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The text presents a reconstruction of the experience of autism by blogging self-advocates. The starting point is the concept of autobiographical self-learning. The study included a qualitative analysis of the content of open blogs on the Internet, whose authors are people who declare themselves to be autistic. The analysis was conducted on the basis of the grounded theory. MAXQDA software was used.
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Visual disability affects about 2 million Poles. This group includes people who have been diagnosed with Stargardt’s disease. This disease occurs in the general population with a frequency of one in 10,000. It leads to legal blindness with visual acuity lower than 5%. Visual disturbances in this disease may occur in children, i.e. 7–12 years of age, as well as in adolescents and adults. People suffering from this disease experience a significant reduction in visual acuity, difficulty in recognizing colors, impaired depth vision, difficulties with accommodation, impaired central vision and often severe photophobia. The aim of the research was to collect information about the assistive technologies used by people with Stargardt’s disease and to identify their ability to move independently despite a significant reduction in visual acuity. The research results show that most of the 102 surveyed people use various types of assistive technology and experience significant visual impairment. At the same time, a significant part of this group declares that despite the inability to read the black print text, they can still move quite freely.
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Introduction. Being an author/subject by person with disability is a complex process. In analyzes interdisciplinary research of pedagogical, sociological, psychological and philosophical perspectives were used. Aim. The aim of the research in action is to stimulate the critical reflection of participants on the co-creation of scientific reality, their own practice, and raising research and professional competences. The next aim is to demonstrate the importance of educational and social activity in the process of becoming the subject/author of the own’s life of student with disability. Materials and methods. The research used the methodology of participatory research in action (Denzin, Linkoln 2009, Glaser, Strauss 2009, Charmaz 2009, Reason, Torbert 2010, Cervinkova, Gołębniak 2010, Czerepaniak-Walczak 2014) and the autoetnographic method was used (Geertz 2005, Wolcott 2008, Chang 2007, Freeman 2004, Anderson 2014). Results. The analysis of the experiences of a student with disability in the academic environment indicates significant deficiencies in supporting the areas of authorship: subjective experiences, well-being, independence, implementation of development tasks, social contacts. Conclusions. Autoethnographic-enhanced action research is a useful tool in the process of improving research and professional competences of both students and academic teachers. The participation of students with diversed needs in academic education may enable an increase in the level of inclusion in the academic community and affect the quality of education for all.
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The subject of illness and disability has been explored by artists for a long time. Depending on the era, it was presented in different ways. Twentieth-century social movements, interested in emancipating otherness, shed new light on the perception of the human body and its causative capabilities. Currently, the artist is more a commentator of reality than its passive observer and disability is one of the most important subjects of art. The exclusion, which used to involve disabled people, seems to be passing nowadays, however the problem of ableism still exists. Contemporary artists refer to it in their works trying to face harmful stereotypes. The purpose of this article is to look at disability through the eyes of artists, to find its representations in works of art and to trace how the perception of the disabled body has changed, based on the aesthetics and canon of a given age – from the perfect body of antique to the social involvement of contemporary art.
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The situation of people with mental disorders is more difficult and more complex than the situation of people with other types of disability. Perceiving them, through the prism of negative stereotypes functioning in society describing the disease, as well as the mentally ill person itself, causes many, often irreversible consequences. Support for students with mental disorders but also those experiencing mental health crises is an important challenge faced by universities in Poland today. On the one hand, each university is required to adapt the form of education to the needs and capabilities of students with disabilities, on the other hand, the lack of specific procedures defining the type, form and principles of providing support in relation to the mentally ill, often does not allow for taking appropriate actions. This reality is not facilitated by the existence of many harmful stereotypes, and as a result social isolation from the mental ill.
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The aim of conducted research is to analyse support which was given by the family undertaken on children with rare disease and mental disability. The research is based on quantity analysis in comparison with diagnostic survey method. 40 parents were involved in the research. The main research question of this paper is: do the parents of children with rare disease and intellectual disability receive a practical and emotional support under taking care of son/daughter from the relatives? Basing on conducted research it might be indicated, that almost half of parents have obligations related to everyday responsibilities. As well, half of parents declared that they have as much of responsibilities connected with taking care with their child as they can manage to do. Additionally respondents marked, that all of the members of the family (wife, husband, brothers and sisters of disable child) are taking everyday responsibilities. Most of parents indicated that they received both practical and emotional support from their family members on limited level.
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The participatory budget in Warsaw is a form of citizen involvement in city planning. The projects submitted in the budget concern, among other things, the physical transformation of space, organizing events integrating the community, and educational programs. Each of the above categories may determine the inclusion of people with disabilities in society. Social inclusion in the perspective of city change is an interesting and still rarely researched phenomenon. This article is an analysis of the content of projects for people with disabilities submitted and implemented under the participatory budget in Warsaw in the years 2015–2020. On the basis of the collected material, a quantitative study was conducted and the results were used to formulate conclusions on how urban space is used and transformed through grassroots initiatives for people with disabilities. We present the scientific implications of the abovementioned analysis in the contexts of city sociology and environmental and rehabilitation psychology.
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The Independent Living Movement is a global social movement whose idea and philosophy were defined in the United States in the 1970s. There were grassroots initiatives of people with disabilities in Europe, referring to independent living, but there was no connection between them. It was only later that activists with disabilities, coming back to the roots of the independent living movement, have contributed to innovative changes that have responded to the needs of people with disabilities in their countries. Over 30 years ago, these same activists created the European Network on Independent Living (ENIL), which is part of the Independent Living Movement. The article presents the source and emergence of the Independent Living Movement in the United States, the adaptation of the movement in Europe, the creation of the ENIL Network, and the philosophy of independent living with its most important elements.
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This paper deals with the relations between the phenomena of disability and translation studies. Translation studies and disability studies are relatively new fields, which up until recently had little in common. However, for more than a dozen years now, scholars of translation have focused on research concerning access services for people with disabilities. These services include, among others, audio description, sign language interpretation and subtitles for the deaf and the hard of hearing. However, there is not too much research concerning people with disabilities as creators, and not recipients, of translation. There is also a lack of translation scholars with disabilities. The interdisciplinary perspective of sociology of translation and disability studies may help to bridge this gap by providing a more inclusive approach to studies on translation.
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The Constitution of the Republic of Poland guarantees people with disabilities unrestricted access to cultural sites. In order to facilitate the exercise of this right, the Act on museums provides for a discount on admission tickets to state museum for people with disabilities and their guardians, while the Nature Protection Act specifies that people with disabilities have the right to a 50% discount on entrance tickets to national parks. The article analyses the system of discounts in most visited Polish tourist attractions in 2018 (with at least 200,000 visitors) in order to verify: 1) whether they are implemented in accordance with the law in national parks and state museums, 2) whether any discounts are provided for people with disabilities and/or their guardians in other types of facilities, 3) what the amount of the discount is. The analysis is followed by conclusions with conclusions and remarks regarding the law as it should stand.
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The article presents the application of a theoretical approach which is cruel optimism to analyze the situation of people with disabilities in education and the labor market in Poland. Cruel optimism is understood as a set of unfulfilled promises offered and valued by contemporary consumer society. These promises are an indicator of status, and their very existence is associated with social pressure to strive to achieve them at all costs – also at the price of the degradation of the individual. The proposed analysis examines promises made to persons with disabilities as part of various practices and solutions in the fields of vocational education and employment-related activities, as well as indicates the reasons for their failure. Possibilities of avoiding (or reducing) the effect of cruel optimism in shaping disability policy have also been indicated. The summary contains research postulates and recommendations related to the use of cruel optimism approach in the evaluation of programs addressed to people with disabilities.
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Today, in the era of competition and post-COVID challenges, tourism has become an important part of our life for everyone because it gives the necessary break from the monotonous life as a result of lockdown of couple of months during the covid period. Various studies have revealed that tourism influences peoples’ quality of life. India’s travel and tourism sector ranks 7th in the world in terms of its total contribution to the country’s GDP, according to a report by the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC).
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The 2019 coronavirus pandemic has disrupted the business environment from all the sectors. One of the first and worst affected was tourism, in general, and airline industry, in particular. The purpose of this study is to investigate the short-term effects of coronavirus pandemic on the airline industry and the potential recovery pathways. Using an empirical approach based on the secondary data investigation, we found out that, during 2020, both airlines and airports confronted with ratings’ downgrades or even bankruptcy due to the severe cash burn generated by travel restrictions. To cope with the crisis, the most common measures taken by the airlines were rationalizing the fleet, reducing staff numbers and reconfiguring their networks and capacity. In the beginning of 2021, there are signs that the industry is recovering, but the process is very slow. Meanwhile, many governments gave a high priority to the air transport industry, to protect not only the aviation itself but also the related sectors.
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Rural tourism takes place in the rural environment. It is inextricably linked to the vernacular architecture and design, and the cultural lifestyle of villages. Rural tourism is often used as a tool to help develop different regions. Rural tourism could offer a possible solution to some of the problems associated with heritage degradation, lost economic oppotunities and population decline. The Sibiu area stands out with a special vernacular architecture and preserves exceptional cultural value, aspects not recognized as a development factor and therefore not properly managed. The purpose of this paper is to try to clarify whether tourism strategies can solve rural regeneration in the Sibiu area.
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One of the biggest risks faced by the Romanian rural demography is the aging and depopulation of villages. With an often-precarious infrastructure, with a low level of education and health insurance, the rural population of Gorj County is faced with a new risk, that of dismissal of miners by reducing the activity of the Oltenia Energy Complex and the closure of the Motru-Rovinari coal mining operations. The lack of job offers, the insecurity of retraining and professional reconversion can generate a demographic exodus to the Romanian urban area or to other European countries. In these conditions, we propose some solutions to revive the economic activity in the area, offering the chance to preserve traditional agricultural activities, to develop rural tourism and to ensure good living conditions for the inhabitants of Gorj villages.
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This part is about psychophysiological costs incurred by the performing employees work not suited to their temperament and activity style. Translates it is the style of performing tasks at work. The chapter begins with the characteristics contemporary workplace to identify the most common challenges and stressors affecting the employee. The future of psychological cost research An employee's mismatch with job requirements is a subjective mix assessments and objective psychophysiological measurements, which is why I pay attention The reader on the psychophysiological dependencies presented in the chapter stress indicators from the interaction of the questionnaire-measured employee characteristics: the need (motivation) for achievement, reactivity and range style work.
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The purpose of the second is the presentation of the concept and research on the meaning of work. Feeling of realizing worthless tasks is one of the most common sources of stress. The author presents not only the results of research on problems with feeling meaning at work, but also - on the basis of an analysis of empirical premises and theories - he proposes countermeasures that organizations and workers can apply. Particular emphasis in this chapter is placed on the latest proposals solutions supporting a sense of meaning at work.
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The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the twenty most important issues, that will help you understand the issues related to building teams efficiently managed and cooperating to achieve the assumed goals goals. The data collected in the 21st century indicate that it is the most important factor for employees, right after the company they take up employment in, it is who they work with - in what team and by whom they are led. There is not a simple recipe for creating the perfect team, but building a dictionary concepts describing teamwork is a necessary but not sufficient condition, for solving emerging problems.
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The purpose of the chapter is to present three threats to the accuracy of numerical evaluations. In times of total numerical audit, it is worth remembering that evaluators differ in style assessment. As a result, publication success depends to a large extent on the person, who reviews the work. The chapter presents the results of the analyzes of both experimental research and existing data (assessments of grant reviewers research). They indicate the superiority of serial evaluation in which all competing objects, research projects in a given competition, articles research are assessed by the same team of evaluators.
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