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Deconstructing a Region: the Banat/Bánság.

Deconstructing a Region: the Banat/Bánság.

Author(s): Barna Bodó,Alpár Zoltán Szász / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Banat; Habsburg Empire; colonisation policy; minorities

The Banat/Bánság is a special region in Europe. Its modern history began in 1716 when it was conquered back from the Turks and obtained a special status as part of the Habsburg Empire. This meant that the region became part of the latter without having to adopt its system of territorial administration. The special status lasted approximately one hundred years and entailed a rather unique colonisation policy practised by the Viennese Court, which resulted in an ethnic diversity that is seemingly unparalleled on the continent. These processes and their consequences still influence the situation of the region and the life of the national minorities inhabiting it. The primary aim of our paper is to identify the factors that currently shape the regional discourses developed mainly on the basis of the historical elements presented in the previous paragraph. Needless to say: there are indeed several discourses. However, the one adopted by the Romanian majority focuses on the basic values characterising the history of the Banat/Bánság without mentioning which elements are attached to national minorities. Rallying around this discourse devoid of elements concerning minorities could call into question the future of the Banat’s minorities. The secondary aim of our paper is to provide empirical evidence for this process and analyse it.

Investments in Innovative Start-ups: The Current Italian Legal Framework

Investments in Innovative Start-ups: The Current Italian Legal Framework

Author(s): Giuseppe Pizzonia,Domenico Antonio Multari / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: start-ups; certified incubator; tax incentives; tax credit; fiscal policies; tax incentives

The aim of this chapter is to outline some of the provisions concerning the Italian framework for innovative start-ups. In this regard, it describes the characteristics and legal requirements to qualify as ‘innovative start-ups’, ‘innovative start-ups with a social goal’ and ‘certified incubators’. In addition, attention is paid to the tax incentives for investing in innovative start-up businesses, including those with social aims. Furthermore, an overview is provided of the reasoning of the EU Commission in authorizing such incentives that are found to be state aid compatible with the internal market. In conclusion the paper underlines the difficulties in designing a start-up tax regime that proves to be effective, i.e. capable of promoting investment while at the same time preventing practices aimed at obtaining illegitimate advantages.

REALIZĂRILE SFÂNTULUI ANTIM IVIREANUL LA RÂMNIC (1705-1708)

REALIZĂRILE SFÂNTULUI ANTIM IVIREANUL LA RÂMNIC (1705-1708)

Author(s): Laurențiu Rădoi / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: fidèles; prêtres; églises

Par son activité pastorale, impression et missionnaire à Râmnic et plus tard à Bucarest, St. Anthim a incarné le vrai berger qui met l’âme „pour ses brebis”, s’élevant au-dessus d’elle tous les hiérarques qui ont passé avant et après lui sur la banquette de la métropolitaine de la Valachie. En plus de livres imprimés, beaucoup d’entre eux en roumaine, s’est révélée pour être un bon gestionnaire de l’église, préoccupé par les besoins des fidèles et les prêtres dont il a passé. En plus de s’occuper du peuple romain, a contribué à restaurer, reconstruire et embellissement et même les temples de la construction du Saint, au moment qu’il a passé le diocèse. Documents à portée de main il nous s’asseyait sur son implication pour augmenter la richesse du primat du diocèse, par l’achat de terres, d’où elle procède avec des peintures et la réparation des églises, tandis que d’autres construisent au sol. Dans un signe d’appréciation d’activités et son sacrifice, notre Église l’a passé parmi les saints, célébré le 27 Septembre

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN PROVIDING ECOSYSTEM AND SOCIAL SERVICES

ROLUL AGRICULTURII ÎN ACORDAREA SERVICIILOR ECOSISTEMICE ŞI SOCIALE

Author(s): Boris Boincean,Stanislav Stadnic,Andrei Balînskii,Carolina Tcaci,Vasile Şaragov / Language(s): English,Romanian,Russian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: ecology; economy of nature; ecosisteme; sol fertil; humus; tehnologii; organic system; bio-degradation of soil

Capitolul II cuprinde materialele comunicărilor prezentate în cadrul Conferinţei ştiinţifice internaţionale Rolul agriculturii în acordarea serviciilor ecosistemice şi sociale.

The Holistic Literary Character: The Body and the Soul The Holistic Medicine in Literature

The Holistic Literary Character: The Body and the Soul The Holistic Medicine in Literature

Author(s): Simona Liutiev / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: somatic diagnosis; intimacy; authenticity; character decentralisation; holistic medicine;

Intimacy in fiction is an aesthetical, symbolical and emotional choice. Medicine and novel writing seem to prolong the disease nature has given to mankind. Some writers’ propensity for structural themes and motifs from pathology can be considered both a professional and a somatic diagnosis predisposition. Life as a fate leading to death was a general idea at the end of the 19th century. To suddenly utter, that the soul is the body could have destabilised humanistic sciences, and it meant the decentralisation of literary character, the shift of narrative techniques, the conversion of psychology to physiological analysis emphasising the authenticity of sensation. Hortensia Papadat Bengescu’s characters are so fleshless, that it’s easy to see their soul. Illness is their only connection to the world. Each character tragically aspires to a common life, refused to all of them by their psychological or physiological condition.

Reflections on The Public Property Law of the European Union

REFLECȚII CU PRIVIRE LA DREPTUL DE PROPRIETATE PUBLICĂ AL UNIUNII EUROPENE

Author(s): Valentin-Stelian Bădescu / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Romania; European Union; public property rights; national law; Union law;

Traditional institution in administrative law, with constitutional significance, public property belongs exclusively to the state or territorial administrative units, the sphere of goods being determined on the basis of the criteria of public tyranny. The exercise of public property is achieved through the creation of specific real rights, listed by the Civil Code. The way in which these real rights are constituted, exerted, defended or defended are reasons why public property "must be preserved and passed on to future generations", with a view to the balanced development of society as a whole. As far as the European Union right of public ownership is concerned, it is easy for the legislator to invent, with good intentions, rights in favor of different social categories, only that the organization of the implementation of the laws that define their content and their concrete execution often the consumption of important public funds, lower than the benefits of improving the situation of those targeted by granting those rights.

Paul Goma: (r)evoluţia modelului

Paul Goma: (r)evoluţia modelului

Author(s): Iraida Costin / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: narrative model; bivoc word; hybrid construction; plurilingvism

This paragraph examines the impact of Creangă’ narrative modelon Paul Goma’s prose. The relationship between the character and the author, the narrative figures, the stylistic dominants of the story „Amintiri din copilărie” by Ion Creangă and the novel „Din calidor”by Paul Goma are analysed. It examines the dialogical poetics of the novel, the dialectical relations of the bivoc word, the hybrid construction, plurilingvism, the instinctive genius sense of the language, the intrinsec elements of the narrative model in the line of the Creangă-Sadoveanu tradition.

To Forgive Is to Love or Two Verbs and Their Trans-Cultural Implications

A ierta e a iubi sau două verbe şi implicaţiile lor trans-culturale

Author(s): Sorin Gheorghe Suciu / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: communion; forgiveness

Starting from one of Emanuil Gojdu’s affirmation, our paper tries to point out our humanity’s chronic need for communion by avoiding the false intercultural dialogue which is, in fact, a monologue of the one who, temporarily, holds a bit of power in this world which seems to be set on the way to self-destruction. In order to reach this noble goal, we are invoking inspiration, trying to ask – as Parsifal did – the right question, because its necessity and stringency are obvious nowadays. Thus, we are building our foundation on Paul Ricœur’s insights into the Golden Rule, trying to underline the way in which Europe’s actual problems could be mediated and solved through translation. We are also using Mihai Șora’s vision of the communication purpose’s fulfilment through true dialogue, which is communion.

The exceptionalism of Romanian socialist television and its implications.

The exceptionalism of Romanian socialist television and its implications.

Author(s): Alexandru Matei,Annemarie Sorescu Marinković / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: ocialist television studies; Romania; national tv

During recent years, the study of European televisions has rediscovered "socialist television", and we have witnessed a rapid rise in scholarly interest in a new field of research: socialist television studies. On the whole, this recent body of literature presents two main new insights as compared to previous studies in the field of the history of Western television: on the one hand, it shows that European television during the Cold War was less heterogeneous than one may imagine when considering the political, economic and ideological split created by the Iron Curtain; on the other hand, it turns to and capitalizes on archives, mostly video, which have been inaccessible to the public. The interactions between Western and socialist mass culture are highlighted mainly with respect to the most popular TV programs: fiction and entertainment.The authors give us an extraordinary landscape of the Romanian socialist television. Unique in the Eastern part of Europe is the period of the early 1990s. Upon the fall of the communist regime, after almost 15 years of freezing, TVR found itself unable to move forward.

Early Medieval Miniature Axes in Carpathian-Dniester Region. The Issues of Dating, Origin and Functionality

Early Medieval Miniature Axes in Carpathian-Dniester Region. The Issues of Dating, Origin and Functionality

Author(s): Ion Tentiuc,Valeriu Bubulici / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Carpathian-Dniester region; early Middle Ages; miniature axes; iron; bronze; dating; origin; functionality;semantics;

The article considers the iron and bronze miniature axes of the early medieval times found in the Carpathian-Dniester space. These artifacts belong to the category of objects found in different regions of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in the southeast of the continent, which date back to the 9th/10th—12th centuries. This period is characterized by a gradual warming of the climate, significant economic and demographic development of Europe, as well as a sudden increase in the activity of the Vikings, who combined armed attacks with trade activities, controlling the East European trade routes along the rivers to the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea. The spread of Christianity, the apocalyptic fear of the approach of the year 1000 and the end of the world, the spread in Scandinavia of the cult of St. Olaf (Haraldson), the Norwegian king killed by the axe (1030), which became a symbol of his martyrdom and an iconographic attribute, gave rise to new waves of pilgrimage to the Holy Places. The routes of pilgrims who carried miniature axes with them could cross the regions east of the Carpathians, where other objects associated with the pilgrimage were discovered. It should be noted that the weight of miniature axes practically coincides with the fractions of the Baghdad “ounce” of the 9th—10th centuries, and this suggests that they could also be used as weights bringing good luck to Scandinavians in commercial transactions.

Business Internationalization and Modes of Entry into Foreign Markets

Business Internationalization and Modes of Entry into Foreign Markets

Author(s): Gheorghe Hurduzeu,Irina-Eugenia Iamandi,Cosmin Silviu Raul Joldes,Bogdan CERNAT-GRUICI,Radu Filip / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Objectives: - To emphasize the fundamental factors of business internationalization - To study the four strategies of business internationalization - To analyse the stages of business development at international level - To understand the modes of entry into foreign markets

Land consolidation

Comasarea terenurilor

Author(s): Cristian Hera,Valeriu Tabără,Nicolae Istudor,Gabriel Popescu,Ion Bold,Constantin Anghelache,Simion Certan,Marin Dinu,Gheorghe Hurduzeu,Radu Antohe,Valentin-Mihai Bohatereţ,Emilian Dobrescu,Simona Bara,Emil Mușat,Lucian Luca,Alexandru Radu,Dan Veverca / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

The New Schengen Border and its Impact on the Romanian - Moldovan Relations. Actual Implications of the secured Border at the Political, Social, Economic and Operational Levels

The New Schengen Border and its Impact on the Romanian - Moldovan Relations. Actual Implications of the secured Border at the Political, Social, Economic and Operational Levels

Author(s): Gabriel Andreescu,Violeta Bau-Alexandru,Gabriela Chiorean / Language(s): English

Keywords: Romania-Moldova relations;

The study was elaborated by the Institute for Public Policy (IPP) in Bucharest and the Centre for International Studies, with funding from the Constitutional and Legal Policies Institute - Open Society Institute in Budapest and the Open Society Foundation, Bucharest, as part of the program “New Schengen borders and their social and human impact on the “outsiders” of the reintegrated Europe - the Moldovan case”. A substantial contribution was given also by the Institute of Public Policy in Chisinau. The study is part of a larger analysis project, started in 2001 on the basis of a partnership with the Chisinau Institute of Public Policy, involving experts working in institutions in the field of border control in both countries. The goal of this project is to contribute to the improvement of activities in securing the border between Romania and the Republic of Moldova, to the benefit of stability in both countries and regional security. The current study, drafted by experts in both countries, makes available concrete elements and guidelines for political actors, to be taken into account in decisions regarding bilateral relations in the present regional context, under the sign of European and Euro-Atlantic integration.

Moldova: Decentralisation of the Education Reform and Spending for Education

Moldova: Decentralisation of the Education Reform and Spending for Education

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: Education; financing education;

The aim of the SPENDING FOR EDUCATION IN R.MOLDOVA is to assess the current statute of the financing of pre-university education, highlight the main setbacks of the system and track relevant indicators to the educational services provided to the population. This study emerged from in partnership with the Brookings Institution. // The Study combines several kinds of data: official statistics provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, regular monitoring indicators of the Ministry of Education, as well as data collected from the schools of Moldova, through a comprehensive Survey, implemented during the months of February – April 2008. The analysis considers in great details the institutional dynamics of the pre-university education in the last decade, in correlation with the overall demographic and social-economic trends of the country. // Budgetary spending for the pre-university schools reflect a growing concern for the effective use of resources from the public budget on education in Moldova. Beyound the obvious demand to accelerate the reformation of the current system of public education, which implies an overwhelming agenda of decentralization, territorial relocation, rationalization, privatization and other policies that shall improve the current way of spending for compulsory education in Moldova, we aimed to provide specific policy recommendations how to improve the functioning of the system.

EAP Think Bridge - № 2019-13 - President Zelenskyy: 100 days on the Way to FullPower?

EAP Think Bridge - № 2019-13 - President Zelenskyy: 100 days on the Way to FullPower?

Author(s): Richard Giragosian,Sevinç Aliyeva,Arseniy Sivitsky,Lasha Tughushi,Natalia Sterkul,Sergiy Gerasymchuk / Language(s): English

Keywords: Zelenskyy new president of Ukraine; ACUM in Moldova; Vlad Plahotniuc; Radio Liberty in Baku;

A complete reboot of power in Ukraine and Moldova is not only a chance for changes, the request for which has grown dramatically in the societies of both countries. It is also a test for democracy. It is too early to say whether the new leaders have passed this test, but the summer has already shown some important trends. For the first time during its independence, all the power in Ukraine is concentrated in the hands of one political force. Whether President Zelenskyy and his party will withstand the temptations of monopoly rule and justify the high as ever confidence of the people, Sergey Gerasimchuk analyzed. The controversial coalition of pro-Russian socialists and the pro-European bloc ACUM seemed to be the only chance for Moldova to overthrow the regime of oligarch Vlad Plahotniuc. How long this unexpected alliance will last and whether the allies will cope with other tasks facing the country, Natalia Stercul searched for answers. Rapid, albeit difficult, changes are on in Armenia, where the prime minister set ambitious development goals for 2050 already. Meanwhile, Belarus decided on the dates of the parliamentary and presidential elections, although neither the change of power, nor the reform of the system are in question. The summer was hot in Georgia: mass protests with victims took place in Tbilisi, and relations with Russia were aggravated once again. Azerbaijan faced yet another harassment of a journalist - new charges were brought against the former director of Radio Liber ty in Baku, Khadija Ismailova. These and other summer developments analyzed in our country reviews by the experts from the Eastern Partnership. //// CONTENT: Armenia’s difficult reforms // Azerbaijan: Human rights never a priority // Belarus: Rhetoric changes, the system doesn’t // Georgia: Freedom with barbed wire // What political changes bring for Moldova // Ukraine’s hot political summer // Analytica: President Zelenskyy: 100 days on the way to full power? // New government in Moldova: Test by compromise

The Voice of the Minorities. 1940-03+04

Glasul Minorităţilor. La Voix des Minorités. Die Stimme der Minderheiten. 1940-03+04

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian,German

please find in the » Introduction.pdf « a complete Table of Content for all annual issues of 1940

Republic of Moldova - case study of new money laundering schemes. Lessons to be learned and consequences for the EU

Republica Moldova - studiu de caz al noilor scheme de spălare a banilor. Lecții de învățat și consecinţe pentru UE

Author(s): Sergiu Gaibu,Andres Knobel / Language(s): Romanian

Keywords: criminal financing;

The evolution and proliferation of new forms of terrorism, organized crime, intrusion and information warfare generate new money laundering schemes to finance these types of activities. Their purpose is to avoid anti-money laundering mechanisms created through a joint international effort. Money laundering is essentially an international phenomenon, so it is extremely important that regulations and prevention measures are developed and implemented in all countries. This approach is particularly relevant for the European Union (EU), where all new developments, including the fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive and the legislative framework for the automatic exchange of information, can be undermined if neighboring countries fall behind.

Clement Alexandrinus' vision of prayer

Viziunea lui Clement Alexandrinul despre rugăciune

Author(s): Mărioara Drăgan / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Clement of Alexandria; prayer; contemplation; divine light; gnosis; divine pedagogy;

The endeavour of Clement of Alexandria to weave the power of the graceful unity between theology as a prayer experienced in personal life, as a spiritual exercise in the complex process of contemplation, as evidenced by his writings, and theology as a science he strives to argue using the tools offered by the existing tools of his time, philosophy and science. The connection between the two comes from a theoretical contemplative and visionary practice, as one may say. Clement passes from knowledge as science to knowledge as mystery, from an external theology to an inner theology, namely to mystical theology. The spiritual union of man with God, through the view of uncreated light, will be identified in the context of hesychastic theology by Saint Simeon the New Theologian, a few centuries later. Clement's influence on the evolution of the later Christian spirituality, especially on the Eastern one, has been proved especially in the treatises of prayer by Origen and Evagrius Ponticus.

Venga - A Lost Identity

Vinga - o identitate pierdută

Author(s): Gilda Vălcan / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: village; Venga; identity;

Mărturisesc că, în primă instanță, interesul pe care mi l-a stârnit Vinga a fost pur estetic. înainte de a cunoaște oamenii de aici și înainte de a afla ceva cu precizie despre trecutul și prezentul satului, am fost impresionată de mărimea și așezarea localității pe culmea unui deal și în special de Biserica Catolică de dimensiunile unei Catedrale. Nefiind din zonă, am cerut informații cu privire la ceea ce azi pare să fie un sat. Răspunsul ? Un sat de bulgari foarte bogați. Nu puteam pricepe rostul unei biserici catolice într-un sat de bulgari, așa că am presupus că în sat trăiau și unguri. Da, trăiau unguri, dar biserica era construită de către bulgari: erau catolici. A fost de ajuns să-mi stârnească interesul. Peste câtva timp sau, mai precis, peste doi ani, avea să mi se ivească ocazia să „lucrez” în acest sat, să vorbesc cu oamenii de aici și să găsesc răspunsuri la întrebările pe care mi le pusesem până atunci. Știam doar că în localitate trăiesc mulți bulgari, că tinerii de aici studiază în Timișoara sau Arad, că înainte de al doilea război mondial Vinga era celebră datorită bomboanelor fabricate de Drașcovici. Mai târziu, după ce am devenit un „om al locului”, am descoperit legendele cu privire la nașterea acestuia și nu am putut să nu observ teama celor bătrâni cu privire la viitor.

Limits and transgressions in the fiction and imaginary of the libertine novel of the 18th century

Limites et transgressions dans la fiction et l'imaginaire du roman libertin du XVIIIe siècle

Author(s): Carmen Andrei / Language(s): French / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Threshold; libertine; 18th century; transgression; pace; private;

The present work focuses on the analysis of the threshold in the libertine imaginary, i.e. the physical, material, and affective, mental representations and (con)figurations of the boundaries and transgressions in the libertine literature of the 18th century, seen through the notion of threshold which is ever present in everything it contains on the overt/covert side, in the not-yet and already-done, the obscured-exhibited, consistently present in the temporal and spatial structures of fiction. The authors of books circulating in the free trade, "second-rate" creations, always kept on the fringes of literature, the same as their characters (young apprentices and experienced libertines), transgress everything, all bounds and frontiers, taboos and interdictions, showing a Promethean libertarian identity assertion will, a desire to defy, a bet to make or a challenge to beat.