozoficznej tradycji Aten

Author(s): Radosław Litwin / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 16/2004

Keywords: Shestov; philosophy of Athens; Greek philosophy

In this article we are trying to show the Shestovs point of view at the origins and nature of rationalistic philosophy which he names "philosophy of Athens". It's very important part of Shestov philosophy, for it helps him to explain the true situation of a modern man in the world. For Shestov the Greek philosophy was not the result of astonishment, but fear. Fear of unknown, chaotic reality. In order to get rid of that man started to search for certainty and order, both on the ground of metaphysics and ethics. The only appropriate instrument here was Reason with his necessary and immutable truths. For Shestov the whole history of Greek philosophy in general is a process of gradual rationalization of the world.

Lev Karsavin: Conception of the Subject of Cultural Historical Process

Лев Карсавин о субъекте культурно-исторического процесса

Author(s): Mihalina Shibaeva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2008

Keywords: Russian religious philosophy; personality; perfection; discourse; intuitive thinking; University of Lithuania; Rusų religinė filosofija; asmenybė; tobulybė; diskursas; intuicija; Lietuvos universitetas

Levo Platonovičiaus Karsavino filosofinio palikimo aktualumą lemia jo sukurtos istoriosofinės sistemos visapusiškumas ir įvairių žmogaus – kultūros kūrėjo – būties aspektų aprėptis – „asmenybės simfoniškumas“. Filosofas, pabrėždamas visų kultūros atmainų savitumą ir išskirtinumą, teigė, kad didžiausios individualizacijos asmuo gali pasiekti tik kaip istorijos subjektas. Levas Karsavinas didelį dėmesį skyrė kryptingos įvairialypės veiklos subjekto koncepcijai, pagrįsdamas ją tuo, kad jos esmė ir rezaultatai yra „tam tikras Dievo garbinimo būdas“. Filosofo įsitikinimu, žmogaus dvasios ir jo raidos vienovė yra idealas, tikslas, pareiga ir tikroji būtis. Tokį dėmesį kultūrinio istorinio proceso subjekto problematikai lėmė filosofo pažiūros į kultūrą apskritai. L. Karsavinas tyrė įvairių epochų ir tautų kultūrų savitumą ir aktualumą, laikydamas jas istorijos subjekto dvasios turinio išraiškomis – nuo savimonės iki santykio su absoliutu, idealu ir empirika. Filosofas teigė, kad istorijos esmė yra žmonijos kaip visybiško tiek laike, tiek erdvėje subjekto, raida, nuolatos pabrėždamas, kad bet kokia individualybė neišvengiamai yra „to, kas bendra, individualizacija“. Tokia pastanga visybiškai aprėpti žmonijos kaip kultūrinio- istorinio proceso subjekto problematiką, remiantis vienovės teorija, lėmė pagrindinių L. Karsavino istoriosofijos konceptų – teleologinės ir holistinės tradicijų – pasirinkimą. Aksiologiniu aspektu kultūrinio-istorinio subjekto „tobulėjimo“ konceptas glaudžiai susijęs, viena vertus, su absoliuto idėja, antra vertus – su idealo tiek kaip tobulybės, tiek kaip tikslo ir vertybės, t. y. „užduoties“, sąvoka. L. Karsavino sukurtas kultūrinio-istorinio proceso subjekto konceptas remiasi „dvasios“ ir žmonijos „dvasinės veiklos“ vertės principais. Pasak filosofo, žmonijos „dvasingumas yra visų jos reiškinių pradas“, todėl istorijos mokslo objektas turi būti „žmonijos socialinė psichinė raida“. Dar vienas L. Karsavino kultūrinio-istorinio proceso subjekto filosofijos aspektas yra santykis su absoliučiąja ir laikinąja būtimi, neatsiejamas nuo visos kultūros apraiškų įvairovės. Todėl kultūrinio-istorinio proceso subjekto vertybinis dualumas yra neišvengiamas ir skatina dvasinius žmonijos ieškojimus, pasireiškiančius simbolinėmis formomis – religija, filosofija, menu, folkloru. Pasak L. Karsavino, neatsiejamas kultūrinio-istorinio proceso dėmuo yra ir nuo neatmenamų laikų vykstanti žmogaus (istorinės būties) ir gamtos sąveika, kurią jis mąstė remdamasis antikinėmis „makrokosmoso“ ir „mikrokosmoso“ sąvokomis. Filosofas teigė, kad kiekviename erdvėlaikio taške gyvenančiai tautai dvasiškai ir praktiškai prisitaikant prie gamtos realijų ir jas kūrybiškai keičiant vyksta žmonijos „tobulėjimas“ ir judėjimas absoliuto link.

DOSTOEVSKY BETWEEN SPECULATIONS AND REVELATIONS OF LEV SHESTOV

ДОСТОЕВСКИ МЕЖДУ УМОЗРЕНИЯТА И ОТКРОВЕНИЯТА НА ЛЕВ ШЕСТОВ

Author(s): Nina Ivanova Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/1993

Lev Pumpyansky’s idea of classicism: A very brief introduction

Идея классицизма у Л. В. Пумпянского (К постановке проблемы)

Author(s): Giuseppina Larocca / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: Russian philology; Lev Pumpyansky (1891–1940); classicism; history of literary history;

This introduction to Lev Pumpyansky’s (1891–1940) idea of Classicism focuses on the following problems: what is the meaning of the idea of Classicism in Pumpiansky’s terms? How did Pumpyansky apply this idea to the analysis of Russian poetry? What is the cultural background of Pumpyansky’s idea of Classicism? The article stresses the fact that Pumpyansky’s theory has several sources, e.g.the critical output of Vyacheslav Ivanov and Tadeusz Zieliński.

Russian Poet Anna Ahmatova, Mother of Lev Gumilyov, and the Supressions Between 1920-1925

Lev Gumilyov'un Annesi, Rus Şair Anna Ahmatova ve 1920-1925 Yıllarındaki Baskılar

Author(s): E. Zeynep Günal / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 6/2005

Keywords: Anna Ahmatova; Russian poetry; Soviet supressions;

Begining of the twenties (NEP years) was the fırst conflict with the Soviet regime for Akhmatova. In this article we try to show the reasons of this conflict. But at the same time we must emphasize that Akhmatova's patriotic feelings for her country were appreciated by the government of that time and she was never arrested like the other intellectuals although publication of her works were prohibited.

Old-New Looks: Leo Tolstoy with today's eyes

Staronové pohledy: Lev Tolstoj dnešníma očima

Author(s): Ivo Pospíšil / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2019

Keywords: reviews;

Review.

Lev Shestov. Dilemma of Knowledge and Belief

Лев Шестов. Дилемма знания и веры

Author(s): Nina Rakovskaya / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2017

Keywords: criticism; a paradoxical; a discourse; existential; критика; парадоксальность; дискурс; экзистенциал; система

В статье актуализируются религиозно-философский и литературоведческий подходыЛ. Шестова к литературе. Рассматривается особенность метафизического дискурсакритика. Отмечается парадоксальность Л. Шестова, обусловленная его мировидени-ем. Делается акцент на размышлении Л. Шестова о литературе как познании бытия;сущность идей Л. Шестова заключается в определении экзистенциалов в художествен-ных текстах. Отмечается, что с точки зрения критика философия основывается нарациональном мышлении, абсолютном и всеобщих правилах, но откровение художни-ка познается только личным опытом и открытием божественного. Мир художествен-ного творчества определяется «произволом писателя», т.е. его интуицией и прозрени-ем. В статье указывается, что включение богословских, философских, литературныхтекстов позволяет назвать литературную критику Л. Шестова не только философско-эстетической, экзистенциальной, но и интегративной. Монотематизм критика под-тверждается системой повторяющихся мотивов и лейтмотивов, интертекстуальны-ми элементами, концентрическими кругами, повторами, вопросами с отрицательнойконнотацией, вследствие которых остается «чистое философское поле» для размыш-лений. Так как в большинстве случаев Л. Шестов заимствует цитаты из первоисточ-ников, добавляя собственный перевод и точные данные об источнике, возникает впе-чатление, что они играют роль доказательств и научного знания. Однако Л. Шестовкатегорически против такого знания, следовательно, вновь возникает противоречие,которое можно назвать парадоксом его дискурса.In the article the religious philosophical and literary approaches of L. Shestov to the Russianliterature are updated. The metaphysical discourse of literary criticism is learned. L. Shestov’sparadoxical that caused by world seeing of the critic and his author’s model of the world isalso noted. Emphasized the preference of literature as a subject of philosophical reflectionof L. Shestov. The essence of ideas of L. Shestov is in definition of existential in art texts. Thephilosophy is based on rational thinking, absolute and general rules, but revelation of theartist is learned only by personal experience and opening of divine. The world of art creativityis defined by «the writer’s arbitrariness»: his intuition and work. In article is specified thatinterpretation of theological, philosophical, literary texts allows to name the literary criticismof L. Shestov not only philosophical and esthetic, existential, but also to talk about an integrityof his model. Monothematic of the critic is confirmed by system of the repeating motives andkey-notes, intertextual elements. In this regard it is possible to speak about concentric circles,peculiar repetitions in L. Shestov’s style and about his manner to put ques-tions, without givinganswers. Moreover, in his questions the negative connotation is obvious and as a resultthere is «an open philosophical field» for reflections. As in most cases L. Shestov borrowsquotes from primary sources, adding own translation and exact data about a source, there isan impression that they play a role of proofs and scientific knowledge. However L. Shestovcategorically against such knowledge, therefore, contradiction which it is possible to call paradoxof his discourse is once again raised.

Lev Tikhomirov against the background of his diary (1911)

Лев Тихомиров на фоне его дневника (1911 г.)

Author(s): Alexander Vitalievich Repnikov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2020

Keywords: L. A. Tikhomirov; P. A. Stolypin; Russian conservatism; diary; “Moskovskie vedomosti”;

L. A. Tikhomirov (1852—1923) — revolutionary and ideologist of “People’s Will”, who passed the tsarist prison, later became a monarchist, P. A. Stolypin’s associate and editor of “Moskovskie vedomosti ˮ. For more than 30 years he kept a diary that was in the State Archives of the Russian Federation. The article pays attention to the diary entries of 1911, allowing not only to reveal the specifics of Tikhomirov’s own views, but also to show a turning point for Russia in all its diversity.

Bogdan Lubardić: The Philosophy of Lev Shestov: Apophatic Deconstruction of Reason

Богдан Лубардић: Философија вере Лава Шестова: апофатичка деконструкција разума

Author(s): Marko Delić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2011

Fornication and Other “Awful Sins” in the Bible Translations. Euphemisms and Alterations on Matt 5:32, 9:19 and Lev 20:10-21

Nierząd i inne „grzechy ohydne” w tłumaczeniach Biblii: eufemizacje i retusze w Mt 5,32, Mt 9,19 i Kpł 20,10-21

Author(s): Jerzy Brzozowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 48/2020

Keywords: Bible translation; fornication; porneia; euphemisms

The paper shows confusion of theologians – both catholic and protestant – in all Polish and many other translations of fragments related to sexual relations, especially these contacts which were recognised uniquely as a cause of divorce. The considered translations tend to use archaic, euphemistic or imprecise vocabulary in the main text, adding often confusing and linguistically unacceptable footnotes. On the contrary, the analysed Italian and French translations are clear and intelligible. The Author shows, nevertheless, that the existing translations – not only in Polish, but also in Italian and French – of the Greek word porneia used in the Gospels are incoherent with those in the Old Testament, which is unacceptable. The Author also claims, on the basis of analysed texts, that even the best footnotes cannot replace a clear and intelligible translation in the main text.

THE BULGARIAN LEV IN ERMII. IS IT POSSIBLE TO MEET THE EURO AREA ENTRY CRITERIA WITHIN A MINIMUM OF TWO YEARS

БЪЛГАРСКИЯТ ЛЕВ ВЪВ ВАЛУТЕН МЕХАНИЗЪМ 2. ВЪЗМОЖНО ЛИ Е ИЗПЪЛНЕНИЕ НА КРИТЕРИИТЕ ЗА ЧЛЕНСТВО В ЕВРОЗОНАТА В МИНИМАЛНИЯ СРОК ОТ ДВЕ ГОДИНИ

Author(s): Mariella Nenova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2022

Keywords: inflation; price stability; business cycle; budget deficit; fiscal policy; ERMII; Maastricht criteria

The entry of the Bulgarian lev in the Exchange Rate Mechanism II (ERM II) in July 2020 opens the door to entry in the euro area. The article assesses the feasibility of fulfilling the Maastricht quantitative economic criteria, with a focus on the criteria for price stability and sound public finances which are found to have been the most problematic for the Baltic countries in their accession to the euro area. A controversial relationship between the business cycle and the achievement of those criteria has been identified. Based on the analysis, an assessment is made, namely that it will be probable for the Bulgarian economy to meet the quantitative economic criteria for euro area entry in the shortest possible period.

LEV VALTEROVICH SUNY (29.10.1932–03.03.2022)

ЛЕВ ВАЛЬТЕРОВИЧ СУНИ (29.10.1932–03.03.2022)

Author(s): I.M. Solomesh,Irina Reyevna Takala / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 8/2022

Keywords: Obituary; Lev Valterovich Suny;

October 29, 2022 would have marked the 90th anniversary of the birth of L. V. Sunya, a remarkable teacher and popularizer of historical knowledge. Unfortunately, he passed away on March 3 this year. Lev Valterovich was born in the Ingrian village of Tyarlevo in the Leningrad Region. In 1956, he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of the Karelo-Finnish State University (now PetrSU) and a few years later entered the graduate school of Tartu State University, one of the leading centers of Northern European studies in the USSR at that time. L.V. Sunya's Ph.D. thesis, published as a monograph (1963), was devoted to the study of the specifics of trade relations between the Grand Duchy of Finland and other parts of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. In Soviet historiography, this study became the first detailed approach to the problems of Russian-Finnish relations during the period of autonomy.

DEVELOPING INDEPENDENT LEARNING − REDEFINING THINKING ABOUT SCHOOL IN THE CONTEXT OF LEV S. VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY

Rozwijanie zdolności samodzielnego uczenia się − redefinicja myślenia o gotowości szkolnej dziecka w kontekście kulturowo-historycznej teorii Lwa S. Wygotskiego

Author(s): Ewa Maria Filipiak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2022

Keywords: school readiness; responsive learning; developing independent learning; activity learning; self-regulated learning; Lev S. Vygotsky’s theory; social situation of development

The quality of a child’s start at school is determined by his or her level of school readiness, readiness (sensitivity) to master the basic tools of participation in culture (reading, writing, counting). School readiness procedures usually involve diagnostic tools that focus on completed developmental cycles which provide an indicator of ongoing performance. They focus on what the child already knows and what he or she can do on his or her own. The article discusses the problem of school readiness in the context of Lev S. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. This perspective introduces a new thread and raises new questions about the old problem of school readiness. It focuses on thinking about school readiness as not being fully developed before starting school. It involves the readiness to responsive learning, developing the ability to learn independently, self-regulation, conscious control, and the ability to follow the teacher’s instructions. Developing school readiness in a sociocultural cultural approach means developing resources and competences for independent and responsible learning. Supporting the development of readiness may also mean equipping the child with tools that allow him or her to understand the school situation, meaning making processes, building relationships with others and developing coping skills and strategies. The diagnosis of readiness understood in this way is focused on the area of the child’s Zone of Proximal Development and exploring the child’s learning potential as well as his or her readiness to follow the teacher’s instructions.

Other One – Lev Tolstoy (published in Hebrew) by Vladimir Paperni, Publisher: Bialik Institute of the World Zionist Organization, Jerusalem, 2021

Other One – Lev Tolstoy (published in Hebrew) by Vladimir Paperni, Publisher: Bialik Institute of the World Zionist Organization, Jerusalem, 2021

Author(s): Rina Lapidus / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2022

Creativity of Gaito Gazdanov in the interpretation by Lev Zakharov

Творчество Гайто Газданова в интерпретации Льва Захарова

Author(s): Zorislav Paunkovich / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2023

Keywords: Gaito Gazdanov; Russian emigration in Serbia; Russian literature abroad; Lev Zakharov; Ivan Bunin; Georgy Adamovich;

The article deals with the work of one of the brightest writers of the Russian diaspora, Gaito Gazdanov. In the context of interpreting Gazdanov’s work, the author pays special attention to the publications of the Russian émigré critic Lev Zakharov, who lived in Serbia and published for some time under the pseudonym “Evgeny Zakharov”. The article analyzes a number of Zakharov’s publications both in Russian émigré and Serbian periodicals. The accuracy and adequacy of many of Zakharov’s assessments of Gaito Gazdanov’s work are noted. In this regard, the closeness of the interpretation of Lev Zakharov’s work to Ivan Bunin’s thoughts about young writers of the Russian emigration of the interwar era is noted. The author emphasizes that the Serbian theme is also reflected in the work and biography of Gaito Gazdanov.

The Gymnastics and Shooting Society “Lev” in the Sliven Gymnasium

Гимнастическо стрелково дружество „Лев“ в Сливенското реално училище

Author(s): Vitan Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: training; committee; society; arming; students

The article focuses on a relatively short historical period – 1878/1879, i.e. the first two years after the Liberation of Bulgaria and the creation of the Third Bulgarian State. The topic is intricately related to the processes that instilled the Bulgarians with confidence to defy the Great Powers in the name of their national ideal and paved the road for the unification of the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia. The arming of students is a perfect example of the transformation of chaotic youth into a new order holding promises for the future. To outline the historic framework of the events that led to the establishment of the gymnastics societies in Southern Bulgaria I would briefly review the preliminary Treaty of San Stefano and the agreements of the Congress of Berlin. Having established the international mise en scėne I would then move on to the local scene and the Unity Committees (1878-1879), focusing on the creation, the activity and the legacy of their extreme factions – the gymnastics and shooting societies, especially the Sliven society “Lev” in the Sliven (male) Gymnasium. This period is a challenge to historians due to the scarcity of primary sources and the fact that the ensuing political struggles and changes have affected historical research traditionally subdued to politics. This paper analyses and tells the stories behind authentic photos, documents and memories from the time period and scientific studies from the 20th to the 21st. c.

Leo Tolstoy and the problem of cultural transfer

Lev Tolstoj a problém kulturního transferu

Author(s): Ivo Pospíšil / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2024

Keywords: reviews;

Review of: PIOTROWSKA, I.: Рецепция позднего Льва Толстого в польской прессе. Процессы информационного и культурного трансфера. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2021. 261 p. ISBN 978-83-235-5335-9.