Proper names in an epistolary text and Witkacy’s idiolectal peculiarities — illustrated with an example of Letters to the wife written in the years 19

Nazwa własna w tekście epistolarnym a osobliwości idiolektalne Witkacego — na przykładzie Listów do żony z lat 1923–1939

Author(s): Halszka Górny / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5/2014

Keywords: proper name; private letter; epistolary dialogue; Witkacy’s idiolect

In the article the occurrence of proper names in the letter structure, conceived as a genre of text, taking into consideration aspects that determine the genelogical identity of the family epistolary text, is being discussed. So the onyms that occur in opening and closing phrases and in the bodies of letters were shown and the propria characteristic of the colloquial variant of the language, but with clearly marked features of Witkacy’s idiolect, were described. Attention was also paid to the names included in the structures that imply dialogicality of the monologue text or that profile the recipient as well as to the onyms in the documentary and factual dimension.

Professor Roman Laskowski (17 II 1936–21 VI 2014)

Profesor Roman Laskowski (17 II 1936–21 VI 2014)

Author(s): Piotr Żmigrodzki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5/2014

Appeal from Jasna Góra — a collection genre

Apel jasnogórski jako gatunek w formie kolekcji

Author(s): Małgorzata Dawidziak-Kładoczna / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5/2014

Keywords: Appeal from Jasna Góra; religious language; linguistic genology; stylistics; a genre in the form of collection

The article touches upon the appeal from Jasna Góra, which has been treated as a collection genre including a hymn, a prayer, a sermon and a blessing. At first the author discusses the genre structure of the appeal and focuses on both the canon model and its alternations which determine the identity of the structural model. Special attention has been paid to the delimitation frame, features of a homily and the prayer segment as well as their interplay. The pragmatic aspect is very interesting, especially the complex sender-receiver relations, the effect of the presence of dialogue, a variety of people and a wealth of speech acts. The analysed texts represent the religious style whose most important features are: formulaic discourse, special terminology, metaphors, schematic character. In the cognitive aspect we observe the Christian (especially Roman Catholic) and national point of view. Also liturgical time is a very important category .

THE MEDICINE OF THE SOUL AND THE BACONIAN LEGACY IN EARLY MODERN CONTEXT

THE MEDICINE OF THE SOUL AND THE BACONIAN LEGACY IN EARLY MODERN CONTEXT

Author(s): Bogdan Deznan / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: Regimens of the Mind: Boyle; Locke; and the Early Modern Cultura Animi Tradition; vita activa

Recent years have witnessed an increase in the number of scholarly works concerned with one particular aspect of the early modern period. This important feature can best be summarized as the anthropological core of the early modern experimental enterprise. Specific perspectives on human nature and implicitly on the human affective and cognitive constitution were fundamental in grounding different approaches to the study of nature. Both Stephen Gaukroger1 and Peter Harrison2, for instance, make compelling cases in favor of the view that the early modern natural philosophers’ primary concern was with the limitations of the human cognitive capabilities and the proper methods for knowledge acquisition according to these limitations. This stance eventually led to objectified, institutionalized investigative practices.

CRUCIAL INSTANCES AND CRUCIAL EXPERIMENTS IN BACON, BOYLE, AND HOOKE

CRUCIAL INSTANCES AND CRUCIAL EXPERIMENTS IN BACON, BOYLE, AND HOOKE

Author(s): Claudia Dumitru / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: Francis Bacon; crucial instances; eliminative induction; crucial experiments; Robert Hooke; Robert Boyle

My paper is an account of the tradition of crucial experiments prior to Newton. The starting point of my investigation is the second book of Francis Bacon’s Novum Organum and his account of instantia crucis, a subset of the instances with special powers. I take a close look at both his claims about the certainty of crucial instances and at the examples he advances to support his account. From there, I follow the adoption of this concept in the circles of the early Royal Society, briefly touching on Robert Boyle’s use of the phrase experimentum crucis, and then focusing on Robert Hooke’s Micrographia and the two experiments that are said to be crucial in Observation IX in that work. Hooke’s case is revealed to be a little more complicated than Boyle’s, because the two experiments that he claims are crucial for refuting Descartes’ theory of the nature of prismatic colors and confirming his own seem i) have a weaker confirmatory value and ii) to play a slightly different role than the examples Bacon and Boyle advanced.

FRANCIS BACON ON POTENTIAL HEAT FRANCIS BACON ON POTENTIAL HEATFRANCIS BACON ON POTENTIAL HEAT

FRANCIS BACON ON POTENTIAL HEAT FRANCIS BACON ON POTENTIAL HEATFRANCIS BACON ON POTENTIAL HEAT

Author(s): Sebastian Mateiescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: Bacon’s theory of matter; potential heat; occult qualities; primary Bacon’s theory of matter; potential heat; occult qualities; primary Bacon’s theory of matter; potential heat; occult qualities; primary Bacon’s theory of matter; potential heat

The paper presents an analysis of the concept of potential heat and thus seeks to contribute some conceptual clarifications to Bacon’s theory of matter. The starting hypothesis is that potential heat could beseenat first sightas an example of occult quality, for it has a hidden and non-manifest character which by definition is a specific feature of occult qualities. Yet, the thesis supported in the paper isthat potential heat is not a genuine occult qualityin Bacon’s philosophyand it shouldratherbe equated with the motion of excitation.Some important notions as occult qualities, primary and secondary properties, the reduction process, and their overall relationship receive some elucidation. An attempt is made to clarify the meaning of the term “potential”characterizing this sort of heatand situate this notion in the general framework of Bacon’s theory of matter. One important consequence of this effort is the emphasis put ondrawing asharp distinction between the ‘potential’ and the ‘actual’in Bacon’s thought. Thus, the example of potential heat is taken to suggest that Bacon reaches a middle place between the Scholastics’ positive reference to hidden dispositional qualities and theatomist’s emphasis upon the necessity of reducing these properties to their categorical bases.This distinction is then exploited inresolving what are otherwise difficult puzzles in Bacon’s conceptual framework and to further strengthenthe role played by Bacon’s cosmogony in his overall philosophy.

MATERIAL OBJECTS AND CIRCULATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN EARLY MODERN LOW COUNTRIES

MATERIAL OBJECTS AND CIRCULATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN EARLY MODERN LOW COUNTRIES

Author(s): Mihnea Dobre / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: Low Countries; Harold Cook; geographical boundaries

This volume is a collection of ten essays on the problem of the circulation of knowledge in the Low Countries in sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The editors picked up cases of dissemination, transformation, and production of ideas that are linked to the material objects. A common premise of these studies is that material objects reveal aspects of the seventeenth-century thought that cannot be easily discriminated by a mere contemplation of ideas. In Vittoria Feola’s and Mária Luz López Terrada’s chapters these objects are seeds or plants. Koenraad van Cleempoel, Vera Keller, and Sven Dupré examine instruments of scientific use. Manuscripts are discussed in the chapters written by Jan Dijksterhuis and Claus Zittel. Eric Jorink’s chapter is about all sorts of objects gathered by the Dutch collectors. Dániel Margócsy looks at anatomical recordings in close connection to seventeenth-century debates on the methods to preserve and transmit direct medical observation through the use of anatomical preparations. Koen Vermeir presents a debate about the use of dividing rod.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN THE ROMANIAN BANKING SYSTEM

GUVERNANŢA CORPORATIVĂ ÎN SECTORUL BANCAR DIN ROMÂNIA

Author(s): Adrian Popa,Radu N. Catană / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: corporate governance; banking system; banking corporate governance; financial crisis; regulator; shareholder; stakeholder; Board of Directors; director; remuneration; transparency; compliance; audit; ethics.

Corporate Governance in the Romanian Banking System. The Corporate Governance concept and instrumentation were significantly challenged by the recent financial crisis, with the result of retaining a more pronounced regulatory nature. It is now clear that better governance may only be achieved through better regulation. The financial crisis context tendered the acceleration of banking corporate governance costumization, while both the business environment and the public policies bring their attention to the radical improvement of governance practices. Using the empirical method of the questionnaire and through the direct contact with executive banking lawyers, it was found that procedures concerning the activity of financial institutions bodies, as well as the protection of minority shareholders only reveals punctual issues that may be solved without regulatory intervention (e.g. usage of independent or at least outside directors in baks’ boards, procedures related to the management transparency ec.). The most relevant issue is the necessity of reconceptualizing the significancy of banks’ relationship with the stakeholders. The replacement of financial institutions’ relationship with the clients (in both deposits and credits) and the government should begin from recognizing their importance in the content of corporate interests’ concept. In the banking field, the maximization of shareholders value as prevaling orientation the corporate managers is limited by the public significance of these financial institutions’ activty. Therefore, one should seriously take into consideration a new orientation of the law and jurisprudence with the view of recognizing – at a certain extend - the directors duties of care and dilligence to the benefit of stakeholders. Such resettlement would allow banks to get back from the role they assumed before criss – which was the care of showing huge profits on short term – to their fundamental role as financial intermediary in which long term relationship with clients prevails.

EUROPEAN LEGAL INTEGRATION AND METHODS OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW – REMARKS

L’INTEGRATION JURIDIQUE EUROPEENNE ET LES METHODES DU DROIT INTERNATIONAL PRIVE – QUELQUES OBSERVATIONS

Author(s): Alina Elena Oprea / Language(s): French / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: intégration juridique; uniformisation; harmonisation; conflits de lois; règles de conflit; lois de police; lex societatis; lex auctoritatis; offres publiques d’acquisition.

Les méthodes auxquelles le droit international privé fait appel afin de gérer la diversité législative portent aujourd’hui l’empreinte de l’intégration juridique européenne. Le rappel des techniques utilisées par le législateur de l’Union pour réaliser cette intégration permet de vérifier que celle-ci n’implique pas nécessairement la disparition des conflits de lois ; mais si habituellement les conflits sont réglés par la mise œuvre soit des règles de conflit, soit d’éventuelles lois de police, la prise en compte de la donnée européenne apporte des modifications non négligeables dans la place respective de chacune de ces méthodes, du moins pour les situations intra-européennes. L’exemple de la directive sur les offres publique d’acquisition sert d’illustration pour le nouvel équilibre, marqué par une forte perte de terrain des lois de police nationales et, corrélativement, par la valorisation des règles de conflit.

THERE ARE, IN OUR LEGAL SYSTEM TWO NATIONAL UNIONS OF THE ROMANIAN BARS

EXISTĂ, ÎN SISTEMUL NOSTRU JURIDIC, DOUĂ UNIUNI NAŢIONALE ALE BAROURILOR DIN ROMÂNIA

Author(s): Adrian Tamba,Doris Alina Şerban / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: UNBR traditionnelle; personne juridique de droit public; UNBR Bota; barreaux; barreau constitutionnel roumain.

Est-ce qu’il existe en Roumanie deux unions nationales des barreaux des avocats ? Cette étude aborde des aspects épineux sur la profession d’avocat en Roumanie, des aspects qui ont provoqué et provoquent toujours des passions, surtout parmi les avocats. Les auteurs observent que dans notre système de droit il y a plusieurs entités des avocats qui portent le même nom, c’est-à-dire, faisant référence surtout à l’entité nationale des avocats, l’Union Nationale des Barreaux de Roumanie, la première intitulée traditionnelle, et une autre nommée Bota. En essayant de clarifier la dispute entre les deux entités des avocats (et, parmi leurs éléments composants, c'est-à-dire les barreaux), cet étude présente l’histoire de l’UNBR traditionnelle et de l’UNBR Bota. Ensuite, une courte présentation de la « guerre » entre les deux UNBRs, exposant surtout les allégations des partisans d’UNBR traditionnelle, respectivement de l’UNBR Bota. Ensuite, aux paragraphes no.10-13, sont présentés les arguments pour lesquels l’UNBR traditionnelle est vue comme la seule de notre système juridique, et l’UNBR Bota est considérée comme n’existant pas du point de vue juridique (ou, dans une exposition plus large, les éléments Bota sont considérés comme inexistants du point de vue juridique). De même, aux paragraphes no.14-16, on parle des infractions commises par les « avocats » Bota. Certaines observations conclusives représentent le paragraphe final de l’étude intitulée « Est-ce qu’il y a, dans notre système juridique, deux Unions Nationales des Barreaux de Roumanie ? »

PROPER VETERIS IURIS IMITATIONEM: THE NEW AND THE OLD IN THE MATTER OF SUCCESSION IN THE LIGHT OF THE NEW CIVIL CODE

PROPTER VETERIS IURIS IMITATIONEM: NOU ŞI VECHI ÎN MATERIE SUCCESORALĂ ÎN NOUL COD CIVIL (I)

Author(s): Mircea Dan Bob / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: code civil; codification; droit des successions; hérédité; ouverture de la succession; capacité successorale; indignité; représentation; conjoint survivant; droit d’habitation; exhérédation.

Propter veteris iuris imitationem? Qu’est-ce qu’il y a de nouveau en matière successorale dans le nouveau code civil roumain. La proche entrée en vigueur d’un nouveau code civil provoque une réflexion sur son caractère innovateur. Est-ce qu’il est vraiment un nouveau code ? La réponse est offerte en analysant son quatrième livre intitulé Des héritage et libéralités. Les dispositions nouvelles par rapport au code de 1864 seront identifiées suite à une analyse texte par texte, en faisant en même temps une synthèse d’actualité pour chaque problème envisagé.

ABNORMAL NEIGHBOURHOOD NUISANCES – EVOLUTION AND PERSPECTIVES

INCONVENIENTELE ANORMALE DE VECINĂTATE – EVOLUŢIE ŞI PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Anca Ruen / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: abnormal neighbourhood nuisances; abuse of rights theory; the new Romanian Civil code; property law; exceeding material and legal limits.

Abnormal neighbourhood nuisances – evolution and perspectives. Our neighbour: his lifestyle, his activities, his pet, his new building, his noises, in a few words, HE and his habits. Neighbourhood relationships have developed rapidly, conquering new legal meanings. Today we no longer doubt the autonomy that the neighbourhood nuisances’ theory has gained over the abuse of rights theory, and even over common civil liability. Albeit the Romanian Civil Code pictures it as a monologue between the owner and its land, the property right does not have to selfishly take into consideration only the proprietor, but also its neighbours and their legitimate rights, this being the part where legal remedies outlined by the doctrine come into force. Thoroughly analysing the present and the future of the neighbourhood nuisances in the Romanian legal system, we have observed that the legislator, after not paying any attention to this issue in the 1865 Civil Code, has now introduced it in the New Civil Code, but has failed in finding the appropriate way to do so. Despite all controversy, neighbourhood relationships, although determined by property location, are not literally land confrontations, but situations where one must accept reasonable behaviour and dismiss intolerable neighbourly demeanour. Still there remains a question to be answered and its response can be found in the conclusive remarks of our study: “Like your neighbour as you like yourself – utopia or necessity?”

IN MEMORIAM TUDOR DRĂGANU

IN MEMORIAM TUDOR DRĂGANU

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2010

Numerele 4/2010 şi 1/2011 sunt dedicate memoriei profesorului Tudor Drăganu

CONSIDERATIONS OVER THE RIGHT TO EQUITABLE COMPENSATION IN THE CONTEMPORARY ROMANIAN CIVIL RIGHTS

ERWÄGUNGEN ZUM SCHMERZENSGELDANSPRUCH IM GEGENWÄRTIGEN RUMÄNISCHEN ZIVILRECHT

Author(s): Cristian Alunaru / Language(s): German / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: Körperschäden; körperliche und seelische Schmerzen; Verunstaltungsschäden; die entgangene Lebensfreude; Verlust der Lebenshoffnung; Kumulative Kausalität; Alternative Kausalität.

Der Zweck dieses Aufsatzes ist, nach den im Laufe mehrerer Jahre, durch Teilnahme an verschiedenen internationalen Konferenzen gesammelten Erfahrungen im Bereich des Schadenersatzrechtes, einige Schlussfolgerungen über den Schmerzensgeldanspruch im gegenwärtigen rumänischen Zivilrecht zu ziehen. Es wurde in Betracht genommen, dass sich das rumänische Schadenersatzrecht, wie auch das ganze rumänische Zivilrecht, in einer Übergangsperiode befindet. Die Grundsätze des geltenden Schadenersatzrechtes, also auch bezüglich des Ersatzes des immateriellen Schadens, sind ausschließlich ein Werk der Rechtslehre und der Rechtssprechung, die auf nur 6 Paragrafen des alten Zivilgesetzbuches beruhen. Das neue Zivilgesetzbuch von 2009 bringt eine viel ausführlichere Regelung (46 Paragrafen) mit sich, welche die wichtigsten von der Rechtslehre bestimmten Grundsätze mit einbezogen hat, ist aber noch immer nicht in Kraft getreten, also kann als Rechtsquelle noch nicht in Betracht genommen werden. Es ist erfreulich, dass im neuen ZGB der Grundsatz des Schadenersatzes für immaterielle Schäden zum ersten Mal ausdrücklich vorgesehen ist. Leider ist die Regelung sehr summarisch, sehr kurz im Verhältnis zu den zahlreichen Aspekten die in den letzten Jahren von der Rechtssprechung und von der Rechtslehre hervorgehoben wurden. Zwar sind alle drei, von der rumänischen und französischen Literatur, nach dem Kriterium des Bereiches der menschlichen Persönlichkeit die verletzt wurde, zusammengestellte Kategorien von immateriellen Schäden vertreten: Verletzungen der körperlichen Persönlichkeit (Körperschäden); Verletzungen der affektiven Persönlichkeit (der Affektivität); Verletzungen der sozialen Persönlichkeit.

AFFECTATION: CAUSE OF ACTION IN CLAIM INADMISSIBILITY OF THE BUILDINGS THAT WERE UNLAWFULLY SEIZED BY THE COMMUNIST REGIME?

AFECTAŢIUNEA – CAUZĂ DE INADMISIBILITATE A ACŢIUNII ÎN REVENDICARE A IMOBILELOR PRELUATE ÎN MOD ABUZIV DE CĂTRE REGIMUL COMUNIST?

Author(s): Ovidiu Podaru / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: domaine public; affectation; utilité publique; immeuble nationalisé de façon abusive; restitution en nature / en équivalent.

L’affectation – fin de non-recevoir de la revendication des immeubles nationalisés de façon abusive par le régime communiste? L’affectation – le deuxième critère principal qui doit être rempli pour qu’un bien puisse être considéré comme appartenant au domaine public - représente une question juridique trop peu étudiée par notre droit administratif. Ses implications dans le processus d’implémentation de la Loi no. 10/2001 ont été analysées encore moins. L’affectation peut-elle empêcher la restitution à l’ancien propriétaire ou à ses héritiers d’un bien confisqué de façon abusive pendant l’ancien régime? Cette question constitue l’objet d’étude du présent article. Ainsi, dans le “droit commun” (administratif), le principe consiste à considérer que l’annulation du titre de l’État (ou de l’unité administrative territoriale) entraîne l’annulation du régime domanial (l’inaliénabilité spécifique de celui-ci n’étant pas en mesure d’empêcher la restitution du bien à l’ancien propriétaire). Cependant, d’autre part, notre système juridique a emprunté le principe français (contraire au principe allemand), selon lequel le bien lui-même est inaliénable, et pas seulement son affectation. Malgré ça, la loi spéciale établit une solution partiellement différente pour les diverses situations qui peuvent apparaître en pratique: a) dans l’hypothèse où les terrains sont soumis à des servitudes légales ou à des aménagements d’utilité publique rurale ou urbaine, l’affectation, cause de l’inaliénabilité, prévaut à la restitution en nature; autrement dit, l’affectation, qui exprime l’intérêt public, l'emportent sur le caractère abusif de la nationalisation du bien, de sorte qu’en guise de réparation il y aura restitution d’un équivalent; b) dans l’hypothèse des immeubles – bâtiments destinés à l’usage d’un service public, l’immeuble doit être restitué en nature; cependant, l’affectation subsiste – temporairement – de sorte que c’est elle et non pas le bien qui est “inaliénable” pour quelque temps. Le traitement différent s’explique par des raisons pécuniaires et de mutabilité du service public.

ORALITY IN THE LAW OF CONTRACT: MANIFESTATION AND PROOF OF INTENT IN ANCIENT AFRICAN AND ROMAN SOCIETIES

ORALITY IN THE LAW OF CONTRACT: MANIFESTATION AND PROOF OF INTENT IN ANCIENT AFRICAN AND ROMAN SOCIETIES

Author(s): Gardiol J. Van Niekerk / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2010

Keywords: ancient African law; customary law; ancient Roman law; sources of law; preliterate; jurisprudential framework; contract; orality; language; writing; verbal contracts; stipulatio; concretisation of words; outward ritual; formalism; fides.

There are many intersections in ancient Roman and African law and a superficial analysis of orality in the Roman law of contract provides insights that one could usefully employ in understanding the African law of contract. In Roman law, contracts could be constituted by words only but to incur liability the words had to be concretised by an “outward ritual”. In African law purely verbal agreements did not give rise to legal liability. Transfer of property, related or unrelated to performance in terms of the contract gave rise to liability and in that sense contracts in African law differed from real contracts in Roman law. The prevalence and endurance of the stipulatio in early Roman law have been ascribed to the importance of the Roman virtue of fides. It was the non-specialised nature of African law rather than the lack of fides that explains why purely verbal contracts were unknown in African law.

Literary Genres in the Light of English Renaissance Critical Texts

Književne vrste u svjetlu engleskih renesansnih poetika

Author(s): Goran Stanivuković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/1988

The present study endeavours to give a critical survey of the status of literary genres in the critical texts of the Elizabethan period of the English literature, from the standpoint of their description and classification. Critical texts of the following authors have been taken into consideration: Ascham, Sidney, Webbe, Puttenham, Harington and Meres. An insight into the body of generic categories discussed in these texts has made the author draw the following conclusions: 1. Elizabethan critical texts have touched only perfunctorily the generic problems in general; 2. the discussion of generic kinds is almost entirely carried out in a generalized and descriptive manner without much critical analysis of the interpretative structure of the genre in question. The author believes that this is the result of the fact that the Elizabethan theoretical texts originated and flourished at the time of the sharpest "quarrel" between "the Ancients and the Moderns" in the Italian Renaissance (and which influenced Elizabethan literary criticism). The "quarrel" focused on the nature of Dante's Commedia Divina, Ariosto's Orlando Furioso, on the kinds of pastoral and tragicomedy which were all instance s of new types of genres, and which were not described or analyzed in Aristotle's Poetics. Hence, the idea of the flexible, new or mixed genre is the dominating theoretical generic concept of Elizabethan critical texts. In creative practice this resulted in the shaping, for example, of the epic according to the new Ariostan model (cf. Spenser's Faerie Queene); the idea of a flexible generic concept exercised considerable influence on the special type of sonnet (the Elizabethan sonnet) shaped differently in Elizabethan Renaissance; this generic situation is the theoretical background of its origin: the flourishing of a new genre, a kind of Ovidian minor ep ic ("epyllion"), a characteristic Renaissance type of a mixed genre, blending within its structure several different kinds and modes, and mixing the Petrarchan tradition with the anti-Petrarchan elements as well as with the elements of the parody of the Petrarchan concept of love.

The Romantic Metaphoric Turn (illustrated on Luka Botić)

Stvaralačko-izražajni zaokret prema romantičarskoj metaforizaciji (na primjeru Luke Botića)

Author(s): Stipe Botica / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 3/1988

The specific features of Croatian poetic Romanticism can be seen in the efforts of the poets to adjust their style to the creative trends of the Romantic literary formation and in their endeavours to find original stylistic solutions. These two trends are visible in the solutions of metonymic and metaphoric expression and in the use of connotative attributes and poetic comparisons. An original solution - when compared with other Croatian Romanticists - was that by Luka Botić who used metonymic and metaphoric speech in an interesting way. In a number of cases he achieved lexical combinations which reached an independence of their own in the happy moments of his poetry and suggested a whole range of new possibilities (metaphor). In his practice Botić showed how attributes, above all the connotative ones, can contribute to "ornamental" speech and adjectival style. By means of original comparisons and other elements of his style Botić reached a measure of Romantic maturity.

Expressing the Inexpressible (On the theme of literature and psychology)

Kazivanje neizrecivog (na temu književnosti i psihologije)

Author(s): Mladen Machiedo / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 3/1988

In the text under the title Expressing the Inexpressible (On the Theme of Literature and Psychology) the author explores the two-way links between scientific theories and the pertinent literary context. Impulses from antiquity (for example when Herodotus "corrects" Freud) and Italy (Boccaccio, Marino, etc., all the way to Pirandello's analysis of Giusti) belong to "non-normative" psychology. The historical role of Lombroso was established on the cross-roads between related titles and the theses of Dostoevsky, Dossi's .autodiagnoses« and Kamov's Dried up Quagmire (= psyche). Bergson was amplified by Proust, Ungaretti, Pirandello and Eco (the last two have been indebted to Laughterj. Freud has been treated as a critic of literary and artistic activities; he was amplified by Italo Svevo (the novelist and Joyce's eye-witness), Saba, Pirandello, Breton ... The revaluation of Italian Surrealism is of considerable importance, with forerunners such as Savini (the creator of numerous changes) and Giorgio De Chirico (painter and participant of Nadja), while the links between man's interior and history have been explored by Moravia and Gadda. The poetry of Neo-Avantgarde is permeated by Lacan's theses: Sanguinetti's Latin tautology and Zanzotto's micro - aesthetics. A latent vertical dialogue has been conducted by the author of the text and criticism: since the emergence of psychoanalytical biography (the forgotten Leonardo by E. Solmi), through the revision of Freud (Fromm, Marcuse, Timpanaro), disputation Oung, Croce, Lopez, Meletinski), the foregrounding of psychoanalysis (Domenach, Sollers, Orlando, Agosti), its literal application or "authoritative" exlusiveness (Lavagetto, M. David), or the shift towards the symbolic (after Frye) ... all the way to Krieger's .psychoanalysis« of the critic himself and Calvino's quotation which (partly) accounts for the title of the essay. The manifolded historicity of the literary-psychological examples tries to compensate for the lack of perspective in the sense of a usual "terminus ad quem".

An Illustrated Essay of Croatian Literature

Ilustrirani esej o hrvatskoj književnosti

Author(s): Vinko Brešić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 3/1988

Ivo Frangeš, Povijest hrvatske književnosti. NZ "Matice hrvatske" - "Cankarjeva založba", Zagreb - Ljubljana, 1987